ISO 14649-14:2013

Automation systems and integration — Physical device control — Data model for computerized numerical controllers — Part 14: Process data for sink electrical discharge machining (sink-EDM)

ISO 14649-14:2013 specifies the technology-specific data element needed as process data for sink-EDM. Together with the general process data described in ISO 14649‑10, it describes the interface between computerized numerical controller and the programming system (i.e. CAM system or shop-floor programming system) for sink-EDM. It can be used for sink-EDM operations on this kind of machine. The scope of ISO 14649-14:2013 does not include tools for any other technologies (e.g. turning, grinding). Tools for these technologies are described in other parts of ISO 14649.

Systèmes d'automatisation et intégration — Commande des dispositifs physiques — Modèle de données pour les contrôleurs numériques informatisés — Partie 14: Données de procédé pour l'usinage de baisse électrique (baisse EDM)

General Information

• Status: Published
• Publication Date: 20-Feb-2013
• ICS: 25.040.20 - Numerically controlled machines
• Technical Committee: ISO/TC 184/SC 1 - Industrial cyber and physical device control
• Drafting Committee: ISO/TC 184/SC 1/WG 7 - Data modelling for integration of physical devices
• Current Stage: 9060 - Close of review
• Start Date: 02-Sep-2023

Standards Content (Sample)

INTERNATIONAL ISO
STANDARD 14649-14
First edition
2013-03-01
Automation systems and
integration — Physical device
control — Data model for
computerized numerical
controllers —
Part 14:
Process data for sink electrical
discharge machining (sink-EDM)
Systèmes d’automatisation et intégration — Commande des
dispositifs physiques — Modèle de données pour les contrôleurs
numériques informatisés —
Partie 14: Données de procédé pour l’usinage de baisse électrique
(baisse EDM)
Reference number
ISO 14649-14:2013(E)
ISO 2013
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ISO 14649-14:2013(E)
COPYRIGHT PROTECTED DOCUMENT
© ISO 2013

All rights reserved. Unless otherwise specified, no part of this publication may be reproduced or utilized otherwise in any form

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ii © ISO 2013 – All rights reserved
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ISO 14649-14:2013(E)
Contents Page

Foreword ........................................................................................................................................................................................................................................iv

Introduction ..................................................................................................................................................................................................................................v

1 Scope ................................................................................................................................................................................................................................. 1

2 Normative references ...................................................................................................................................................................................... 1

3 Terms and definitions ..................................................................................................................................................................................... 1

4 Process data for sink-EDM .......................................................................................................................................................................... 2

4.1 Header and references ..................................................................................................................................................................... 2

4.2 Manufacturing features for sink-EDM ................................................................................................................................. 2

4.3 Machining operation for sink-EDM ....................................................................................................................................... 3

Annex A (informative) EXPRESS listing ...........................................................................................................................................................13

Annex B (informative) EXPRESS-G .......................................................................................................................................................................16

Bibliography .............................................................................................................................................................................................................................26

© ISO 2013 – All rights reserved iii
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ISO 14649-14:2013(E)
Foreword

ISO (the International Organization for Standardization) is a worldwide federation of national standards

bodies (ISO member bodies). The work of preparing International Standards is normally carried out

through ISO technical committees. Each member body interested in a subject for which a technical

committee has been established has the right to be represented on that committee. International

organizations, governmental and non-governmental, in liaison with ISO, also take part in the work.

ISO collaborates closely with the International Electrotechnical Commission (IEC) on all matters of

electrotechnical standardization.

The procedures used to develop this document and those intended for its further maintenance are

described in the ISO/IEC Directives, Part 1. In particular the different approval criteria needed for the

different types of ISO documents should be noted. This document was drafted in accordance with the

editorial rules of the ISO/IEC Directives, Part 2. www.iso.org/directives

Attention is drawn to the possibility that some of the elements of this document may be the subject of

patent rights. ISO shall not be held responsible for identifying any or all such patent rights. Details of

any patent rights identified during the development of the document will be in the Introduction and/or

on the ISO list of patent declarations received. www.iso.org/patents

Any trade name used in this document is information given for the convenience of users and does not

constitute an endorsement.

The committee responsible for this document is Technical Committee ISO/TC 184, Automation systems

and integration, Subcommittee SC 1, Physical device control.

ISO 14649 consists of the following parts, under the general title Automation systems and integration —

Physical device control — Data model for computerized numerical controllers:
— Part 1: Overview and fundamental principles
— Part 10: General process data
— Part 11: Process data for milling
— Part 12: Process data for turning
— Part 13: Process data for wire electrical discharge machining (wire-EDM)
— Part 14: Process data for sink electrical discharge machining (sink-EDM)
— Part 111: Tools for milling machines
— Part 121: Tools for turning machines
— Part 201: Machine tool data for cutting processes [Technical Specification]

Gaps in numbering were intentionally left in order to allow further additions. ISO 14649-10 is the

ISO 10303 Application Reference Model (ARM) for process-independent data. ISO 10303 ARMs for

specific technologies are added after ISO 14649-10. ISO 14649 is harmonized with ISO 10303 in the

common field of Product Data over the whole life cycle. ISO 14649-1 describes the different fields of

standardization between ISO 14649, ISO 10303 and CNC manufacturers with respect to implementation

and software development.
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ISO 14649-14:2013(E)
Introduction

ISO 14649-10 describes the general process data for numerical controlled machining and includes its

schema. The subject of this schema (called machining_schema) is the definition of data types, which

are generally relevant for different technologies (e.g. milling, turning, sink-EDM). It includes the

definition of the workpiece, a feature catalogue containing features, which might be referenced by

several technologies, the general executables and the basis for an operation definition. Not included in

this schema are geometric items and presentations, which are referenced from the generic resources

of ISO 10303, and the technology-specific definitions, which are defined in separate parts of ISO 14649.

ISO 14649-10 is not a stand-alone standard. Its implementation needs at least one additional technology-

specific part (e.g. ISO 14649-11 for milling). This part of ISO 14649 describes sink Electrical Discharging

Machining (sink-EDM) and it defines technology-specific data types representing the machining process

for sink-EDM.

The main text of this part of ISO 14649 provides definitions and explanations of the data entities needed

to provide control data information to an EDM controller.

The EXPRESS forms of the entities are given again in Annex A without the explanatory text for information.

Annex B provides an alternative view of these entities, with the different figures showing graphical

representations of different elements. These figures are purely informative: a detailed explanation of

the entities in the figures is given in the corresponding text definitions.

In addition, the schema uses machining features similar to ISO 10303-224. The description of process

data is carried out using EXPRESS language as defined in ISO 10303-11. The encoding of the data is

carried out using ISO 10303-21.
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INTERNATIONAL STANDARD ISO 14649-14:2013(E)
Automation systems and integration — Physical device
control — Data model for computerized numerical
controllers —
Part 14:
Process data for sink electrical discharge machining (sink-
EDM)
1 Scope

This part of ISO 14649 specifies the technology-specific data element needed as process data for sink-

EDM. Together with the general process data described in ISO 14649-10, it describes the interface

between computerized numerical controller and the programming system (i.e. CAM system or shop-

floor programming system) for sink-EDM. It can be used for sink-EDM operations on this kind of machine.

The scope of this part of ISO 14649 does not include tools for any other technologies (e.g. turning,

grinding). Tools for these technologies are described in other parts of ISO 14649.

2 Normative references

The following documents, in whole or in part, are normatively referenced in this document and are

indispensable for its application. For dated references, only the edition cited applies. For undated

references, the latest edition of the referenced document (including any amendments) applies.

ISO 14649-10, Industrial automation systems and integration — Physical device control — Data model for

computerized numerical controllers — Part 10: General process data
3 Terms and definitions

For the purposes of this document, the terms and definitions given in ISO 14649-10 and the following apply.

3.1
roughing
machining operation used to cut a part

Note 1 to entry: While the aim of roughing is to remove large quantities of material in a short time, the surface

quality is usually not important.

Note 2 to entry: The roughing operation is usually followed by the finishing (3.2) operation.

3.2
finishing
machining operation whose aim is to reach the tolerance of the feature required

Note 1 to entry: The finishing operation is usually preceded by the roughing (3.1) operation and followed by the

surface finishing (3.3) operation.
3.3
surface finishing
machining operation whose aim is to reach the required surface quality

Note 1 to entry: The surface finishing operation is usually preceded by the finishing (3.3) operation.

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ISO 14649-14:2013(E)
4 Process data for sink-EDM
4.1 Header and references

The following listing gives the header and the list of entities which are referenced within this schema.

SCHEMA sink_edm_schema;
Version 3 of Jan 13, 2002
Author: Gabor Erdos
Your email contact: Gabor Erdos
REFERENCE FROM machining_schema (*ISO 14649-10*)
length_measure,
bounding_geometry_select,
machine_functions,
machining_operation,
machining_tool,
material,
property_parameter,
technology,
toleranced_length_measure,
machining_feature,
plane_angle_measure,
axis1_placement,
machining_strategy,
bounded_curve,
rot_speed_measure,
pressure_measure,
advanced_brep_shape_representation,
direction,
rot_direction,
radial_direction,
toolpath,
toolpath_type,
toolpath_speedprofile,
toolpath_list
4.2 Manufacturing features for sink-EDM
4.2.1 General

The sink-EDM features defined in this subclause are the features that are specific for sink-EDM technology,

and are not defined in ISO 14649-10. The base class for all sink-EDM features is the machining_feature,

defined in ISO 14649-10.
4.2.2 Sink-EDM volumetric pocket

The sink_edm_volumetric_pocket describes a special sink-EDM cavity feature. This feature is created

by orbiting the reference point of the tool axis within closed volume. The final shape of the pocket is

defined by the outline shape of the tool. The closed volume is defined as a revolved feature, where the

feature_boundary curve is revolved around the axis.
ENTITY sink_edm_volumetric_pocket
SUBTYPE OF (machining_feature);
feature_boundary: bounded_curve;
axis: axis1_placement;
END_ENTITY;
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ISO 14649-14:2013(E)

feature_boundary: Defines the cross section of the revolved feature. The feature_boundary lies within

the features xz-plane (see Figure 1)IF “x_+3” “” “” ders> IF “x_+3” “” “” IF “x_-3” “ ders>” “” IF “x_-3” “” “”

axis: Specifies the axis of the revolving operation. The axis lies within the features xz-

plane (see Figure 1)
Key
1 axis
2 feature_boundary
Figure 1 — Sink_edm_volumtric_pocket
4.3 Machining operation for sink-EDM
4.3.1 General

This subclause introduces all the machining operations and technology-specific data that are needed

for sink-EDM.
4.3.2 Sink-EDM machining operation

The sink_edm_machining_operation classes define the machining process for a limited area of the

workpiece, i.e. the contents of a machining workingstep. This entity is inherited by the machining_

workingstep class defined in ISO 14649-10. This class defines additional information needed by the

sink-EDM machining. It is a subtype of entity machining_operation defined in ISO 14649-10.

ENTITY sink_edm_machining_operation
SUBTYPE OF (machining_operation);
first_depth: OPTIONAL length_measure;
depth_of_step: OPTIONAL length_measure;
approach: OPTIONAL approach_retract_strategy;
retract: OPTIONAL approach_retract_strategy;
END_ENTITY;
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ISO 14649-14:2013(E)

first_depth: If it is defined the sinking is done in multi-step and this define the depth of the first

step.IF “x_+3” “” “” IF “x_+3” “”

“” IF “x_-3” “” “” IF “x_-3” “ Tbl_no_borders>” “”

depth_of_step: Depth of each additional step (repeated until the depth of the hole is reached).

approach: Optional information about approach (plunge) strategy to reach the first cut. If multi-

ple layers are cut, as specified by first_depth, this strategy will also be used to move

from one layer to the start point of the next layer. By default, the NC controller decides

about the approach strategy. It may decide not to use any approach movement at all

if the start point of cutting coincides with the end point of cutting for the preceding

operation. If its_toolpath is given, this attribute will be ignored.

retract: Optional information about retract strategy after finishing the last cut. By default, the

NC controller decides about the retract strategy. It may decide not to use any retract

movement at all if the end point of cutting coincides with the start point of cutting for

the next operation. If its_toolpath is given, this attribute will be ignored.
4.3.3 Sink-EDM technology

This entity defines the technological parameters of the sink-EDM operation. It is a subtype of entity

technology defined in ISO 14649-10. Since the number of technology parameters are machine dependent,

the technology contains only a list that can contain any number of property parameters.

ENTITY sink_edm_technology
SUBTYPE OF (technology);
spindle: OPTIONAL rot_speed_measure;
sync_spindle_and_z_feed: BOOLEAN;
other_generator_parameters: SET [0:?] OF property_parameter;
END_ENTITY;

spindle: Rotational speed of the tool. As defined for rot_speed_measure, positive

values indicate tool rotation in mathematical positive direction of the c
axis, i.e. counter-clockwise motion if looking from the tool holder to the
workpiece. Note that usual cutting tools require clockwise motion so
the value of this attribute will typically be negative.IF “x_+3” “ borders>” “” IF “x_+3” “” “” borders>IF “x_-3” “” “” IF “x_-3”
“” “”

sync_spindle_and_z_feed: If true, the feed rate in z and spindle speed are synchronized. It is used

together with the synchronized_feed strategy.

other_generator_parameters: Set of other parameters of the generator of generic type.

4.3.4 Sink-EDM machining functions

The entity describes the state of various functions of the machine (e.g. coolant) to be applied during the

time span of an operation. It is a subtype of entity machine_functions defined in ISO 14649-10.

ENTITY sink_edm_machine_functions
SUBTYPE OF (machine_functions);
flush: BOOLEAN;
aspiration: BOOLEAN;
flush_pressure: OPTIONAL pressure_measure;
other_functions: SET [0:?] OF property_parameter;
END_ENTITY;
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ISO 14649-14:2013(E)

flush: If true, the flush is activated to clean the “chips” and debris from the spark gap.

IF “x_+3” “” “” IF “x_+3” “” “”
IF “x_-3” “” “” IF “x_-3” “ Tbl_no_borders>” “”

aspiration: If true, the aspiration is activated to clean the “chips” and debris from the spark gap.

flush_pressure: Optional specification of the pressure of the dielectric fluid.
other_functions: Optional list of other functions of generic type.
4.3.5 Sink-EDM machining strategy
4.3.5.1 General

The sink_edm_machining_strategy class specifies the strategy to be used when executing the operation.

When it is specified it will modify the final offset toolpath generation method. It is a subtype of entity

machining_strategy defined in ISO 14649-10.
ENTITY sink_edm_machining_strategy
ABSTRACT SUPERTYPE OF (ONEOF (contour_parallel,along_vector,synchronized_feed))
SUBTYPE OF(machining_strategy);
END_ENTITY;
4.3.5.2 Contour parallel machining

Sinking in several paths following the contour of the feature. Similar to the contour parallel milling

strategy defined in ISO 14649-11 (see Figure 2).
Figure 2 — Contour parallel machining
ENTITY contour_parallel
SUBTYPE OF(sink_edm_machining_strategy);
rotation_direction: OPTIONAL rot_direction;
stepover_direction: OPTIONAL radial_direction;
END_ENTITY;

rotation_direction: The direction of the spiral path (clockwise or counterclockwise) as seen from

the top of the feature. The default is counterclockwise. The attribute cutmode,
if given, takes precedence over this attribute.IF “x_+3” “”
“” IF “x_+3” “” “” IF “x_-3”
“” “” IF “x_-3” “” “” Tbl_no_borders>

stepover_direction: If this attribute is outside_in, sink-EDM will start at the outer contour and pro-

ceed towards the centre. This is the default. Otherwise, it will start at the centre

and proceed towards the outer contour.
4.3.5.3 Along vector machining

Sinking along the direction of the specified vector. Typical strategy to enlarge pockets by moving the

sink tool along the specified vectors (see Figure 3).
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ISO 14649-14:2013(E)
Key
1 tool
Figure 3 — Along vector strategy
ENTITY along_vector
SUBTYPE OF(sink_edm_machining_strategy);
corner_vectors: LIST [0:?] OF direction;
END_ENTITY;

corner_vectors: Defines the direction for the tool movement. The start point is defined by the cut_

start_point attribute of the machining_operation entity.IF “x_+3” “”

“” IF “x_+3” “” “” IF “x_-3” “

Tbl_no_borders>” “” IF “x_-3” “” “” ders>
4.3.5.4 Synchronized feed
The synchronized feed strategy specifies how the sink too
...