Ambient air - Determination of sulfur dioxide - Ultraviolet fluorescence method

ISO 10498:2004 describes an ultraviolet fluorescence method for sampling and determining sulfur dioxide (SO2) concentrations in the ambient air using automatic analysers. ISO 10498:2004 is applicable to the determination of sulfur dioxide mass concentrations of a few micrograms per cubic metre to a few milligrams per cubic metre or, expressed in terms of volume fraction, from a few microlitres per cubic metre to a few millilitres per cubic metre.

Air ambiant — Dosage du dioxyde de soufre — Méthode par fluorescence dans l'ultraviolet

L'ISO 10498:2004 décrit une méthode par fluorescence dans l'ultraviolet pour l'échantillonnage et la détermination des concentrations en dioxyde de soufre (SO2) de l'air ambiant au moyen d'analyseurs automatiques. L'ISO 10498:2004 s'applique à la détermination des concentrations en dioxyde de soufre dans une plage allant de quelques microgrammes par mètre cube à quelques milligrammes par mètre cube ou, en termes de fractions volumique, de quelques microlitres par mètre cube à quelques millilitres par mètre cube.

Zunanji zrak – Določevanje žveplovega dioksida – Metoda ultravijolične fluorescence

General Information

Status
Published
Publication Date
10-Jun-2004
Current Stage
9093 - International Standard confirmed
Start Date
18-Sep-2022
Completion Date
13-Dec-2025

Overview

ISO 10498:2004 - Ambient air: Determination of sulfur dioxide (SO2) by ultraviolet fluorescence specifies an automatic-analyser method for sampling and measuring SO2 in ambient air. The standard covers measurement ranges from a few micrograms per cubic metre up to a few milligrams per cubic metre (or, in volume terms, from µL/m3 to mL/m3). It defines the measurement principle, calibration requirements, sampling and instrument components, and routine quality-control procedures to ensure accurate, traceable SO2 measurements.

Key topics and technical requirements

  • Measurement principle: Ultraviolet fluorescence - SO2 is excited by UV (≈200–220 nm) and emits fluorescence (≈240–420 nm); intensity is proportional to SO2 concentration.
  • Instrumentation: Components include UV lamp (stabilized supply), reaction chamber, optical filters, photomultiplier detector, modulator, selective traps for interferents, flow controller, pressure regulator and pump.
  • Calibration: Instruments are not absolute - regular calibration against primary calibration gas standards is required. Calibration protocol includes zero air, span gas and at least five calibration points across the measurement range. Calibration gas flow to the manifold should exceed instrument demand by ≥20%.
  • Zero air and calibration gases: Zero air must contain no detectable SO2 and have O2 within ±2% of normal air (20.9%). Primary calibration methods referenced include static volumetric dilution, permeation tubes, TCM method and gravimetric gas preparation.
  • Interferences and controls: Potential interferents: hydrogen sulfide (H2S), aromatic hydrocarbons, nitric oxide (NO), water vapor and low-molecular-weight mercaptans. Selective traps/scrubbers and optical filtering are required; temperature and pressure compensation or correction is necessary.
  • Sampling line and materials: Use chemically inert materials (e.g., fluorocarbon polymer or glass). Minimize residence time; heat lines or cell above dewpoint to prevent condensation. Particulate inlet filters should be inert and not retain SO2.
  • Quality assurance & maintenance: Routine zero/span checks (preferably daily, at least weekly), regular servicing (recommended semi‑annually or annually) and comparison of transfer standards with primary standards.

Applications and users

ISO 10498:2004 is used for:

  • Regulatory ambient-air monitoring and compliance reporting
  • Continuous urban/regional air quality networks and meteorological stations
  • Environmental laboratories and reference measurement facilities
  • Instrument manufacturers, calibration laboratories and field-service technicians
  • Research applications requiring traceable SO2 time-series or concentration maps

Using ISO 10498 ensures consistency, comparability and traceability of SO2 data for health impact assessments, emissions control, air quality management and regulatory enforcement.

Related standards

Standards referenced by ISO 10498:2004 include:

  • ISO 4219 (sampling equipment)
  • ISO 6142, ISO 6144, ISO 6145 (calibration gas preparation methods)
  • ISO 6349 (permeation method)
  • ISO 6767 (TCM/pararosaniline SO2 method)
  • ISO 9169 (performance characteristics of automatic measuring systems)
  • ISO 6879 (operational quality control examples)

These related standards support calibration, sampling best practice and performance verification for traceable SO2 measurement.

Standard

ISO 10498:2004 - Ambient air -- Determination of sulfur dioxide -- Ultraviolet fluorescence method

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ISO 10498:2004 - Air ambiant -- Dosage du dioxyde de soufre -- Méthode par fluorescence dans l'ultraviolet

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Frequently Asked Questions

ISO 10498:2004 is a standard published by the International Organization for Standardization (ISO). Its full title is "Ambient air - Determination of sulfur dioxide - Ultraviolet fluorescence method". This standard covers: ISO 10498:2004 describes an ultraviolet fluorescence method for sampling and determining sulfur dioxide (SO2) concentrations in the ambient air using automatic analysers. ISO 10498:2004 is applicable to the determination of sulfur dioxide mass concentrations of a few micrograms per cubic metre to a few milligrams per cubic metre or, expressed in terms of volume fraction, from a few microlitres per cubic metre to a few millilitres per cubic metre.

ISO 10498:2004 describes an ultraviolet fluorescence method for sampling and determining sulfur dioxide (SO2) concentrations in the ambient air using automatic analysers. ISO 10498:2004 is applicable to the determination of sulfur dioxide mass concentrations of a few micrograms per cubic metre to a few milligrams per cubic metre or, expressed in terms of volume fraction, from a few microlitres per cubic metre to a few millilitres per cubic metre.

ISO 10498:2004 is classified under the following ICS (International Classification for Standards) categories: 13.040.20 - Ambient atmospheres. The ICS classification helps identify the subject area and facilitates finding related standards.

You can purchase ISO 10498:2004 directly from iTeh Standards. The document is available in PDF format and is delivered instantly after payment. Add the standard to your cart and complete the secure checkout process. iTeh Standards is an authorized distributor of ISO standards.

Standards Content (Sample)


SLOVENSKI STANDARD
01-december-2004
=XQDQML]UDN±'RORþHYDQMHåYHSORYHJDGLRNVLGD±0HWRGDXOWUDYLMROLþQH
IOXRUHVFHQFH
Ambient air -- Determination of sulfur dioxide -- Ultraviolet fluorescence method
Air ambiant -- Dosage du dioxyde de soufre -- Méthode par fluorescence dans
l'ultraviolet
Ta slovenski standard je istoveten z: ISO 10498:2004
ICS:
13.040.20 Kakovost okoljskega zraka Ambient atmospheres
2003-01.Slovenski inštitut za standardizacijo. Razmnoževanje celote ali delov tega standarda ni dovoljeno.

INTERNATIONAL ISO
STANDARD 10498
First edition
2004-06-01
Ambient air — Determination of sulfur
dioxide — Ultraviolet fluorescence
method
Air ambiant — Dosage du dioxyde de soufre — Méthode par
fluorescence dans l'ultraviolet

Reference number
©
ISO 2004
PDF disclaimer
This PDF file may contain embedded typefaces. In accordance with Adobe's licensing policy, this file may be printed or viewed but
shall not be edited unless the typefaces which are embedded are licensed to and installed on the computer performing the editing. In
downloading this file, parties accept therein the responsibility of not infringing Adobe's licensing policy. The ISO Central Secretariat
accepts no liability in this area.
Adobe is a trademark of Adobe Systems Incorporated.
Details of the software products used to create this PDF file can be found in the General Info relative to the file; the PDF-creation
parameters were optimized for printing. Every care has been taken to ensure that the file is suitable for use by ISO member bodies. In
the unlikely event that a problem relating to it is found, please inform the Central Secretariat at the address given below.

©  ISO 2004
All rights reserved. Unless otherwise specified, no part of this publication may be reproduced or utilized in any form or by any means,
electronic or mechanical, including photocopying and microfilm, without permission in writing from either ISO at the address below or
ISO's member body in the country of the requester.
ISO copyright office
Case postale 56 • CH-1211 Geneva 20
Tel. + 41 22 749 01 11
Fax + 41 22 749 09 47
E-mail copyright@iso.org
Web www.iso.org
Published in Switzerland
ii © ISO 2004 – All rights reserved

Foreword
ISO (the International Organization for Standardization) is a worldwide federation of national standards bodies
(ISO member bodies). The work of preparing International Standards is normally carried out through ISO
technical committees. Each member body interested in a subject for which a technical committee has been
established has the right to be represented on that committee. International organizations, governmental and
non-governmental, in liaison with ISO, also take part in the work. ISO collaborates closely with the
International Electrotechnical Commission (IEC) on all matters of electrotechnical standardization.
International Standards are drafted in accordance with the rules given in the ISO/IEC Directives, Part 2.
The main task of technical committees is to prepare International Standards. Draft International Standards
adopted by the technical committees are circulated to the member bodies for voting. Publication as an
International Standard requires approval by at least 75 % of the member bodies casting a vote.
Attention is drawn to the possibility that some of the elements of this document may be the subject of patent
rights. ISO shall not be held responsible for identifying any or all such patent rights.
ISO 10498 was prepared by Technical Committee ISO/TC 146, Air quality, Subcommittee SC 3, Ambient
atmospheres.
INTERNATIONAL STANDARD ISO 10498:2004(E)

Ambient air — Determination of sulfur dioxide — Ultraviolet
fluorescence method
1 Scope
This International Standard describes an ultraviolet fluorescence method for sampling and determining sulfur
dioxide (SO ) concentrations in the ambient air using automatic analysers.
This International Standard is applicable to the determination of sulfur dioxide mass concentrations of a few
micrograms per cubic metre to a few milligrams per cubic metre or, expressed in terms of volume fraction,

from a few microlitres per cubic metre to a few millilitres per cubic metre.
2 Normative references
The following referenced documents are indispensable for the application of this document. For dated
references, only the edition cited applies. For undated references, the latest edition of the referenced
document (including any amendments) applies.
ISO 4219, Air quality — Determination of gaseous sulfur compounds in ambient air — Sampling equipment
ISO 6142, Gas analysis — Preparation of calibration gas mixtures — Gravimetric method
ISO 6144, Gas analysis — Preparation of calibration gas mixtures — Static volumetric method
ISO 6145-1, Gas analysis — Preparation of calibration gas mixtures using dynamic volumetric methods —
Part 1: Methods of calibration
ISO 6145-4, Gas analysis — Preparation of calibration gas mixtures using dynamic volumetric methods —
Part 4: Continuous syringe injection method
ISO 6145-6, Gas analysis — Preparation of calibration gas mixtures using dynamic volumetric methods —
Part 6: Critical orifices
ISO 6349, Gas analysis — Preparation of calibration gas mixtures — Permeation method
ISO 6767, Ambient air — Determination of the mass concentration of sulfur dioxide — Tetrachloromercurate
(TCM)/pararosaniline method
ISO 9169, Air quality — Definition and determination of performance characteristics of an automatic
measuring system
3 Principle of analysis
The UV fluorescence method is not an absolute measurement method. Therefore, the instrument shall be
calibrated regularly, using calibration gas diluted with air whose O and N content is close to normal
2 2
atmospheric concentrations. It is also sensitive to pressure and temperature. This measurement technique is
subject to less chemical interference than other techniques available at present (see Annex A). However, the
following compounds can affect the determination of sulfur dioxide: hydrogen sulfide, aromatic hydrocarbons,
nitric oxide, water, and low molecular mass mercaptans.
In individual cases where high concentrations of various pollutants are present, it is recommended that their
effect on the response of the analyser be determined (see Annex A for typical interference factors).
The UV fluorescence method is based on the fluorescent emission of light by SO molecules previously
excited by UV radiation.
The first reaction step is:
SO + hν(UV) →SO *
2 2
Then in the second step, the excited SO * molecule returns to the original ground state, emitting a photon of
energy hν′ according to the reaction:
SO * → SO + hν′
2 2
The intensity of the fluorescent radiation is proportional to the number of SO molecules in the detection
volume, and is therefore proportional to the molar concentration of SO .
Therefore:
I = k[SO ]
where
I is the intensity of fluorescent radiation;
k is the factor of proportionality;
[SO ] is the molar concentration of SO .
2 2
The air sample flows into the inlet of the analyser, where it is scrubbed to remove any interference by aromatic
hydrocarbons that may be present. A hydrocarbon scrubber device usually accomplishes this.
Then the air sample flows into a reaction chamber, where it is irradiated by UV radiation with a wavelength in
the range of 200 nm to 220 nm.
The fluorescent light, in the wavelength range of 240 nm to 420 nm, is optically filtered and then converted to
an electrical signal by a detector, for example a photomultiplier tube.
The response of the analyser is proportional to the number of SO molecules in the reaction chamber.
Therefore, temperature and pressure either have to be kept constant or, if variation of these parameters is
expected, the measured values have to be corrected.
For this UV fluorescence method to yield accurate concentration measurements, it must be calibrated against
some primary standard (see 4.2).
4 Reagents and materials
4.1 Zero air
Zero air used in the calibration of the analyser should not contain a concentration of SO detectable by the
analyser under calibration. The concentration of O in the zero air shall be within ± 2 % of that in normal air
(20,9 %).
2 © ISO 2004 – All rights reserved

4.2 SO calibration gas mixtures
4.2.1 Primary calibration method
One of the following equivalent methods for primary calibration shall be used:
 static volumetric dilution (ISO 6144);
 permeation tube sources (ISO 6349);
 tetrachloromercurate method (TCM) (ISO 6767);
 gravimetric preparation of gas mixtures in combination with various dilution systems (ISO 6142,
ISO 6145-1, ISO 6145-4, ISO 6145-6).
Several methods for generating SO calibration gas standard mixtures are proposed (see 4.2.2). Whichever
method is chosen, it is recommended that it be compared periodically against another independent traceable
calibration method. The range of SO calibration concentrations chosen shall be between 10 % to 90 % of the
SO concentration range in use.
4.2.2 Transfer-standard calibration methods
Other methods to prepare calibration standard gases may also be used, if they are comparable to one or more
of the methods mentioned in 4.2.1.
Although any of the primary calibration methods may be used as transfer standards, in practice, it is easier to
use a laboratory-calibrated permeation source or cylinder of SO . The latter can be used either directly (with
3 3
cylinders containing 0,1 mg/m to 10,0 mg/m of SO in air), or with appropriate quantitative dilution (using
cylinders containing ten to several hundred milligrams of SO per cubic metre of air).
Gas cylinders containing SO standards shall be made of an inert material or have been passivated to ensure
concentration stability of ± 3 % for the period of use expected. Cylinders containing low concentrations shall
be checked regularly against primary standards.
4.2.3 Operational (field) span check
To aid in the quality control of the routine operation of the analyser on-site, span checks may be performed
regularly (preferably daily, but at least weekly). For example, an internal permeation device may form an
integral part of the apparatus, or an external calibrated cylinder, with appropriate dilution if necessary, may be
used. The operation of the span check is controlled by valves, either manually or by remote control.
The described span-check system is suitable for quality control in routine operations (see for example
ISO 6879), to verify that the analyser is operating correctly, but may not be suitable for proper calibration as
described in 4.2.1. The span-check system should regularly be compared to a laboratory-based calibration
system as described in 4.2.1.
5 Apparatus
5.1 Sampling line
The sampling line and its residence time shall be as short as practical. This line shall be of a material which is
chemically inert to SO , such as fluorocarbon polymer or glass, in accordance with ISO 4219. If any doubt
exists as to the inertness of the sampling line, calibration gases shall be used to test the complete sampling
train.
If water is expected to condense in the sampling line (when
...


INTERNATIONAL ISO
STANDARD 10498
First edition
2004-06-01
Ambient air — Determination of sulfur
dioxide — Ultraviolet fluorescence
method
Air ambiant — Dosage du dioxyde de soufre — Méthode par
fluorescence dans l'ultraviolet

Reference number
©
ISO 2004
PDF disclaimer
This PDF file may contain embedded typefaces. In accordance with Adobe's licensing policy, this file may be printed or viewed but
shall not be edited unless the typefaces which are embedded are licensed to and installed on the computer performing the editing. In
downloading this file, parties accept therein the responsibility of not infringing Adobe's licensing policy. The ISO Central Secretariat
accepts no liability in this area.
Adobe is a trademark of Adobe Systems Incorporated.
Details of the software products used to create this PDF file can be found in the General Info relative to the file; the PDF-creation
parameters were optimized for printing. Every care has been taken to ensure that the file is suitable for use by ISO member bodies. In
the unlikely event that a problem relating to it is found, please inform the Central Secretariat at the address given below.

©  ISO 2004
All rights reserved. Unless otherwise specified, no part of this publication may be reproduced or utilized in any form or by any means,
electronic or mechanical, including photocopying and microfilm, without permission in writing from either ISO at the address below or
ISO's member body in the country of the requester.
ISO copyright office
Case postale 56 • CH-1211 Geneva 20
Tel. + 41 22 749 01 11
Fax + 41 22 749 09 47
E-mail copyright@iso.org
Web www.iso.org
Published in Switzerland
ii © ISO 2004 – All rights reserved

Foreword
ISO (the International Organization for Standardization) is a worldwide federation of national standards bodies
(ISO member bodies). The work of preparing International Standards is normally carried out through ISO
technical committees. Each member body interested in a subject for which a technical committee has been
established has the right to be represented on that committee. International organizations, governmental and
non-governmental, in liaison with ISO, also take part in the work. ISO collaborates closely with the
International Electrotechnical Commission (IEC) on all matters of electrotechnical standardization.
International Standards are drafted in accordance with the rules given in the ISO/IEC Directives, Part 2.
The main task of technical committees is to prepare International Standards. Draft International Standards
adopted by the technical committees are circulated to the member bodies for voting. Publication as an
International Standard requires approval by at least 75 % of the member bodies casting a vote.
Attention is drawn to the possibility that some of the elements of this document may be the subject of patent
rights. ISO shall not be held responsible for identifying any or all such patent rights.
ISO 10498 was prepared by Technical Committee ISO/TC 146, Air quality, Subcommittee SC 3, Ambient
atmospheres.
INTERNATIONAL STANDARD ISO 10498:2004(E)

Ambient air — Determination of sulfur dioxide — Ultraviolet
fluorescence method
1 Scope
This International Standard describes an ultraviolet fluorescence method for sampling and determining sulfur
dioxide (SO ) concentrations in the ambient air using automatic analysers.
This International Standard is applicable to the determination of sulfur dioxide mass concentrations of a few
micrograms per cubic metre to a few milligrams per cubic metre or, expressed in terms of volume fraction,

from a few microlitres per cubic metre to a few millilitres per cubic metre.
2 Normative references
The following referenced documents are indispensable for the application of this document. For dated
references, only the edition cited applies. For undated references, the latest edition of the referenced
document (including any amendments) applies.
ISO 4219, Air quality — Determination of gaseous sulfur compounds in ambient air — Sampling equipment
ISO 6142, Gas analysis — Preparation of calibration gas mixtures — Gravimetric method
ISO 6144, Gas analysis — Preparation of calibration gas mixtures — Static volumetric method
ISO 6145-1, Gas analysis — Preparation of calibration gas mixtures using dynamic volumetric methods —
Part 1: Methods of calibration
ISO 6145-4, Gas analysis — Preparation of calibration gas mixtures using dynamic volumetric methods —
Part 4: Continuous syringe injection method
ISO 6145-6, Gas analysis — Preparation of calibration gas mixtures using dynamic volumetric methods —
Part 6: Critical orifices
ISO 6349, Gas analysis — Preparation of calibration gas mixtures — Permeation method
ISO 6767, Ambient air — Determination of the mass concentration of sulfur dioxide — Tetrachloromercurate
(TCM)/pararosaniline method
ISO 9169, Air quality — Definition and determination of performance characteristics of an automatic
measuring system
3 Principle of analysis
The UV fluorescence method is not an absolute measurement method. Therefore, the instrument shall be
calibrated regularly, using calibration gas diluted with air whose O and N content is close to normal
2 2
atmospheric concentrations. It is also sensitive to pressure and temperature. This measurement technique is
subject to less chemical interference than other techniques available at present (see Annex A). However, the
following compounds can affect the determination of sulfur dioxide: hydrogen sulfide, aromatic hydrocarbons,
nitric oxide, water, and low molecular mass mercaptans.
In individual cases where high concentrations of various pollutants are present, it is recommended that their
effect on the response of the analyser be determined (see Annex A for typical interference factors).
The UV fluorescence method is based on the fluorescent emission of light by SO molecules previously
excited by UV radiation.
The first reaction step is:
SO + hν(UV) →SO *
2 2
Then in the second step, the excited SO * molecule returns to the original ground state, emitting a photon of
energy hν′ according to the reaction:
SO * → SO + hν′
2 2
The intensity of the fluorescent radiation is proportional to the number of SO molecules in the detection
volume, and is therefore proportional to the molar concentration of SO .
Therefore:
I = k[SO ]
where
I is the intensity of fluorescent radiation;
k is the factor of proportionality;
[SO ] is the molar concentration of SO .
2 2
The air sample flows into the inlet of the analyser, where it is scrubbed to remove any interference by aromatic
hydrocarbons that may be present. A hydrocarbon scrubber device usually accomplishes this.
Then the air sample flows into a reaction chamber, where it is irradiated by UV radiation with a wavelength in
the range of 200 nm to 220 nm.
The fluorescent light, in the wavelength range of 240 nm to 420 nm, is optically filtered and then converted to
an electrical signal by a detector, for example a photomultiplier tube.
The response of the analyser is proportional to the number of SO molecules in the reaction chamber.
Therefore, temperature and pressure either have to be kept constant or, if variation of these parameters is
expected, the measured values have to be corrected.
For this UV fluorescence method to yield accurate concentration measurements, it must be calibrated against
some primary standard (see 4.2).
4 Reagents and materials
4.1 Zero air
Zero air used in the calibration of the analyser should not contain a concentration of SO detectable by the
analyser under calibration. The concentration of O in the zero air shall be within ± 2 % of that in normal air
(20,9 %).
2 © ISO 2004 – All rights reserved

4.2 SO calibration gas mixtures
4.2.1 Primary calibration method
One of the following equivalent methods for primary calibration shall be used:
 static volumetric dilution (ISO 6144);
 permeation tube sources (ISO 6349);
 tetrachloromercurate method (TCM) (ISO 6767);
 gravimetric preparation of gas mixtures in combination with various dilution systems (ISO 6142,
ISO 6145-1, ISO 6145-4, ISO 6145-6).
Several methods for generating SO calibration gas standard mixtures are proposed (see 4.2.2). Whichever
method is chosen, it is recommended that it be compared periodically against another independent traceable
calibration method. The range of SO calibration concentrations chosen shall be between 10 % to 90 % of the
SO concentration range in use.
4.2.2 Transfer-standard calibration methods
Other methods to prepare calibration standard gases may also be used, if they are comparable to one or more
of the methods mentioned in 4.2.1.
Although any of the primary calibration methods may be used as transfer standards, in practice, it is easier to
use a laboratory-calibrated permeation source or cylinder of SO . The latter can be used either directly (with
3 3
cylinders containing 0,1 mg/m to 10,0 mg/m of SO in air), or with appropriate quantitative dilution (using
cylinders containing ten to several hundred milligrams of SO per cubic metre of air).
Gas cylinders containing SO standards shall be made of an inert material or have been passivated to ensure
concentration stability of ± 3 % for the period of use expected. Cylinders containing low concentrations shall
be checked regularly against primary standards.
4.2.3 Operational (field) span check
To aid in the quality control of the routine operation of the analyser on-site, span checks may be performed
regularly (preferably daily, but at least weekly). For example, an internal permeation device may form an
integral part of the apparatus, or an external calibrated cylinder, with appropriate dilution if necessary, may be
used. The operation of the span check is controlled by valves, either manually or by remote control.
The described span-check system is suitable for quality control in routine operations (see for example
ISO 6879), to verify that the analyser is operating correctly, but may not be suitable for proper calibration as
described in 4.2.1. The span-check system should regularly be compared to a laboratory-based calibration
system as described in 4.2.1.
5 Apparatus
5.1 Sampling line
The sampling line and its residence time shall be as short as practical. This line shall be of a material which is
chemically inert to SO , such as fluorocarbon polymer or glass, in accordance with ISO 4219. If any doubt
exists as to the inertness of the sampling line, calibration gases shall be used to test the complete sampling
train.
If water is expected to condense in the sampling line (when humid ambient air is drawn into a cool
measurement environment), auxiliary heating of the sampling line will be necessary.
5.2 Sample inlet filter for particulate matter
The particulate matter filter at the sample inlet shall remove particles which could interfere with the correct
operation of the analyser. It shall not remove any SO ,
...


NORME ISO
INTERNATIONALE 10498
Première édition
2004-06-01
Air ambiant — Dosage du dioxyde de
soufre — Méthode par fluorescence dans
l'ultraviolet
Ambient air — Determination of sulfur dioxide — Ultraviolet
fluorescence method
Numéro de référence
©
ISO 2004
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©  ISO 2004
Droits de reproduction réservés. Sauf prescription différente, aucune partie de cette publication ne peut être reproduite ni utilisée sous
quelque forme que ce soit et par aucun procédé, électronique ou mécanique, y compris la photocopie et les microfilms, sans l'accord écrit
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ISO copyright office
Case postale 56 • CH-1211 Geneva 20
Tel. + 41 22 749 01 11
Fax. + 41 22 749 09 47
E-mail copyright@iso.org
Web www.iso.org
Publié en Suisse
ii © ISO 2004 – Tous droits réservés

Avant-propos
L'ISO (Organisation internationale de normalisation) est une fédération mondiale d'organismes nationaux de
normalisation (comités membres de l'ISO). L'élaboration des Normes internationales est en général confiée
aux comités techniques de l'ISO. Chaque comité membre intéressé par une étude a le droit de faire partie du
comité technique créé à cet effet. Les organisations internationales, gouvernementales et non
gouvernementales, en liaison avec l'ISO participent également aux travaux. L'ISO collabore étroitement avec
la Commission électrotechnique internationale (CEI) en ce qui concerne la normalisation électrotechnique.
Les Normes internationales sont rédigées conformément aux règles données dans les Directives ISO/CEI,
Partie 2.
La tâche principale des comités techniques est d'élaborer les Normes internationales. Les projets de Normes
internationales adoptés par les comités techniques sont soumis aux comités membres pour vote. Leur
publication comme Normes internationales requiert l'approbation de 75 % au moins des comités membres
votants.
L'attention est appelée sur le fait que certains des éléments du présent document peuvent faire l'objet de
droits de propriété intellectuelle ou de droits analogues. L'ISO ne saurait être tenue pour responsable de ne
pas avoir identifié de tels droits de propriété et averti de leur existence.
L'ISO 10498 a été élaborée par le comité technique ISO/TC 146, Qualité de l'air, sous-comité SC 3,
Atmosphères ambiantes.
NORME INTERNATIONALE ISO 10498:2004(F)

Air ambiant — Dosage du dioxyde de soufre — Méthode par
fluorescence dans l'ultraviolet
1 Domaine d'application
La présente Norme internationale décrit une méthode par fluorescence dans l'ultraviolet pour l'échantillonnage
et la détermination des concentrations en dioxyde de soufre (SO ) de l'air ambiant au moyen d'analyseurs
automatiques.
La présente Norme internationale s'applique à la détermination des concentrations en dioxyde de soufre dans
une plage allant de quelques microgrammes par mètre cube à quelques milligrammes par mètre cube ou, en
termes de fractions volumiques, de quelques microlitres par mètre cube à quelques millilitres par mètre cube.
2 Références normatives
Les documents de référence suivants sont indispensables pour l'application du présent document. Pour les
références datées, seule l'édition citée s'applique. Pour les références non datées, la dernière édition du
document de référence s'applique (y compris les éventuels amendements).
ISO 4219, Qualité de l'air — Détermination des composés soufrés gazeux dans l'air ambiant — Appareillage
d'échantillonnage
ISO 6142, Analyse des gaz — Préparation des mélanges de gaz pour étalonnage — Méthode gravimétrique
ISO 6144, Analyse des gaz — Préparation des mélanges de gaz pour étalonnage — Méthode volumétrique
statique
ISO 6145-1, Analyse des gaz — Préparation des mélanges de gaz pour étalonnage à l’aide de méthodes
volumétriques dynamiques — Partie 1: Méthodes d'étalonnage
ISO 6145-4, Analyse des gaz — Préparation des mélanges de gaz pour étalonnage — Méthodes
volumétriques dynamiques — Partie 4: Méthode continue par seringue d’injection
ISO 6145-6, Analyse des gaz — Préparation des mélanges de gaz pour étalonnage à l’aide de méthodes
volumétriques dynamiques — Partie 6: Orifices critiques
ISO 6349, Analyse des gaz — Préparation des mélanges de gaz pour étalonnage — Méthode par perméation
ISO 6767, Air ambiant — Détermination de la concentration en masse du dioxyde de soufre — Méthode au
tétrachloromercurate (TCM) et à la pararosaniline
ISO 9169, Qualité de l'air — Définition et détermination des caractéristiques de performance d’un système
automatique de mesurage
3 Principe d'analyse
La méthode par fluorescence dans l'UV n'est pas une méthode de mesurage absolue. L'instrument nécessite
donc un étalonnage fréquent, au moyen d'un gaz d'étalonnage dilué dans de l'air dont la teneur en O et N
2 2
est proche de la concentration atmosphérique normale. L'instrument est également sensible à la pression et à
la température. Cette technique de mesurage est sujette à des interférences chimiques plus faibles que les
autres techniques actuellement existantes (voir Annexe A). Toutefois, les composés suivants peuvent avoir
des effets sur le dosage du dioxyde de soufre: le sulfure d'hydrogène, les hydrocarbures aromatiques, le
monoxyde d'azote, l'eau et les mercaptans de faible masse moléculaire.
Dans les cas individuels pour lesquels des concentrations élevées de différents polluants sont présentes, il
est recommandé de déterminer leur effet sur la réponse de l'analyseur (voir Annexe A pour les facteurs
spécifiques d'interférence).
La méthode par fluorescence dans l'UV repose sur l'énergie lumineuse fluorescente émise par des molécules
de SO préalablement excitées à l'aide d'un rayonnement ultraviolet.
La première étape de la réaction est:
SO + hν(UV) →SO *
2 2
Ensuite, lors de la seconde étape, les molécules excitées de SO * retournent à leur état initial en émettant
une énergie hν′, ce qui se traduit par la réaction:
SO * → SO + hν′
2 2
L'intensité du rayonnement fluorescent est proportionnelle au nombre de molécules de SO contenues dans
le volume échantillonné, et donc proportionnelle à la concentration molaire en SO .
Ainsi:
I = k[SO ]

I est l'intensité du rayonnement par fluorescence;
k est le coefficient de proportionnalité;
[SO ] est la concentration molaire en SO .
2 2
L'échantillon d'air est introduit dans l'analyseur où il est soumis à un piégeage destiné à éliminer toute
interférence due aux hydrocarbures aromatiques susceptibles d'être présents. Cette opération s'accomplit
généralement au moyen d'un dispositif de piégeage des hydrocarbures.
L'échantillon d'air est ensuite introduit dans une chambre de réaction où il est irradié par un rayonnement
ultraviolet de longueur d'onde comprise entre 200 nm et 220 nm.
La lumière émise par fluorescence dans la plage de longueurs d'onde comprise entre 240 nm et 420 nm est
soumise à un filtrage optique, puis convertie en un signal électrique par un détecteur d'UV tel qu'un tube
photomultiplicateur.
La réponse de l'analyseur est proportionnelle au nombre de molécules de SO présentes dans la chambre de
réaction. La température et la pression doivent par conséquent être maintenues constantes ou, en cas de
variation présumée de ces paramètres, les valeurs mesurées doivent être corrigées.
Pour que la présente méthode par fluorescence dans l'UV permette de mesurer des concentrations précises,
un étalonnage doit être effectué au moyen d'un étalon primaire défini (voir 4.2).
2 © ISO 2004 – Tous droits réservés

4 Réactifs et matériaux
4.1 Air pour le contrôle du zéro
Il convient que l'air zéro utilisé pour l'étalonnage de l'analyseur ne contienne aucune trace de SO en
concentration décelable par l'analyseur soumis à l'étalonnage. La concentration de O dans l'air destiné au
contrôle du zéro doit être comprise dans une marge de ± 2 % par rapport à la composition normale de l'air
(20,9 %).
4.2 Mélanges de gaz pour étalonnage en SO
4.2.1 Méthodes d'étalonnage primaire
Une des méthodes équivalentes suivantes peuvent être employées pour réaliser un étalonnage primaire:
 dilutions volumétriques statiques (ISO 6144);
 méthodes par perméation (ISO 6349);
 méthode au tétrachloromercurate (TCM) (ISO 6767);
 préparation gravimétrique de mélanges de gaz en combinaison avec différents systèmes de dilution
(ISO 6142, ISO 6145-1, ISO 6145-4 et ISO 6145-6).
Plusieurs méthodes visant à obtenir des mélanges de gaz pour l'étalonnage en SO sont exposées (voir
4.2.2). Quelle que soit la méthode choisie, il est recommandé de la comparer régulièrement à une autre
méthode d'étalonnage traçable indépendante. La plage de concentrations choisie pour l'étalonnage en SO
doit être comprise entre 10 % et 90 % de la plage de concentrations en SO utilisée.
4.2.2 Méthodes d'étalonnage par transfert
D'autres méthodes de préparation des gaz d'étalonnage peuvent également être utilisées, si leur fiabilité
s'avère comparable à l'une ou l'autre des méthodes mentionnées en 4.2.1.
Bien que l'une quelconque des méthodes d'étalonnage primaire soit utilisable comme étalon de transfert, il est
plus facile, en pratique, d'avoir recours à une source de perméation ou à une bouteille de SO étalonnées en
laboratoire. Il est possible d'utiliser une bouteille de SO soit directement (à l'aide de bouteilles contenant de
3 3
0,1 mg/m à 10,0 mg/m de SO dans l'air), soit selon une dilution quantitative appropriée (à l'aide de
bouteilles contenant entre dix et quelques centaines de milligrammes par mètre cube de SO dans l'air).
Les bouteilles à gaz contenant les étalons de SO doivent être constituées d'un matériau inerte ou être
rendues passives afin d'assurer une stabilité de ± 3 % durant la période d'utilisation présumée. Les bouteilles
renfermant de faibles concentrations doivent être soumises à un contrôle régulier au moyen d'étalons
primaires.
4.2.3 Contrôle opérationnel d'étalonnage (sur le terrain)
Afin de contribuer au contrôle qualité des opérations de routine de l'analyseur in situ, des contrôles
d'étalonnage peuvent être effectués régulièrement (contrôles de préférence quotidiens, mais au minimum
hebdomadaires). Un dispositif à perméation interne, par exemple, peut faire partie intégrante de l'appareillage,
ou bien une bouteille soumise à un étalonnage externe peut, si nécessaire, être utilisée avec une dilution
appropriée. Le fonctionnement des contrôles dans l'étendue de mesurage est commandé à l'aide de vannes
actionnées soit manuellement, soit à distance.
Ce système de contrôle d'étalonnage est adapté au contrôle qualité dans le cadre d'opérations de routine
(voir l'ISO 6879) destinées à vérifier le fonctionnement correct de l'analyseur, mais peut ne pas convenir pour
un étalonnage proprement dit, tel que décrit en 4.2.1. Il convient de comparer régulièrement ce système à un
système d'étalonnage effectué en laboratoire, comme décrit en 4.2.1.
5 Appareillage
5.1 Ligne d'échantillonnage
La ligne d'échantillonnage et le temps de séjour dans cette ligne doivent être aussi courts que possible. La
ligne doit être chimiquement inerte vis-à-vis du SO , par exemple en polymère fluorocarboné ou en verre
selon l'ISO 4219. S'il existe un doute quant à l'inertie de la ligne d'échantillonnage, il faut utiliser des gaz
d'étalonnage pour soumettre à l'essai la chaîne d'échantillonnage complète.
Si la présence de condensation d'eau dans la ligne d'échantillonnage est présumée (lors du passage de l'air
ambiant humide dans un environnement de mesurage frais), il est nécessaire d'adapter un chauffage
auxiliaire à la ligne d'échantillonnage.
5.2 Filtre d'entrée de l'échantillon retenant les particules
Le filtre d'entrée retenant les particules doit éliminer celles qui sont susceptibles
...

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기사 제목: ISO 10498:2004 - 대기 중 황산 가스 결정 - 자외선 형광법 기사 내용: ISO 10498:2004은 자동 분석기를 사용하여 대기 중 유황산 가스(SO2) 농도를 채취하고 결정하는 자외선 형광법에 대해 설명한다. ISO 10498:2004은 소량의 마이크로그램부터 몇 밀리그램까지 또는 볼륨 비율로 표현된 경우 몇 마이크롤리터에서 몇 밀리리터까지의 유황산 가스 농도를 결정하기 위해 적용된다.

記事のタイトル:ISO 10498:2004 - 環境空気 - 二酸化硫黄の測定 - 紫外線蛍光法 記事の内容:ISO 10498:2004は、自動分析装置を使用して環境空気中の二酸化硫黄(SO2)の濃度をサンプリングおよび測定する紫外線蛍光法について説明しています。ISO 10498:2004は、数マイクログラムから数ミリグラム毎立方メートル、または容積分率で数マイクロリットルから数ミリリットル毎立方メートルまでの二酸化硫黄の質量濃度を測定するために適用されます。

ISO 10498:2004 is a standard that describes a method for sampling and measuring sulfur dioxide (SO2) concentrations in the air using automatic analyzers. It can detect SO2 concentrations ranging from a few micrograms per cubic meter to a few milligrams per cubic meter or, in terms of volume, from a few microliters per cubic meter to a few milliliters per cubic meter.

ISO 10498:2004는 자동 분석기를 사용하여 대기 중의 일산화황(SO2) 농도를 측정하는 자외선 형광법에 대해 설명한다. ISO 10498:2004은 몇 마이크로그램에서 몇 밀리그램 단위의 일산화황 질량 농도 또는 첨가한 부피 분율로 표시한 몇 마이크로리터에서 몇 밀리리터 단위의 일산화황 농도의 측정에 적용된다.

The article describes ISO 10498:2004, which is a standard that explains the ultraviolet fluorescence method for measuring sulfur dioxide (SO2) levels in the air. This method uses automatic analyzers to sample and determine the concentration of SO2 in the ambient air. The standard is useful in measuring SO2 levels ranging from a few micrograms per cubic meter to a few milligrams per cubic meter, or in terms of volume fraction from a few microliters per cubic meter to a few milliliters per cubic meter.

記事のタイトル: ISO 10498:2004 - 環境空気 - 二酸化硫黄の決定 - 紫外線蛍光法 記事内容: ISO 10498:2004は、自動分析装置を使用して環境空気中の二酸化硫黄(SO2)濃度をサンプリングし、決定するための紫外線蛍光法について説明しています。 ISO 10498:2004は、数マイクログラムから数ミリグラム、または体積分率で表された場合は数マイクロリットルから数ミリリットルまでの二酸化硫黄の濃度を決定するために適用されます。

기사 제목: ISO 10498:2004 - 주변 대기 - 이산화황 결정 - 자외선 형광법 기사 내용: ISO 10498:2004는 자동 분석기를 사용하여 주변 대기에서 이산화황 (SO2) 농도를 샘플링하고 결정하는 자외선 형광법을 설명한다. ISO 10498:2004는 몇 마이크로그램에서 몇 밀리그램 단위의 이산화황 질량 농도 또는 체적 분율로 표현되는 몇 마이크로리터에서 몇 밀리리터 단위의 이산화황 농도를 결정하는 데 적용된다.

ISO 10498:2004は、自動分析機を使用して環境空気中の二酸化硫黄(SO2)濃度をサンプリングおよび測定するための紫外線蛍光法について説明しています。 ISO 10498:2004は、微グラムからミリグラム単位の二酸化硫黄の質量濃度、または体積分率として表される場合は、微リットルからミリリットル単位までの二酸化硫黄濃度の測定に適用されます。

ISO 10498:2004 is a standard that defines a method for sampling and measuring sulfur dioxide (SO2) concentrations in the air using automated analyzers. This method uses ultraviolet fluorescence and is suitable for detecting SO2 levels ranging from a few micrograms to a few milligrams per cubic meter, or from a few microliters to a few milliliters per cubic meter when expressed as a volume fraction.