ISO 22453:2021
(Main)Exchange of information on rare earth elements in industrial wastes and end-of-life cycled products
Exchange of information on rare earth elements in industrial wastes and end-of-life cycled products
This document specifies methods of information exchange between waste handlers and recyclers for rare earth elements (REEs) contained in industrial waste and end-of-life (EOL) products. This document facilitates the efficient recycling of REEs so that dependency on mining can be reduced by promotion of REE recycling. This document also includes a generic life cycle of the REE recycling process.
Échange de données sur les éléments de terres rares dans les déchets industriels et les produits en fin de vie en vue de leur recyclage
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INTERNATIONAL ISO
STANDARD 22453
First edition
2021-06
Exchange of information on rare earth
elements in industrial wastes and end-
of-life cycled products
Échange de données sur les éléments de terres rares dans les déchets
industriels et les produits en fin de vie en vue de leur recyclage
Reference number
ISO 22453:2021(E)
©
ISO 2021
---------------------- Page: 1 ----------------------
ISO 22453:2021(E)
COPYRIGHT PROTECTED DOCUMENT
© ISO 2021
All rights reserved. Unless otherwise specified, or required in the context of its implementation, no part of this publication may
be reproduced or utilized otherwise in any form or by any means, electronic or mechanical, including photocopying, or posting
on the internet or an intranet, without prior written permission. Permission can be requested from either ISO at the address
below or ISO’s member body in the country of the requester.
ISO copyright office
CP 401 • Ch. de Blandonnet 8
CH-1214 Vernier, Geneva
Phone: +41 22 749 01 11
Email: copyright@iso.org
Website: www.iso.org
Published in Switzerland
ii © ISO 2021 – All rights reserved
---------------------- Page: 2 ----------------------
ISO 22453:2021(E)
Contents Page
Foreword .iv
Introduction .v
1 Scope . 1
2 Normative references . 1
3 Terms and definitions . 1
4 General principles . 2
5 Generic life cycle of the REE recycling process . 2
6 Labelling methods. 3
6.1 General . 3
6.2 QR codes . 3
6.3 RFID . 4
7 Label contents . 4
8 Data exchange . 4
Annex A (informative) Measurement example . 5
Bibliography . 6
© ISO 2021 – All rights reserved iii
---------------------- Page: 3 ----------------------
ISO 22453:2021(E)
Foreword
ISO (the International Organization for Standardization) is a worldwide federation of national standards
bodies (ISO member bodies). The work of preparing International Standards is normally carried out
through ISO technical committees. Each member body interested in a subject for which a technical
committee has been established has the right to be represented on that committee. International
organizations, governmental and non-governmental, in liaison with ISO, also take part in the work.
ISO collaborates closely with the International Electrotechnical Commission (IEC) on all matters of
electrotechnical standardization.
The procedures used to develop this document and those intended for its further maintenance are
described in the ISO/IEC Directives, Part 1. In particular, the different approval criteria needed for the
different types of ISO documents should be noted. This document was drafted in accordance with the
editorial rules of the ISO/IEC Directives, Part 2 (see www .iso .org/ directives).
Attention is drawn to the possibility that some of the elements of this document may be the subject of
patent rights. ISO shall not be held responsible for identifying any or all such patent rights. Details of
any patent rights identified during the development of the document will be in the Introduction and/or
on the ISO list of patent declarations received (see www .iso .org/ patents).
Any trade name used in this document is information given for the convenience of users and does not
constitute an endorsement.
For an explanation of the voluntary nature of standards, the meaning of ISO specific terms and
expressions related to conformity assessment, as well as information about ISO’s adherence to the
World Trade Organization (WTO) principles in the Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT), see www .iso .org/
iso/ foreword .html.
This document was prepared by Technical Committee ISO/TC 298, Rare earth.
Any feedback or questions on this document should be directed to the user’s national standards body. A
complete listing of these bodies can be found at www .iso .org/ members .html.
iv © ISO 2021 – All rights reserved
---------------------- Page: 4 ----------------------
ISO 22453:2021(E)
Introduction
Rare earth elements (REEs) have become essential for a wide range of industrial applications including
electric vehicles, batteries, smartphones, displays, transparent lenses, optical fibre and so on. Due to
these varied, important applications, REEs are referred to as “vitamins of industry”. In order to ensure
the successful use of these vitamins, supply to the industry should be smooth. However, resource
scarcity creates an imbalance between supply and demand. Therefore, the importance of REEs
is increasingly significant. In order to overcome resource scarcity, the recycling or urban mining of
industrial waste and end-of-life (EOL) cycle products is necessary.
For recyclers, it is of utmost importance to know what kind of REEs are present in the waste or scrap
material, and how much can be extracted. In order to facilitate recycling, it is important to define what
information is required by the recycler, and to establish a standard method of information exchange on
REEs in industrial waste and EOL products.
Due to the lack of a standardized system and communication exchange mechanism between waste
handlers and recyclers, the ability to recycle currently lags behind what it should be. There are
many producers of the same product, but compositions and concentrations are different, which
makes it difficult and complicated for recyclers to obtain exact information about the elements being
recycled. Furthermore, if the producer and the recycler are located in different countries, information
reliability and cross-border transaction of information exchange is problematic. Therefore, a system of
information exchange between the waste handler and the recycler is needed.
This document contains a system of information exchange between waste handlers and recyclers
about REEs in industrial waste and EOL products. The system of information exchange involves a data
exchange mechanism such as quick response (QR) codes and radio frequency identification (RFID).
© ISO 2021 – All rights reserved v
---------------------- Page: 5 ----------------------
INTERNATIONAL STANDARD ISO 22453:2021(E)
Exchange of information on rare earth elements in
industrial wastes and end-of-life cycled products
1 Scope
This document specifies methods of information exchange between waste handlers and recyclers for
rare earth elements (REEs) contained in industrial waste and end-of-life (EOL) products. This document
facilitates the efficient recycling of REEs so that dependency on mining can be reduced by promotion of
REE recycling.
This document also includes a generic life cycle of the REE recycling process.
2 Normative references
The following documents are referred to in the text in such a way that some or all of their content
constitutes requirements of this document. For dated references, only
...
FINAL
INTERNATIONAL ISO/FDIS
DRAFT
STANDARD 22453
ISO/TC 298
Exchange of information on rare earth
Secretariat: SAC
elements in industrial wastes and end-
Voting begins on:
20210329 of-life cycled products
Voting terminates on:
20210524
RECIPIENTS OF THIS DRAFT ARE INVITED TO
SUBMIT, WITH THEIR COMMENTS, NOTIFICATION
OF ANY RELEVANT PATENT RIGHTS OF WHICH
THEY ARE AWARE AND TO PROVIDE SUPPOR TING
DOCUMENTATION.
IN ADDITION TO THEIR EVALUATION AS
Reference number
BEING ACCEPTABLE FOR INDUSTRIAL, TECHNO
ISO/FDIS 22453:2021(E)
LOGICAL, COMMERCIAL AND USER PURPOSES,
DRAFT INTERNATIONAL STANDARDS MAY ON
OCCASION HAVE TO BE CONSIDERED IN THE
LIGHT OF THEIR POTENTIAL TO BECOME STAN
DARDS TO WHICH REFERENCE MAY BE MADE IN
©
NATIONAL REGULATIONS. ISO 2021
---------------------- Page: 1 ----------------------
ISO/FDIS 22453:2021(E)
COPYRIGHT PROTECTED DOCUMENT
© ISO 2021
All rights reserved. Unless otherwise specified, or required in the context of its implementation, no part of this publication may
be reproduced or utilized otherwise in any form or by any means, electronic or mechanical, including photocopying, or posting
on the internet or an intranet, without prior written permission. Permission can be requested from either ISO at the address
below or ISO’s member body in the country of the requester.
ISO copyright office
CP 401 • Ch. de Blandonnet 8
CH1214 Vernier, Geneva
Phone: +41 22 749 01 11
Email: copyright@iso.org
Website: www.iso.org
Published in Switzerland
ii © ISO 2021 – All rights reserved
---------------------- Page: 2 ----------------------
ISO/FDIS 22453:2021(E)
Contents Page
Foreword .iv
Introduction .v
1 Scope . 1
2 Normative references . 1
3 Terms and definitions . 1
4 General principles . 2
5 Generic life cycle of the REE recycling process . 2
6 Labelling methods. 3
6.1 General . 3
6.2 QR codes . 3
6.3 RFID . 4
7 Label contents . 4
8 Data exchange . 4
Annex A (informative) Measurement example . 5
Bibliography . 6
© ISO 2021 – All rights reserved iii
---------------------- Page: 3 ----------------------
ISO/FDIS 22453:2021(E)
Foreword
ISO (the International Organization for Standardization) is a worldwide federation of national standards
bodies (ISO member bodies). The work of preparing International Standards is normally carried out
through ISO technical committees. Each member body interested in a subject for which a technical
committee has been established has the right to be represented on that committee. International
organizations, governmental and nongovernmental, in liaison with ISO, also take part in the work.
ISO collaborates closely with the International Electrotechnical Commission (IEC) on all matters of
electrotechnical standardization.
The procedures used to develop this document and those intended for its further maintenance are
described in the ISO/IEC Directives, Part 1. In particular, the different approval criteria needed for the
different types of ISO documents should be noted. This document was drafted in accordance with the
editorial rules of the ISO/IEC Directives, Part 2 (see www .iso .org/ directives).
Attention is drawn to the possibility that some of the elements of this document may be the subject of
patent rights. ISO shall not be held responsible for identifying any or all such patent rights. Details of
any patent rights identified during the development of the document will be in the Introduction and/or
on the ISO list of patent declarations received (see www .iso .org/ patents).
Any trade name used in this document is information given for the convenience of users and does not
constitute an endorsement.
For an explanation of the voluntary nature of standards, the meaning of ISO specific terms and
expressions related to conformity assessment, as well as information about ISO's adherence to the
World Trade Organization (WTO) principles in the Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT), see www .iso .org/
iso/ foreword .html.
This document was prepared by Technical Committee ISO/TC 298, Rare earth.
Any feedback or questions on this document should be directed to the user’s national standards body. A
complete listing of these bodies can be found at www .iso .org/ members .html.
iv © ISO 2021 – All rights reserved
---------------------- Page: 4 ----------------------
ISO/FDIS 22453:2021(E)
Introduction
Rare earth elements (REEs) have become essential for a wide range of industrial applications including
electric vehicles, batteries, smartphones, displays, transparent lenses, optical fibre and so on. Due to
these varied, important applications, REEs are referred to as “vitamins of industry”. In order to ensure
the successful use of these vitamins, supply to the industry should be smooth. However, resource
scarcity creates an imbalance between supply and demand. Therefore, the importance of REEs
is increasingly significant. In order to overcome resource scarcity, the recycling or urban mining of
industrial waste and end-of-life (EOL) cycle products is necessary.
For recyclers, it is of utmost importance to know what kind of REEs are present in the waste or scrap
material, and how much can be extracted. In order to facilitate recycling, it is important to define what
information is required by the recycler, and to establish a standard method of information exchange on
REEs in industrial waste and EOL products.
Due to the lack of a standardized system and communication exchange mechanism between waste
handlers and recyclers, the ability to recycle currently lags behind what it should be. There are
many producers of the same product, but compositions and concentrations are different, which
makes it difficult and complicated for recyclers to obtain exact information about the elements being
recycled. Furthermore, if the producer and the recycler are located in different countries, information
reliability and cross-border transaction of information exchange is problematic. Therefore, a system of
information exchange between the waste handler and the recycler is needed.
This document contains a system of information exchange between waste handlers and recyclers
about REEs in industrial waste and EOL products. The system of information exchange involves a data
exchange mechanism such as quick response (QR) codes and radio frequency identification (RFID).
© ISO 2021 – All rights reserved v
---------------------- Page: 5 ----------------------
FINAL DRAFT INTERNATIONAL STANDARD ISO/FDIS 22453:2021(E)
Exchange of information on rare earth elements in
industrial wastes and end-of-life cycled products
1 Scope
This document specifies methods of information exchange between waste handlers and recyclers for
rare earth elements (REEs) contained in industrial waste and endoflife (EOL) products. This document
facilitates the efficient recycling of REEs so that dependency on mining can be reduced by promotion of
REE recycling.
This document a
...
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