ISO 10303-43:1994
(Main)Industrial automation systems and integration — Product data representation and exchange — Part 43: Integrated generic resources: Representation structures
Industrial automation systems and integration — Product data representation and exchange — Part 43: Integrated generic resources: Representation structures
Systèmes d'automatisation industrielle et intégration — Représentation et échange de données de produits — Partie 43: Ressources génériques intégrées: Structures de représentation
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INTERNATIONAL
ISO
STANDARD
10303-43
First edition
1994-12-15
Industrial automation Systems and
integration - Product data representation
and exchange -
Part 43:
Integrated generic resources: Representation
structures
Systemes d ’automa tisation industrielle et in tkgration - ßepken ta tion
et behange de donnees de produits -
Partie 43: ßessources g6nkriques in t6grGes: Structures de reprksen ta tion
Reference number
ISO 10303-43:1994( E)
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ISO 10303=43:1994(E)
Pa9e
”
Contents
1
1 Scope.
2
2 Normative references . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
3
....................................................
3 Definitions
..................................... 3
3.1 Terms defined inIS0 10303-1
4
4.1 Introduction .
4
................................
4.2 Fundamental concepts and assumptions
4
..............
4.2.1 Fundamental concepts and assumptions related to representation
5
.....
4.2.2 Fundamental concepts and assumptions related to the context of representation
5
......
4.2.3 Fundamental concepts and assumptions related to elements of representation
6
4.2.4 Fundamental concepts and assumptions related to the association of representations . .
6
..............
4.2.5 Fundamental concepts and assumptions related to transformation
....................... 8
4.3 Representation Schema type definition: transformation
............................... 8
4.4 Representation-Schema entity definitions
................................... 8
4.4.1 uncertainty measure with unit
9
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4.4.2 representatik Conte% . .
9
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4.4.3 global uncertakty assigned context
10
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4.4.4 repres&tation item . Y
10
.............................................
4.4.5 representation-
12
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4.4.6 representation relationship
13
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4.4.7 item defined Gansformation
14
...............................
4.4.8 funczonally defined transformation
14
........................
4.4.9 representatiön relationship with transformation
15
.................................
4.4.10 representation map . Y . .Y
16
............................................
4.4.11 mapped item Y
17
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4.4.12 definitiknal representation
17
................................
4.4.13 parametric Tepresentation context
18
..............................
4.5 Representation Schema functioi definitions
18
...................................
4.5.1 acyclic mäpped representation
19
4.5.2 item in- tontext-. .
21
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4.5.3 using kpresentations
-
0 ISO 1994
All rights reserved. Unless otherwise specifkd, no part of this publication may be reproduced or
utilized in any form or by any means, electronie or mechanical, including photocopying and
microfilm, without permission in writing from the publisher.
International Organization for S tandardization
Case PostaIe 56 l CH-l 211 Geneve 20 l Switzerland
Printed in Switzerland
11
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ISO 10303943:1994(E)
OISO
Annexes
23
A Short names of entities . . . . . . . . . . . . . . e . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
........................................ 24
B Information Object registration
24
..........................................
B.l Document identification
24
............................................
B.2 Schema identification
25
........................................
C Computer-interpretable listings
26
...............................................
D EXPRESS-G figures
27
Index. . .* . . . . . . . . . . . . .* . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
figures
. Representation Schema subject planning model . . e . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 26
Figure D. 1
Tables
23
Table A. 1 Short names of entities . . . . . . . . . . a . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
. . .
111
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WO
ISO 10303-43:1994(E)
Foreword
The International Organization for Standardization (ISO) is a worldwide federation of national Standards
bodies (ISO member bodies). The work of preparing International Standards is normally carried out
through ISO technical committees. Esch member body interested in a subject for which a technical
committee has been established has the right to be represented on that committee. International
organizations, governmental and non-governmental, in liaison with ISO, also take part in the work. ISO
collaborates closely with the International Electrotechnical Commission (IEC) on all matters of
electrotechnical standardization.
Draft International Standards adopted by technical committees are circulated to the member bodies for
voting. Publication as an International Standard requires approval by at least 75% of the member bodies
casting a vote.
International Standard ISO 10303-43 was prepared by Technical Committee ISO/TC 184, Mustrial
automation systems and integration, Subcommittee SC4, Industrial data and global manufacturing
languages.
ISO 10303 consists of the following Parts under the general title industrial automation Systems and
integration - Product data representation and exchange:
- Part 1, Overview and fundamental principles;
- Part 11, Description methods: The EXPRESS language reference manual;
- Part 21, Implementation methods: Clear text encoding of the exchange structure;
- Part 22, Implementation methods: Standard data access interface;
- Part 31, Conformance testing methodology and framework: General concepts;
- Part 32, Conformance testing methodology and framework: requirements on testing Iaboratories and
cl ients;
- Part 41, Integrated generic resources:
Fundamentals of product description and support;
- Part 42, Integrated generic resources: Geometrie and topological representation;
- Part 43, Integrated generic resources: Representation structures;
- Part 44, Integrated generic resources: Product structure configuration;
- Part 45, Integrated generic resources: Materials;
- Part 46, Integrated generic resources: Visual presentation;
- Part 47, Integrated generic resources: Shape Variation tolerantes;
-- Part 49, Integrated generic resources: Process structure and
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ISO 10303-43:1994@)
FIS0
- Part 101, Integrated application resources: Draughting;
- Part 104, Integrated application resources: Finite element analysis;
- Part 105, Integrated application resources: Kinematics;
- Part 201, Application protocol: Explicit draughting;
- Part 202, Application protocol: Associative draughting;
- Part 203, Application protocol: Configuration controlled design;
- Part 207, Application protocol: Sheet metal die planning and design;
- Part 210, Application protocol: Printed circuit assembly product design data;
- Part 213, Application protocol: Numerital control process Plans for machined Parts.
The structure of this International Standard is described in ISO 10303-1. The numbering of the Parts of
this International Standard reflects its structure:
- Part 11 specifies the description method;
- Parts 21 and 22 specify the implementation methods;
- Parts 31 and 32 specify the conformance testing methodology and framework;
- Parts 41 to 49 specify the integrated generic resources;
- Parts 101 to 105 specify the integrated application resources;
- Parts 201 to 2 13 specify the application protocols.
Should further Parts be published, they will follow the same numbering Pattern.
Annexes A and B form an integral part of this part of ISO 10303. Annexes C and D are for information
onlv.
c
Diskette
Users should note that this part of ISO 10303 comprises a diskette:
the short names of entities given in annex A are also included on the diskette;
- the EXPRESS listings (annex C) are provided on the diskette only;
a method to enable users to report errors in the documentation is given. Full details are
provided in the file.
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ISO 10303=43:1994(E) VS0
Introduction
ISO 10303 is an International Standard for the computer-interpretable representation and exchange of
product data. The objective is to provide a neutral mechanism capable of describing product data
throughout the life cycle of a product, independent from any particular System. The nature of this
description makes it suitable not only for neutral file exchange, but also as a basis for implementing and
sharing product databases and archiving.
This International Standard is organized as a series of parts, each published separately. The Parts of ISO
10303 fall into one of the following serieso description methods, integrated resources, application
protocols, abstract test suites, implementation methods, and conformance testing. The series are described
in ISO 10303-1. This part of ISO 10303 is a member of the integrated resources series.
This part of ISO 10303 specifies the Overall structure for representation. Collections of elements may be
formed to act as the representation of some aspect of product data, such as a property sf a product. Esch
element in such a collection is a representation item. An example of a property that tan be represented
is the shape of a product. The aspect or property that is being represented is not specified in this part of
ISO 10303. Instead the subject of the representation is defined where the capabilities for representation
are used in other Parts of ISO 10303.
When representation items are collected to participate in a representation, they share a common context
which is associated with the representation. This context is referred to as a representation context.
Not all elements of product data participate in representations. Those items which may participate in
representations are defined to be representation items. Representation items are those elements that have
complete meaning only when associated with a context. As an example, a Point is a representation item
which is only meaningful within a context (a coordinate space). In contrast, the name of a person is not
a representation item because it has meaning separate from any context.
In addition to being an element of representation, a representation item may also support the definition
of other representation items. This part of ISO 10303 allows for this distinction.
A collection of product data may contain numerous representation items, each participating in one or
more representations. These representations may he related to form a structure which also relates the
representation contexts. This structure tan then be used to determine which representation items may be
related to each other in a meaningful way. As an example, distance between Points is only meaningful
if the coordinate Systems in which the Points are defined tan be related.
Representations that are unrelated in one context may be related in another. Consider the representation
of the shape of a part and its components. The shape of each component may be represented as an
independent concept, unrelated to the shape of the other components. In the context of the assembled Part,
however, the shapes of the components are related.
An aspect of product data may have Zero, one, or multiple representations, none of which are the concept
itself. For example, the shape of a part may be represented by a collection both of two-dimensional
geometry and of constructive solid geometry. Either representation is an idealization of the shape.
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ISO 10303=43:1994(E)
%O
Esch representation is not necessarily a complete model of some aspect of product data, but it may
represent a model of the aspect that is suitable for specific applications. Neither shape representation in
the previous Paragraph is necessarily a complete representation of the shape concept. Another shape
representation might include tolerante information. Rather, each representation is suitable to some specific
application ’s view or approach.
This part of ISO 10303 specifies the structure for transformation of one representation into another.
This part of ISO 10303 includes constructs for the specification of transformations. These transformations
may be asserted as defining the relationship between existing representations. The ability to define a new
representation by applying the transformation to another representation is provided. The new
representation in this case is called a mapped item.
vii
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INTERNATIONAL STANDARD @ISO ISO 10303-43: 1994(E)
Industrial automation Systems and integration -
Product data representation and exchange -
Part 43:
Integrated generic resources:
Representation structures
1 Scope
This part sf ISO 10303 specifies the integrated generic resources for associating elements of
representation into distinct collections. It provides a basis for distinguishing, within a set of such
elements, which elements are related and which elements are not. This part also includes structure for
specifying the relationships among these collections, including transformation of one representation as
it participates in such a relationship.
The following are within scope of this part sf ISO 10303:
-
the specification of distinct unrelated contexts for representation;
- the specification of elements of representation;
-
the association of elements of representation with one or more contexts in which they are
combined to represent a concept;
- the association of elements of representation such that one defines another;
-
a structure for relating two representations such that one participates in the definition of the other;
-
a structure for relating two representations in which one does not participate in the definition of
the other;
-
constraints to prevent the recursive definition of instances of an element of representation;
- the specification of the process to transform one element of representation into another by
specifying an element of the process before the application of the process and that element of the
process afier application of the process;
- the specification of the process to transform one element of representation into another by
specifying the transforming function.
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ISO 10303=43:1994(E) OISO
The following are outside the scope of this gart of 1SC9 10303:
- the complete specifkation of the types sf representation, types of elements of representation, and
types of representation context;
- the specification of the uses of representation;
- the association of representation with any of its possible uses;
-
constraints requiring a directed relationship between representations;
NOTE - A directed relationship exists between items A and B when the meaning of the relationship of A to
B is different from the meaning of B to A. A and B are peers in a non-directed relationship. A directed
relationship is a constrained Version of the relationships specifkd in this part of ISO 10303. Such constraints
are left to those integrated resources or application protocols specializing the structures presented in this part
of ISO 10303.
-
constraints forbidding cyclic structures of related representations;
-
constraints requiring a directed relationship between the contexts in which related representations
exist;
-
constraints forbidding cyclic structures of relationships between representation contexts,
2 Normative references
The following Standards contain provisions which, through references in this text, constitute provisions
of this part of ISO 10303. At the time of publication, the editions indicated were valid. All Standards are
subject to revision, and Parties to agreements based on this part of ISO PO303 are encouraged to
investigate the possibility of applying the most recent editions of the Standards indicated below. Members
of IEC and ISO maintain registers of currently valid International Standards.
.
ISO/IEC 8824~19, Information technology - Open Systems Interconnnection - Ahstract Syntax Notation
One (ASN. 1) - Part 1: Specijication of Basic Notation.
ISO 10303-1: 1994, Mustrial automation systems and integration - Product data representation and
exchange - Part 1: Overview andjkdamental principles.
ISO 10303- 11: 1994, Industrial automation systems and integration - Product data representation and
exchange - Part 11: Description methods: l%e EXPRESS language reference manual.
- Product data representation and
ISO 10303-4 1: 1994, Mustrial automation systems and integration
exchange - Part 41: Integrated generic resources: Fundamentals of product description and support.
11
l-0 be published.
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ISO 10303=43:1994(E)
OISO
3 Definitions
3.1 Terms defined in ISO 10303-1
This part of ISO 10303 makes use of the following terms defined in ISO 103034.
-
appl ication;
-
application protocol;
-
assembly;
-
component;
- data;
-
information;
-
integrated resource;
- product;
- product data;
-
structure.
4 Representation Schema
-
The following EXPRESS declaration begins the representation Schema and identifies the necessary
-
external references.
EXPRESS Specification:
*
1
SCHEMA representation Schema;
-
REFERENCE FROM support resource Schema
-
(identifier, -
label,
text,
bag to Set);
- -
REFERENCE FROM measure Schema
(measure with unit);
- -
*
(
3
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@ISO
l!m 1030%4MW4(p7)
1 - See annex D for a graphical presentation of this Schema using the EXPRESS-G notation.
2 - The schema referenced above tan be found in the following part of ISO 10303:
ISO 10303-41
support resource Schema
- -
measures Schema ISO 10303-41
-
4.1 Introduction
The subject of the representation Schema is the structures for the representation that relates a collection
of elements of product data to a comext. The use of the representation(s) is not defined in this part of ISO
‘10303. Other Parts of ISO 10303 make use of the structures defined in this part.
Structures are specified that are common to all uses of representation in ISO 10303. Esch representation
has a context and a collection of elements specified in that context. Pa context may be related to different
or broader contexts.
NOTE - For the representation of geometric elements, the context is a coordinate space.
This part of ISO 10303 also enables the transformation between representations to be specified. The
ability to specify the transformation of one representation such that the result forms part of ano
representation is provided.
4.2 Fundamental concepts and assumptions
to represenhti
4.2.1 Fundamental concepts and assumptions relate
The following assumptions apply to the portions of this Schema that deal with representation:
- Elements of representation are organized into identifiable collections associated in a context for
specific uses. These organizations are called representations. By organizing the elements in this way,
the elements are distinguishable as either related or unrelated in the context of the specified use.
NOTES
and foll owing notes, most of the examples will be geometric in nature. I-Iowever, the concepts being
1 - In this
restricted to geometry.
illustrated are not
2 - Consider two Points with coordinate values of (O,O,O) and (l,O,O). It is not possible to assert that these
Points are one unit apart in space until it is established that they are in the same coordinate space. The
specifkation of a Point by itself does not contain enough data to state which coordinate space it is in and what
other elements also share that coordinate space.
- In this International Standard, these representations correspond to instances of the entity
representation.
- A representation may be invoked in more than one use. A representation is independent of its use.
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ISO 10303=43:1994(E)
QIso
NOTE 3 - Consider a collection of geometry in a coordinate space. Such a collection may be used as the shape
of a product. The collection may also be used, possibly with some transformation, as a drawing or picture of
the product. Neither of these uses is part of the definition of the collection itself.
4.2.2 Fundamental concepts and assumptions related to the context of
representation
The following assumptions apply to the portions of this Schema that deal with the context of
representation:
- A representation has a context. It is the context in which the elements of the representation are
related.
- In this International Standard, the context of a representation corresponds to an instance of the
entity representation context.
-
Because the context of a representation exists only as a basis for forming the representations that
-
use it, representation contexts are related only if representations using the contexts are related.
Representation contexts, and the representations that use them, may be specialized further in other
-
Parts of ISO 10303. Such specializations may also constrain the collection of representation elements.
NOTE - Possible specializations include contexts for geometry, topology, finite element modelling and
kinematic modelling.
4,2.3 Fundamental concepts and assumptions related to elements of
representation
The following assumptions apply to the portions of this Schema that deal with elements of representation.
- Elements of representation may either participate directly in a representation, or support the
definition of some other element of representation.
NOTE 1 - A Point may be the only element in the representation of a product location, or it may serve as the
end Point of a line providing part of the defmition of a line that is the only element in the representation of
the edge of a product. In the first case the Point itself is an element in a representation directly. In the second
case, the Point serves only to provide definition for the line entity.
- Elements of representation are not used to support the definition of other elements of
representation except as they may eventually support a representation.
- Elements of representation may reference each other and form trees of such elements with
identifiable roots. The association of a root element with a context shall associate all elements in the
tree with the Same context.
NOTE 2 - Consider a curve that references a number of Points. These Points are all assumed to be in the same
coordinate space as the curve by virtue of their reference from the curve.
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OISO
ISO 10303=43:1994(E)
- Elements of representation are associated with contexts as a basis for distinguishing which are
related and which are not related among them.
- In this International Standard an element of representation is described as a representation item,
-
and the association of one or more elements of representation with a context is a representation.
4.2.4 Fundamental concepts and assumptions related to the association of
representations
The following assumptions apply to the portions of this Schema that deal with the association of
representations:
- A representation may be related to another representation.
- Representation A may be related to representation B such that they both participate in the
association, but one does not define the other. In this International Standard, this type of association
corresponds to the entity representation relationship.
-
- If representation A is related to representation B with the meaning that this use of representation
A is an element in representation B, then the relationship itself is an element in representation B, In
this International Standard, this type of association corresponds to the entities mapped item and
-
representation map.
-
- Two collections of representation elements may be unrelated in two separate contexts, and yet
related in a third context or related only as they both participate in a relating structure.
NOTE - Consider two collections of geometric elements that each represent the shape of a part. Esch of those
shapes exists in a separate context independent and completely unrelated to the other. A third context may exist
for the shape of an assembly in which these Parts arc components. In this third context, all of the elements
are related, either through a direct association of those elements with that context, or an association of the part
representations to the assembly representation.
4.2.5 Fundamental concepts and assumptions related to transformation
The following assumptions apply to the portions of this Schema that deal with transformations:
- Representation elements participating in a representation may be transformed when and as that
representation is related to another representation.
- A representation element may be transformed when and as it is used to define another
representation element.
- A transformation may be defined as a function f between a domain A and range B. The function
f:A+B takes each element a in A and maps it to an element b in B, f(a)= b. The complete specification
of a use of a transformation requires the following:
the set of elements a to be transformed;
a)
the set of elements b resulting from the transformations;
b)
6
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OISO ISO. 10303=43:1994(E)
c) the defmition of the context A which is common to the set sf elements a;
d) the definition of the context B which is common to the set of elements b;
e) the tinction f.
- In this International Standard, the contexts A and B are representation contexts. The elements
a and b are representation items. The relationships between a and A and between b and B are
-
specified as a representation.
- Two different approaches are used in this part of ISO 10303 to specify transformations. These are
characterized by:
a) defining the function f
b) by specifying an element from each context which are sufficient to determine the transformation.
A transformation specified by a definedl function is a’ functionally defined transformation. A
- -
transformation defined by specifying elements is an item defined transformation.
- -
- Where a transformation is defined as function, the form of the function is specified as normative
text within this International Standard. The information needed to derive the function is explicitly
included in the data specification. This information may be provided by one or more methods. The
appropriate data specification may be selected depending on the use of the transformation.
NOTES
1 - A transformation that rotates an element sf representation about the x, y, and z axes of a Cartesian
coordinate space is specified by three normalized vectors defining the columns of an orthogonal matrix T. The
matrix T may be used directly to compute the desired transformation.
2 - A transformation may scale all elements of representation related in context A by some factor.
- Where two elements are used to specify the transformation, these are an element a in A and an
element b in B from which the required transformation function f may be derived.
NOTE 3 - If the required transformation function is to effect rigid motion in a coordinate space, then the
function f could be uniquely determined by an axis2Blacement 3d al and an axis2 placement 3d bl such
that f takes al and transforms it onto bl. Entity axis2 placemeit 3d is defined in ISO 10303-42.
- -
- Another function, similar to a tr *ansformation, is one where all of the elements a in A are used as
a Single element b in B. This asserts the existente of a new representation item, b, rather than using
a and b (and the related contexts) to define a transformation. In this International Standard, this kind
of assertion is a mapped item. The
elements a in A are the mapped item.mapped representation.
The element b is the maiped item. The two elements are specifiedto allow a tra&formation to be
determined in the Same manner as for the item defined transformation. These elements are the
- -
mapped item.mapping target and the mapped item.mapping
source.mapping origin.
- - - - -
NOTE 4 - Mapped item may be specialized in other Parts of ISO 10303 to defme the role played by the
mapped item in thbepresenhtion into which it is mapped. Such specializations may specify the form of
-
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ISO 10303=43:1994(E) OISO
transformation involved. The transformation need not be geometric and may provide positioning or orientation
information. It does not necessarily imply that the representation items from the mapped representation are
-
included in the target representation.
4.3 Representation Schema type definition: transformation
-
A transformation is a selection between types of transformation fknction specifications.
EXPRESS specification:
*
)
TYPE transformation = SELECT
(item defined transformation,
functionally-defined transformation);
- -
END TYPE;
* -
(
4.4 Representation Schema entity definitions
-
Schema.
This subclause contains the EXPRESS entity defini
...
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