ISO 11452-1:1995
(Main)Road vehicles — Electrical disturbances by narrowband radiated electromagnetic energy — Component test methods — Part 1: General and definitions
Road vehicles — Electrical disturbances by narrowband radiated electromagnetic energy — Component test methods — Part 1: General and definitions
Véhicules routiers — Perturbations électriques par rayonnement d'énergie électromagnétique à bande étroite — Méthodes d'essai des composants — Partie 1: Généralités et définitions
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Standards Content (Sample)
INTERNATIONAL IS0
STANDARD 11452-l
First edition
1995-l Z-01
Road vehicles - Electrical disturbances
by narrowband radiated electromagnetic
I
- Component test methods -
energy
Part 1:
General and definitions
&hicules routiers - Perturbations glectriques par rayonnement d’knergie
6lectromagnktique en bande &roite - M&hodes d’essai d’un
composan t -
Par-tie 1: G&&-alit& et dbfinitions
Reference number
IS0 11452-1 :I 995(E)
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IS0 11452=1:1995(E)
Contents
Page
1
1 Scope . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
1
2 Normative reference . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .~.
1
3 Definitions . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
3
4 General aim and practical use . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
3
. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
5 Test procedures
3
5.1 Test conditions . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
5
. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
5.2 Test methods
6
. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
5.3 Test severity levels
Annexes
. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 7
A Function performance status classification (FPSC)
9
Constant peak test level . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .*.
B
0 IS0 1995
All rights reserved. Unless otherwise specified, no part of this publication may be reproduced
or utilized in any form or by any means, electronic or mechanical, including photocopying and
microfilm, without permission in writing from the publisher.
International Organization for Standardization
Case Postale 56 l CH-1211 Geneve 20 l Switzerland
Printed in Switzerland
ii
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0 IS0 IS0 11452-1:1995(E)
Foreword
IS0 (the International Organization for Standardization) is a worldwide
federation of national standards bodies (IS0 member bodies). The work
of preparing International Standards is normally carried out through IS0
technical committees. Each member body interested in a subject for
which a technical committee has been established has the right to be
represented on that committee. International organizations, governmental
and non-governmental, in liaison with ISO, also take part in the work. IS0
collaborates closely with the International Electrotechnical Commission
(IEC) on all matters of electrotechnical standardization.
Draft International Standards adopted by the technical committees are
circulated to the member bodies for voting. Publication as an International
Standard requires approval by at least 75 % of the member bodies casting
a vote.
International Standard IS0 11452-l was prepared by Technical Committee
lSO/TC 22, Road vehicles, Subcommittee SC 3, Electrical and electronic
equipment.
IS0 11452 consists of the following parts, under the general title Road
vehicles - Electrical disturbances by narrowband radiated electro-
magnetic energy - Component test methods:
- Part 1: General and definitions
- Part 2: Absorber-lined chamber
- Part 3: Transverse electromagnetic mode (TEM) cell
- Part 4: Bulk current injection (BCI)
- Part 5: Stripline
- Part 6: Parallel plate antenna
- Part 7: Direct radio frequency (RF) power injection
Annex A forms an integral part of this part of IS0 11452. Annex B is for
information only.
. . .
III
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0 IS0
IS0 11452-1:1995(E)
During recent years, an increasing number of electronic devices have been
introduced into vehicle designs in order to control, monitor and display
various functions. It is necessary to consider the electrical and electro-
magnetic environment in which these devices are required to operate.
Electrical and radio-frequency disturbances occur during normal operation
of many items of motor vehicle equipment. They are generated over a
wide frequency range with various electrical characteristics and may be
distributed to on-board electronic devices and systems by conduction
and/or radiation.
Narrowband signals generated from sources on-board or off-board the
vehicle could also be coupled into the electrical/electronic system, affect-
ing the normal performance of electronic devices. Sources of narrowband
electromagnetic disturbances are mobile radios, broadcast transmitters,
etc.
The characteristics of the immunity of components to radiated disturb-
ances have to be established. It is the intention of IS0 11452 to provide
various test methods for the analysis of component electromagnetic
compatibility (EMC). Not all test methods need to be used for a given de-
vice under test. For example, stripline, transverse electromagnetic mode
(TEM) cell and parallel plate test methods provide very similar exposure
to the device under test. Only the tests necessary to replicate the use and
mounting location of the device under test need to be included in the test
plan. This will help to ensure a technically and economically optimized
design for potentially susceptible components and systems.
It should also be noted that IS0 11452 is not intended to be a product
specification and cannot function as one (see A.2). Therefore, no specific
values for the test severity level are given, since they should be deter-
mined for each component by the vehicle manufacturer and supplier(s).
Protection from potential disturbances has to be considered as a part of
total vehicle validation (as described in IS0 11451) which covers vehicle
test methods. It is important to know the correlation between laboratory
and vehicle tests.
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INTERNATIONAL STANDARD 0 IS0 IS0 11452-1:1995(E)
Road vehicles - Electrical disturbances
by narrowband radiated electromagnetic energy -
Component test methods -
Part 1:
General and definitions
IS0 maintain registers of currently valid International
1 Scope
Standards.
This part of IS0 11452 defines basic terms used in
IS0 11451-l :1995, Road vehicles - Electrical dis-
the various parts of IS0 11452 for electrical disturb-
turbances by narrowband radiated electromagnetic
ances by narrowband radiated electromagnetic energy
energy - Vehicle test methods - Part 1: General
in component test methods. It also gives general
and definitions.
information relating to, and common to, all parts of
IS0 11452. It applies to all types of road vehicles re-
gardless of the propulsion system (e.g. spark-ignition
engine, diesel engine, electric motor).
3 Definitions
Parts 2 to 7 of IS0 11452 present various test
For the purposes of all parts of IS0 11452, the fol-
methods to evaluate the immunity of components,
lowing definitions apply.
used in road vehicles, to radiated disturbances. The
electromagnetic disturbances considered in these
3.1 electromagnetic compatibility (EMC): Ability
parts are limited to continuous narrowband electro-
of an equipment or system to function satisfactorily
magnetic energy. Typical severity levels are included
in its electromagnetic environment without introduc-
in an annex to each part.
ing intolerable electromagnetic disturbances to any-
thing in that environment.
The various parts of IS0 11452 allow a wide fre-
quency range (10 kHz to 18 000 MHz) for immunity
[Adapted from IEC 50:1990-161-01-071
testing of components.
3.2 electromagnetic disturbance: Any electro-
magnetic phenomenon which may degrade the per-
formance of a device, equipment or system, or ad-
2 Normative reference
versely affect living or inert matter.
The following standard contains provisions which,
[Adapted from IEC 50:1990-l 61-01-051
through reference in this text, constitute provisions
of this part of IS0 11452. At the time of publication,
3.3 electromagnetic interference (EMI): Degra-
the edition indicated was valid. All standards are sub-
dation of the performance of equipment, transmission
ject to revision, and parties to agreements based on
channel or system caused by an electromagnetic dis-
this part of IS0 11452 are encouraged to investigate
turbance.
the possibility of applying the most recent edition of
[Adapted from IEC 50:1990-l 61-01-061
the standard indicated below. Members of IEC and
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0 IS0
IS0 11452-1:1995(E)
3.4 degradation (of performance): Undesired de- 3.12 standing wave ratio (SWR); voltage stand-
ing wave ratio (VSWR): Ratio, along a transmission
parture in the operational performance of any device,
line, of a maximum to an adjacent minimum magni-
equipment or system from its intended performance.
tude of a particular field component of a standing
[Adapted from IEC 50:1990-l 61-01-l 91
wave.
[Adapted from I EC 50: 1982-726-07-091
3.5 immunity (to a disturbance): Ability of a de-
vice, equipment or system to perform without degra-
3.13 polarization (of a wave or field vector):
dation in the presence of an electromagnetic
Property of a sinusoidal electromagnetic wave or field
disturbance.
vector defined at a fixed point in space by the direc-
tion of the electric field strength vector or of any
[Adapted from IEC 50:1990-l 61-01-201
specified field vector; when this direction varies with
time the property may be characterized by the locus
3.6 (electromagnetic) susceptibility: Inability of a
described by the extremity of the considered field
device, equipment or system to perform without
vector.
degradation in the presence of an electromagnetic
disturbance.
[Adapted from IEC 50:1982-726-04-011
[Adapted from IEC 50:1990-161-01-211
3.14 shielded enclosure: Mesh or sheet metallic
housing designed expressly for the purpose of separ-
ating electromagnetically the internal and external en-
3.7 immunity level: Maximum level of a given
vironment.
electromagnetic disturbance incident on a particular
device, equipment or system for which it remains
[Adapted from I EC 50: 1990-I 61-04-371
capable of operating at a required degree of perform-
ance.
3.15 ground (reference) plane: Flat conductive
surface whose potential is used as a common refer-
[Adapted from I EC 50: 1990-l 61-03-I 41
ence.
3.8 narrowband emission: Emission which has a
[Adapted from I EC 50: 1990-I 61-04-361
bandwidth less than that of a particular measuring
apparatus or receiver.
3.16 stripline: Terminated transmission line con-
sisting of two parallel plates between which a wave
[Adapted from I EC 50: 1990-l 61-06-l 31
is propagated in the transverse electromagnetic mode
to produce a specified field for testing purposes.
3.9 broadband emission: Emission which has a
[Adapted from IEC 50:1990-161-04-311
bandwidth greater than that of a particular measuring
apparatus or receiver.
3.17 TEM mode: Mode in which both the longitudi-
nal components of the electric and magnetic field
[Adapted from IEC 50:1990-l 61-06-I I]
strength vectors are everywhere zero.
3.10 (electromagnetic) radiation:
[Adapted from I EC 50: 1982-726-03-081
(I) Phenomenon by which energy in the form of
3.18 TEM cell: Enclosed system, often a rectangular
electromagnetic waves emanates from a source into
coaxial line, in which a wave is propagated in the
space.
transverse electromagnetic mode to produce a speci-
fied field for testing purposes.
(2) Energy transferred through space in the form of
electromagnetic waves.
[Adapted from I EC 50: 1990-I 61-04-321
[Adapted from IEC 50:1990-l 61-01-I 0]
3.19 current probe: Device for measuring the cur-
rent in a conductor without interrupting the conductor
3.11 coupling: Means or device for transferring and without introducing significant impedance into the
power between systems. associated circuits.
[Adapted from I EC 50: 1982-726-l 4-O I] [Adapted from I EC 50: 1990-I 61-04-351
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0 IS0 IS0 11452=1:1995(E)
3.20 directional coupler: Four-port device consist-
4 General aim and practical use
ing of two transmission lines coupled together in such
a manner that a single travelling wave in any one The recommended test methods, procedures, test
transmission line will induce a single travelling wave instrumentation and levels presented in all parts of
in the other, the direction of propagation of the latter IS0 11452 are intended to facilitate component
specification for electrical disturbance by narrowband
wave being dependent upon that of the former.
radiated electromagnetic energy. A basis is provided
[Adapted from I EC 50: 1982-726-l 4-021
for mutual agreement between vehicle manufacturers
and component suppliers which is intended to assist
3.21 artificial network (AN): Network inserted in
rather than restrict them.
the supply leads of apparatus to be tested which
Certain devices are particularly susceptible to some
provides, in a given frequency range, a specified load
characteristics of electromagnetic disturbance, such
impedance for the measurement of disturbance volt-
as frequency, severity level, type of coupling or
ages and which isolates the apparatus from the power
modulation.
supply in that frequency range.
Electronic devices are sometimes more susceptible
NOTE 1 This term is used in all parts of IS0 11452 ex-
to modulated, as opposed to unmodulated, radio-
cept IS0 11452-7.
frequency (RF) signals. The reason is that high-
frequency disturbances may be demodulated by
3.22 parallel plate antenna: Electric field generat-
semiconductors. In the case of continuous wave (CW)
ing antenna with a set of parallel arms.
signals this leads to a continuous shift of, for example,
a voltage; in the case of AM signals the resulting
3.23 absorber-lined chamber: Shielded room with
low-frequency fluctuations may be interpreted as
absorbing material on its internal reflective surfaces.
wanted signals (e.g. speed information) and thus dis-
turb the function of the device under test more se-
NOTE 2 The floor may optionally be excluded.
verely.
3.24 bulk current: Total amount of common mode
A single standard test may not reveal all the necess-
current in a harness.
ary information about the device under test. It is
necessary to anticipate the appropriate test con-
ditions, select applicable parts of IS0 11452 and de-
3.25 broadband artificial network (BAN): Device
fine function performance objectives. The main
that presents a controlled impedance to the device
characteristics of each test method in IS0 11452,
under test over a specified frequency range while al-
parts 2 to 7, are presented in
...
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