ISO 14993:2018
(Main)Corrosion of metals and alloys — Accelerated testing involving cyclic exposure to salt mist, dry and wet conditions
Corrosion of metals and alloys — Accelerated testing involving cyclic exposure to salt mist, dry and wet conditions
This document specifies the apparatus and test procedure to be used in conducting accelerated corrosion tests for the comparative evaluation of metallic materials with or without permanent corrosion protection or temporary corrosion protection in salt-contaminated outdoor environments. The test involves cyclic exposure of the specimens to neutral salt mist, "dry" and "wet" conditions. The type of test specimen and the exposure period are not specified. The particular advantages of this test over common accelerated tests such as the neutral salt spray (NSS) test lie in its ability to better reproduce the corrosion that occurs in outdoor salt-contaminated environments. This document is applicable to — metals and their alloys, — metallic coatings (anodic and cathodic), — conversion coatings, — anodic oxide coatings, and — organic coatings on metallic materials. NOTE Methods of test for coatings to determine their resistance, in the presence of scribe marks through to the substrate, to various cyclic corrosion conditions which include the condensation of water on the test specimens during periods of humidity are given in ISO 11997-1.
Corrosion des métaux et alliages — Essais accélérés comprenant des expositions cycliques à des conditions de brouillard salin, de séchage et d'humidité
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INTERNATIONAL ISO
STANDARD 14993
Second edition
2018-07
Corrosion of metals and alloys —
Accelerated testing involving cyclic
exposure to salt mist, dry and wet
conditions
Corrosion des métaux et alliages — Essais accélérés comprenant des
expositions cycliques à des conditions de brouillard salin, de séchage
et d'humidité
Reference number
©
ISO 2018
© ISO 2018
All rights reserved. Unless otherwise specified, or required in the context of its implementation, no part of this publication may
be reproduced or utilized otherwise in any form or by any means, electronic or mechanical, including photocopying, or posting
on the internet or an intranet, without prior written permission. Permission can be requested from either ISO at the address
below or ISO’s member body in the country of the requester.
ISO copyright office
CP 401 • Ch. de Blandonnet 8
CH-1214 Vernier, Geneva
Phone: +41 22 749 01 11
Fax: +41 22 749 09 47
Email: copyright@iso.org
Website: www.iso.org
Published in Switzerland
ii © ISO 2018 – All rights reserved
Contents Page
Foreword .iv
Introduction .v
1 Scope . 1
2 Normative references . 1
3 Terms and definitions . 2
4 Test solution . 2
4.1 General . 2
4.2 Preparation of the sodium chloride solution . 2
4.3 pH adjustment . 2
5 Apparatus . 3
5.1 Component protection . 3
5.2 Exposure equipment . 3
6 Test specimens. 4
7 Arrangement of the test specimens . 4
8 Operating conditions . 5
9 Continuity of tests . 6
10 Duration of tests . 6
11 Treatment of test specimens after testing . 6
11.1 General . 6
11.2 Non-organic coated test specimens: metallic and/or inorganic coated . 6
11.3 Organic coated test specimens . 6
11.3.1 Scribed organic coated test specimens . 6
11.3.2 Organic coated but not scribed test specimens . 7
12 Evaluation of results . 7
13 Test report . 7
Annex A (informative) Typical apparatus for cyclic salt mist, dry and wet corrosion tests .9
Annex B (informative) Method for evaluation of the corrosivity of the apparatus .11
Annex C (normative) Preparation of test specimens with organic coatings for testing .13
Annex D (normative) Required supplementary information for testing test specimens with
organic coatings .14
Bibliography .15
Foreword
ISO (the International Organization for Standardization) is a worldwide federation of national standards
bodies (ISO member bodies). The work of preparing International Standards is normally carried out
through ISO technical committees. Each member body interested in a subject for which a technical
committee has been established has the right to be represented on that committee. International
organizations, governmental and non-governmental, in liaison with ISO, also take part in the work.
ISO collaborates closely with the International Electrotechnical Commission (IEC) on all matters of
electrotechnical standardization.
The procedures used to develop this document and those intended for its further maintenance are
described in the ISO/IEC Directives, Part 1. In particular, the different approval criteria needed for the
different types of ISO documents should be noted. This document was drafted in accordance with the
editorial rules of the ISO/IEC Directives, Part 2 (see www .iso .org/directives).
Attention is drawn to the possibility that some of the elements of this document may be the subject of
patent rights. ISO shall not be held responsible for identifying any or all such patent rights. Details of
any patent rights identified during the development of the document will be in the Introduction and/or
on the ISO list of patent declarations received (see www .iso .org/patents).
Any trade name used in this document is information given for the convenience of users and does not
constitute an endorsement.
For an explanation of the voluntary nature of standards, the meaning of ISO specific terms and
expressions related to conformity assessment, as well as information about ISO’s adherence to the
World Trade Organization (WTO) principles in the Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) see www .iso
.org/iso/foreword .html.
This document was prepared by Technical Committee ISO/TC 156, Corrosion of metals and alloys.
This second edition cancels and replaces the first edition (ISO 14993:2001), which has been technically
revised. The main technical changes are as follows:
— the document has been harmonized with ISO 9227;
— the terms and definitions clause has been added;
— the allowed range of mass loss of steel reference specimen has been changed.
Any feedback or questions on this document should be directed to the user’s national standards body. A
complete listing of these bodies can be found at www .iso .org/members .html.
iv © ISO 2018 – All rights reserved
Introduction
Corrosion of metallic materials with or without corrosion protection is influenced by many
environmental factors, the importance of which may vary depending on the type of metallic material
and the type of environment. It is impossible, therefore, to design accelerated laboratory corrosion
tests in such a way that all environmental factors influencing resistance to corrosion are taken into
account. Laboratory tests are, therefore, designed to simulate the effects of the most important factors
that enhance the corrosion of metallic materials.
The accelerated corrosion test method described in this document is designed to simulate and enhance
the environmental influence on a metallic material of exposure to an outdoor climate, where exposure
to salt-contaminated conditions occurs and may promote corrosion.
The test method involves cyclic exposure of test specimens to a mist of salt solution, to drying conditions
and to periods of high humidity. However, the method is mainly intended for comparative testing and
the results obtained do not permit far-reaching conclusions on the corrosion resistance of the tested
metallic material under the whole range of environmental conditions within which it may be used.
Nevertheless, the method provides valuable information on the performance of materials exposed to
salt-contaminated environments similar to those used in the test.
INTERNATIONAL STANDARD ISO 14993:2018(E)
Corrosion of metals and alloys — Accelerated testing
involving cyclic exposure to salt mist, dry and wet
conditions
WARNING — This document may involve hazardous materials, operations and equipment. It does
not purport to address all of the safety problems associated with its use. It is the responsibility
of the user of this document to establish appropriate safety and health practices.
1 Scope
This document specifies the apparatus and test procedure to be used in conducting accelerated
corrosion tests for the comparative evaluation of metallic materials with or without permanent
corrosion protection or temporary corrosion protection in salt-contaminated outdoor environments.
The test involves cyclic exposure of the specimens to neutral salt mist, “dry” and “wet” conditions. The
type of test specimen and the exposure period are not specified.
The particular advantages of this test over common accelerated tests such as the neutral salt spray
(NSS) test lie in its ability to better reproduce the corrosion that occurs in outdoor salt-contaminated
environments.
This document is applicable to
— metals and their alloys,
— metallic coatings (anodic and cathodic),
— conversion coatings,
— anodic oxide coatings, and
— organic coatings on metallic materials.
NOTE Methods of test for coatings to determine their resistance, in the presence of scribe marks through
to the substrate, to various cyclic corrosion conditions which include the condensation of water on the test
specimens during periods of humidity are given in ISO 11997-1.
2 Normative references
The following documents are referred to in the text in such a way that some or all of their content
constitutes requirements of this document. For dated references, only the edition cited applies. For
undated references, the latest edition of the referenced document (including any amendments) applies.
ISO 1514, Paints and varnishes — Standard panels for testing
ISO 2808, Paints and varnishes — Determination of film thickness
ISO 4623-2:2016, Paints and varnishes — Determination of resistance to filiform corrosion — Part 2:
Aluminium substrates
ISO 8044, Corrosion of metals and alloys — Basic terms and definitions
ISO 17872, Paints and varnishes — Guidelines for the introduction of scribe marks through coatings on
metallic panels for corrosion testing
3 Terms and definitions
For the purposes of this document, the terms and definitions given in ISO 8044 and the following apply.
ISO and IEC maintain terminological databases for use in standardization at the following addresses:
— ISO Online browsing platform: available at https: //www .iso .org/obp
— IEC Electropedia: available at http: //www .electropedia .org/
3.1
reference material
material with known test performance
3.2
reference specimen
portion of the reference material (3.1) that is to be exposed with the intention to check the reproducibility
and repeatability of the test results for the test cabinet in use
3.3
test specimen
specific portion of the samples upon which the testing is to be performed
3.4
substitute specimen
specimen made of inert materials (such as plastic or glass) used for the substitute of a test specimen (3.3)
4 Test solution
4.1 General
Instructions for the preparation and use of a neutral sodium chloride solution are given in 4.2 and 4.3.
4.2 Preparation of the sodium chloride solution
Dissolve a sufficient mass of s
...
INTERNATIONAL ISO
STANDARD 14993
Second edition
2018-07
Corrosion of metals and alloys —
Accelerated testing involving cyclic
exposure to salt mist, dry and wet
conditions
Corrosion des métaux et alliages — Essais accélérés comprenant des
expositions cycliques à des conditions de brouillard salin, de séchage
et d'humidité
Reference number
©
ISO 2018
© ISO 2018
All rights reserved. Unless otherwise specified, or required in the context of its implementation, no part of this publication may
be reproduced or utilized otherwise in any form or by any means, electronic or mechanical, including photocopying, or posting
on the internet or an intranet, without prior written permission. Permission can be requested from either ISO at the address
below or ISO’s member body in the country of the requester.
ISO copyright office
CP 401 • Ch. de Blandonnet 8
CH-1214 Vernier, Geneva
Phone: +41 22 749 01 11
Fax: +41 22 749 09 47
Email: copyright@iso.org
Website: www.iso.org
Published in Switzerland
ii © ISO 2018 – All rights reserved
Contents Page
Foreword .iv
Introduction .v
1 Scope . 1
2 Normative references . 1
3 Terms and definitions . 2
4 Test solution . 2
4.1 General . 2
4.2 Preparation of the sodium chloride solution . 2
4.3 pH adjustment . 2
5 Apparatus . 3
5.1 Component protection . 3
5.2 Exposure equipment . 3
6 Test specimens. 4
7 Arrangement of the test specimens . 4
8 Operating conditions . 5
9 Continuity of tests . 6
10 Duration of tests . 6
11 Treatment of test specimens after testing . 6
11.1 General . 6
11.2 Non-organic coated test specimens: metallic and/or inorganic coated . 6
11.3 Organic coated test specimens . 6
11.3.1 Scribed organic coated test specimens . 6
11.3.2 Organic coated but not scribed test specimens . 7
12 Evaluation of results . 7
13 Test report . 7
Annex A (informative) Typical apparatus for cyclic salt mist, dry and wet corrosion tests .9
Annex B (informative) Method for evaluation of the corrosivity of the apparatus .11
Annex C (normative) Preparation of test specimens with organic coatings for testing .13
Annex D (normative) Required supplementary information for testing test specimens with
organic coatings .14
Bibliography .15
Foreword
ISO (the International Organization for Standardization) is a worldwide federation of national standards
bodies (ISO member bodies). The work of preparing International Standards is normally carried out
through ISO technical committees. Each member body interested in a subject for which a technical
committee has been established has the right to be represented on that committee. International
organizations, governmental and non-governmental, in liaison with ISO, also take part in the work.
ISO collaborates closely with the International Electrotechnical Commission (IEC) on all matters of
electrotechnical standardization.
The procedures used to develop this document and those intended for its further maintenance are
described in the ISO/IEC Directives, Part 1. In particular, the different approval criteria needed for the
different types of ISO documents should be noted. This document was drafted in accordance with the
editorial rules of the ISO/IEC Directives, Part 2 (see www .iso .org/directives).
Attention is drawn to the possibility that some of the elements of this document may be the subject of
patent rights. ISO shall not be held responsible for identifying any or all such patent rights. Details of
any patent rights identified during the development of the document will be in the Introduction and/or
on the ISO list of patent declarations received (see www .iso .org/patents).
Any trade name used in this document is information given for the convenience of users and does not
constitute an endorsement.
For an explanation of the voluntary nature of standards, the meaning of ISO specific terms and
expressions related to conformity assessment, as well as information about ISO’s adherence to the
World Trade Organization (WTO) principles in the Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) see www .iso
.org/iso/foreword .html.
This document was prepared by Technical Committee ISO/TC 156, Corrosion of metals and alloys.
This second edition cancels and replaces the first edition (ISO 14993:2001), which has been technically
revised. The main technical changes are as follows:
— the document has been harmonized with ISO 9227;
— the terms and definitions clause has been added;
— the allowed range of mass loss of steel reference specimen has been changed.
Any feedback or questions on this document should be directed to the user’s national standards body. A
complete listing of these bodies can be found at www .iso .org/members .html.
iv © ISO 2018 – All rights reserved
Introduction
Corrosion of metallic materials with or without corrosion protection is influenced by many
environmental factors, the importance of which may vary depending on the type of metallic material
and the type of environment. It is impossible, therefore, to design accelerated laboratory corrosion
tests in such a way that all environmental factors influencing resistance to corrosion are taken into
account. Laboratory tests are, therefore, designed to simulate the effects of the most important factors
that enhance the corrosion of metallic materials.
The accelerated corrosion test method described in this document is designed to simulate and enhance
the environmental influence on a metallic material of exposure to an outdoor climate, where exposure
to salt-contaminated conditions occurs and may promote corrosion.
The test method involves cyclic exposure of test specimens to a mist of salt solution, to drying conditions
and to periods of high humidity. However, the method is mainly intended for comparative testing and
the results obtained do not permit far-reaching conclusions on the corrosion resistance of the tested
metallic material under the whole range of environmental conditions within which it may be used.
Nevertheless, the method provides valuable information on the performance of materials exposed to
salt-contaminated environments similar to those used in the test.
INTERNATIONAL STANDARD ISO 14993:2018(E)
Corrosion of metals and alloys — Accelerated testing
involving cyclic exposure to salt mist, dry and wet
conditions
WARNING — This document may involve hazardous materials, operations and equipment. It does
not purport to address all of the safety problems associated with its use. It is the responsibility
of the user of this document to establish appropriate safety and health practices.
1 Scope
This document specifies the apparatus and test procedure to be used in conducting accelerated
corrosion tests for the comparative evaluation of metallic materials with or without permanent
corrosion protection or temporary corrosion protection in salt-contaminated outdoor environments.
The test involves cyclic exposure of the specimens to neutral salt mist, “dry” and “wet” conditions. The
type of test specimen and the exposure period are not specified.
The particular advantages of this test over common accelerated tests such as the neutral salt spray
(NSS) test lie in its ability to better reproduce the corrosion that occurs in outdoor salt-contaminated
environments.
This document is applicable to
— metals and their alloys,
— metallic coatings (anodic and cathodic),
— conversion coatings,
— anodic oxide coatings, and
— organic coatings on metallic materials.
NOTE Methods of test for coatings to determine their resistance, in the presence of scribe marks through
to the substrate, to various cyclic corrosion conditions which include the condensation of water on the test
specimens during periods of humidity are given in ISO 11997-1.
2 Normative references
The following documents are referred to in the text in such a way that some or all of their content
constitutes requirements of this document. For dated references, only the edition cited applies. For
undated references, the latest edition of the referenced document (including any amendments) applies.
ISO 1514, Paints and varnishes — Standard panels for testing
ISO 2808, Paints and varnishes — Determination of film thickness
ISO 4623-2:2016, Paints and varnishes — Determination of resistance to filiform corrosion — Part 2:
Aluminium substrates
ISO 8044, Corrosion of metals and alloys — Basic terms and definitions
ISO 17872, Paints and varnishes — Guidelines for the introduction of scribe marks through coatings on
metallic panels for corrosion testing
3 Terms and definitions
For the purposes of this document, the terms and definitions given in ISO 8044 and the following apply.
ISO and IEC maintain terminological databases for use in standardization at the following addresses:
— ISO Online browsing platform: available at https: //www .iso .org/obp
— IEC Electropedia: available at http: //www .electropedia .org/
3.1
reference material
material with known test performance
3.2
reference specimen
portion of the reference material (3.1) that is to be exposed with the intention to check the reproducibility
and repeatability of the test results for the test cabinet in use
3.3
test specimen
specific portion of the samples upon which the testing is to be performed
3.4
substitute specimen
specimen made of inert materials (such as plastic or glass) used for the substitute of a test specimen (3.3)
4 Test solution
4.1 General
Instructions for the preparation and use of a neutral sodium chloride solution are given in 4.2 and 4.3.
4.2 Preparation of the sodium chloride solution
Dissolve a sufficient mass of s
...
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