ISO/ASTM 52939:2023

Additive manufacturing for construction — Qualification principles — Structural and infrastructure elements

This document specifies quality assurance requirements for additive construction (AC) concerning building and construction projects in which additive manufacturing techniques are used for construction. The requirements are independent of the material(s) and process category used. This document does not apply to metals. This document specifies the criteria for additive construction processes, quality-relevant characteristics, and factors along AC system operations. It further specifies activities and sequences within an AC cell (additive construction site) and project. This document applies to all additive manufacturing technologies in building and construction (load bearing and non-load bearing), structural and infrastructure building elements for residential and commercial applications and follows an approach oriented to the process. This document does not cover environmental, health and safety aspects that apply to printing facility setup, material handling, operating of robotic equipment, and packing of equipment and/or elements for shipping but material supplier guidelines, robotic solution operating guidelines, and local and regional requirements are applicable. This document does not cover design approvals, material properties characterization and testing.

Fabrication additive pour la construction — Principes de qualification — Éléments de structure et d'infrastructure

Le présent document spécifie les exigences d'assurance qualité applicables à la construction additive (CA) pour des projets dans le domaine du bâtiment et de la construction, et impliquant des techniques de fabrication additive. Les exigences ne dépendent pas du ou des matériaux ni de la catégorie de procédé utilisés. Le présent document ne s'applique pas aux métaux. Le présent document spécifie les critères pour les procédés de construction additive, les caractéristiques significatives pour la qualité et les facteurs liés aux opérations du système de CA. Il spécifie en outre les activités et séquences mises en place au sein d'une cellule de CA (site de construction additive) et d'un projet de CA. Le présent document s'applique à l'ensemble des technologies de fabrication additive dans le domaine du bâtiment et de la construction (avec ou sans charge), concernant des éléments de construction structurels et d'infrastructure de nature résidentielle ou commerciale; il développe une approche orientée processus. Le présent document ne couvre pas les aspects relatifs à l'environnement, à la santé et à la sécurité applicables au réglage de l'installation d'impression, à la manipulation des matériaux, au fonctionnement de l'équipement robotisé, et à l'emballage de l'équipement et/ou des éléments pour livraison; cependant, les recommandations du fournisseur de matériaux, les instructions d'utilisation des solutions robotiques et les exigences locales et régionales le prescrivent. Le présent document ne traite pas de l'approbation de conception, de la caractérisation des propriétés des matériaux ni des essais.

General Information

• Status: Published
• Publication Date: 03-Dec-2023
• ICS: 25.030 - Additive manufacturing
• Technical Committee: ISO/TC 261 - Additive manufacturing
• Drafting Committee: ISO/TC 261 - Additive manufacturing
• Current Stage: 6060 - International Standard published
• Start Date: 04-Dec-2023
• Due Date: 09-Aug-2024
• Completion Date: 04-Dec-2023

Standards Content (Sample)

INTERNATIONAL ISO/ASTM
STANDARD 52939
First edition
2023-12
Additive manufacturing for
construction — Qualification
principles — Structural and
infrastructure elements
Fabrication additive pour la construction — Principes de
qualification — Éléments de structure et d'infrastructure
Reference number
© ISO/ASTM International 2023
© ISO/ASTM International 2023
All rights reserved. Unless otherwise specified, or required in the context of its implementation, no part of this publication may
be reproduced or utilized otherwise in any form or by any means, electronic or mechanical, including photocopying, or posting on
the internet or an intranet, without prior written permission. Permission can be requested from either ISO at the address below
or ISO’s member body in the country of the requester. In the United States, such requests should be sent to ASTM International.
ISO copyright office ASTM International
CP 401 • Ch. de Blandonnet 8 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700
CH-1214 Vernier, Geneva West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959, USA
Phone: [phone] Phone: [phone]
Fax: [phone]
Email: [e-mail] Email: [e-mail]
Website: www.iso.org Website: www.astm.org
Published in Switzerland
ii
© ISO/ASTM International 2023 – All rights reserved

Contents Page
Foreword .iv
Introduction .v
1 Scope . 1
2 Normative references . 1
3  Terms and definitions . 1
4 Constructability, assessment and review. 3
4.1 General . 3
4.2 AC feasibility assessment . 4
4.3 Validation plan . 5
5 Infrastructure of the AC cell . 5
6  Qualification of the additive construction process. 8
6.1 Quality-relevant process steps within the additive construction process . 8
6.2 Data preparation . 9
6.3 Requirements for the material management . 10
6.4 System related pre-processing. 11
6.5 Built process guidance .12
6.6 System (default) post-processing . 13
6.7 Process qualification . 14
7 Quality assurance .15
7.1 General . 15
7.2 Personnel requirements . .15
7.3 Documentation and tracing of the process steps . 16
7.4 Quality controls . 17
7.5 Delivery and logistics . 18
Annex A (informative) Supplementary information .19
Annex B (informative) Examples for AC quality assurance .28
Annex C (informative) Examples for quality assurance steps in built process guidance .34
Annex D (informative)  Examples for specific processes .36
Bibliography .38
iii
© ISO/ASTM International 2023 – All rights reserved

Foreword
ISO (the International Organization for Standardization) is a worldwide federation of national standards
bodies (ISO member bodies). The work of preparing International Standards is normally carried out
through ISO technical committees. Each member body interested in a subject for which a technical
committee has been established has the right to be represented on that committee. International
organizations, governmental and non-governmental, in liaison with ISO, also take part in the work.
ISO collaborates closely with the International Electrotechnical Commission (IEC) on all matters of
electrotechnical standardization.
The procedures used to develop this document and those intended for its further maintenance are
described in the ISO/IEC Directives, Part 1. In particular, the different approval criteria needed for the
different types of ISO document should be noted. This document was drafted in accordance with the
editorial rules of the ISO/IEC Directives, Part 2 (see www.iso.org/directives).
ISO draws attention to the possibility that the implementation of this document may involve the use
of (a) patent(s). ISO takes no position concerning the evidence, validity or applicability of any claimed
patent rights in respect thereof. As of the date of publication of this document, ISO had not received
notice of (a) patent(s) which may be required to implement this document. However, implementers are
cautioned that this may not represent the latest information, which may be obtained from the patent
database available at www.iso.org/patents. ISO shall not be held responsible for identifying any or all
such patent rights.
Any trade name used in this document is information given for the convenience of users and does not
constitute an endorsement.
For an explanation of the voluntary nature of standards, the meaning of ISO specific terms and
expressions related to conformity assessment, as well as information about ISO's adherence to
the World Trade Organization (WTO) principles in the Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT), see
www.iso.org/iso/foreword.html.
This document was prepared by Technical Committee ISO/TC 261, Additive manufacturing, in
cooperation with ASTM Committee F42, Additive Manufacturing Technologies, on the basis of a
partnership agreement between ISO and ASTM International with the aim to create a common set of
ISO/ASTM standards on Additive Manufacturing and in collaboration with the European Committee for
Standardization (CEN) Technical Committee CEN/TC 438, Additive manufacturing, in accordance with
the Agreement on technical cooperation between ISO and CEN (Vienna Agreement).
Any feedback or questions on this document should be directed to the user’s national standards body. A
complete listing of these bodies can be found at www.iso.org/members.html.
iv
© ISO/ASTM International 2023 – All rights reserved

Introduction
The construction sector is increasingly facing challenges with respect to labour shortages, project delays,
increased lead times, excessive material use, large amounts of waste and adverse CO footprint impacts.
Furthermore, from a market perspective, the global construction demand is increasing especially as the
housing crisis continues and infrastructure projects (whether new or sustaining existing structures)
are on the increase. Additive construction (AC) also known as additive manufacturing for construction
(AMC) and 3D construction printing (3DCP) has the potential to address these issues directly.
Of late, AC has made great strides. Printed elements could potentially prove to be more durable,
more sustainable, more eco-friendly, cheaper (en masse), and faster to deliver than conventional
construction approaches. However, without AC standards, approval, certification, and risk mitigation
are unattainable.
The purpose of this document is to outline the requirements necessary as a basis for production and
delivery of high quality additively manufactured structures (residential or infrastructure) in the
construction sector.
Important steps of the AC process are specified. These steps will be controlled and monitored to
ensure high quality printed structures for on-site or off-site use. This document is not intended to be
technology- or material-specific, and therefore sub-processes are applicable depending on the approach
used. However, it should be noted that printed element(s) should be approved by a locally certified
engineer and adhere to both local and regional specifications and requirements.
v
© ISO/ASTM International 2023 – All rights reserved

INTERNATIONAL STANDARD ISO/ASTM 52939:2023(E)
Additive manufacturing for construction — Qualification
principles — Structural and infrastructure elements
1 Scope
This document specifies quality assurance requirements for additive construction (AC) concerning
building and construction projects in which additive manufacturing techniques are used for
construction. The requirements are independent of the material(s) and process category used.
This document does not apply to metals.
This document specifies the criteria for additive construction processes, quality-relevant
characteristics, and factors along AC system operations. It further specifies activities and sequences
within an AC cell (additive construction site) and project.
This document applies to all additive manufacturing technologies in building and construction (load
bearing and non-load bearing), structural and infrastructure building elements for residential and
commercial applications and follows an approach oriented to the process.
This document does not cover environmental, health and safety aspects that apply to printing facility
setup, material handling, operating of robotic equipment, and packing of equipment and/or elements for
shipping but material supplier guidelines, robotic solution operating guidelines, and local and regional
requirements are applicable.
This document does not cover design approvals, material properties characterization and testing.
2 Normative references
The following documents are referred to in the text in such a way that some or all of their content
constitutes requirements of this document. For dated references, only the edition cited applies. For
undated references, the latest edition of the referenced document (including any amendments) applies.
ISO/ASTM 52900, Additive manufacturing — General principles — Fundamentals and vocabulary
ISO/ASTM 52950, Additive manufacturing — General principles — Overview of data processing
3  Terms and definitions
For the purposes of this document, the terms and definitions given in ISO/ASTM 52900 and the
following apply.
ISO and IEC maintain terminology databases for use in standardization at the following addresses:
— ISO Online browsing platform: available at https:// www .iso .org/ obp
— IEC Electropedia: available at https:// www .electropedia .org/
3.1
additive manufacturing for construction
AMC
process to join materials to make structural and non-structural elements/components and systems
from 3D model data usually by depositing material layer upon layer as opposed to subtractive and
formative manufacturing methodologies
© ISO/ASTM International 2023 – All rights reserved

3.2
additive construction
AC
term to describe all relevant disciplines and knowledge for the construction segment using additive
manufacturing process categories
Note 1 to entry: The use of the technologies covers all relevant construction sectors, for example large scale real
estate projects, entire buildings and
...

NORME ISO/ASTM
INTERNATIONALE 52939
Première édition
2023-12
Fabrication additive pour la
construction — Principes de
qualification — Éléments de structure
et d'infrastructure
Additive manufacturing for construction — Qualification principles
— Structural and infrastructure elements
Numéro de référence
© ISO/ASTM International 2023
DOCUMENT PROTÉGÉ PAR COPYRIGHT
© ISO/ASTM International 2023
Tous droits réservés. Sauf prescription différente ou nécessité dans le contexte de sa mise en œuvre, aucune partie de cette
publication ne peut être reproduite ni utilisée sous quelque forme que ce soit et par aucun procédé, électronique ou mécanique,
y compris la photocopie, ou la diffusion sur l’internet ou un intranet, sans autorisation écrite soit de l’ISO à l’adresse ci-après,
soit d’un organisme membre de l’ISO dans le pays du demandeur. Aux États-Unis, les demandes doivent être adressées à ASTM
International.
ISO copyright office ASTM International
Case postale 401 • Ch. de Blandonnet 8 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700
CH-1214 Vernier, Genève West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959, USA
Tél.: [phone] Tél.: [phone]
Fax: [phone]
E-mail: [e-mail] E-mail: [e-mail]
Web: www.iso.org Web: www.astm.org
Publié en Suisse
ii
© ISO/ASTM International 2023 – Tous droits réservés

Sommaire Page
Avant-propos .iv
Introduction .v
1 Domaine d'application .1
2 Références normatives .1
3 Termes et définitions . 1
4 Constructibilité, évaluation et examen . 4
4.1 Généralités . 4
4.2 Évaluation de la faisabilité de CA . 4
4.3 Plan de validation . 6
5 Infrastructure de la cellule de CA .6
6 Qualification du procédé de construction additive . 8
6.1 Étapes du processus de qualité dans le procédé de construction additive . 8
6.2 Préparation des données . 10
6.3 Exigences relatives à la gestion des matériaux . 11
6.4 Pré-traitement du système . 12
6.5 Conduite du procédé de fabrication . 13
6.6 Post-traitement (par défaut) du système . 15
6.7 Qualification du procédé .15
7 Assurance qualité .16
7.1 Généralités . 16
7.2 Exigences relatives au personnel . 17
7.3 Documentation et suivi des étapes du procédé . 17
7.4 Contrôles qualité . 18
7.5 Livraison et logistique . 20
Annexe A (informative) Informations supplémentaires .21
Annexe B (informative) Exemples d'assurance qualité de CA .30
Annexe C (informative) Exemples d'étapes d'assurance qualité concernant la conduite du
procédé de fabrication .36
Annexe D (informative) Exemples de procédés spécifiques .38
Bibliographie .40
iii
© ISO/ASTM International 2023 – Tous droits réservés

Avant-propos
L'ISO (Organisation internationale de normalisation) est une fédération mondiale d'organismes
nationaux de normalisation (comités membres de l'ISO). L'élaboration des Normes internationales est
en général confiée aux comités techniques de l'ISO. Chaque comité membre intéressé par une étude
a le droit de faire partie du comité technique créé à cet effet. Les organisations internationales,
gouvernementales et non gouvernementales, en liaison avec l'ISO participent également aux travaux.
L'ISO collabore étroitement avec la Commission électrotechnique internationale (IEC) en ce qui
concerne la normalisation électrotechnique.
Les procédures utilisées pour élaborer le présent document et celles destinées à sa mise à jour sont
décrites dans les Directives ISO/IEC, Partie 1. Il convient, en particulier de prendre note des différents
critères d'approbation requis pour les différents types de document ISO. Le présent document a
été rédigé conformément aux règles de rédaction données dans les Directives ISO/IEC, Partie 2
(voir www.iso.org/directives).
L’ISO attire l’attention sur le fait que la mise en application du présent document peut entraîner
l’utilisation d’un ou de plusieurs brevets. L’ISO ne prend pas position quant à la preuve, à la validité
et à l’applicabilité de tout droit de brevet revendiqué à cet égard. À la date de publication du présent
document, l’ISO n'avait pas reçu notification qu’un ou plusieurs brevets pouvaient être nécessaires à sa
mise en application. Toutefois, il y a lieu d’avertir les responsables de la mise en application du présent
document que des informations plus récentes sont susceptibles de figurer dans la base de données de
brevets, disponible à l'adresse www.iso.org/brevets. L’ISO ne saurait être tenue pour responsable de ne
pas avoir identifié tout ou partie de tels droits de propriété.
Les appellations commerciales éventuellement mentionnées dans le présent document sont données
pour information, par souci de commodité, à l'intention des utilisateurs et ne sauraient constituer un
engagement.
Pour une explication de la nature volontaire des normes, la signification des termes et expressions
spécifiques de l'ISO liés à l'évaluation de la conformité, ou pour toute information au sujet de l'adhésion
de l'ISO aux principes de l'Organisation mondiale du commerce (OMC) concernant les Obstacles
techniques au commerce (OTC), voir www.iso.org/iso/fr/avant-propos.
Le présent document a été élaboré par le Comité technique l'ISO/TC 261, Fabrication additive, en
coopération avec l'ASTM F 42, Technologies de fabrication additive, dans le cadre d'un accord de
partenariat entre l'ISO et ASTM International dans le but de créer un ensemble commun de normes ISO/
ASTM sur la fabrication additive et en collaboration avec le Comité technique CEN/TC 438 Fabrication
additive du Comité européen de normalisation (CEN), conformément à l’Accord de coopération technique
entre l’ISO et le CEN (Accord de Vienne).
Il convient que tout retour d'information ou toute question sur le présent document soit adressé à
l'organisme national de normalisation de l'utilisateur. Une liste exhaustive desdits organismes se
trouve à l'adresse https://www.iso.org/fr/members.html.
iv
© ISO/ASTM International 2023 – Tous droits réservés

Introduction
Le secteur de la construction fait face à un nombre croissant de défis: pénurie de main d'œuvre, délais
toujours plus courts accordés aux projets, allongement des délais d'exécution, utilisation des matériaux
en quantité excessive, quantités importantes de déchets et impacts néfastes de l'empreinte carbone. En
outre, du point de vue du marché, la demande mondiale de construction augmente, notamment en raison
de la crise du logement et de la multiplication des projets d'infrastructure (qu'il s'agisse de nouvelles
structures ou du maintien de structures existantes). La construction additive (CA), également connue
sous le nom de fabrication additive pour la construction (FAC) ou d'impression pour la construction en
3D (3DCP) renferme le potentiel nécessaire pour répondre de manière directe à ces problématiques.
Dernièrement, la CA a réalisé des progrès considérables. Les éléments imprimés pourraient s'avérer
plus durables, plus viables, plus écologiques, moins chers (en masse) et plus rapides à mettre en œuvre
que les méthodes de construction traditionnelles. Cependant, en l'absence de normes de CA, toute
approbation, certification et atténuation des risques est impossible.
Le présent document a vocation à mettre en évidence les exigences nécessaires sur lesquelles s'appuient
la production et la distribution de structures créées par fabrication additive de grande qualité
(bâtiments résidentiels ou infrastructures) dans le secteur de la construction.
Les étapes importantes du procédé de CA sont spécifiées. Ces étapes seront contrôlées et surveillées
afin d'assurer la qualité des structures imprimées utilisées sur site ou hors site. Le présent document
n'a pas vocation à traiter spécifiquement d'une technologie ou d'un matériau donné; par conséquent,
les sous-procédés à appliquer dépendent de l'approche retenue. Il convient cependant de noter qu'il
est recommandé de faire approuver le ou les éléments imprimés par un ingénieur certifié localement,
et faire en sorte que le ou les éléments imprimés respectent les spécifications et exigences locales et
régionales.
v
© ISO/ASTM International 2023 – Tous droits réservés

NORME INTERNATIONALE ISO/ASTM 52939:2023(F)
Fabrication additive pour la construction — Principes de
qualification — Éléments de structure et d'infrastructure
1 Domaine d'application
Le présent document spécifie les exigences d'assurance qualité applicables à la construction additive
(CA) pour des projets dans le domaine du bâtiment et de la construction, et impliquant des techniques
de fabrication additive. Les exigences ne dépendent pas du ou des matériaux ni de la catégorie de
procédé utilisés.
Le présent document ne s'applique pas aux métaux.
Le présent document spécifie les critères pour les procédés de construction additive, les caractéristiques
significatives pour la qualité et les facteurs liés aux opérations du système de CA. Il spécifie en outre les
activités et séquences mises en place au sein d'une cellule de CA (site de construction additive) et d'un
projet de CA.
Le présent document s'applique à l'ensemble des technologies de fabrication additive dans le domaine
du bâtiment et de la construction (avec ou sans charge), concernant des éléments de construction
structurels et d'infrastructure de nature résidentielle ou commerciale; il développe une approche
orientée processus.
Le présent document ne couvre pas les aspects relatifs à l'environnement, à la santé et à la sécurité
applicables au réglage de l'installation d'impression, à la manipulation des matériaux, au fonctionnement
de l'équipement robotisé, et à l'emballage de l'équipement et/ou des éléments pour livraison; cependant,
les recommandations du fournisseur de matériaux, les instructions d'utilisation des solutions
robotiques et les exigences locales et régionales le prescrivent.
Le présent document ne traite pas de l'approbation de conception, de la caractérisation des propriétés
des matériaux ni des essais.
2 Références normatives
Les documents suivants cités dans le texte constituent, pour tout ou partie de leur contenu, des
exigences du présent document. Pour les références datées, seule l'édition citée s'applique. Pour les
références non datées, la dernière édition du document de référence s'applique (y compris les éventue
...

FINAL
INTERNATIONAL ISO/ASTM
DRAFT
STANDARD FDIS
ISO/TC 261
Additive manufacturing for
Secretariat: DIN
construction — Qualification
Voting begins on:
2023-09-04 principles — Structural and
infrastructure elements
Voting terminates on:
2023-10-30
Fabrication additive pour la construction — Principes de
qualification — Éléments de structure et d'infrastructure
ISO/CEN PARALLEL PROCESSING
RECIPIENTS OF THIS DRAFT ARE INVITED TO
SUBMIT, WITH THEIR COMMENTS, NOTIFICATION
OF ANY RELEVANT PATENT RIGHTS OF WHICH
THEY ARE AWARE AND TO PROVIDE SUPPOR TING
DOCUMENTATION.
IN ADDITION TO THEIR EVALUATION AS
Reference number
BEING ACCEPTABLE FOR INDUSTRIAL, TECHNO-
ISO/ASTM FDIS 52939:2023(E)
LOGICAL, COMMERCIAL AND USER PURPOSES,
DRAFT INTERNATIONAL STANDARDS MAY ON
OCCASION HAVE TO BE CONSIDERED IN THE
LIGHT OF THEIR POTENTIAL TO BECOME STAN-
DARDS TO WHICH REFERENCE MAY BE MADE IN
NATIONAL REGULATIONS. © ISO/ASTM International 2023

ISO/ASTM FDIS 52939:2023(E)
FINAL
INTERNATIONAL ISO/ASTM
DRAFT
STANDARD FDIS
ISO/TC 261
Additive manufacturing for
Secretariat: DIN
construction — Qualification
Voting begins on:
principles — Structural and
infrastructure elements
Voting terminates on:
Fabrication additive pour la construction — Principes de
qualification — Eléments de structure et d'infrastructure
© ISO/ASTM International 2023
All rights reserved. Unless otherwise specified, or required in the context of its implementation, no part of this publication may
ISO/CEN PARALLEL PROCESSING
be reproduced or utilized otherwise in any form or by any means, electronic or mechanical, including photocopying, or posting on
the internet or an intranet, without prior written permission. Permission can be requested from either ISO at the address below
or ISO’s member body in the country of the requester. In the United States, such requests should be sent to ASTM International.
ISO copyright office ASTM International
RECIPIENTS OF THIS DRAFT ARE INVITED TO
CP 401 • Ch. de Blandonnet 8 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700
SUBMIT, WITH THEIR COMMENTS, NOTIFICATION
OF ANY RELEVANT PATENT RIGHTS OF WHICH
CH-1214 Vernier, Geneva West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959, USA
THEY ARE AWARE AND TO PROVIDE SUPPOR TING
Phone: [phone] Phone: [phone]
DOCUMENTATION.
Fax: [phone]
IN ADDITION TO THEIR EVALUATION AS
Reference number
Email: [e-mail] Email: [e-mail]
BEING ACCEPTABLE FOR INDUSTRIAL, TECHNO­
ISO/ASTM FDIS 52939:2023(E)
Website: www.iso.org Website: www.astm.org
LOGICAL, COMMERCIAL AND USER PURPOSES,
DRAFT INTERNATIONAL STANDARDS MAY ON
Published in Switzerland
OCCASION HAVE TO BE CONSIDERED IN THE
LIGHT OF THEIR POTENTIAL TO BECOME STAN­
DARDS TO WHICH REFERENCE MAY BE MADE IN
ii
© ISO/ASTM International 2023 – All rights reserved
NATIONAL REGULATIONS. © ISO/ASTM International 2023

ISO/ASTM FDIS 52939:2023(E)
Contents Page
Foreword .iv
Introduction .v
1 Scope . 1
2 Normative references . 1
3  Terms and definitions . 1
4 Constructability, assessment and review. 3
4.1 General . 3
4.2 AC feasibility assessment . 4
4.3 Validation plan . 5
5 Infrastructure of the AC cell . 5
6  Qualification of the additive construction process. 8
6.1 Quality-relevant process steps within the additive construction process . 8
6.2 Data preparation . 9
6.3 Requirements for the material management . 10
6.4 System related pre-processing. 11
6.5 Built process guidance .12
6.6 System (default) post-processing . 13
6.7 Process qualification . 14
7 Quality assurance .15
7.1 General . 15
7.2 Personnel requirements . .15
7.3 Documentation and tracing of the process steps . 16
7.4 Quality controls . 17
7.5 Delivery and logistics . 18
Annex A (informative) Supplementary information .19
Annex B (informative) Examples for AC quality assurance .28
Annex C (informative) Examples for quality assurance steps in built process guidance .34
Annex D (informative)  Examples for specific processes .36
Bibliography .38
iii
© ISO/ASTM International 2023 – All rights reserved

ISO/ASTM FDIS 52939:2023(E)
Foreword
ISO (the International Organization for Standardization) is a worldwide federation of national standards
bodies (ISO member bodies). The work of preparing International Standards is normally carried out
through ISO technical committees. Each member body interested in a subject for which a technical
committee has been established has the right to be represented on that committee. International
organizations, governmental and non­governmental, in liaison with ISO, also take part in the work.
ISO collaborates closely with the International Electrotechnical Commission (IEC) on all matters of
electrotechnical standardization.
The procedures used to develop this document and those intended for its further maintenance are
described in the ISO/IEC Directives, Part 1. In particular, the different approval criteria needed for the
different types of ISO document should be noted. This document was drafted in accordance with the
editorial rules of the ISO/IEC Directives, Part 2 (see www.iso.org/directives).
ISO draws attention to the possibility that the implementation of this document may involve the use
of (a) patent(s). ISO takes no position concerning the evidence, validity or applicability of any claimed
patent rights in respect thereof. As of the date of publication of this document, ISO had not received
notice of (a) patent(s) which may be required to implement this document. However, implementers are
cautioned that this may not represent the latest information, which may be obtained from the patent
database available at www.iso.org/patents. ISO shall not be held responsible for identifying any or all
such patent rights.
Any trade name used in this document is information given for the convenience of users and does not
constitute an endorsement.
For an explanation of the voluntary nature of standards, the meaning of ISO specific terms and
expressions related to conformity assessment, as well as information about ISO's adherence to
the World Trade Organization (WTO) principles in the Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT), see
www.iso.org/iso/foreword.html.
This document was prepared by Technical Committee ISO/TC 261, Additive manufacturing, in
cooperation with ASTM Committee F42, Additive Manufacturing Technologies, on the basis of a
partnership agreement between ISO and ASTM International with the aim to create a common set of
ISO/ASTM standards on Additive Manufacturing and in collaboration with the European Committee for
Standardization (CEN) Technical Committee CEN/TC 438, Additive manufacturing, in accordance with
the Agreement on technical cooperation between ISO and CEN (Vienna Agreement).
Any feedback or questions on this document should be directed to the user’s national standards body. A
complete listing of these bodies can be found at www.iso.org/members.html.
iv
© ISO/ASTM International 2023 – All rights reserved

ISO/ASTM FDIS 52939:2023(E)
Introduction
The construction sector is increasingly facing challenges with respect to labour shortages, project delays,
increased lead times, excessive material use, large amounts of waste and adverse CO footprint impacts.
Furthermore, from a market perspective, the global construction demand is increasing especially as the
housing crisis continues and infrastructure projects (whether new or sustaining existing structures)
are on the increase. Additive construction (AC) also known as additive manufacturing for construction
(AMC) and 3D construction printing (3DCP) has the potential to address these issues directly.
Of late, AC has made great strides. Printed elements could potentially prove to be more durable,
more sustainable, more eco-friendly, cheaper (en masse), and faster to deliver than conventional
construction approaches. However, without AC standards, approval, certification, and risk mitigation
are unattainable.
The purpose of this document is to outline the requirements necessary as a basis for production and
delivery of high quality additively manufactured structures (residential or infrastructure) in the
construction sector.
Important steps of the AC process are specified. These steps will be controlled and monitored to
ensure high quality printed structures for on-site or off-site use. This document is not intended to be
technology- or material-specific, and therefore sub-processes are applicable depending on the approach
used. However, it should be noted that printed element(s) should be approved by a locally certified
engineer and adhere to both local and regional specifications and requirements.
v
© ISO/ASTM International 2023 – All rights reserved

INTERNATIONAL STANDARD ISO/ASTM FDIS 52939:2023(E)
Additive manufacturing for construction — Qualification
principles — Structural and infrastructure elements
1 Scope
This document specifies quality assurance requirements for additive construction (AC) concerning
building and construction projects in which additive manufacturing techniques are used for
construction. The requirements are independent of the material(s) and process category used.
This document does not apply to metals.
This document specifies the criteria for additive construction processes, quality-relevant
characteristics, and factors along AC system operations. It further specifies activities and sequences
within an AC cell (additive construction site) and project.
This document applies to all additive manufacturing technologies in building and construction (load
bearing and non­load bearing), structural and infrastructure building elements for residential and
commercial applications and follows an approach oriented to the process.
This document does not cover environmental, health and safety aspects that apply to printing facility
setup, material handling, operating of robotic equipment, and packing of equipment and/or elements
for shipping but should be applied based on material supplier guidelines, robotic solution operating
guidelines, and local and regional requirements.
This document does not cover design approvals, material properties characterization and testing.
2 Normative references
The followin
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ISO/ASTM FDIS 52939:2023(E)
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ISO TC 261
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at 18 pt
Date: 2023-06-25xx
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Additive manufacturing for construction — Qualification principles — Structural and
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infrastructure elements
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Fabrication additive pour la construction — Principes de qualification — Eléments de structure et
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d'infrastructure
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ISO/ASTM FDIS 52939:2023(E)
© ISO/ASTM International 2023
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All rights reserved. Unless otherwise specified, or required in the context of its implementation,
no part of this publication may be reproduced or utilized otherwise in any form or by any means,
electronic or mechanical, including photocopying, or posting on the internet or an intranet,
without prior written permission. Permission can be requested from either ISO at the address
below or ISO’s member body in the country of the requester. In the United States, such requests
should be sent to ASTM International.
ISO copyright office ASTM International
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CH-1214 Vernier, Geneva West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959, USA
Phone: [phone] Phone: [phone]
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Email: [e-mail]@iso.org Email: [e-mail]
Website: www.iso.orgwww.iso.org Website: www.astm.orgwww.astm.org
ii © ISO/ASTM International 2023 – All rights reserved

ISO/ASTM FDIS 52939:2023(E)
Contents
Foreword . iv
Introduction . v
1 Scope . 1
2 Normative references . 1
3 Terms and definitions . 1
4 Constructability, Assessment and Review . 3
4.1 General . 3
4.2 AC feasibility assessment . 4
4.3 Validation plan . 5
5 Infrastructure of the AC cell . 5
6 Qualification of the additive construction process . 7
6.1 Quality-relevant process steps within the additive construction process . 7
6.2 Data preparation . 8
6.3 Requirements for the material management . 9
6.4 System related pre-processing. 10
6.5 Built Process guidance . 11
6.6 System (default) post-processing . 12
6.7 Process qualification . 12
7 Quality assurance . 13
7.1 General . 13
7.2 Personnel requirements . 14
7.3 Documentation and tracing of the process steps . 14
7.4 Quality controls . 15
7.5 Delivery and Logistics . 16
Annex A (informative) Supplementary Information . 17
A.1 AC Element specific post-processing . 17
A.1.1 AC Structure-related final processing . 17
A.1.2 AC Element testing (separate individual or random sample testing) . 17
A.2 Example of series qualification . 17
A.3 Overview: Standards framework for AC centers (on/off site) . 18
A.4 Notes on process deviations . 29
A.4.1 General . 29
A.4.2 Appearance on the AC element . 29
Annex B (informative) AC Exemplary Quality Assurance Examples . 30
Annex C (informative) Examples of Quality Assurance steps in Built Process Guidance . 32
Annex D (informative) Specific Process Examples . 34
Bibliography . 37Foreword iv
© ISO/ASTM International 2023 – All rights reserved iii

ISO/ASTM FDIS 52939:2023(E)
Introduction . v
1 Scope . 1
2 Normative references . 1
3 Terms and definitions . 1
4 Constructability, Assessment and Review . 3
4.1 General . 3
4.2 AC feasibility assessment . 4
4.3 Validation plan . 5
5 Infrastructure of the AC cell . 5
6 Qualification of the additive construction process . 7
6.1 Quality-relevant process steps within the additive construction process . 7
6.2 Data preparation . 8
6.3 Requirements for the material management . 9
6.4 System related pre-processing . 10
6.5 Built Process guidance . 11
6.6 System (default) post-processing . 12
6.7 Process qualification . 12
7 Quality assurance . 13
7.1 General . 13
7.2 Personnel requirements . 14
7.3 Documentation and tracing of the process steps . 14
7.4 Quality controls . 15
7.5 Delivery and Logistics . 16
Annex A (informative) Supplementary Information . 17
Annex B (informative) AC Exemplary Quality Assurance Examples . 30
Annex C (informative) Examples of Quality Assurance steps in Built Process Guidance . 32
Annex D (informative) Specific Process Examples . 34
Bibliography . 37
iv © ISO/ASTM International 2023 – All rights reserved

ISO/ASTM FDIS 52939:2023(E)
Foreword
ISO (the International Organization for Standardization) is a worldwide federation of national
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standards bodies (ISO member bodies). The work of preparing International Standards is normally
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described in the ISO/IEC Directives, Part 1. In particular, the different approval criteria needed for the
different types of ISO documentsdocument should be noted. This document was drafted in accordance
with the editorial rules of the ISO/IEC Directives, Part 2 (see
www.iso.org/directives).www.iso.org/directives).
Attention is drawnISO draws attention to the possibility that some of the elementsimplementation of
this document may beinvolve the subjectuse of (a) patent(s). ISO takes no position concerning the
evidence, validity or applicability of any claimed patent rights. in respect thereof. As of the date of
publication of this document, ISO had not received notice of (a) patent(s) which may be required to
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The committee responsible for thisThis document iswas prepared by Technical Committee ISO/TC 261,
Additive manufacturing, in cooperation with ASTM Committee F42, Additive Manufacturing
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Technologies, on the basis of a partnership agreement between ISO and ASTM International with the
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aim to create a common set of ISO/ASTM standards on Additive Manufacturing and in collabora
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