ISO 14620-1:2002
(Main)Space systems — Safety requirements — Part 1: System safety
Space systems — Safety requirements — Part 1: System safety
ISO 14620-1:2002 defines the safety programme and the technical safety requirements that are implemented in order to comply with the safety policy as defined in ISO 14300-2. It is intended to protect flight and ground personnel, the launch vehicle, associated payloads, ground support equipment, the general public, public and private property, and the environment from hazards associated with space systems. Launch site operations are described by ISO 14620-2. The safety policy is applied by implementing a system safety programme, supported by risk assessment, which can be summarized as follows: hazardous characteristics (system and environmental hazards) and functions with potentially hazardous failure effects are identified and progressively evaluated by iteratively performing systematic safety analyses; the potential hazardous consequences associated with the system characteristics and functional failures are subjected to a hazard reduction sequence whereby hazards are eliminated from the system design and operations, hazards are minimized, and hazard controls are applied and verified; the risks that remain after the application of a hazard elimination and reduction process are progressively assessed and subjected to risk assessment, in order to show compliance with safety targets, support design trades, identify and rank risk contributors, support apportionment of project resources for risk reduction, assess risk reduction progress, and support the safety and project decision-making process (e.g. waiver approval, residual risk acceptance); the adequacy of the hazard and risk control measures applied are formally verified in order to support safety validation and risk acceptance; safety compliance is assessed by the project and safety approval obtained from the relevant authorities. ISO 14620-1:2002 is applicable to all space projects where during any project phase there exists the potential for hazards to personnel or the general public, space flight systems, ground support equipment, facilities, public or private property, or the environment. The imposition of these requirements on the project suppliers' activities requires that the customer's project product assurance and safety organization also respond to these requirements in a manner which is commensurate with the project's safety criticality. When viewed from the perspective of a specific programme or project context, the requirements defined in ISO 14620-1:2002 should be tailored to match the genuine requirements of a particular profile and circumstances of a programme or project.
Systèmes spatiaux — Exigences de sécurité — Partie 1: Sécurité système
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Standards Content (Sample)
INTERNATIONAL ISO
STANDARD 14620-1
First edition
2002-12-01
Space systems — Safety requirements —
Part 1:
System safety
Systèmes spatiaux — Exigences de sécurité —
Partie 1: Sécurité système
Reference number
ISO 14620-1:2002(E)
©
ISO 2002
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ISO 14620-1:2002(E)
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ISO 14620-1:2002(E)
Foreword
ISO (the International Organization for Standardization) is a worldwide federation of national standards bodies (ISO
member bodies). The work of preparing International Standards is normally carried out through ISO technical
committees. Each member body interested in a subject for which a technical committee has been established has
the right to be represented on that committee. International organizations, governmental and non-governmental, in
liaison with ISO, also take part in the work. ISO collaborates closely with the International Electrotechnical
Commission (IEC) on all matters of electrotechnical standardization.
International Standards are drafted in accordance with the rules given in the ISO/IEC Directives, Part 3.
The main task of technical committees is to prepare International Standards. Draft International Standards adopted
by the technical committees are circulated to the member bodies for voting. Publication as an International
Standard requires approval by at least 75 % of the member bodies casting a vote.
Attention is drawn to the possibility that some of the elements of this part of ISO 14620 may be the subject of
patent rights. ISO shall not be held responsible for identifying any or all such patent rights.
ISO 14620-1 was prepared by the European Committee for Standardization (CEN) in collaboration with Technical
Committee ISO/TC 20, Aircraft and space vehicles, Subcommittee SC 14, Space systems and operations, in
accordance with the Agreement on technical cooperation between ISO and CEN (Vienna Agreement).
Throughout the text of this document, read “.this European Standard.” to mean “.this International Standard.”.
ISO 14620 consists of the following parts, under the general title Space systems — Safety requirements:
— Part 1: System safety
— Part 2: Launch site operations
The following part is under preparation:
— Part 3: Flight safety systems
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ISO 14620-1:2002(E)
Contents
Page
Foreword.vii
Introduction .viii
1 Scope .1
1.1 General.1
1.2 Field of application .2
1.3 Tailoring.2
2 Normative references .2
3 Terms, definitions and abbreviated terms .2
3.1 Terms and definitions.2
3.2 Abbreviated terms .7
4 System safety programme.7
4.1 Scope .7
4.2 Safety organization.8
4.2.1 General.8
4.2.2 Safety representative.8
4.2.3 Reporting lines.8
4.2.4 Safety integration.8
4.2.5 Coordination with others .8
4.3 Safety representative access and authority.8
4.3.1 Access.8
4.3.2 Delegated authority to reject - stop work.8
4.3.3 Delegated authority to interrupt operations.8
4.3.4 Conformance.8
4.3.5 Approval of reports.9
4.3.6 Review.9
4.3.7 Representation on boards .9
4.4 Safety risk management.9
4.4.1 Risks.9
4.4.2 Hazard assessment .9
4.4.3 Preferred measures .9
4.5 Project phases and safety review cycle .9
4.5.1 Progress meetings.9
4.5.2 Project reviews.10
4.5.3 Safety programme review .12
4.5.4 Safety data package .12
4.6 Safety programme plan .12
4.6.1 Implementation.12
4.6.2 Safety activities.12
4.6.3 Definition.12
4.6.4 Description .13
4.6.5 Safety and project engineering activities.13
4.6.6 Supplier and sub-supplier premises.13
4.6.7 Conformance.13
4.7 Safety certification.13
4.8 Safety training .13
4.8.1 Overall training.13
4.8.2 Participation .14
4.8.3 Detailed technical training .14
4.8.4 Product specific training.14
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ISO 14620-1:2002(E)
4.8.5 Records.14
4.8.6 Identification.14
4.9 Accident/incident reporting and investigation .14
4.10 Safety documentation .14
4.10.1 General.14
4.10.2 Customer access .14
4.10.3 Supplier review .14
4.10.4 Documentation.15
4.10.5 Safety data package .15
4.10.6 Safety deviations and waivers.15
4.10.7 Verification tracking log.16
4.10.8 Lessons-learned file .16
5 Safety engineering.16
5.1 Safety engineering policy .16
5.1.1 General.16
5.1.2 Elements.16
5.1.3 Lessons learned.16
5.2 Safety design principles .17
5.2.1 Human life consideration.17
5.2.2 Design selection .17
5.2.3 System safety order of precedence.17
5.2.4 Environmental compatibility.18
5.2.5 Safe without services .18
5.2.6 Fail safe design.18
5.2.7 Hazard detection - Signalling and safing .18
5.2.8 Access .19
5.3 Safety risk reduction and control.19
5.3.1 Severity .19
5.3.2 Failure tolerance requirements .21
5.3.3 Design for minimum risk.22
5.3.4 Probabilistic safety targets.22
5.4 Identification and control of safety critical functions.23
5.4.1 Identification.23
5.4.2 Inadvertent operation .23
5.4.3 Provisions.23
5.4.4 Safe shutdown and failure tolerance requirements.23
5.4.5 Electronic, electrical, electromechanical .23
6 Safety analysis requirements and techniques .24
6.1 General.24
6.2 Assessment and allocation of requirements .24
6.2.1 Safety requirements .24
6.2.2 Additional safety requirements.24
6.2.3 Define safety requirements - functions .24
6.2.4 Define safety requirements - subsystems .24
6.2.5 Justification.24
6.2.6 Functional and subsystem specification .25
6.3 Safety analysis.25
6.3.1 General.25
6.3.2 Mission analysis .25
6.3.3 Feasibility .25
6.3.4 Preliminary definition .25
6.3.5 Detailed definition, production and qualification .25
6.3.6 Utilization.25
6.3.7 Disposal .25
6.4 Specific safety analysis .25
6.4.1 General.25
6.4.2 Hazard analysis.26
6.4.3 Safety risk assessment .26
6.4.4 Safety analysis for hardware-software systems .27
6.5 Supporting assessment and analysis .27
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ISO 14620-1:2002(E)
6.5.1 General.27
6.5.2 Warning time analysis .27
6.5.3 Caution and warning analysis .28
6.5.4 Common cause and common mode failure analysis.28
6.5.5 Fault tree analysis.29
6.5.6 Human dependability analysis .29
6.5.7 Failure modes, effects and criticality analysis .29
6.5.8 Sneak analysis .29
6.5.9 Zonal analysis .30
6.5.10 Energy trace analysis .30
7 Safety verification .30
7.1 General.30
7.2 Tracking of hazards .31
7.2.1 Hazard reporting system.31
7.2.2 Status .31
7.2.3 Safety progress meeting.31
7.2.4 Review and disposition.31
7.2.5 Documentation.31
7.2.6 Mandatory inspection points.31
7.3 Safety verification methods.31
7.3.1 Verification engineering and planning .31
7.3.2 Methods and reports .31
7.3.3 Verification requirements.32
7.3.4 Analysis .32
7.3.5 Inspections .32
7.3.6 Tests.32
7.3.7 Verification and approval.32
7.4 Qualification of safety critical functions .32
7.4.1 Validation.32
7.4.2 Qualification .32
7.4.3 Failure tests.33
7.4.4 Verification of design or operational characteristics.33
7.4.5 Safety verification testing .33
7.5 Hazard close-out .33
7.5.1 Safety assurance verification .33
7.5.2 Safety approval authority.33
7.6 Residual risk reduction .33
8 Operational safety.34
8.1 Basic requirements.34
8.2 Flight operations and mission control .34
8.2.1 Launcher operations .34
8.2.2 Contamination.34
8.2.3 Flight rules.34
8.2.4 Hazardous commanding control.34
8.2.5 Mission operation change control .35
8.2.6 Safety surveillance and anomaly control .35
8.3 Ground operations.35
8.3.1 Applicability.35
8.3.2 Initiation .35
8.3.3 Review and inspection .35
8.3.4 Hazardous operations .35
8.3.5 Launch and landing site requirements.36
8.3.6 GSE requirements.
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