ISO 5015-2:2022

Unmanned aircraft systems — Part 2: Operation of vertiports for vertical take-off and landing (VTOL) unmanned aircraft (UA)

This document specifies the requirements for vertiport operations (e.g. removal of contaminants, noise) and interface with an unmanned aircraft system (UAS) or vertical take-off and landing (VTOL) aircraft operators and with UAS traffic management (UTM) service providers (SPs). This document is applicable to operations of vertiports belonging to any type, supporting: a) demonstration of compliance with applicable regulations of vertiport operations to aviation authorities or other public authorities, as a possible acceptable means of compliance (AMC), when applicable regulations require such involvement from the authority and when the authority considers this document acceptable; b) attestation of compliance of vertiport operations by qualified entities or other accredited, competent and independent third parties, supporting the safety risk assessment of the UAS operations required by regulations, in particular when high level of assurance robustness is required; c) attestation of compliance of vertiport operations by qualified entities or other accredited, competent and independent third parties even in the absence of any applicable regulation. This document also covers safety of the vertiport operator and quality of data provided by the vertiport operator to other entities (e.g. UAS operators, service providers of aeronautical information, providers of UTM services). Aspects that are not covered by this document are: — requirements for operational procedures of UAS; — requirements for physical characteristics and equipment for vertiports; — requirements for UTM SPs.

Aéronefs sans pilote — Partie 2: Exploitation des vertiports pour les aéronefs télépilotés (UA) à décollage et atterrissage vertical (VTOL)

General Information

• Status: Published
• Publication Date: 07-Aug-2022
• ICS: 49.020 - Aircraft and space vehicles in general
• Technical Committee: ISO/TC 20/SC 16 - Unmanned aircraft systems
• Drafting Committee: ISO/TC 20/SC 16/WG 3 - Operations and procedures
• Current Stage: 6060 - International Standard published
• Start Date: 08-Aug-2022
• Due Date: 04-Jun-2023
• Completion Date: 08-Aug-2022

Standards Content (Sample)

INTERNATIONAL ISO
STANDARD 5015-2
First edition
2022-08
Unmanned aircraft systems —
Part 2:
Operation of vertiports for vertical
take-off and landing (VTOL)
unmanned aircraft (UA)
Aéronefs sans pilote —
Partie 2: Exploitation des vertiports pour les aéronefs télépilotés (UA)
à décollage et atterrissage vertical (VTOL)
Reference number
ISO 5015-2:2022(E)
© ISO 2022

---------------------- Page: 1 ----------------------
ISO 5015-2:2022(E)
COPYRIGHT PROTECTED DOCUMENT
© ISO 2022
All rights reserved. Unless otherwise specified, or required in the context of its implementation, no part of this publication may
be reproduced or utilized otherwise in any form or by any means, electronic or mechanical, including photocopying, or posting on
the internet or an intranet, without prior written permission. Permission can be requested from either ISO at the address below
or ISO’s member body in the country of the requester.
ISO copyright office
CP 401 • Ch. de Blandonnet 8
CH-1214 Vernier, Geneva
Phone: [phone]
Email: [e-mail]
Website: www.iso.org
Published in Switzerland
ii
  © ISO 2022 – All rights reserved

---------------------- Page: 2 ----------------------
ISO 5015-2:2022(E)
Contents Page
Foreword .iv
Introduction .v
1 Scope . 1
2 Normative references . 1
3 Terms and definitions . 1
4 Abbreviated terms . 3
5 Privacy and data protection requirements . 3
6 Security . 4
6.1 Requirements for all vertiport operators . 4
6.2 Additional requirements for operators of type B vertiports . 4
6.3 Additional requirements for operators of type C vertiports. 5
7 Insurance . 6
8 Vertiport operations . 6
8.1 Safety-related requirements for operation of vertiports . 6
8.2 Additional requirements for type B and C vertiports . 7
8.3 Interfaces and interoperability . . 7
8.4 Sub-contracts . 7
9 Personnel competence .7
9.1 Requirements for all vertiport operators . 7
9.2 Additional requirements for operators of type B and C vertiports . 8
10 Maintenance . 9
10.1 Requirements for all vertiport operators . 9
10.2 Additional requirements for operators of type B vertiports . 9
10.3 Additional requirements for operators of type C vertiports. 10
11 Software safety assurance .10
11.1 Requirements for all vertiport operators . 10
11.2 Additional requirements for operators of type B vertiports . 10
11.3 Additional requirements for operators of type C vertiports. 10
12 Management of abnormal situations.11
12.1 Contingency plan . 11
12.2 Emergency response plan . 11
13 Safety .11
13.1 Requirements for all vertiport operators . 11
13.2 Additional requirements for operators of type B vertiports .12
13.3 Additional requirements for operators of type C vertiports.13
13.4 Tasks of the compliance monitoring officer (COMO) . 13
13.5 Tasks of the safety officer (SAFO) . 14
14 Manuals, procedures and records .15
14.1 Requirements for all vertiport operators . 15
14.2 Additional requirements for operators of type B vertiports . 16
14.3 Additional requirements for operators of type C vertiports. 16
14.4 Vertiport operations manual . 16
Annex A (informative) International regulation of aerodromes (including heliports) .18
Bibliography .20
iii
© ISO 2022 – All rights reserved

---------------------- Page: 3 ----------------------
ISO 5015-2:2022(E)
Foreword
ISO (the International Organization for Standardization) is a worldwide federation of national standards
bodies (ISO member bodies). The work of preparing International Standards is normally carried out
through ISO technical committees. Each member body interested in a subject for which a technical
committee has been established has the right to be represented on that committee. International
organizations, governmental and non-governmental, in liaison with ISO, also take part in the work.
ISO collaborates closely with the International Electrotechnical Commission (IEC) on all matters of
electrotechnical standardization.
The procedures used to develop this document and those intended for its further maintenance are
described in the ISO/IEC Directives, Part 1. In particular, the different approval criteria needed for the
different types of ISO documents should be noted. This document was drafted in accordance with the
editorial rules of the ISO/IEC Directives, Part 2 (see www.iso.org/directives).
Attention is drawn to the possibility that some of the elements of this document may be the subject of
patent rights. ISO shall not be held responsible for identifying any or all such patent rights. Details of
any patent rights identified during the development of the document will be in the Introduction and/or
on the ISO list of patent declarations received (see www.iso.org/patents).
Any trade name used in this document is information given for the convenience of users and does not
constitute an endorsement.
For an explanation of the voluntary nature of standards, the meaning of ISO specific terms and
expressions related to conformity assessment, as well as information about ISO’s adherence to the
World Trade Organization (WTO) principles in the Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT), see www.iso.org/
iso/foreword.html.
This document was prepared by Technical Committee ISO/TC 20, Aircraft and space vehicles,
Subcommittee SC 16, Unmanned aircraft systems.
Any feedback or questions on this document should be directed to the user’s national standards body. A
complete listing of these bodies can be found at www.iso.org/members.html.
iv
  © ISO 2022 – All rights reserved

---------------------- Page: 4 ----------------------
ISO 5015-2:2022(E)
Introduction
0.1 General
This document belongs to a series of International Standards related to vertiport infrastructures and
operations, developed by ISO/TC 20, SC 16 and SC 17.
1)[1]
A related standard under development by TC 20 is ISO 5491 .
0.2 Background
Vertiport operations relate to landing, ground movement, parking, and subsequent take-off and
departure of vertical take-off and landing (VTOL) aircraft, electrically powered (eVTOL) or equipped
with other propulsion systems. In this document, the abbreviated term VTOL encompasses eVTOL.
Vertiport operations also comprise ground handling and servicing, including energy replenishment.
Maintenance and operations of VTOL unmanned aircraft (UA), as well as UAS traffic management
(UTM) services, are not covered by this document, although the vertiport operator often needs to
exchange information with both the unmanned aircraft system (UAS) or operators of VTOL aircraft
and UTM service providers (UTM SPs).
UTM SP are also called, in different regions of the world, “providers of services for UAM (PSU)” or
“U-space service providers (USSP)”. These terms are equivalent in this document.
This document hence focuses on the requirements applicable to the vertiport operator for the safety,
security and compliance of the provided services, as well as protection of related data and information.
These requirements include organizational structure, accountabilities, policies and procedures.
A vertiport operator contributes to the safety, security and efficiency of operations of UAS or other
VTOL aircraft suitable for operations over urban areas, supporting the fulfilment of the responsibilities
of the UAS or VTOL aircraft operator. Operational procedures and requirements for the UAS operator
[2]
are contained in ISO 21384-3 . Although vertiport operations are established considering the needs of
VTOL UA, these services can also support operations of properly equipped manned VTOL aircraft.
These VTOL aircraft can be employed for aerial work or transport, including of passengers.
One organization can operate several vertiports at different locations.
0.3 Types of vertiports
Vertiport operations relate to landing, ground movement, parking and subsequent take-off and
departure of VTOL aircraft, electrically powered or equipped with other propulsion systems.
Vertiport operations also comprise cargo and passenger ground handling and aircraft servicing (e.g.
power supply), including energy replenishment (e.g. battery recharging or refuelling).
The vertiports can be open to international or domestic public use or for private use.
The vertiports can be certified or licensed by the competent authority, based on applicable legislation.
Vertiports can be distinguished as type A (micro, used for logistics or for energy replenishment) and
type B [small vertiports, including for urban air mobility (UAM) mainly of passengers], both serving
aircraft capable of VTOL, including electrically powered, with a maximum take-off mass (MTOM) of up
to 150 kg and 3 175 kg, respectively (i.e. 7 000 lbs.).
Large vertiports in type C are essentially heliports designed primarily to serve large rotorcraft
equipped with internal combustion engines. But, when complemented by additional specific equipment
or provisions, type C vertiports can also serve electrically powered manned or unmanned VTOL
aircraft.
1) Under preparation. Stage at the time of publication: ISO/DIS 5491:2022.
v
© ISO 2022 – All rights reserved

---------------------- Page: 5 ----------------------
ISO 5015-2:2022(E)
These three types are summarized in Table 1.
Table 1 — Types of vertiports
A B C
Vertiport type
(micro) (small) (large)
Serving unmanned VTOL

aircraft with features
MTOM 150 kg 3 175 kg (7 000 lbs) unlimited
Maximum passenger
0 9 unlimited
number
Normal (Vno) or maximum 80 km/h (80 kn calibrated 460 km/h (250 KCAS)
unlimited
operating Vmo) speed airspeed (KCAS)) during horizontal cruise
Pressurized cabin or
No No possibly
compartment
Related vertiport Several standards
infrastructure and produced by ISO TC 20,
[1]
ISO 5491 TBD
equipment standards in particular for ground
support equipment (GSE)
NOTE 1  Type A vertiports can be portable or fixed.
NOTE 2  Type A vertiports are intended for logistics applications including inside urban areas. Type B vertiports can also
[3][4]
serve passenger-carrying VTOL aircraft, including traditional rotorcraft specified in EASA/FAA CS/FAR 27 .Type C
vertiports are intended to serve VTOL aircraft of any mass, including large rotorcraft. Limitations for users can derive from
environmental regulations (e.g. noise) or from decisions by the vertiport operator (e.g. provide or not refuelling facilities).
[5]
NOTE 3  Type A vertiports are intended to serve UA of MTOM up to level V in paragraph 6 of ISO 21895 .
NOTE 4  3175 kg MTOM is consistent with the threshold separating small rotorcraft from large rotorcraft, the former in
[3][4] [6][7]
FAR/CS 27 and the latter in FAR/CS 29 . Furthermore, nine is the maximum number of passengers allowed under
[3][4]
FAR/CS-27 .
[1]
NOTE 5  ISO 5491 provides standards for the exchange of digital information between the vertiport and the UA.
0.5 Content of this document
This document contains requirements that can be used by an organization to provide safe, secure and
efficient vertiport operations.
This document includes requirements on qualification and training of personnel, vertiport operation,
maintenance, and competence of vertiport maintenance and of ground handling staff as well as noise
around the vertiport and organizational requirements including occurrence reporting and safety,
security and privacy.
This document does not include requirements specific to other topics, such as those for quality,
occupational health and safety (OH&S), social responsibility, environmental matters beyond noise or
financial management, or use of the electro-magnetic spectrum, though its elements can be aligned or
integrated with those of other management systems.
In this document, the following verbal forms are used:
a) “shall” indicates a requirement;
b) “should” indicates a recommendation;
c) “may” indicates a permission;
d) “can” indicates a possibility or a capability.
Information marked as “NOTE” is for guidance in understanding or clarifying the associated
requirement.
vi
  © ISO 2022 – All rights reserved

---------------------- Page: 6 ----------------------
INTERNATIONAL STANDARD ISO 5015-2:2022(E)
Unmanned aircraft systems —
Part 2:
Operation of vertiports for vertical take-off and landing
(VTOL) unmanned aircraft (UA)
1 Scope
This document specifies the requirements for vertiport operations (e.g. removal of contaminants, noise)
and interface with an unmanned aircraft system (UAS) or vertical take-off and landing (VTOL) aircraft
operators and with UAS traffic management (UTM) service providers (SPs).
This document is applicable to operations of vertiports belonging to any type, supporting:
a) demonstration of compliance with applicable regulations of vertiport operations to aviation
authorities or other public authorities, as a possible acceptable means of compliance (AMC),
when applicable regulations require such involvement from the authority and when the authority
considers this document acceptable;
b) attestation of compliance of vertiport operations by qualified entities or other accredited,
competent and independent third parties, supporting the safety risk assessment of the UAS
operations required by regulations, in particular when high level of assurance robustness is
required;
c) attestation of compliance of vertiport operations by qualified entities or other accredited,
competent and independent third parties even in the absence of any applicable regulation.
This document also covers safety of the vertiport operator and quality of data provided by the vertiport
operator to other entities (e.g. UAS operators, service providers of aeronautical information, providers
of UTM services).
Aspects that are not covered by this document are:
— requirements for operational procedures of UAS;
— requirements for physical characteristics and equipment for vertiports;
— requirements for UTM SPs.
2 Normative references
The following documents are referred to in the text in such a way that some or all of their content
constitutes requirements of this document. For dated references, only the edition cited applies. For
undated references, the latest edition of the referenced document (including any amendments) applies.
ISO 21384-4, Unmanned aircraft systems — Part 4: Vocabulary
3 Terms and definitions
For the purposes of this document, the terms and definitions given in ISO 21384-4 and the following
apply.
1
© ISO 2022 – All rights reserved

---------------------- Page: 7 ----------------------
ISO 5015-2:2022(E)
ISO and IEC maintain terminology databases for use in standardization at the following addresses:
— ISO Online browsing platform: available at https:// www .iso .org/ obp
— IEC Electropedia: available at https:// www .electropedia .org/
3.1
heliport
aerodrome or defined area on a structure intended to be used wholly or in part for the arrival, departure
and surface movement of helicopters
Note 1 to entry: The definition is taken from Reference [8]. Type B vertiports can also be heliports, if intended
to support, in addition to electrically powered vertical take-off and landing (VTOL) aircraft, also helicopters
powered by internal combustion engines. Conversely, type C heliports can be complemented by specific
equipment (e.g. battery chargers) to also serve electrically powered VTOL aircraft.
Note 2 to entry: Helicopters belong to the VTOL family. VTOL aircraft or rotorcraft of unlimited mass and
performance can operate at type C vertiports.
[9]
Note 3 to entry: European Aviation Safety Agency (EASA) Special Condition SC-VTOL-01 defines a vertiport
as an area on land, water, or structure used or intended to be used for the landing and take-off of VTOL aircraft.
3.2
instrument approach
approach and landing operation using instruments for navigation guidance based on airborne, ground-
based or satellite-based equipment or combination thereof
Note 1 to entry: The definition is adapted from Reference [10].
3.3
international vertiport
vertiport designated by a state in whose territory it is situated, as a vertiport of entry and departure for
international air traffic, where the formalities incident to customs, immigration, public health, animal
and plant quarantine, and similar procedures are carried out
Note 1 to entry: The definition is adapted from Reference [11].
Note 2 to entry: Vertiports can be international.
3.4
open to public use
accessible on equal terms and conditions to use by civil operators of vertical take-off and
landing (VTOL) aircraft
Note 1 to entry: The definition is adapted from Reference [12].
Note 2 to entry: Formalities incident to customs, immigration, public health, animal and plant quarantine and
similar procedures are not normally available.
Note 3 to entry: Vertiports can be open to public use, but use can be limited to certain operations or types of
users, and a prior permission or approval by the vertiport operator (3.6) can also be required.
3.5
for private use
accessible only to one particular person (e.g. the owner) or a restricted group of users,
authorized by the vertiport operator (3.6)
Note 1 to entry: The definition is adapted from Reference [12].
Note 2 to entry: Vertiports can be reserved to private use.
2
  © ISO 2022 – All rights reserved

---------------------- Page: 8 ----------------------
ISO 5015-2:2022(E)
3.6
vertiport operator
legal or natural person operating or proposing to operate one or more vertiports
Note 1 to entry: The definition is adapted from Reference [13].
4 Abbreviated terms
AMC acceptable means of compliance
COMO compliance monitoring officer
DAL design assurance level
eVTOL electrically powered VTOL
HT head of training
IUEI intentional unauthorized electronic interaction
MTOM maximum take-off mass
SAFO safety officer
SECO security officer
SLA service-level agreement
SP service provider
UA unmanned aircraft
UAM urban air mobility
UAS unmanned aircraft system
UTM UAS traffic management
UTM SP UTM service provider
VTOL vertical take-off and landing
5 Privacy and data protection requirements
All vertiport operators shall ensure that:
a) the relevant data privacy regulations and laws have been taken into consideration;
b) suitable procedures are in place to securely store or dispose of all data gathered during service
provision and to avoid that data are distributed to non-eligible entities.
NOTE This data can include, for example, the identity of passengers, addressees of cargo or intentions of
operators of VTOL aircraft.
3
© ISO 2022 – All rights reserved

---------------------- Page: 9 ----------------------
ISO 5015-2:2022(E)
6 Security
6.1 Requirements for all vertiport operators
Taking relevant security regulations into consideration, all vertiport operators shall:
a) ensure that their facilities, systems and procedures take into account applicable security
requirements, including personnel reliability and security;
b) prevent access of unauthorized persons to vertiport facilities, systems and equipment, including
when no personnel are inside the facilities;
c) establish systems and procedures to permit access and egress by authorized persons, including
operational staff and customers delivering or retrieving cargo;
d) ensure that all equipment for vertiport operation, when not in use, is stored in a secure place;
e) ensure that any communication link supporting vertiport operations is secured and ensured as
sufficient to:
1) achieve and maintain the required safety for UAS operations;
2) if applicable, be consistent with the security requirements of the UTM SPs with which the
vertiport operator exchanges data.
NOTE Systems and procedures for customers to deliver or retrieve cargo can be covered by a service-level
agreement (SLA) with the UAS cargo operator.
6.2 Additional requirements for operators of type B vertiports
In addition to 6.1, all operators of type B vertiports shall:
a) address the structure, responsibilities, processes and procedures that promote and establish an
environment and culture of continuing improvement and enhancement of operation security;
b) appoint a person as security officer (SECO);
c) designate the SECO based on professional qualities and, in particular, expert knowledge of laws,
regulations and practices on national security, aviation security and cybersecurity and the ability
to fulfil the assigned tasks;
d) train and qualify personnel to effectively recognize and respond to possible acts of unlawful
interference against provided services;
e) ensure that personnel involved in vertiport operations or handling of sensitive data are suitably
vetted;
f) establish procedures for checking identity of passengers before allowing them to access the
facilities;
g) establish procedures to report to the competent authority any information on observed security
occurrences, in a manner that would allow a further impact analysis by the authority, if appropriate.
NOTE 1 The SECO can be or not be an employee of the vertiport operator.
NOTE 2 A single SECO can perform such a function on behalf of several vertiports or several vertiport
operators, providing that no conflict of interest would arise.
NOTE 3 The SECO can fulfil other tasks and duties in the organization, providing that any such tasks and duties
do not result in a conflict of interest. Therefore, the SECO can be responsible, for example, for data protection
or safety management, but not for service provision, maintenance or other activities related to production or
operations.
4
  © ISO 2022 – All rights reserved

---------------------- Page: 10 ----------------------
ISO 5015-2:2022(E)
NOTE 4 Various types of civil aviation operations present different levels of security threats. Unless any other
action (such as screening of a passenger or their baggage) is required by any security regulation, checking the
identity of passengers before boarding is sufficient to conform to this document at type B vertiports.
6.3 Additional requirements for operators of type C vertiports
In addition to 6.1 and 6.2, all operators of type C vertiports shall:
a) ensure security through a threat-based, risk-managed approach under which to assess and reduce
their own security risks, threats and impacts;
b) ensure that the security system includes a risk policy that is transparent, predictable and
controllable, focused on the largest risks and equitable;
c) assess the information systems essential for vertiport operation, against any potential intentional
unauthorized electronic interaction (IUEI) security threat and vulnerability that can result in an
unsafe condition;
d) ensure that the assessment includes as a minimum:
1) determination of the security environment for the information security of the vertiport
systems;
2) identification of the relevant assets or systems;
3) identification of the attack paths;
4) assessment of the safety consequences of the security threat to the affected assets;
5) evaluation, by considering the existing security protection means, of the level of threat that
would have an impact on safety;
6) determination of whether the risks, which are the result of the combination of the severities
and the potentiality to attack (or, inversely, the difficulty of attacking), are acceptable:
i) if they are acceptable, preparation of a justification statement, including the means to
maintain the risk at an acceptable level;
ii) if they are not acceptable, analysis of the proposed means of mitigation to ensure an
acceptable level of safety;
iii) implementation of means of mitigation;
iv) evaluation of the effectiveness of the means of mitigation with respect to the level of risk
(combination of the level of threat and severity of the threat condition);
7) iteration from point 1) until all the residual risks are acceptable;
e) establish procedures ensuring that the results of security assessments lead to a statement that
the vertiport has no identifiable vulnerabilities, or to documented implementation of sufficient
mitigation measures;
f) provide, when mitigation measures were necessary, sufficient grounds for
...