ISO 9098-1:2023
(Main)Bunk beds and high beds — Safety requirements and tests — Part 1: Safety requirements
Bunk beds and high beds — Safety requirements and tests — Part 1: Safety requirements
This document specifies requirements for the safety, strength and durability of bunk beds and high beds for domestic and non-domestic use. It applies to bunk beds and high beds with an internal length greater than 1 400 mm and a maximum bed base width of 1 200 mm, and with the upper surface of a bed base of 600 mm or more above the floor. Requirements for other products incorporated in a bunk bed/high bed, for example a table or storage furniture, are not included in this document. This document does not apply to bunk beds and high beds used for special purposes, including but not limited to prison, the military and fire brigades.
Lits superposés et lits hauts — Exigences de sécurité et essais — Partie 1: Exigences de sécurité
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Standards Content (Sample)
INTERNATIONAL ISO
STANDARD 9098-1
Second edition
2023-05
Bunk beds and high beds — Safety
requirements and tests —
Part 1:
Safety requirements
Lits superposés et lits hauts — Exigences de sécurité et essais —
Partie 1: Exigences de sécurité
Reference number
© ISO 2023
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Published in Switzerland
ii
Contents Page
Foreword .iv
1 Scope . 1
2 Normative reference .1
3 Terms and definitions . 1
4 Safety requirements. 2
4.1 Construction . 2
4.1.1 General . 2
4.1.2 Accessible holes, gaps and openings . 4
4.1.3 Bed base(s) . 4
4.1.4 Safety barriers around upper beds . 6
4.1.5 Means of access . 7
4.1.6 Shear and squeeze points . 11
4.1.7 All other accessible holes, gaps or openings . 11
4.2 Strength of means of access: Attachment, deflection and strength. 11
4.3 Durability of frame and fastenings . 11
4.4 Stability (see A.5) . 11
4.5 Fastening of the upper bed to the lower bed .12
5 Product information .12
5.1 Marking . 12
5.2 Instructions for use .12
5.3 Purchase information . 13
Annex A (informative) Rationale .14
Annex B (informative) Forces, cycles, loads, heights for stability, strength and durability
tests of high beds and bunk beds .15
iii
Foreword
ISO (the International Organization for Standardization) is a worldwide federation of national standards
bodies (ISO member bodies). The work of preparing International Standards is normally carried out
through ISO technical committees. Each member body interested in a subject for which a technical
committee has been established has the right to be represented on that committee. International
organizations, governmental and non-governmental, in liaison with ISO, also take part in the work.
ISO collaborates closely with the International Electrotechnical Commission (IEC) on all matters of
electrotechnical standardization.
The procedures used to develop this document and those intended for its further maintenance are
described in the ISO/IEC Directives, Part 1. In particular the different approval criteria needed for the
different types of ISO documents should be noted. This document was drafted in accordance with the
editorial rules of the ISO/IEC Directives, Part 2 (see www.iso.org/directives).
Attention is drawn to the possibility that some of the elements of this document may be the subject of
patent rights. ISO shall not be held responsible for identifying any or all such patent rights. Details of
any patent rights identified during the development of the document will be in the Introduction and/or
on the ISO list of patent declarations received (see www.iso.org/patents).
Any trade name used in this document is information given for the convenience of users and does not
constitute an endorsement.
For an explanation on the voluntary nature of standards, the meaning of ISO specific terms and
expressions related to conformity assessment, as well as information about ISO's adherence to the
World Trade Organization (WTO) principles in the Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) see the following
URL: www.iso.org/iso/foreword.html.
This document was prepared by ISO/TC 136, Furniture.
This second edition cancels and replaces the first edition (ISO 9098-1:1994), which has been technically
revised.
The main changes are as follows:
— modification of the title;
— specification of the scope;
— terms and definitions of high bed, tread, completely bound opening, partially bound opening, upper
bed, means of access, and handrail added;
— requirements for the materials improved;
— requirements for vertically protruding parts added;
— requirements for accessible holes, gaps and openings added;
— requirements for bed base(s) given in more detail;
— requirements for safety barriers around beds added;
— requirements for means of access added;
— requirements for shear and squeeze points added;
— requirements for platform and stairs added;
— requirements for all other accessible holes, gaps or openings added;
— requirements for strength of means of access: Attachment, deflection and strength added;
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— requirements for strength of frame and fastenings given in more detail;
— requirements for the stability given in more detail;
— requirements for the instructions for use given in more detail;
— requirements for the marking given in more detail;
— requirements for the purchase information added;
— addition of informative Annex A and informative Annex B.
A list of all parts in the ISO 9098 series can be found on the ISO website.
Any feedback or questions on this document should be directed to the user’s national standards body. A
complete listing of these bodies can be found at www.iso.org/members.html.
v
INTERNATIONAL STANDARD ISO 9098-1:2023(E)
Bunk beds and high beds — Safety requirements and
tests —
Part 1:
Safety requirements
1 Scope
This document specifies requirements for the safety, strength and durability of bunk beds and high
beds for domestic and non-domestic use.
It applies to bunk beds and high beds with an internal length greater than 1 400 mm and a maximum
bed base width of 1 200 mm, and with the upper surface of a bed base of 600 mm or more above the
floor.
Requirements for other products incorporated in a bunk bed/high bed, for example a table or storage
furniture, are not included in this document.
This document does not apply to bunk beds and high beds used for special purposes, including but not
limited to prison, the military and fire brigades.
2 Normative reference
The following documents are referred to in the text in such a way that some or all of their content
constitutes requirements of this document. For dated references, only the edition cited applies. For
undated references, the latest edition of the referenced document (including any amendments) applies.
1)
ISO 9098-2:2023, Bunk beds and high beds — Safety requirements and tests — Part 2: Test methods
3 Terms and definitions
For the purposes of this document, the following terms and definitions apply.
ISO and IEC maintain terminology databases for use in standardization at the following addresses:
— ISO Online browsing platform: available at https:// www .iso .org/ obp
— IEC Electropedia: available at https:// www .electropedia .org/
3.1
bunk bed
set of components that can be assembled as two beds, one above the other, where the upper surface of
any bed base is 600 mm or more above floor
3.2
high bed
set of components that can be assembled as a bed, where the upper surface of the top bed base is
600 mm or more above the floor, irrespective of the use to which the space below is put
1) Under preparation. Stage at the time of publication: ISO/FDIS 9098-2:2022.
3.3
bed end structure
upright unit at the head and foot of the bed to which the side rails (3.6) are attached
3.4
bed base
support structure for a mattress
3.5
safety barrier
component intended to prevent an occupant from falling out of the upper bed (3.10) or the high bed (3.2)
3.6
side rail
longitudinal members attached to the bed end structure (3.3) by which the bed base (3.4) can be
supported
3.7
tread
structure intended as a foothold
3.8
completely bound opening
opening that is continuously surrounded
3.9
partially bound opening
opening that is partially surrounded
3.10
upper bed
bed for which the upper surface of its bed base is 600 mm or more above the floor
3.11
means of access
ladder(s) or stairs to facilitate access to and egress from the upper bed or an access platform
3.12
handrail
rail or another component intended to assist the user to balance
4 Safety requirements
4.1 Construction
4.1.1 General
When the bed is fully assembled, accessible edges and corners shall be rounded or chamfered and free
from burrs or sharp edges.
There shall be no open-ended tubes.
All assembly and pilot holes shall be made by the manufacturer.
There shall be no clothes hooks or similar items more than 600 mm from the floor.
If the lowest points of the vertically protruding parts are above 600 mm from the floor, they shall either:
a) have an uninterrupted minimum horizontal dimension of 300 mm without any other vertical
protrusion (see Figure 1 a), or
b) have an uninterrupted vertical dimension of at least 600 mm measured from the highest adjacent
part (see Figure 1 b), or
c) where the largest dimension is 50 mm or more (see Figure 1), have a maximum height at which a
line, drawn at 45° touches it, of not more than 5 mm above at least one adjacent/adjoining horizontal
component; the maximum vertical protrusion above that component shall not exceed 20 % of the
largest horizontal dimension of parts (see Figure 1 c), or
d) where the largest dimension is less than 50 mm, have a maximum height at which a line, drawn at
45° touches it, of not more than 5 mm above at least one adjacent/adjoining horizontal component;
the maximum vertical protrusion above that component shall not exceed 10 mm (see Figure 1) of
parts (see Figure 1 d).
It shall not be possible to dismantle the bed or its components without the use of a tool.
The dimensional requirements apply both before and after testing without re-tightening.
Dimensions in millimetres
Key
1 vertically protruding part
2 highest adjacent part
w width of protruding part
H height of protruding part
v 45° angle to the horizontal
Figure 1 — Examples of a vertically protruding part
4.1.2 Accessible holes, gaps and openings
4.1.2.1 General
Accessible completely bound openings in rigid material shall be with a diameter/width less than 7 mm
or greater than 12 mm, unless the depth is less than 10 mm or unless the shape assessment probe enters
when tested according to 6.3.1 of ISO 9098-2:2023.
Additionally, accessible completely bound openings in safety barriers, bed bases and treads, shall fulfil
the requirements specified in the respective clauses, i.e. 4.1.3, 4.1.4 and 4.1.5.
4.1.2.2 Head entrapment on the outside of the bunk bed/high bed
The following
...
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