ISO 15042:2017
(Main)Multiple split-system air conditioners and air-to-air heat pumps — Testing and rating for performance
Multiple split-system air conditioners and air-to-air heat pumps — Testing and rating for performance
ISO 15042:2017 specifies the performance testing, the standard conditions and the test methods for determining the capacity and efficiency ratings of air-cooled air conditioners and air-to-air heat pumps. ISO 15042:2017 is applicable to the following equipment: -― basic multi-split systems, modular multi-split systems and modular heat recovery multi-split systems. These multi-split systems include air-to-air systems with non-ducted and/or ducted indoor units with integral fans and indoor units supplied without fans. ISO 15042:2017 is limited to: - residential, commercial and industrial split-system air conditioners and heat pumps; - factory-made, electrically driven and use mechanical compression; - single- and multiple-circuit split-systems which utilize one or more compressors with no more than two steps of control of the outdoor unit; or - split-systems with a single refrigeration circuit which utilize one or more variable-speed compressors or alternative compressor combinations for varying the capacity of the system by three or more steps. These split-systems are designed to operate with a combination of one or more outdoor units and two or more indoor units designed for individual operation, and such modular systems are capable of transferring recovered heat from one or more indoor units to other units in the same system. The requirements of testing and rating contained in this document are based on the use of matched assemblies. ISO 15042:2017 is not applicable to the rating and testing of the following: a) water-cooled or water source equipment; b) mobile (single-duct) units having a condenser exhaust duct; c) individual assemblies not constituting a complete refrigeration system; d) equipment using the absorption refrigeration cycle. e) ducted air conditioners and/or ducted heat pumps, rated at less than 8 kW and intended to operate at external static pressures of less than 25 Pa, controlled by a single thermostat/controller (refer to ISO 5151); f) multiple split-system utilizing one or more refrigeration systems, one outdoor unit and one or more indoor units, controlled by a single thermostat/controller (refer to ISO 5151 or ISO 13253). ISO 15042:2017 does not cover the determination of seasonal efficiencies or seasonal part-load performances, which can be required in some countries because they provide a better indication of efficiency under actual operating conditions. NOTE Throughout this document, the terms "equipment" and "systems" mean "multi-split air conditioners" and/or "multi-split heat pumps".
Climatiseurs et pompes à chaleur air/air multi-split — Essais et détermination des caractéristiques de performance
General Information
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Standards Content (Sample)
INTERNATIONAL ISO
STANDARD 15042
Second edition
2017-07
Multiple split-system air conditioners
and air-to-air heat pumps — Testing
and rating for performance
Climatiseurs et pompes à chaleur air/air multi-split — Essais et
détermination des caractéristiques de performance
Reference number
©
ISO 2017
© ISO 2017, Published in Switzerland
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ii © ISO 2017 – All rights reserved
Contents Page
Foreword .vi
1 Scope . 1
2 Normative references . 2
3 Terms and definitions . 2
4 Symbols . 5
5 Airflow setting . 8
5.1 General . 8
5.2 Airflow setting for ducted indoor units . 8
5.2.1 General. 8
5.2.2 Airflow setting procedure for ducted indoor units . 8
5.3 ESP for rating . 8
5.4 Airflow setting for non-ducted indoor units measured by air enthalpy method .10
5.5 Outdoor airflow .10
5.6 Unit supplied without indoor fan.10
6 Cooling tests .10
6.1 Cooling capacity test .10
6.1.1 General conditions .10
6.1.2 Temperature conditions .11
6.1.3 Test conditions.12
6.2 Maximum cooling performance test.13
6.2.1 General conditions .13
6.2.2 Temperature conditions .13
6.2.3 Airflow conditions .13
6.2.4 Test conditions.13
6.2.5 Performance requirements .13
6.3 Minimum cooling test .15
6.3.1 General conditions .15
6.3.2 Temperature conditions .15
6.3.3 Airflow conditions .15
6.3.4 Test condition .15
6.3.5 Performance requirements .16
6.4 Freeze-up drip test (applies to non-ducted multi-splits) .16
6.4.1 General conditions .16
6.4.2 Temperature conditions .16
6.4.3 Airflow conditions .16
6.4.4 Test conditions.17
6.4.5 Performance requirements .17
6.5 Condensate control test and enclosure sweat test .17
6.5.1 General conditions .17
6.5.2 Temperature conditions .17
6.5.3 Airflow conditions .17
6.5.4 Test conditions.18
6.5.5 Performance requirements .18
7 Heating tests.18
7.1 Heating capacity tests .18
7.1.1 General conditions .18
7.1.2 Temperature conditions .19
7.1.3 Airflow conditions .20
7.1.4 Defrost operation .20
7.1.5 Test procedure — General .21
7.1.6 Preconditioning period .21
7.1.7 Equilibrium period . . .21
7.1.8 Data collection period .21
7.1.9 Test procedure when a defrost cycle (whether automatically or manually
initiated) ends the preconditioning period (7.1.6) .22
7.1.10 Test procedure when a defrost cycle does not end the preconditioning
period (7.1.6) .22
7.1.11 Test procedure for transient tests .23
7.1.12 Heating capacity test results . .24
7.2 Maximum heating performance test .24
7.2.1 General conditions .24
7.2.2 Temperature conditions .24
7.2.3 Airflow conditions .25
7.2.4 Test conditions.25
7.2.5 Performance requirements .25
7.3 Minimum heating performance test .25
7.3.1 General conditions .25
7.3.2 Temperature conditions .25
7.3.3 Airflow conditions .26
7.3.4 Test conditions.26
7.3.5 Performance requirements .26
7.4 Automatic defrost performance test .26
7.4.1 General conditions .26
7.4.2 Temperature conditions .27
7.4.3 Airflow conditions .27
7.4.4 Test conditions.27
7.4.5 Performance requirements .27
8 Heat recovery test .27
8.1 Heat recovery capacity ratings .27
8.1.1 General conditions .27
8.1.2 Temperature conditions .27
9 Test methods and uncertainties of measurement .28
9.1 Test methods .28
9.1.1 General.28
9.1.2 Calorimeter test method .28
9.1.3 Indoor air enthalpy method .28
9.1.4 Capacity tests .29
9.2 Uncertainty of measurement .29
9.3 Test tolerances for the capacity tests .30
9.4 Test tolerances for performance tests .31
10 Test results .31
10.1 Capacity results .31
10.1.1 General.31
10.1.2 Adjustments .32
10.1.3 Cooling capacity calculations .32
10.1.4 Heating capacity calculations .32
10.1.5 Power input of fans .33
10.2 Data to be recorded .33
10.3 Test report .36
10.3.1 General information .36
10.3.2 Rating test results .36
10.3.3 Performance tests .36
11 Marking provisions .37
11.1 Nameplate requirements .37
11.2 Nameplate information .37
11.3 Split systems .37
12 Publication of ratings .38
12.1 Standard ratings .38
iv © ISO 2017 – All rights reserved
12.2 Other ratings .38
Annex A (normative) Airflow settings for ducted units .39
Annex B (normative) Test requirements .44
Annex C (informative) Airflow measurement .51
Annex D (normative) Calorimeter test method .57
Annex E (normative) Indoor air enthalpy test method .65
Annex F (informative) Part-load capacity tests and determination of energy efficiency
ratios and coefficients of performance .72
Annex G (informative) Individual indoor unit capacity tests .73
Annex H (normative) Heat recovery test method .75
Annex I (informative) Refrigerant enthalpy test method .76
Annex J (informative) Outdoor air enthalpy test method .78
Annex K (informative) Indoor calorimeter confirmative test method .81
Annex L (informative) Outdoor calorimeter confirmative test method .83
Annex M (informative) Balanced-type calorimeter confirmative test method .85
Annex N (informative) Cooling condensate measurements .86
Annex O (normative) Supplemental requirements when rating fan-less (coil only) type units .87
Annex P (informative) Pictorial examples of the heating capacity test procedures given in 7.1 .90
Bibliography .97
Foreword
ISO (the International Organization for Standardization) is a worldwide federation of national standards
bodies (ISO member bodies). The work of preparing International Standards is normally carried out
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ISO collaborates closely with the International Electrotechnical Commission (IEC) on all matters of
electrotechnical standardization.
The procedures used to develop this document and those intended for its further maintenance are
described in the ISO/IEC Directives, Part 1. In particular, the different approval criteria needed for the
different types of ISO documents should be noted. This document was drafted in accordance with the
editorial rules of the ISO/IEC Directives, Part 2 (see www .iso .org/ directives).
Attention is drawn to the possibility that some of the elements of this document may be the subject of
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URL: w w w . i s o .org/ iso/ foreword .html.
This document was prepared by Technical Committee ISO/TC 86, Refrigeration and air-conditioning,
Subcommittee SC 6, Testing and rating of air-conditioners and heat pumps.
This second edition cancels and replaces the first edition (ISO 15042:2011), which has been technically
revised.
vi © ISO 2017 – All rights reserved
INTERNATIONAL STANDARD ISO 15042:2017(E)
Multiple split-system air conditioners and air-to-air heat
pumps — Testing and rating for performance
1 Scope
This document specifies the performance testing, the standard conditions and the test methods for
determining the capacity and efficiency ratings of air-cooled air conditioners and air-to-air heat pumps.
This document is applicable to the following equipment:
― basic multi-split systems, modular multi-split systems and modular heat recovery multi-split
systems. These multi-split systems include air-to-air systems with non-ducted and/or ducted
indoor units with integral fans and indoor units supplied without fans.
This document is limited to:
― residential, commercial and industrial split-system air conditioners and heat pumps;
― factory-made, electrically driven and use mechanical compression;
― single- and multiple-circuit split-systems which utilize one or more compressors with no more
than two steps of control of the outdoor unit;
or
― split-systems with a single refrigeration circuit which utilize one or more variable-speed
compressors or alternative compressor combinations for varying the capacity of the system by
three or more steps.
These split-systems are designed to operate with a combination of one or more outdoor units and
two or more indoor units designed for individual operation, and such modular systems are capable of
transferring recovered heat from one or more indoor units to other units in the same system.
The requirements of testing and rating contained in this document are based on the use of matched
assemblies.
This document is not applicable to the rating and testing of the following:
a) water-cooled or water source equipment;
b) mobile (single-duct) units having a condenser exhaust duct;
c) individual assemblies not constituting a complete refrigeration system;
d) equipment using the absorption refrigeration cycle.
e) ducted air conditioners and/or ducted heat pumps, rated at less than 8 kW and intended to operate
at external static pressures of less than 25 Pa, controlled by a single thermostat/controller (refer to
ISO 5151);
f) multiple split-system utilizing one or more refrigeration systems, one outdoor unit and one or more
indoor units, controlled by a single thermostat/controller (refer to ISO 5151 or ISO 13253).
This document does not cover the determination of seasonal efficiencies or seasonal part-load
performances, which can be required in some countries because they provide a better indication of
efficiency under actual operating conditions.
NOTE Throughout this document, the terms “equipment” and “systems” mean “multi-split air conditioners”
and/or “multi-split heat pumps”.
2 Normative references
The following documents are referred to in the text in such a way that some or all of their content
constitutes requirements of this document. For dated references, only the edition cited applies. For
undated references, the latest edition of the referenced document (including any amendments) applies.
ISO 817, Refrigerants — Designation and safety classification
ISO 5151, Non-ducted air conditioners and heat pumps — Testing and rating for performance
ISO/IEC Guide 98-3, Uncertainty of measurement — Part 3: Guide to the expression of uncertainty in
me a s ur ement (GUM: 1995)
3 Terms and definitions
For the purposes of this document, the following definitions apply.
ISO and IEC maintain terminological databases for use in standardization at the following addresses:
— IEC Electropedia: available at http:// www .electropedia .org/
— ISO Online browsing platform: available at http:// www .iso .org/ obp
3.1
standard air
dry air at 20 °C and at a standard barometric pressure of 101,325 kPa, having a mass density of
1 204 kg/m
3.2
full capacity
capacity of the system when all indoor units and outdoor units are operated in the same mode
3.3
latent cooling capacity
room dehumidifying capacity
amount of latent heat that the equipment can remove from the conditioned space in a defined
interval of time
Note 1 to entry: Latent cooling capacity and room dehumidifying capacity are expressed in units of watts.
3.4
part-load capacity
capacity of the system when the capacity ratio is less than 1
3.5
capacity ratio
ratio of the total stated cooling capacity of all operating indoor units to the stated cooling capacity of
the outdoor unit at the rating conditions
2 © ISO 2017 – All rights reserved
3.6
heating capacity
amount of heat that the equipment can add to the conditioned space (but not including supplementary
heat) in a defined interval of time
Note 1 to entry: Heating capacity is expressed in units of watts.
3.7
sensible cooling capacity
amount of sensible heat that the equipment can remove from the conditioned space in a defined
interval of time
Note 1 to entry: Sensible cooling capacity is expressed in units of watts.
3.8
total cooling capacity
amount of sensible and latent heat that the equipment can remove from the conditioned space in a
defined interval of time
Note 1 to entry: Total cooling capacity is expressed in units of watts.
3.9
energy efficiency ratio
EER
ratio of the total cooling capacity to the effective power input to the device at any given set of rating
conditions
Note 1 to entry: Where the EER is stated without an indication of units, it is understood that it is derived from
watts/watts.
3.10
coefficient of performance
COP
ratio of the heating capacity to the effective power input to the device at any given set of rating
conditions
Note 1 to entry: Where the COP is stated without an indication of units, it is understood that it is derived from
watts/watts.
3.11
heat recovery efficiency
HRE
ratio of the total capacity of the system (heating and cooling capacity) to the effective power when
operating in the heat recovery mode
Note 1 to entry: Where HRE is stated without an indication of units, it is understood that it is derived from
watts/watts.
3.12
air conditioner
encased assembly or assemblies designed primarily to provide free or ducted delivery of conditioned
air to an enclosed space room or zone (conditioned space)
Note 1 to entry: It can be either single-package or split-system and comprises a primary source of refrigeration
for cooling and dehumidification. It can also include means for heating other than a heat pump, as well as means
for circulating, cleaning, humidifying, ventilating or exhausting air. Such equipment can be provided in more
than one assembly, the separated assemblies (split-systems) of which are intended to be used together.
3.13
heat pump
encased assembly or assemblies designed primarily to provide free or ducted delivery of conditioned
air to an enclosed space, room or zone (conditioned space) and includes a prime source of refrigeration
for heating
Note 1 to entry: It can be constructed to remove heat from the conditioned space and discharge it to a heat sink
if cooling and dehumidification are desired from the same equipment. It can also include means for circulating,
cleaning, humidifying, ventilating or exhausting air. Such equipment can be provided in more than one assembly,
the separated assemblies (split-systems) of which are intended to be used together.
3.14
basic multi-split system
split-system air conditioner or heat pump incorporating a single refrigerant circuit with one or more
compressors, multiple evaporators (indoor units) designed for individual operation, and one outdoor unit
Note 1 to entry: The system has no more than two steps of control and is capable of operating either as an air
conditioner or as a heat pump. Alternatively, a system having a variable speed compressor and a fixed combination
of indoor units specified by the manufacturer can also be considered a basic multi-split system.
3.15
multiple-circuit multi-split system
split-system air conditioner or heat pump incorporating multiple refrigerant circuits, two or more
compressors, multiple evaporators (indoor units) and an integrated heat exchanger in a single
outdoor unit
Note 1 to entry: The system has no more than two steps of control and is capable of operating either as an air
conditioner or as a heat pump.
3.16
modular multi-split system
split-system air conditioner or heat pump incorporating a single refrigerant circuit, at least one variable
speed compressor or an alternative compressor combination for varying the capacity of the system by
three or more steps, multiple indoor units, each of which can be individually controlled, and one or
more outdoor units
Note 1 to entry: The system is capable of operating either as an air conditioner or as a heat pump
3.17
modular heat recovery multi-split system
split-system air conditioner or heat pump incorporating a single refrigerant circuit, at least one variable-
speed compressor or an alternate compressor combination for varying the capacity of the system by
three or more steps, multiple evaporators (indoor units, each capable of being individually controlled),
and one or more condensers (outdoor units)
Note 1 to entry: This system is capable of operating as a heat pump where recovered heat from the indoor units
operating in the cooling mode can be transferred to one or more other indoor units operating in the heating
mode. Heat recovery can be achieved by a gas/liquid separator or a third line in the refrigeration circuit.
3.18
effective power input
P
E
average electrical power input to the equipment obtained from
— the power input for operation of the compressor(s),
— the power input to electric heating devices used only for defrosting,
— the power input to all control and safety devices of the equipment, and
— the power input for operation of all fans, whether provided with the equipment or not
4 © ISO 2017 – All rights reserved
Note 1 to entry: Effective power input is expressed in units of watts.
3.19
total power input
P
t
average electrical power input to the equipment as measured during the test
Note 1 to entry: Total power input is expressed in units of watts
3.20
full-load operation
operation with the equipment and controls configured for the maximum continuous duty refrigeration
capacity specified by the manufacturer and allowed by the unit controls
Note 1 to entry: Unless otherwise regulated by the automatic controls of the equipment, all indoor units and
compressors are functioning during full-load operations.
4 Symbols
Symbol Description Unit
A coefficient, heat leakage J/(s·K)
l
A nozzle area m
n
a
C nozzle discharge coefficient —
d
b b
c specific heat of moist air entering indoor-side J/(kg ⋅K)
pa1
b b
c specific heat of moist air leaving indoor-side J/(kg ⋅K)
pa2
b b
c specific heat of moist air entering outdoor side J/(kg ⋅K)
pa3
b b
c specific heat of moist air leaving outdoor side J/(kg ⋅K)
pa4
b
c specific heat of water J/(kg ⋅K)
pw
D equivalent diameter m
e
D diameter of circular ducts, inlet m
i
D nozzle throat diameter m
n
D diameter of circular ducts, outlet m
o
D outside diameter of refrigerant tube m
t
b
h specific enthalpy of air entering indoor-side J/kg
a1
b
h specific enthalpy of air leaving indoor-side J/kg
a2
b
h specific enthalpy of air entering outdoor side J/kg
a3
b
h specific enthalpy of air leaving outdoor side J/kg
a4
h specific enthalpy of refrigerant liquid entering expansion device J/kg
f1
h specific enthalpy of refrigerant liquid leaving condenser J/kg
f2
h specific enthalpy of refrigerant vapour entering compressor J/kg
g1
h specific enthalpy of refrigerant vapour leaving compressor J/kg
g2
h specific enthalpy of refrigerant entering indoor-side J/kg
r1
h specific enthalpy of refrigerant leaving indoor-side J/kg
r2
h specific enthalpy of water or steam supplied to indoor-side test chamber J/kg
w1
h specific enthalpy of condensed moisture leaving indoor-side test chamber J/kg
w2
a
Dimensionless value.
b
It means the mass of dry air; the mass, kg of denominator in this unit is based on dry air (or DA). For units practically
used in the air conditioning field, “kg(DA)” is very often used as the denominator.
Example: J/kg(DA), m /kg(DA), kg/kg(DA).
NOTE All parameters are in relation to the unit being tested unless specified otherwise.
Symbol Description Unit
h specific enthalpy of condensed moisture leaving outdoor-side test chamber J/kg
w3
h specific enthalpy of the water supplied to the outdoor-side test chamber J/kg
w4
h specific enthalpy of the condensed water (in the case of H1 test condition) and the J/kg
w5
frost, respectively (in the case of H2 or H3 test conditions) in the test unit
K latent heat of vaporization of water (2 460 × 10 J/kg at 15 °C) J/kg
L length of refrigerant line m
L length of duct m
d
L length to external static pressure measuring point m
m
p barometric pressure kPa
a
p test chamber equalization pressure Pa
c
p external static pressure (ESP) Pa
e
p internal static pressure drop of the indoor coil cabinet assembly measured from Pa
isc
cooling capacity test
p external static pressure (p during the blowing test) Pa
m e
p absolute pressure at nozzle throat Pa
n
p velocity pressure at nozzle throat or static pressure difference across nozzle Pa
v
P estimated fan power to circulate indoor air W
fan
P power input (indoor-side data) W
i
P power input to compressor W
K
P total power input to equipment W
t
q air mass flow rate kg/s
m
q refrigerant flow rate kg/s
r
q refrigerant and oil mixture flow rate kg/s
ro
q standard flow rate m /s
s
q air volume flow rate m /s
v
q air volume flow rate, indoor-side m /s
vi
q air volume flow rate, outdoor-side m /s
vo
q condenser water flow rate kg/s
w
q rate at which water vapour is condensed by the equipment kg/s
wc
q water mass flow supplied to the outside test chamber for maintaining the test conditions kg/s
wo
a
Re Reynolds number —
t temperature, ambient of compressor calorimeter °C
a
t temperature of air entering indoor-side, dry bulb °C
a1
t temperature of air leaving indoor-side, dry bulb °C
a2
t temperature of air entering outdoor side, dry bulb °C
a3
t temperature of air leaving outdoor-side, dry bulb °C
a4
t temperature of surface of condenser of the compressor calorimeter °C
c
t temperature of surface of evaporator of the compressor calorimeter °C
e
t temperature of water entering condenser of the compressor calorimeter °C
w1
t temperature of water leaving condenser of the compressor calorimeter °C
w2
v velocity of air at nozzle m/s
a
a
Dimensionless value.
b
It means the mass of dry air; the mass, kg of denominator in this unit is based on dry air (or DA). For units practically
used in the air conditioning field, “kg(DA)” is very often used as the denominator.
Example: J/kg(DA), m /kg(DA), kg/kg(DA).
NOTE All parameters are in relation to the unit being tested unless specified otherwise.
6 © ISO 2017 – All rights reserved
Symbol Description Unit
b 3 b
v specific volume of dry air portion of mixture at nozzle m /kg
n
v′ specific volume of dry air portion of mixture at nozzle m /kg
n
W mass of cylinder and bleeder assembly, empty g
W mass of cylinder and bleeder assembly, with sample g
W mass of cylinder and bleeder assembly, with oil from sample g
b b
W specific humidity of air entering indoor-side kg/kg
i1
b b
W specific humidity of air leaving indoor-side kg/kg
i2
b b
W specific humidity at nozzle inlet kg/kg
n
W water vapour (rate) condensed kg/s
r
a
X concentration of oil to refrigerant-oil mixture —
o
a
X mass ratio, refrigerant to refrigerant-oil mixture —
r
a
Y expansion factor —
a
α pressure ratio —
α interconnecting tubing heat transfer coefficient W/(m ·K)
a
λ thermal conductivity W/(m·K)
ν kinematic viscosity of air m /s
a
η estimated indoor fan static efficiency —
fan,i
a
η estimated indoor motor efficiency —
mot,i
∑P other power input to the indoor-side test chamber (e.g. illumination, electrical and ther- W
ic
mal power input to the compensating device, heat balance of the humidification device)
∑P sum of all total power input to the outdoor-side test chamber, not including power W
oc
to the equipment under test
ϕ heat removed by cooling coil in the outdoor-side test chamber W
c
ϕ heat removed by cooling coil in the indoor-side test chamber W
ci
ϕ latent cooling capacity (dehumidifying) W
d
ϕ heat input to evaporator of compressor calorimeter W
e
ϕ heating capacity, indoor-side test chamber W
hi
ϕ heating capacity, outdoor-side test chamber W
ho
ϕ heat leakage into indoor-side test chamber through walls, floor and ceiling W
li
ϕ heat leakage out of outdoor-side test chamber through walls, floor and ceiling W
lo
ϕ heat leakage into indoor-side test chamber through partition separating indoor-side W
lp
from outdoor side
ϕ line heat loss in interconnecting tubing W
L
ϕ sensible cooling capacity, indoor-side W
sci
ϕ refrigerating capacity of a refrigerant compressor W
tc
ϕ total cooling capacity, indoor-side W
tci
ϕ total cooling capacity, outdoor-side W
tco
ϕ total heating capacity, indoor-side W
thi
ϕ total heating capacity, outdoor-side W
tho
a
Dimensionless value.
b
It means the mass of dry air; the mass, kg of denominator in this unit is based on dry air (or DA). For units practically
used in the air conditioning field, “kg(DA)” is very often used as the denominator.
Example: J/kg(DA), m /kg(DA), kg/kg(DA).
NOTE All parameters are in relation to the unit being tested unless specified otherwise.
5 Airflow setting
5.1 General
This document specifies airflow settings for ducted and non-ducted units and units supplied
without a fan.
Ducted indoor units rated less than 8 kW and intended to operate at an external static pressure of less
than 25 Pa shall be tested as non-ducted units.
5.2 Airflow setting for ducted indoor units
5.2.1 General
The airflow rate shall be specified by the manufacturer. This flow rate shall be for full-load cooling
and be expressed in cubic metres per second (m /s) of standard air conditions, as defined in 3.1, and
correspond to a non-operating compressor.
P is the estimated fan power required to circulat
...
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