ISO 5714:2023

Clean cookstoves and clean cooking solutions — Test protocols for institutional cookstoves

This document provides testing methods to evaluate the energy performance, emissions, safety and durability of institutional cookstoves. For general guidance (not a requirement), institutional cookstoves typically have firepower greater than 10 kW and/or cooking vessel volume greater than 25 l. The evaluation of household cookstoves is covered in ISO19867-1 and ISO19869 and is not addressed in this document. This document provides the following: — quantitative and qualitative measurements of performance and safety of institutional cookstoves – methods include uncontrolled and controlled cooking tests; — guidance for the measurement of air pollution, and; — guidance for prioritizing measurements that balance comprehensiveness and feasibility. This document includes testing methods for energy performance, emissions and durability that are applicable to institutional cookstoves that burn solid, liquid, and gaseous fuels and for energy performance, safety and durability that are applicable to institutional cookstoves powered by solar thermal energy. Safety testing methods are applicable to institutional solar cookstoves and cookstoves that burn solid fuels and are not applicable to cookstoves that burn liquid or gaseous fuels, such as LPG (liquefied petroleum gas), alcohol, plant oil or kerosene. Safety evaluation of gas-fuelled cookstoves can be found in ISO 23550 and the ISO 23551 series. Safety evaluation of liquid-fuelled cookstoves is not found in existing ISO standards. This document is not applicable to electric cookstoves.

General Information

• Status: Published
• Publication Date: 23-Aug-2023
• ICS: 97.040.20 - Cooking ranges, working tables, ovens and similar appliances
• Technical Committee: ISO/TC 285 - Clean cookstoves and clean cooking solutions
• Drafting Committee: ISO/TC 285 - Clean cookstoves and clean cooking solutions
• Current Stage: 6060 - International Standard published
• Start Date: 24-Aug-2023
• Due Date: 10-Nov-2023
• Completion Date: 24-Aug-2023

Standards Content (Sample)

INTERNATIONAL ISO
STANDARD 5714
First edition
2023-08
Clean cookstoves and clean cooking
solutions — Test protocols for
institutional cookstoves
Reference number
ISO 5714:2023(E)
© ISO 2023

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ISO 5714:2023(E)
COPYRIGHT PROTECTED DOCUMENT
© ISO 2023
All rights reserved. Unless otherwise specified, or required in the context of its implementation, no part of this publication may
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Published in Switzerland
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ISO 5714:2023(E)
Contents Page
Foreword .iv
Introduction .v
1 Scope . 1
2 Normative references . 1
3 Terms and definitions . 1
4 Abbreviated terms . 4
5 Emissions and energy performance of institutional cookstoves tested in the
laboratory . 4
5.1 General . 4
5.2 ISO 19867-1:2018, Clauses 5 and 6, laboratory test methods with exceptions for
institutional cookstoves . . 5
5.2.1 Volume of water . 5
5.2.2 Cooking vessel lids . 6
5.2.3 Platform scale method . 6
5.2.4 Pre-evaporation method . 6
5.2.5 Char remaining after a test phase . 7
5.2.6 Test phase duration(s) and power level(s) . 7
5.2.7 Institutional cookstove testing protocol . 7
5.3 ISO 19869:2019, 7.6, controlled cooking test with exceptions for institutional
cookstoves . 8
5.4 Emissions testing for institutional cookstoves with multiple chimneys . 8
6 Emissions and energy performance of institutional cookstoves tested in place (in
situ) . 9
6.1 General . 9
6.2 Water-heating test (in situ), ISO 19867-1:2018, Clauses 5 and 6, with exceptions
for institutional cookstoves . 9
6.3 Controlled cooking tests (in situ), ISO 19869:2019, 7.6, with exceptions for
institutional cookstoves . . 9
6.3.1 General . 9
6.3.2 Controlled cooking tests with a water boiling cooking task . 9
6.3.3 Controlled cooking tests without a water boiling cooking task . 9
6.4 Uncontrolled cooking tests (in situ), ISO 19869:2019, 5.3.3, with exceptions for
institutional cookstoves . . 10
6.5 Emissions testing for institutional cookstoves with multiple chimneys . 10
7 Safety testing .10
7.1 General . 10
7.2 Chimney shielding and insulation test . 11
7.3 Safety scoring system. 11
8 Durability testing .12
8.1 General .12
8.2 Specific equipment requirements for durability stress testing of institutional
cookstoves .12
8.3 Extended run test.12
8.4 External and internal impact testing .12
9 Reporting .13
9.1 General .13
9.2 Contents of the test report . 13
Bibliography .17
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ISO 5714:2023(E)
Foreword
ISO (the International Organization for Standardization) is a worldwide federation of national standards
bodies (ISO member bodies). The work of preparing International Standards is normally carried out
through ISO technical committees. Each member body interested in a subject for which a technical
committee has been established has the right to be represented on that committee. International
organizations, governmental and non-governmental, in liaison with ISO, also take part in the work.
ISO collaborates closely with the International Electrotechnical Commission (IEC) on all matters of
electrotechnical standardization.
The procedures used to develop this document and those intended for its further maintenance are
described in the ISO/IEC Directives, Part 1. In particular, the different approval criteria needed for the
different types of ISO document should be noted. This document was drafted in accordance with the
editorial rules of the ISO/IEC Directives, Part 2 (see www.iso.org/directives).
ISO draws attention to the possibility that the implementation of this document may involve the use
of (a) patent(s). ISO takes no position concerning the evidence, validity or applicability of any claimed
patent rights in respect thereof. As of the date of publication of this document, ISO had not received
notice of (a) patent(s) which may be required to implement this document. However, implementers are
cautioned that this may not represent the latest information, which may be obtained from the patent
database available at www.iso.org/patents. ISO shall not be held responsible for identifying any or all
such patent rights.
Any trade name used in this document is information given for the convenience of users and does not
constitute an endorsement.
For an explanation of the voluntary nature of standards, the meaning of ISO specific terms and
expressions related to conformity assessment, as well as information about ISO's adherence to
the World Trade Organization (WTO) principles in the Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT), see
www.iso.org/iso/foreword.html.
This document was prepared by Technical Committee ISO/TC 285, Clean cookstoves and clean cooking
solutions.
Any feedback or questions on this document should be directed to the user’s national standards body. A
complete listing of these bodies can be found at www.iso.org/members.html.
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ISO 5714:2023(E)
Introduction
This document is applicable for evaluating institutional cookstoves. Institutional cookstoves often have
characteristics requiring specific considerations not already covered under ISO 19867-1 and ISO 19869.
These considerations include, but are not limited to, the following.
— The cooking vessels and contents used with some institutional cookstoves may be too heavy to be
practically removed for weighing, as specified in ISO 19867-1.
— Institutional cookstoves tend to operate at high firepower with substantial release of emissions
requiring specific measurement considerations.
— Built-in-place institutional cookstoves can be difficult or impossible to transport to a laboratory for
testing, and this may require them to be tested in place (in situ).
— For some institutional cookstoves that produce char, the hot char remaining at the end of test phases
can be difficult or unsafe to remove for weighing, as specified in ISO 19867-1 and ISO 19869.
— Institutional cookstoves often have longer operating durations and more specialized cooking tasks
than household cookstoves. Test phases specified in ISO 19867-1:2018, 6.2 are not applicable for
most institutional cookstoves.
— Heat radiation from chimneys is a safety concern because of the higher firepower of institutional
cookstoves compared with household cookstoves.
Because of these reasons, additional guidance is needed for testing institutional cookstoves.
Institutional cookstoves may be tested for either energy performance only (such as efficiency, power
and/or specific energy consumption), or energy performance and air pollutant emissions together.
Institutional cookstoves may be tested separately for safety (see Clause 7) and/or durability (see
Clause 8).
An institutional cookstove may be tested in a laboratory if the cookstove is either portable (can be
transported to the laboratory) or can be built-in-place in the laboratory, as specified in Clause 5. An
institutional cookstove may be tested in situ (rather than, or in addition to, in a laboratory), as specified
in Clause 6.
In Table 1, options are listed for testing institutional cookstoves for energy performance and air
pollutant emissions either in the laboratory or in situ, along with primary energy performance and
emissions metrics. Primary and other metrics are described in Clauses 5 and 6.
The performance of two or more different institutional cookstoves may be compared with the same
appropriate protocol options and test conditions, as specified in this document.
It is common for an institutional cookstove to be one element of larger, multi-component systems. These
systems may include multiple fuel/energy sources or modes of operation. Therefore, multiple tests or
protocols may be required to evaluate the range of potential use scenarios for a given cooking system.
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ISO 5714:2023(E)
Table 1 — Testing options
Primary energy performance metrics
Primary emissions met-
Testing options
a
rics (units)
(units)
Water-heating test Emission factors, pollutant
Thermal efficiency
mass /
With test sequence defined by
(%)
delivered energy
either field data in 5.2.6 or protocol,
Cooking power (kW)
(mg/MJ)
Specific energy con-
in 5.2.7
sumption, fuel energy Firepower (kW)
Pollutant mass/
— Laboratory testing, Clause 5
/ product mass
fuel energy(mg/MJ)
(MJ/kg)
— In situ testing, Clause 6
Emission rates (mg/min)
Controlled cooking test
Specific energy con-
Emission factors
sumption, fuel energy
— Laboratory testing, Clause 5
pollutant mass/
/ product mass
fuel energy
Firepower (kW)
(MJ/kg)
— In situ testing, Clause 6
(mg/MJ)
Uncontrolled cooking test
Usage
Emission rates (mg/min)
(min/day)
— In situ testing, Clause 6
a
NOTE Emissions testing is optional, as described in the Introduction.
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INTERNATIONAL STANDARD ISO 5714:2023(E)
Clean cookstoves and clean cooking solutions — Test
protocols for institutional cookstoves
1 Scope
This document provides testing methods to evaluate the energy performance, emissions, safety
and durability of institutional cookstoves. For general guidance (not a requirement), institutional
cookstoves typically have firepower greater than 10 kW and/or cooking vessel volume greater than 25 l.
The evaluation of household cookstoves is covered in ISO19867-1 and ISO19869 and is not addressed in
this document.
This document provides the following:
— quantitative and qualitative measurements of performance and safety of institutional cookstoves –
methods include uncontrolled and controlled cooking tests;
— guidance for the measurement of air pollution, and;
— guidance for prioritizing measurements that balance comprehensiveness and feasibility.
This document includes testing methods for energy performance, emissions and durability that
are applicable to institutional cookstoves that burn solid, liquid, and gaseous fuels and for energy
performance, safety and durability that are applicable to institutional cookstoves powered by solar
thermal energy.
Safety testing methods are applicable to institutional solar cookstoves and cookstoves that burn solid
fuels and are not applicable to cookstoves that burn liquid or gaseous fuels, such as LPG (liquefied
petroleum gas), alcohol, plant oil or kerosene. Safety evaluation of gas-fuelled cookstoves can be found
in ISO 23550 and the ISO 23551 series. Safety evaluation of liquid-fuelled cookstoves is not found in
existing ISO standards. This document is not applicable to electric cookstoves.
2 Normative references
The following documents are referred to in the text in such a way that some or all of their content
constitutes requirements of this document. For dated references, only the edition cited applies. For
undated references, the latest edition of the referenced document (including any amendments) applies.
ISO 19867-1:2018, Clean cookstoves and clean cooking solutions — Harmonized laboratory test protocols
— Part 1: Standard test sequence for emissions and performance, safety and durability
ISO 19869:2019, Clean cookstoves and clean cooking solutions — Field testing methods for cookstoves
3 Terms and definitions
For the purposes of this document, the following terms and definitions apply.
ISO and IEC maintain terminology databases for use in standardization at the following addresses:
— ISO Online browsing platform: available at https:// www .iso .org/ obp
— IEC Electropedia: available at https:// www .electropedia .org/
3.1
built-in-place cookstove
cookstove (3.5) in which the majority of assembly and/or construction takes place where it will be used
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ISO 5714:2023(E)
3.2
char
carbonaceous residue resulting from pyrolysis or incomplete combustion of solid biofuels
3.3
cooking power
average rate of energy delivered to the contents of a cooking vessel (3.4) over any chosen period during
the course of a cooking sequence or other task
Note 1 to entry: The cooking power is expressed in kilowatts.
3.4
cooking vessel
pot or container in which food or water is heated and prepared
3.5
cookstove
appliance primarily employed for the cooking of food, but which may also be employed for space or
water heating or other purposes
3.6
dilution tunnel
device in which ambient or cleaned air is mixed with an emission stream in a controlled and measured
volumetric flow rate
3.7
durability
ability of a cookstove (3.5) to continue to be operated for an extended period in a safe manner and with
minimal loss of performance
3.8
emission factor
ratio of the mass of a pollutant emitted to a defined measure that quantifies the activity emitting the
pollutant
EXAMPLE Potential defined measures for emission factors include the useful energy delivered (3.23), mass of
the fuel consumed, the dry mass of the fuel consumed, or the energy of the fuel consumed.
3.9
emission rate
mass of an air pollutant emitted per unit time
Note 1 to entry: The emission rate is expressed in mg/h or g/s.
3.10
field
locations where cooking is normally performed in real-world situations, such as homes and target
communities
3.11
firepower
over a specified period in the burn sequence, rate of energy release from the combustion of the fuel
assuming complete combustion
Note 1 to entry: The firepower is expressed in kilowatts.
3.12
ignition
initiation of a period of a self-sustained combustion reaction
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ISO 5714:2023(E)
3.13
institutional cookstove
appliance primarily employed for the cooking of food, but which may also be employed for space or
water heating or other purposes, in settings that require more cooking power (3.3) than provided by
household appliances
EXAMPLE Settings may include, but are not limited to, schools, hospitals, restaurants, displaced-persons
camps, etc.
3.14
laboratory
facility that provides controlled conditions for conducting research and evaluating performance
3.15
laboratory testing
measurement of product performance quantified under controlled and documented conditions, where
performance can be replicated by duplicating those conditions
3.16
PM
2,5
fine particulate matter such that the aerodynamic diameter of the particles is less than or equal to
2,5 μm
3.17
risk
product of the severity of the consequences of a hazard and the likelihood that the hazard will occur
3.18
safety
ability of a cookstove (3.5) to be operated at an acceptable level of risk (3.17) of harm
3.19
solar cookstove
device that delivers useful cooking heat from thermal energy received from the sun
3.20
thermal efficiency
ratio of useful energy delivered (3.23) to fuel energy used
3.21
thermocouple
temperature sensor consisting of two dissimilar metals forming an electrical junction
3.22
usage
action, amount, or mode of using a cooking device; often a quantitative measure of time that a cookstove
(3.5) is used
3.23
useful energy delivered
energy transferred to the contents of a cooking vessel (3.4), including sensible heat energy that raises
the temperature of the contents of the cooking vessel and the latent heat of evaporation of water from
the cooking vessel
Note 1 to entry: For cookstoves (3.5) that are used for both cooking and space heating, useful energy delivered
may also include heat delivered to a living space.
Note 2 to entry: For cookstoves that are used for both cooking and baking, or for baking only, useful energy
delivered may also include the heat delivered to the baking process.
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ISO 5714:2023(E)
3.24
water-heating test
test of a cookstove (3.5) that uses one or more cooking vessels (3.4) or heat exchangers containing water
that are heated to a specified temperature less than the local boiling point during a defined set of burn
sequences
4 Abbreviated terms
C carbon
CCT controlled cooking test
CI confidence interval
CO carbon monoxide
CO carbon dioxide
2
EF emission factor
LPG liquefied petroleum gas
PM particulate matter with an aerodynamic diameter ≤ 2,5 μm
2,5
SD standard deviation
UCT uncontrolled cooking test
~ approximately
5 Emissions and energy performance of institutional cookstoves tested in the
laboratory
5.1 General
The laboratory testing systems to be used shall be designed to handle the high firepowers often
seen with institutional cookstoves. The laboratory emissions testing system shall provide sufficient
dilution to ensure that gaseous pollutant concentrations are within the range of instruments, and that
PM concentrations are low enough to avoid overloading filter samples. If a total-capture dilution-
2,5
tunnel system is used, then the system shall provide sufficient airflow to ensure total capture of air
pollutant emissions, and adequate heat removal exists so air/gas temperature in the dilution tunnel
does not exceed 60 °C. A total-capture dilution-tunnel system shall meet the requirements specified in
ISO 19867-1:2018, 5.3.8.
If a partial-capture emissions measurement system is used, then the system shall meet the requirements
specified in ISO 19869:2019, 8.4 and 8.5.
If a typically built-in-place cookstove is to be tested in the laboratory, then the cookstove may be either:
— constructed on a platform, pallet, or wheeled cart for moveability; or
— constructed in the laboratory for testing and then deconstructed and removed after testing.
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ISO 5714:2023(E)
The following testing protocols may be used for testing institutional cookstoves in the laboratory,
depending on the objectives and constraints of the testing.
— ISO 19867-1:2018, Clauses 5 and 6, laboratory test methods with exceptions for institutional
cookstoves
This protocol can be used for testing institutional cookstoves under controlled conditions with a
water-heating test. Test conditions may be defined with or without data from field use on fuels,
cooking vessels, operating procedures, test phase duration(s) and test phase power level(s).
Exceptions to ISO 19867-1:2018 for testing institutional cookstoves are specified in 5.2.
— ISO 19869:2019, 7.6, controlled cooking test with exceptions for institutional cookstoves
This protocol can be used for testing institutional cookstoves under controlled conditions with an
appropriate standard cooking task that is typical of the region for the cooking technologies being
tested. Exceptions to ISO 19869:2019 for testing institutional cookstoves are specified below in 5.3.
5.2 ISO 19867-1:2018, Clauses 5 and 6, laboratory test methods with exceptions for
institutional cookstoves
In ISO 19867-1:2018, Clauses 5 and 6, laboratory test methods for emissions and efficiency, may be used
with the following exceptions for institutional cookstoves.
If the cooking vessel with contents (water) cannot be safely and practically removed from the
institutional cookstove for weighing as specified in ISO 19867-1:2018, 6.7, then the cookstove may be
tested using either the platform scale method in 5.2.3 or the pre-evaporation method in 5.2.4.
Institutional cookstoves often have longer operating durations and more specialized cooking tasks
than household cookstoves. The test phases specified in ISO 19867-1:2018, 6.2 are not applicable for
most institutional cookstoves. The test phase duration(s) and power level(s) for testing shall be defined
by the methods specified in 5.2.6.
In addition to the energy performance metrics specified in ISO 19867-1:2018, specific energy
consumption, as defined in ISO 19869:2019, Clause 7, shall be calculated and reported to enable
comparison of results with controlled cooking tests conducted in the laboratory or in situ.
5.2.1 Volume of water
The volume of water in the cooking vessel specified in ISO 19867-1:2018, 6.5.2 may not be applicable
to institutional cookstoves. For testing institutional cookstoves, the volume of water for testing shall
be determined by either (a) field data or (b) cookstove manufacturer’s written instructions or (c)
agreement between the interested parties, such as the testing laboratory, sponsors (entities paying for
testing), authorities, etc. Conflicts of interest shall be avoided, see ISO 19867-1:2018, 9.2.4.3.
If field data are available regarding typical volume of water or liquid observed during actual use, then
that volume of water may be used for testing. A detailed description of the methodology and statistical
indicators of the representativeness of the field data shall be provided along with the laboratory test
results, as specified in Clause 9, if field data are used to determine the water volume.
The method used to determine the water volume (a, b, or c in this subclause) shall be included in the
final report of results, as specified in Clause 9.
The volume of water used for testing may significantly affect the results. A sensitivity analysis to
evaluate the impact of using different volumes of water is recommended.
Note that for institutional cookstoves with pot skirts or with sunken pots, filling the pot with water up
to the level at which the pot is exposed to hot combustion gases typically maximizes thermal efficiency
and minimizes emission factors based on useful energy delivered.
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ISO 5714:2023(E)
5.2.2 Cooking vessel lids
Testing without a lid on the cooking vessel, as specified in ISO 19867-1 may or may not be applicable
for institutional cookstoves. For testing institutional cookstoves, the use of a lid shall be determined by
either (a) field data or (b) the cookstove manufacturer’s written instructions or (c) agreement between
the interested parties, such as the testing laboratory, sponsors, and authorities.
If field data are available regarding the use of lids observed during actual use, then lids may be used for
testing. A detailed description of the methodology and statistical indicators of the representativeness
of the field data shall be provided along with the laboratory test results, as specified in Clause 9, if field
data are used to determine the use of lids.
The method used to determine the use of a lid (a, b, or c in this subclause) shall be included in the final
report of results, as specified in Clause 9.
If the cooking vessel is a pressure cooker, then the pressure cooker shall be operated with its lid,
following the instructions from the manufacturer. The cooking vessel shall be described in the final
report.
5.2.3 Platform scale method
If the platform scale method is used, then the following specif
...