ISO/IEC 15940:2006

Information Technology - Software Engineering Environment Services

ISO/IEC 15940:2006 defines the software engineering environment (SEE) services conceptually in a reference model that can be adapted to any SEEs to automate one or more software engineering activities. It describes services that support the process definitions as in ISO/IEC 12207 so that the set of SEE Services are compatible with ISO/IEC 12207. ISO/IEC 15940:2006 can be used either as a general reference, or to define an automated software process.

Technologies de l'information — Services d'environnement en ingénierie du logiciel

General Information

• Status: Withdrawn
• Publication Date: 18-Jun-2006
• Withdrawal Date: 18-Jun-2006
• ICS: 35.080 - Software
• Technical Committee: ISO/IEC JTC 1/SC 7 - Software and systems engineering
• Drafting Committee: ISO/IEC JTC 1/SC 7/WG 4 - Tools and environment
• Current Stage: 9599 - Withdrawal of International Standard
• Start Date: 21-Feb-2013
• Completion Date: 30-Oct-2025

Relations

• Revised: ISO/IEC 15940:2013 - Systems and software engineering - Software Engineering Environment Services
• Effective Date: 23-Jul-2011

Standards Content (Sample)

INTERNATIONAL ISO/IEC
STANDARD 15940
First edition
2006-06-15
Information Technology — Software
Engineering Environment Services
Technologies de l'information — Services d'environnement
en ingénierie du logiciel
Reference number
©
ISO/IEC 2006
PDF disclaimer
This PDF file may contain embedded typefaces. In accordance with Adobe's licensing policy, this file may be printed or viewed but
shall not be edited unless the typefaces which are embedded are licensed to and installed on the computer performing the editing. In
downloading this file, parties accept therein the responsibility of not infringing Adobe's licensing policy. The ISO Central Secretariat
accepts no liability in this area.
Adobe is a trademark of Adobe Systems Incorporated.
Details of the software products used to create this PDF file can be found in the General Info relative to the file; the PDF-creation
parameters were optimized for printing. Every care has been taken to ensure that the file is suitable for use by ISO member bodies. In
the unlikely event that a problem relating to it is found, please inform the Central Secretariat at the address given below.

©  ISO/IEC 2006
All rights reserved. Unless otherwise specified, no part of this publication may be reproduced or utilized in any form or by any means,
electronic or mechanical, including photocopying and microfilm, without permission in writing from either ISO at the address below or
ISO's member body in the country of the requester.
ISO copyright office
Case postale 56 • CH-1211 Geneva 20
Tel. + 41 22 749 01 11
Fax + 41 22 749 09 47
E-mail [e-mail]
Web www.iso.org
Published in Switzerland
ii © ISO/IEC 2006 – All rights reserved

Contents Page
1 Scope . 1
2 Terms and definitions. 1
3 Abbreviated terms . 2
4 Reference Model for SEE services. 2
4.1 Categories of SEE services . 2
4.2 Structure of service description. 3
4.3 Reference model. 3
5 Software engineering services. 5
5.1 Software requirements engineering service. 5
5.2 Software reverse engineering service. 6
5.3 Software re-engineering service . 6
5.4 Software prototyping service . 6
5.5 Software modelling service . 7
5.6 Software simulation service . 7
5.7 Software design service. 7
5.8 Component based software generation service. 8
5.9 Source code generation service . 8
5.10 Compilation service. 8
5.11 Debugging service. 9
5.12 Software static/dynamic analysis service. 9
5.13 Software testing service . 10
5.14 Software verification service . 10
5.15 Software integration service. 10
6 Technical management services. 11
6.1 Configuration management service. 11
6.2 Change management service . 12
6.3 SEE repository management service .12
6.4 Reuse Management service. 12
6.5 Measurement and analysis service. 13
6.6 Quality assurance service . 13
6.7 Audit service . 14
6.8 Software traceability service . 14
6.9 Documentation service . 14
6.10 Review service support. 15
7 Project management services . 15
7.1 Project planning service . 15
7.2 Project estimation service . 16
7.3 Project risk management service. 16
7.4 Project monitoring and scheduling service. 17
7.5 Project evaluation service . 17
8 Process management services . 17
8.1 Process definition service . 18
8.2 Process library service . 18
8.3 Process initiation service . 18
8.4 Process usage service . 19
8.5 Process monitoring service. 19
8.6 Process improvement support service . 19
8.7 Process documentation service. 20
© ISO/IEC 2006 – All rights reserved iii

9 SEE support services . 20
9.1 SEE common support service . 20
9.2 SEE publishing service . 21
9.3 SEE cooperative work support service .21
9.4 SEE user communication support service. 21
9.5 SEE administration service. 22
9.6 SEE policy enforcement service. 22
9.7 SEE data/information mining service . 23
10 SEE Infrastructure services . 23
10.1 SEE infrastructure management service. 23
10.2 SEE information sharing service. 24
10.3 SEE repository service . 24
10.4 SEE Operating System service. 25
Annex A (informative) Exemplary automated support for the SEE Services . 26
Annex B (informative) Services mapped on to ISO/IEC 12207 activities . 36
Annex C (informative) Application of this International Standard. 47
C.1 General . 47
C.2 Users/software engineers . 47
C.3 Tool and SEE suppliers . 47
C.4 Acquirers. 47
C.5 Software engineering educators . 47
C.6 Software engineering consultants . 48
Annex D (informative) Illustrated image of SEE concept . 49
Annex E (informative) WG4 Standards Architecture (from WG4 business plan). 50
Annex F (informative) Bibliography. 51

iv © ISO/IEC 2006 – All rights reserved

Foreword
ISO (the International Organization for Standardization) and IEC (the International Electrotechnical
Commission) form the specialized system for worldwide standardization. National bodies that are members of
ISO or IEC participate in the development of International Standards through technical committees
established by the respective organization to deal with particular fields of technical activity. ISO and IEC
technical committees collaborate in fields of mutual interest. Other international organizations, governmental
and non-governmental, in liaison with ISO and IEC, also take part in the work. In the field of information
technology, ISO and IEC have established a joint technical committee, ISO/IEC JTC 1.
International Standards are drafted in accordance with the rules given in the ISO/IEC Directives, Part 2.
The main task of the joint technical committee is to prepare International Standards. Draft International
Standards adopted by the joint technical committee are circulated to national bodies for voting. Publication as
an International Standard requires approval by at least 75 % of the national bodies casting a vote.
Attention is drawn to the possibility that some of the elements of this document may be the subject of patent
rights. ISO and IEC shall not be held responsible for identifying any or all such patent rights.
ISO/IEC 15940 was prepared by Joint Technical Committee ISO/IEC JTC 1, Information technology,
Subcommittee SC 7, Software and system engineering.

© ISO/IEC 2006 – All rights reserved v

Introduction
Software engineering environments, or “SEEs” refer to a collection of software services, partially or fully
automated by software tools, that are used to support the execution of human activities in software
engineering.
These activities are usually carried out within a software development/maintenance project, and cover such
areas as the specification, development, re-engineering or maintenance of software-based systems.
ISO/IEC 12207 describes in a comprehensive manner all of the processes, activities and tasks performed
during the software life cycle.
The term "Software Engineering Environment" may cover several situations; from the mere juxtaposition of a
few tools running on the same operating system, to the fully integrated environment, able to handle, monitor,
and even control all the data, processes, and activities in the software life cycle. A SEE provides support
to human activities through a series of services that describe the capabilities of the environment. The
software process supported by a SEE becomes an assisted or automated software process. This
International Standard describes SEE services and relates them to ISO/IEC 12207:1995,
ISO/IEC 12207:1995/Amd.1:2002 and ISO/IEC 12207:1995/Amd.2:2004 in a manner applicable to a range of
organizations. In defining a life cycle process for an organization, the user needs to find the appropriate level
of automation provided by a software engineering environment. This may result in establishing a new SEE or
improving an existing one.
Through the automation of activities, either partially or fully, the SEE provides benefits to an organization
through reduced cost (higher productivity), improved management and from the higher product quality that
can result. For example, the automation of repetitive activities such as the execution of test cases provides not
only productivity gains, but can also help to ensure completeness and consistency in the testing activities.
This International Standard defines the SEE services conceptually in a reference model that can be adapted
to any SEEs to automate one or more software engineering activities.
For a user interested in a specific process, this International Standard describes the relationship between
given software engineering processes, the software engineering services, and the corresponding exemplary
software engineering tools.
The suite of SEE services described supports the process definitions in ISO/IEC 12207. The purpose
is to define a set of SEE Services that are compatible with ISO/IEC 12207:1995,
ISO/IEC 12207:1995/Amd.1:2002 and ISO/IEC 12207:1995/Amd.2:2004, and that can be used either as a
general reference, or to define an automated software process.

vi © ISO/IEC 2006 – All rights reserved

INTERNATIONAL STANDARD ISO/IEC 15940:2006(E)

Information Technology — Software Engineering Environment
Services
1 Scope
This International Standard provides a description of SEE services that supports all of the software life cycle
processes defined in ISO/IEC 12207.
The services are intended as a complete set and can be used in any software engineering development or
support organization where there is a need to select one or more SEE services. Such an organization may or
may not have software projects that use the ISO/IEC 12207 process framework.
A reference model for SEE Services is provided within this International Standard. This reference model has
been produced starting from references [8] and [9]. This document was produced using material originally
published by the Software Engineering Institute (Carnegie Mellon University, USA), NIST and ECMA, which
finally resulted in a joint effort from ECMA and NIST indicating a broad consensus at the time of publication. In
addition to this background process, structure from ISO/IEC 12207:1995, ISO/IEC 12207:1995/Amd.1:2002,
and ISO/IEC 12207:1995/Amd.2:2004 has been used as a baseline.
2 Terms and definitions
For the purposes of this document, the following terms and definitions apply. From other International
Standards.
2.1
life cycle model
framework containing the processes, activities and tasks involved in the development operation and
maintenance of a software product, spanning the life of the system from the definition of its requirements to
the termination of its use
[ISO/IEC 12207:1995].
2.2
CASE tool
software product that can assist software engineers by providing automated support for software life-cycle
activities as defined in ISO/IEC 12207:1995.
[ISO/IEC 14102:1995].
2.3
organization
group of people and facilities with an arrangement of responsibilities, authorities and relationships
[ISO 9000:2005].
© ISO/IEC 2006 – All rights reserved 1

2.4
Software Engineering Environment
SEE
provides automated services for the engineering of software systems and related domains (e.g., project
management, process management, etc.)
NOTE It includes the platform, system software, utilities, and CASE tools installed.
2.5
SEE Service
consists of one or more service operations to support life cycle activities for the SEE
NOTE A SEE Service supplier provides a SEE Service for a SEE Service acquirer.
2.6
automated or assisted software process
software process that is performed either fully or partially supported by CASE tools
2.7
actor
organization or CASE tool that supplies and/or acquires SEE Services
2.8
operation
action needed to perform an Activity
NOTE One or more operations are necessary to execute an Activity. An operation may consist of other operations.
2.9
SEE Service acquirer
actor that acquires a SEE Service
2.10
SEE Service supplier
actor that supplies a SEE Service
3 Abbreviated terms
CASE – Computer Aided Software Engineering
SEE – Software Engineering Environment
4 Reference Model for SEE services
4.1 Categories of SEE services
This (draft) International Standard provides a reference model for SEE services. As a reference model, this
(draft) International Standard uses a set of conceptual descriptions to describe each service used in a
software engineering environment. The “conceptual description” indicates that the description is from a
reference viewpoint, and does not deal with any specific implementation. The description is therefore general
and does not assume any specific application domain, life cycle model, or tool in a project. In this way, this
(draft) International Standard can be applied to any defined organizational environment.
2 © ISO/IEC 2006 – All rights reserved

An actual environment is one that is built from a reference model containing conceptual descriptions.
Therefore, an actual description of a specific environment would reflect a particular activity with its tools and
standards. The services described in this (draft) International Standard are grouped into six categories that
reflect broad functional activities within a typical software engineering organization. The six categories are:
⎯ Software engineering services (e.g., System Design, Software Modelling, Simulation);
⎯ Technical management services (e.g., Reuse, Configuration management);
⎯ Project management services (e.g., Estimation, Project monitoring);
⎯ Process management services (e.g., Process Monitoring, Process improvement);
⎯ SEE Support services (e.g., Publishing, Policy enforcement);
⎯ SEE infrastructure services (e.g., Repository, Communication, OS services).
4.2 Structure of service description
Each service is defined under two headings:
⎯ Service Concept, to provide a description of the service in terms that are not related to a specific
implementation.
⎯ Service Operations, to list those operations that may be included in a service. These lists of operational
capabilities represent, in most cases, primary services only and are not intended to be complete.
Exemplary automated supports for each SEE Services are listed in Annex A, it includes lists of corresponding
service operations to help readers understand SEE.
4.3 Reference model
SEE services can be identified within a Reference model. This section presents those concepts that are part
of this reference model (See Fig.1 SEE Reference Model described in UML). The reference model is made of
the following concepts:
⎯ Software Engineering Environment (model itself)
⎯ SEE Service
⎯ SEE Service Operation
⎯ CASE Tool
⎯ Actor
⎯ Activity
⎯ Organization
While engineering software systems and in related domains (e.g. project management), a life cycle Activity is
achieved by one or more Operations. SEE Service operations satisfy target life cycle activities. Actor as SEE
Service supplier provides SEE Service to another actor as SEE Service acquirer. SEE Service supplier and
SEE Service acquirer are Organizations or CASE tools.

© ISO/IEC 2006 – All rights reserved 3

NOTE brief usages of UML notation are described here for readers benefit.
class: A class is drawn as a solid-outline rectangle with a class

name. A class name proceeding package names separated by
double colons (::) indicate a class defined in another package.
association class: An association that also has class properties
(or a class that has association properties) shown as a class
symbol (rectangle) attached by a dashed line to an association
path.
association: Binary associations are shown as lines connecting
two class symbols.
inheritance: A subclass "inherits" from the superclass, ("is a"
relationship). It is represented in the image with a line starting at
the subclass and ending in a white arrow at the superclass.
aggregation: A superclass instance "uses a" subclass instance
(or more than one). It is represented in the images with a line
starting at the superclass with a white diamond and ending in the
subclass.
rolename
rolename: A name string near the end of the line indicates the role
played by the class attached, if specified.
navigability: An arrow may be attached to the end of the line to
indicate that navigation is supported toward the classifier attached
to the arrow. Normally one-way navigability is shown and two-way
navigability is suppressed (no-way navigability is rare in practice).
* multiplicity: specifies the number of target instances that may be
associated with a single source instance across the given
Association. A single star ‘*’ denotes the unlimited nonnegative
integer range multiplicity that means many.
Figure 1 — SEE Reference Model described in UML

4 © ISO/IEC 2006 – All rights reserved

5 Software engineering services
The services in this section support activities related to the specification, design, implementation, testing, and
maintenance of software. The following services are defined and grouped in this section:
⎯ Software requirements engineering services;
⎯ Software reverse engineering service;
⎯ Software re-engineering service;
⎯ Software prototyping service;
⎯ Software design service;
⎯ Software modelling service;
⎯ Software simulation service;
⎯ Component based software generation service;
⎯ Source code generation service;
⎯ Compilation service;
⎯ Debugging service;
⎯ Software static/dynamic analysis service;
⎯ Software testing services;
⎯ Software verification service;
⎯ Software integration services.
5.1 Software requirements engineering service
5.1.1 Service concept
This service provides the ability to capture, represent, analyse, validate, and refine those system requirements
that are allocated to software components.
5.1.2 Service operations
This service provides the ability to:
⎯ Elicit and capture software requirements;
⎯ Structure the software requirements;
⎯ Create, modify, browse, and present software requirements;
⎯ Group and prioritise software requirements;
⎯ Check consistency of software requirements;
⎯ Allocate software requirements for each software component;
© ISO/IEC 2006 – All rights reserved 5

⎯ Conduct impact analysis for the addition, subtraction, or modification in a requirement against the project
value, resources, and timeline;
⎯ Validate and baseline the document specs based on stakeholders and developers.
5.2 Software reverse engineering service
5.2.1 Service concept
This service provides the ability to capture design information from source or object code, and produce
structure charts, call graphs, and other design documentation to provide new functionality or support a new
environment.
5.2.2 Service operations
This service provides the ability to:
⎯ Generate design from source code;
⎯ Generate source program from object code.
5.3 Software re-engineering service
5.3.1 Service concept
This service provides the ability to take a new or a modified set of software requirements and the existing
design as input and produce a new or modified design.
5.3.2 Service operations
This service provides the ability to:
⎯ Revise or restructure existing code;
⎯ Perform impact analysis of new design on existing software components;
⎯ Translate from one notation or language into another;
⎯ Check that the new set of requirements is consistent with the existing system;
⎯ Determine the impact of the altered design on the existing set of components.
5.4 Software prototyping service
5.4.1 Service concept
This service provides the ability to enable the production of a software system that reproduces the user
interface and emulates the functionality and behaviour of the final system to be built.
5.4.2 Service operations
This service provides the ability to:
⎯ Build a prototype from requirements;
⎯ Invoke software modelling service if necessary and available;
6 © ISO/IEC 2006 – All rights reserved

⎯ Produce a user interface from requirements;
⎯ Execute a prototype;
⎯ Conduct simulations if necessary and available.
5.5 Software modelling service
5.5.1 Service concept
This service provides the ability to model requirements and/or design in order to determine the effectiveness
of alternative designs with respect to such attributes as user interface characteristics or execution flow.
5.5.2 Service operations
This service provides the ability to:
⎯ Build a software model (graphical, logical, mathematical, formal, etc.) from requirements;
⎯ Validate a software model;
⎯ Map and/or transform one software model into another;
⎯ Analyse a software model.
5.6 Software simulation service
5.6.1 Service concept
This service provides the ability to simulate models in order to determine the effectiveness of alternative
designs with respect to such attributes as user interface characteristics or execution flow.
5.6.2 Service operations
This service provides the ability to:
⎯ Build a simulation model by invoking the software modelling service if necessary and available;
⎯ Execute a software model;
⎯ Capture simulation results of software models.
5.7 Software design service
5.7.1 Service concept
This service provides the ability to capture, represent, create, analyse, and refine the design attributes of the
software components of a system or subsystem. The outcome of the software design service includes the
definition of the software components and sub-components.
5.7.2 Service operations
This service provides the ability to:
⎯ Translate requirements into architecture and design elements;
⎯ Create and modify software architecture and design representation;
© ISO/IEC 2006 – All rights reserved 7

⎯ Validate architecture and design artefacts to requirements;
⎯ Produce structure charts, graphs, screens or other design information from a design representation;
⎯ Structure design specifications;
⎯ Architecture and design documentation;
⎯ Evaluate architecture and design representations.
5.8 Component based software generation service
5.8.1 Service concept
This service provides the ability to produce automatically and semi-automatically software components using
existing components or component templates.
5.8.2 Service operations
This service provides the ability to:
⎯ Generate a parser from a syntactic language description;
⎯ Generate a script for the composition and interconnection of software components;
⎯ Generate a rule-based system from a set of rules;
⎯ Generate a user interface component for a software system.
5.9 Source code generation service
5.9.1 Service concept
This service provides the ability to generate modules from design specifications.
5.9.2 Service operations
This service provides the ability to:
⎯ Generate modules from design specifications;
⎯ Invoke the software static/dynamic analysis service and work-through source code;
⎯ Provide for traceability to design specifications.
5.10 Compilation service
5.10.1 Service concept
This service provides the ability to support the translation (e.g., build, compile or interpretation) and linking of
software components written in various programming languages. The principal outputs from this service are
executable programs supporting the implementation of some target system.
5.10.2 Service operations
This service provides the ability to:
⎯ Find code and inheritance dependencies among a set of software components;
8 © ISO/IEC 2006 – All rights reserved

⎯ Pre-process source code to produce modified source code;
⎯ Apply macro expansions to source code;
⎯ Translate a source program into some target object code language;
⎯ Produce report on the translation; this may include source listings of various complexity, including
cross-reference data, compilation speeds, CPU usage, etc.;
⎯ Link the object code into executable images. When intended for use on a remote target, link code into
loadable/bootable images;
⎯ Update the compiled system incrementally to reflect new changes.
5.11 Debugging service
5.11.1 Service concept
This service provides the ability to locate and repair source code errors in individual software components by
controlled or monitored execution of the code to track down errors and replace code.
5.11.2 Service operations
This service provides the ability to:
⎯ Instrument source programs by inserting breakpoints, instruction traps, printing out data values, and
modifying source text;
⎯ Execute programs incrementally;
⎯ Monitor and save execution output;
⎯ Log and measure debugging results;
⎯ Analyse properties of programs and their current data values.
5.12 Software static/dynamic analysis service
5.12.1 Service concept
This service provides for the static analysis, or source code analysis, of software components in order to
determine execution structure within the component and for the dynamic analysis, or code in execution
analysis, in order to determine execution behaviour characteristics.
5.12.2 Service operations
This service provides the ability to:
⎯ Collect raw statistics from a software module/component;
⎯ Compute complexity measures from a software module/component;
⎯ Produce and graphically represent cross reference lists;
⎯ Collect raw statistics from a software module/component in execution;
⎯ Produce and graphically represent characteristics of the execution behaviour;
⎯ Produce findings according predefined template or rules.
© ISO/IEC 2006 – All rights reserved 9

5.13 Software testing service
5.13.1 Service concept
This service provides test software systems at the levels of individual software components (unit testing), on
collections of software components (integration testing), and on complete software systems (system testing).
5.13.2 Service operations
This service provides the ability to:
⎯ Generate test cases;
⎯ Analyse source programs and generate reports;
⎯ Enable traceability to requirements;
⎯ Perform appropriate types of testing (e.g., functional, operational, security, performance etc.);
⎯ Perform non-regression testing of required previous test cases on the object under test;
⎯ Simulate the overall working environment and perform system load testing;
⎯ Compare test results with expected results;
5.14 Software verification service
5.14.1 Service concept
This service provides the ability to confirm by examination and provision of evidence that the specified
requirements have been fulfilled.
5.14.2 Service operations
This service provides the ability to:
⎯ Analyse specifications for consistency;
⎯ Review and inspect source component (either source programming language or design language);
⎯ Identify errors (between specifications and verified object);
⎯ Produce summary report.
5.15 Software integration service
5.15.1 Service concept
This service provides the ability to support the integration of software modules and/or components to make up
the final integrated software system.
5.15.2 Service operations
This service provides the ability to:
⎯ Prepare software modules and/or components to be integrated;
10 © ISO/IEC 2006 – All rights reserved

⎯ Manage module and/or component repository and libraries;
⎯ Integrate modules and/or components according to a predefined architecture and model;
⎯ Monitor integration and produce a status report.
6 Technical management services
The services in this section fall into a category that includes both Software Engineering and Project
Management. These services relate to activities that are often shared by engineers and managers. This
section describes the following services:
⎯ Configuration management service;
⎯ Change management service;
⎯ SEE Repository management service;
⎯ Reuse management service;
⎯ Measurement and analysis service;
⎯ Quality assurance service;
⎯ Audit service;
⎯ Software traceability service;
⎯ Documentation service;
⎯ Review service support.
6.1 Configuration management service
6.1.1 Service concept
This service provides facilities for the identification, documentation, and control of the functional and physical
characteristics of configuration items to ensure traceability, management of interrelationships between system
components, and reproducibility of a project’s end products.
6.1.2 Service operations
This service provides the ability to:
⎯ Provide unique identification of each configuration item;
⎯ Enable access control for every element;
⎯ Define configuration items in a system;
⎯ Invoke change management;
⎯ Provide selection support for configuration items of a specified version.
© ISO/IEC 2006 – All rights reserved 11

6.2 Change management service
6.2.1 Service concept
This service provides facilities for the creation and control of change requests, change orders, and provides
an audit trail of changes to product components. It records all decisions, task assignments, product changes,
and other activities related to these items.
6.2.2 Service operations
This service provides the ability to:
⎯ Create a change request in response to a reported error, omission, or required update;
⎯ Support the analysis of the impact of the proposed change;
⎯ Classify, and retain a historical record of a change request;
⎯ Create, evaluate, and track a change order based on a change request;
⎯ Permit communication channels within the stakeholders.
6.3 SEE repository management service
6.3.1 Service concept
This service provides the ability to create, access, and modify information objects (i.e. requirements
specifications, test cases, simulation cases, diagrams, etc) in the SEE repository management and recording
the relationships between them.
6.3.2 Service operations
This service provides the ability to:
⎯ Create, access, and modify information objects;
⎯ Create, access, and modify groups of information objects;
⎯ Create, access, and modify relationships among information objects;
⎯ Manage access control;
⎯ Provide multi-user and collaborative working environments.
6.4 Reuse Management service
6.4.1 Service concept
This service provides facilities for the identification, storage, classification, inspection, and reuse of assets
related to the engineering processes.
6.4.2 Service operations
This service provides the ability to:
⎯ Deposit, acquire, or submit asset into the repository;
⎯ Catalogue, register, and classify the asset;
12 © ISO/IEC 2006 – All rights reserved

⎯ Search or browse the repository;
⎯ Examine or extract the asset;
⎯ Register the extractor or submitter;
⎯ Report of limitations/usage requirements of an asset.
6.5 Measurement and analysis service
6.5.1 Service concept
This service provides facilities for the collection and organization of primitive data into meaningful information
to the end-users of the SEE.
6.5.2 Service operations
This service provides the ability to:
⎯ Allow definition of measures and measurement criteria;
⎯ Allow the definition of artifacts such as patterns and rules to support analysis;
⎯ Check consistency of measurement and analysis model if necessary;
⎯ Insert and delete data from data set;
⎯ Pick appropriate model for given data set;
⎯ Compare data set to the predictive model;
⎯ Compute general statistics on a data set;
⎯ Support different viewpoints for different stakeholders at repository level;
⎯ Capture an appropriate number of characteristics according to non-functional requirements, such as
reliability, criticality or dependability for the software product.
6.6 Quality assurance service
6.6.1 Service concept
This service provides facilities for the definition, tracking, and performance of quality assurance activities and
the analysis of their results.
6.6.2 Service operations
This service provides the ability to:
⎯ Establish and maintain records of Quality Assurance activities;
⎯ Define specific product and/or process items that are subject to Quality Assurance review;
⎯ Analyse Quality Assurance data for compliance with requirements.
© ISO/IEC 2006 – All rights reserved 13

6.7 Audit service
6.7.1 Service concept
This service provides facilities for the planning and performance of audits and the analysis and reporting of
their results. The audit may include environment, process, and project.
6.7.2 Service operations
This service provides the ability to:
⎯ Maintain a set of audit checklists and support user creation and customisation of checklists;
⎯ Support audit preparation and scheduling;
⎯ Provide for retention of audit data;
⎯ Provide for analysis of audit data (e.g., pass/fail, trend analysis).
6.8 Software traceability service
6.8.1 Service concept
This service provides facilities for the ability to record the relationships between items of the software lifecycle
process. This service is obtained through the repository subschema exploitation.
6.8.2 Service operations
This service provides the ability to:
⎯ Create, update, and destroy relationships between two items;
⎯ Query and report current status of relationships;
⎯ Query relationship history;
⎯ Trace requirements throughout stages of the life cycle process;
⎯ Navigate relationships and items.
6.9 Documentation service
6.9.1 Service concept
This service provides facilities for the development, integration, configuration management and traceability
analysis of any media documentation (e.g. on-line, paper, and other relevant media of documentation).
6.9.2 Service operations
This service provides the ability to:
⎯ Author documentation;
⎯ Allow linking context sensitive documentation;
⎯ Build online documentation into delivery package;
⎯ Manage and control documentation;
14 © ISO/IEC 2006 – All rights reserved

⎯ Produce any relevant media formats;
⎯ Flag dependent documentation items due to software changes;
⎯ Enable document version management;
⎯ Review cycle management;
⎯ Enable access control.
6.10 Review service support
6.10.1 Service concept
This service provides facilities for various review activities in the software development life cycle.
6.10.2 Service operations
This service provides the ability to:
⎯ Prepare documents for review;
⎯ Annotate comments, refer/paste/link related documents to the review documents;
⎯ Find/retrieve keywords from the documents and the SEE repository;
⎯ Report and catalogue review results.
7 Project management services
The services in this section support the activities related to planning and executing a project. Following project
initiation, detailed planning of the project activities will be necessary, together with ongoing monitoring and re-
planning of the project to ensure its continued progress. This section describes the following services:
⎯ Project Planning Service;
⎯ Project Estimation Service;
⎯ Project Risk management Service;
⎯ Project monitoring and scheduling Service;
⎯ Project Evaluation Service.
7.1 Project planning service
7.1.1 Service concept
This service supports operations that permit handling of data according to a set of project objectives relevant
to a project's constraints.
7.1.2 Service operations
This service provides the ability to:
⎯ Translate project objectives into key project events;
© ISO/IEC 2006 – All rights reserved 15

⎯ Quantify inputs and outputs for work activities;
⎯ Allow assignment of relationships (dependencies) between activities;
⎯ Estimate event lead times;
⎯ Calculate start and finish dates;
⎯ Analyse critical paths;
⎯ Generate detailed event schedules;
⎯ Enable resource allocation;
⎯ Register assignment of work re
...