ISO 12466-1:2007

Plywood - Bonding quality - Part 1: Test methods

ISO 12466-1:2007 specifies methods for determining the bonding quality of plywood, blockboard, battenboard, and laminboard, bonded with thermosetting resin, by shear testing.

Contreplaqué — Qualité du collage — Partie 1: Méthodes d'essai

General Information

• Status: Published
• Publication Date: 06-Nov-2007
• ICS: 79.060.10 - Plywood
• Technical Committee: ISO/TC 89/SC 3 - Plywood
• Drafting Committee: ISO/TC 89/SC 3 - Plywood
• Current Stage: 9060 - Close of review
• Completion Date: 04-Jun-2029

Relations

• Amended By: ISO 12466-1:2007/Amd 1:2013 - Plywood - Bonding quality - Part 1: Test methods - Amendment 1
• Effective Date: 17-Jul-2021
• Revises: ISO 12466-1:1999 - Plywood - Bonding quality - Part 1: Test methods
• Effective Date: 15-Apr-2008

Overview

ISO 12466-1:2007 - "Plywood - Bonding quality - Part 1: Test methods" defines standardized laboratory methods to determine the bonding quality of plywood, blockboard, battenboard, and laminboard bonded with thermosetting resin. The standard focuses on assessing bond performance by shear testing, recording shear strength and the proportion of apparent cohesive wood failure. It is the test-methods companion to ISO 12466-2 (requirements).

Key topics and technical requirements

• Scope: Applies to panels bonded with thermosetting resin; correlations to other methods are permitted if demonstrated.
• Sampling and test pieces: Sampling per ISO 16999; test pieces cut so the grain between glue lines is perpendicular to length. Typical shear area dimensions specified (e.g., shear width b = 25 ± 0.5 mm; shear length l = 25 ± 0.5 mm) and saw-cut guidance (2.5–4 mm).
• Pre-treatment procedures: Defined conditioning regimes prior to testing, including:
  • 24 h cold soak (≥17 °C)
  • 6 h boil (followed by cooling)
  • BDB (boil–dry–boil sequence)
  • Vacuum/pressure (VP) cycle (85 kPa vacuum then 450–480 kPa pressure)
  • 72 h boil
  • Steam (autoclave at 200 ± 7 kPa for 6 h)
• Apparatus: Temperature-controlled baths, boiling tanks, ventilated drying oven (60 ± 3 °C), vacuum-pressure chamber, autoclave, and tensile testing machine with serrated wedge grips (±1% load accuracy).
• Test procedure:
  • Measure shear area to 0.1 mm accuracy.
  • Load applied so failure occurs in (30 ± 10) s.
  • Record failure load and calculate shear strength τ = F / (l · b) (MPa).
  • Dry specimens and determine percentage apparent cohesive wood failure by comparison with reference illustrations (Annex A) in 10% increments.
• Alternative QC method: Annex B describes the chisel/knife test for rapid bond evaluation suitable for quality control only.
• Reporting: Test report per ISO 16999 including mean shear strength, standard deviation, average percentage cohesive wood failure, pre-treatment details, and reference to ISO 12466-1.

Applications and users

• Manufacturers of plywood, blockboard, laminboard, and battenboard to verify bond performance and process control.
• Quality assurance and laboratory personnel performing bond testing and reporting results.
• Specifiers and buyers who need reproducible bond quality data for procurement or compliance.
• R&D teams developing adhesives and layup processes for thermosetting resins.

Related standards

• ISO 12466-2 - Plywood: Bonding quality - Part 2: Requirements (acceptance criteria).
• ISO 16999 - Wood-based panels: Sampling and cutting of test pieces (sampling and specimen preparation).

Keywords: ISO 12466-1, plywood bonding quality, shear test, bonding test methods, thermosetting resin, shear strength, cohesive wood failure, plywood test methods.

Standards Content (Sample)

INTERNATIONAL ISO
STANDARD 12466-1
Second edition
2007-11-15
Plywood — Bonding quality —
Part 1:
Test methods
Contreplaqué — Qualité du collage —
Partie 1: Méthodes d'essai
Reference number
©
ISO 2007
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ii © ISO 2007 – All rights reserved

Contents Page
Foreword. iv
1 Scope . 1
2 Normative references . 1
3 Test pieces . 1
3.1 Sampling. 1
3.2 Shape and size. 1
4 Apparatus . 5
4.1 Pre-treatment. 5
4.2 Shear test. 5
5 Pre-treatment. 5
5.1 Sequence of pre-treatment . 5
5.2 Positioning of test pieces . 5
6 Procedure . 6
6.1 Determination of behaviour of ply bonding by shear test. 6
6.2 Determination of percentage of apparent cohesive wood failure . 6
6.3 Alternative procedure. 6
7 Expression of results . 6
8 Test report . 7
Annex A (normative) Determination of percentage of apparent cohesive wood failure by
comparison with reference illustrations. 8
Annex B (normative) Bond testing and evaluation using the chisel/knife testing procedures
(suitable for quality control purposes only) .12
Bibliography . 16

Foreword
ISO (the International Organization for Standardization) is a worldwide federation of national standards bodies
(ISO member bodies). The work of preparing International Standards is normally carried out through ISO
technical committees. Each member body interested in a subject for which a technical committee has been
established has the right to be represented on that committee. International organizations, governmental and
non-governmental, in liaison with ISO, also take part in the work. ISO collaborates closely with the
International Electrotechnical Commission (IEC) on all matters of electrotechnical standardization.
International Standards are drafted in accordance with the rules given in the ISO/IEC Directives, Part 2.
The main task of technical committees is to prepare International Standards. Draft International Standards
adopted by the technical committees are circulated to the member bodies for voting. Publication as an
International Standard requires approval by at least 75 % of the member bodies casting a vote.
Attention is drawn to the possibility that some of the elements of this document may be the subject of patent
rights. ISO shall not be held responsible for identifying any or all such patent rights.
ISO 12466-1 was prepared by Technical Committee ISO/TC 89, Wood-based panels, Subcommittee SC 3,
Plywood.
This second edition cancels and replaces the first edition (ISO 12466-1:1999), which has been technically
revised.
ISO 12466 consists of the following parts, under the general title Plywood — Bonding quality:
⎯ Part 1: Test methods
⎯ Part 2: Requirements
iv © ISO 2007 – All rights reserved

INTERNATIONAL STANDARD ISO 12466-1:2007(E)

Plywood — Bonding quality —
Part 1:
Test methods
1 Scope
This part of ISO 12466 specifies methods for determining the bonding quality of plywood, blockboard,
battenboard, and laminboard, bonded with thermosetting resin, by shear testing.
NOTE If it is possible to demonstrate a correlation between the methods defined in this part of ISO 12466 and other
methods, these may be used.
2 Normative references
The following referenced documents are indispensable for the application of this document. For dated
references, only the edition cited applies. For undated references, the latest edition of the referenced
document (including any amendments) applies.
ISO 12466-2, Plywood — Bonding quality — Part 2: Requirements
ISO 16999, Wood-based panels — Sampling and cutting of test pieces
3 Test pieces
3.1 Sampling
Sampling shall be in accordance with ISO 16999.
Test pieces shall be without any visible defect in the testing area.
3.2 Shape and size
The test pieces shall be prepared as shown in Figures 1, 2 and 3.
Each test piece shall be cut so that the grain direction of the layer (ply) between the glue lines under test is
perpendicular to the length of the test piece.
The test pieces shall be prepared and nicking (saw cuts) made to allow the examination of each glue line of
the panel. The saw cuts shall extend inside the layer.
Test pieces of full-panel thickness may be used for panels with three to nine layers (plies). For panels of more
than nine layers, excess layers shall be removed by planing, cutting or sanding.
Key
b = (25 ± 0,5) mm shear width (width of test piece)
b = 2,5 mm to 4 mm saw cut width
l = (25 ± 0,5) mm shear length
l = 50 mm minimum distance between clamps
thickness = panel thickness
a
Along the grain direction.
Figure 1 — Test piece example for a 7-ply veneer plywood
2 © ISO 2007 – All rights reserved

a)  part 1 b)  part 2
c)  bonding of the faces of the two parts and grooving
Key
1 face
2 back face
3 saw cuts throughout the face layers
b
4 faces of part 1 and part 2
5 glue-line not subject to the shear test
b = (25 ± 0,5) mm shear width
b = 2,5 mm to 4 mm saw cut width
l = (25 ± 0,5) mm shear length
l = 50 mm minimum distance between clamps
a
Along the grain direction.
b
The same set-up shall be made for the back face of part 1 and part 2.
Figure 2 — Composite test piece for blockboard and laminboard
a)  part 1 b)  part 2
c)  bonding of the faces of the two parts and grooving
Key
1 face
2 back face
3 saw cuts throughout the face layers
b
4 faces of part 1 and part 2
5 glue-line not subject to the shear test
b = (25 ± 0,5) mm shear width
b = 2,5 mm to 4 mm saw cut width
l = (25 ± 0,5) mm shear length
l = 50 mm minimum distance between clamps
a
Along the grain direction.
b
The same set-up shall be made for the back face of part 1 and part 2.
Figure 3 — Composite test piece for thin-face plywood panel
4 © ISO 2007 – All rights reserved

4 Apparatus
4.1 Pre-treatment
4.1.1 Temperature-controlled water bath suitable for immersing test pieces and capable of maintaining a
minimum temperature of 17 °C.
4.1.2 Boiling tank enabling test pieces to be immersed in boiling water.
4.1.3 Ventilated drying oven capable of maintaining a temperature of (60 ± 3) °C at all points.
4.1.4 Vacuum pressure chamber capable of maintaining in water at room temperature a vacuum of
85 kPa for 30 min followed immediately by application of pressure of 450 kPa to 480 kPa for 30 min.
4.1.5 Autoclave capable of maintaining steam pressure at (200 ± 7) kPa for 6 h ± 15 min.
4.2 Shear test
Tensile testing machine fitted with serrated wedge action grips, capable of operating continuously and
measuring the load to an accuracy: ± 1 %.
5 Pre-treatment
5.1 Sequence of pre-treatment
The choice of pre-treatment, described in 5.1.1 to 5.1.6, for particular plywood classes, shall be made in
accordance with ISO 12466-2.
5.1.1 24 h Cold soak: immersion for 24 h in water at a temperature not lower than 17 °C.
NOTE (20 ± 3) °C can be considered as a test reference temperature.
5.1.2 6 h Boil: immersion for 6 h in boiling water, followed by cooling in water at less than 30 °C for at least
1 h.
5.1.3 BDB: immersion for 4 h in boiling water, then drying in the ventilated drying oven for 16 h to 20 h at
(60 ± 3) °C, then immersion in boiling water for 4 h, followed by cooling in water at less than 30 °C for at least
1 h.
5.1.4 VP: test specimens are immersed in water at room temperature and a vacuum of 85 kPa is applied for
30 min followed by the immediate application of a pressure of 450 kPa to 480 kPa for 30min.
5.1.5 72 h Boil: immersion for (72 ± 1) h in boiling water, followed by cooling in water at less than 30 °C for
at least 1 h.
5.1.6 Steam: specimens are placed in steam at (200 ± 7) kPa pressure for 6 h ± 15 min followed by cooling
for at least 1 h in water at less than 30 °C.
5.2 Positioning of test pieces
The test pieces shall be placed, well separated and free to move, in a wire basket. During soaking, each test
piece shall remain completely immersed in water.
6 Procedure
6.1 Determination of behaviour of ply bonding by shear test
Before the water treatment, measure the length and width of the shear area to an accuracy of 0,1 mm and
...