ISO 24605:2024
(Main)Road vehicles — Dimethyl ether (DME) refuelling connector with pressure equalizing port
Road vehicles — Dimethyl ether (DME) refuelling connector with pressure equalizing port
This document applies only to dimethyl-ether refuelling connectors with a pressure-equalizing port, hereinafter referred to as devices, constructed entirely of new, unused parts and materials. Dimethyl-ether refuelling connectors with a pressure-equalizing port consist of the following components, as applicable: a) nozzle with a pressure-equalizing port, The refuelling nozzle and pressure-equalizing port are integrated so that the connecting of the refuelling path and pressure-equalizing path is performed with a single action (mounted on the dispenser side) (see Clause 5). b) receptacle with a pressure-equalizing port (mounted on vehicle) (see Clause 7). This document applies to devices which use dimethyl ether as fuel, hereinafter referred to in this document as M15 [see 9.2 c)]: This document applies to devices with standardised mating components. This document applies to connectors which prevent dimethyl-ether vehicles from being fuelled by fuel-station dispensers for other gaseous fuels. This document is applicable to dimethyl ether in accordance with ISO 16861. All references to pressures (kPa) throughout this document are considered gauge pressures unless otherwise specified.
Véhicules routiers — Connecteur de ravitaillement en éther diméthylique (DME) avec orifice d'égalisation de pression
General Information
Relations
Standards Content (Sample)
International
Standard
ISO 24605
First edition
Road vehicles — Dimethyl ether
2024-06
(DME) refuelling connector with
pressure equalizing port
Véhicules routiers — Connecteur de ravitaillement en éther
diméthylique (DME) avec orifice d'égalisation de pression
Reference number
© ISO 2024
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ii
Contents Page
Foreword .iv
Introduction .v
1 Scope . 1
2 Normative references . 1
3 Terms and definitions . 1
4 General construction requirements . 3
5 Nozzles . 3
6 Standard receptacle dimensions . 4
7 Receptacles . 5
8 Instructions . 6
9 Marking . . 6
10 Tests . 7
10.1 General requirements .7
10.2 Impact resistance .7
10.2.1 Nozzle test .7
10.2.2 Receptacle test .8
10.3 Leakage at room temperature .8
10.4 Abnormal loads .9
10.4.1 Test in unpressurised condition .10
10.4.2 Test in pressurised condition . .10
10.5 Mounting hardware torque .10
10.6 Leakage at low and high temperatures .10
10.7 Nozzle freezing .10
10.8 Durability .11
10.8.1 Endurance .11
10.8.2 Corrosion resistance . 12
10.8.3 Brass material compatibility . 12
10.8.4 Resistance to dry heat . 13
10.8.5 Ozone ageing . 13
10.8.6 Temperature cycle . 13
10.8.7 Compatibility to dimethyl ether . 13
10.8.8 Electrical continuity .14
10.9 Hydrostatic strength .14
10.10 Oxygen ageing .14
10.11 Non-metallic material immersion .14
10.12 Vibration resistance . . 15
10.13 Creep . .16
10.14 Automotive fluid exposure .16
10.14.1 General .16
10.14.2 Test method .16
10.14.3 Fluids .17
10.14.4 Pass criteria .17
Annex A (normative) Critical dimensions of the nozzles.18
Annex B (normative) Manufacturing and production test plan . 19
Bibliography .20
iii
Foreword
ISO (the International Organization for Standardization) is a worldwide federation of national standards
bodies (ISO member bodies). The work of preparing International Standards is normally carried out through
ISO technical committees. Each member body interested in a subject for which a technical committee
has been established has the right to be represented on that committee. International organizations,
governmental and non-governmental, in liaison with ISO, also take part in the work. ISO collaborates closely
with the International Electrotechnical Commission (IEC) on all matters of electrotechnical standardization.
The procedures used to develop this document and those intended for its further maintenance are described
in the ISO/IEC Directives, Part 1. In particular, the different approval criteria needed for the different types
of ISO document should be noted. This document was drafted in accordance with the editorial rules of the
ISO/IEC Directives, Part 2 (see www.iso.org/directives).
ISO draws attention to the possibility that the implementation of this document may involve the use of (a)
patent(s). ISO takes no position concerning the evidence, validity or applicability of any claimed patent
rights in respect thereof. As of the date of publication of this document, ISO had not received notice of (a)
patent(s) which may be required to implement this document. However, implementers are cautioned that
this may not represent the latest information, which may be obtained from the patent database available at
www.iso.org/patents. ISO shall not be held responsible for identifying any or all such patent rights.
Any trade name used in this document is information given for the convenience of users and does not
constitute an endorsement.
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related to conformity assessment, as well as information about ISO's adherence to the World Trade
Organization (WTO) principles in the Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT), see www.iso.org/iso/foreword.html.
This document was prepared by Technical Committee ISO/TC 22, Road vehicles, Subcommittee SC 41, Specific
aspects for gaseous fuels.
Any feedback or questions on this document should be directed to the user’s national standards body. A
complete listing of these bodies can be found at www.iso.org/members.html.
iv
Introduction
This document was developed for the examination, testing and certification of newly produced dimethyl-
ether vehicle fuelling nozzles with a pressure-equalizing port and receptacles with a pressure-equalizing
port for pressure-equalization filling systems only. It applies to nozzles with a pressure equalizing port and
receptacles with a pressure-equalizing port used in the dimethyl-ether pressure-equalization filling system
and not to the fuel system of the vehicle.
A nozzle with a pressure-equalizing port conforming to this document will be functionally compatible
from a safety and performance perspective with all listed receptacles with pressure-equalizing ports
of compatible profile and system pressure. Similarly, a receptacle conforming to this document will be
functionally compatible from a safety and performance perspective with all listed nozzles with pressure-
equalizing ports of compatible profile and system pressure.
As there may eventually be many different kinds of nozzles with pressure-equalizing ports and receptacles
with pressure-equalizing ports available from a variety of manufacturers which, for safety reasons, should
all be compatible with each other, this document specifies one standardized profile of receptacle. This
standard profile incorporates the design specifications (mating materials, geometry and tolerances) which
may be considered in the certification of a submitted nozzle or receptacle.
v
International Standard ISO 24605:2024(en)
Road vehicles — Dimethyl ether (DME) refuelling connector
with pressure equalizing port
1 Scope
This document applies only to dimethyl-ether refuelling connectors with a pressure-equalizing port,
hereinafter referred to as devices, constructed entirely of new, unused parts and materials. Dimethyl-ether
refuelling connectors with a pressure-equalizing port consist of the following components, as applicable:
a) nozzle with a pressure-equalizing port,
The refuelling nozzle and pressure-equalizing port are integrated so that the connecting of the refuelling
path and pressure-equalizing path is performed with a single action (mounted on the dispenser side)
(see Clause 5).
b) receptacle with a pressure-equalizing port (mounted on vehicle) (see Clause 7).
This document applies to devices which use dimethyl ether as fuel, hereinafter referred to in this document
as M15 [see 9.2 c)]:
This document applies to devices with standardised mating components.
This document applies to connectors which prevent dimethyl-ether vehicles from being fuelled by fuel-
station dispensers for other gaseous fuels.
This document is applicable to dimethyl ether in accordance with ISO 16861.
All references to pressures (kPa) throughout this document are considered gauge pressures unless
otherwise specified.
2 Normative references
The following documents are referred to in the text in such a way that some or all of their content constitutes
requirements of this document. For dated references, only the edition cited applies. For undated references,
the latest edition of the referenced document (including any amendments) applies.
ISO 188, Rubber, vulcanized or thermoplastic — Accelerated ageing and heat resistance tests
ISO 1431-1, Rubber, vulcanized or thermoplastic — Resistance to ozone cracking — Part 1: Static and dynamic
strain testing
ISO 1817, Rubber, vulcanized or thermoplastic — Determination of the effect of liquids
ISO 9227, Corrosion tests in artificial atmospheres — Salt spray tests
ISO 16861, Petroleum products — Fuels (class F) — Specifications of dimethyl ether (DME)
3 Terms and definitions
For the purposes of this document, the following terms and definitions apply.
ISO and IEC maintain terminology databases for use in standardization at the following addresses:
— ISO Online browsing platform: available at https:// www .iso .org/ obp
— IEC Electropedia: available at https:// www .electropedia .org/
3.1
dry air
air with moisture content such that the dew point of the air at the required test pressure is at least 11 °C
below the ambient test temperature
3.2
working pressure
maximum pressure that a connector (3.7) with a pressure-equalizing port can be expected to withstand in
actual service
3.3
dimethyl ether
DME
methoxymethane
organic compound with the formula CH OCH , simplified to C H O
3 3 2 6
Note 1 to entry: Dimethyl ether is liquid below −25 °C.
3.4
pressure-equalization filling system
filling system in which liquefied fuel gas in a storage tank is filled into a vehicle fuel container after pressure
is equalized between the vehicle fuel container and the storage tank of the filling station
Note 1 to entry: Pressure is equalized by connecting pressure-equalizing piping between the gas phase parts of the
container and the storage tank.
3.5
nozzle
dimethyl-ether refuelling nozzle with pressure equalizing port
device which permits quick connection and disconnection of the fuel supply hose and the pressure equalizing
hose to the dimethyl-ether receptacle with pressure equalizing port (3.6) simultaneously in a safe manner
3.6
receptacle
dimethyl-ether refuelling receptacle with pressure equalizing port
device connected to a vehicle or storage system which receives the dimethyl-ether refuelling nozzle with
pressure equalizing port (3.5) and permits safe transfer of fuel and DME vapor for pressure equalizing
3.7
connector
dimethyl-ether refuelling connector with pressure equalizing port
joined assembly of dimethyl-ether refuelling nozzle with pressure equalizing port (3.5) and receptacle with
pressure equalizing port
3.8
non-sparking material
material that does not contain, by mass, more than 7,5 % in total of magnesium, titanium and zirconium
[SOURCE: IEC 60079-0:2018, 8.3]
3.9
service gasket
replaceable gasket ensuring tightness of the connections between ports of the nozzle and receptacle
3.10
cycle life
number of connections and disconnections between the nozzle (3.5) and the receptacle (3.6) required for
testing purposes
3.11
service life
number of operations of the check valve in the receptacle for testing purposes
4 General construction requirements
4.1 Nozzles and receptacles shall be designed with the following safety, durability and maintainability
requirements:
1) Working pressure: all nozzles and receptacles are designed to have a working pressure defined by the
manufacturer and clearly marked on the device (see 9.2 d).
2) Design life: all nozzles shall be tested at 100 000 connect/disconnect cycles and all receptacles at 20 000
connect/disconnect cycles for conformity with this document. The service gasket may be changed after
a minimum of 20 000 cycles.
4.2 Nozzles and receptacles shall be:
— designed to be secure against displacement, distortion, warping or other damage under normal conditions
of handling and use;
3 3
— designed to release less than 1 cm from liquid connection and 1 cm from vapour connection during
disconnection;
— constructed to maintain operational integrity under normal and reasonable conditions of handling
and usage;
— manufactured and produced according to the test plan in Annex B.
4.3 Nozzles and receptacles shall be manufactured with materials suitable and compatible for use with
dimethyl ether, in accordance with ISO 16861, at the pressure and the temperature ranges to which they will
be subjected.
4.3.1 The temperature range shall be:
for the receptacle:
— moderate operating conditions: −20 °C to +85 °C;
— cold operating conditions: −40 °C to +85 °C;
for the nozzle:
— moderate operating conditions: −20 °C to +65 °C;
— cold operating conditions: −40 °C to +65 °C.
In some regions, it is possible that the temperature range specified is not sufficient. In such cases, a wider
temperature range, representative of that specific region, shall be considered.
4.4 Nozzles and receptacles shall be operated either to connect or disconnect without the use of tools.
4.5 Jointing components shall provide gas tight sealing performance.
5 Nozzles
The design of the nozzle shall ensure that:
a) it is compatible with the receptacle as specified in Clause 6;
b) entrapment of fingers and/or cold burns are not possible;
c) the maximum push-on force during connection is 100 N at any pressure up to 1 500 kPa in the nozzle;
d) the maximum pull-off force during disconnection is 50 N at 1 500 kPa;
e) the force to operate the lever, if any, applied at the centre of the grip area of the lever, is 150 N maximum
at any pressure up to 1 500 kPa in the nozzle;
f) if a latch is provided and in use, it shall be capable of being normally disarmed by the user;
g) it is not possible to open the liquid and vapour flow paths valves in the nozzle if the nozzle is not properly
locked and sealed on the receptacle;
h) a locking mechanism is incorporated that locks in the connected position;
i) it is not possible to unlock the nozzle from the receptacle unless the liquid and vapour flow paths valves
in the nozzle are closed;
j) internal blocking due to freezing does not occur under intended operating conditions;
k) it will withstand a torque of 150 % of the mounting torque specified by the manufacturer without damage;
l) the external surfaces of the nozzle are corrosion resistant or protected against corrosion and are made
of materials (non-sparking materials) that do not cause sparks when dropped on a surface;
m) changing the service gasket shall not result in any dimethyl ether release;
n) the minimum cycle life of the service gasket is 20 000 cycles;
o) the nozzle is provided with a means to securely attach it to the delivery hose and the pressure
equalizing hose;
p) the nozzle shall conform to the performance requirements of Clause 10 to ensure interchangeability.
6 Standard receptacle dimensions
A receptacle shall conform to the design specifications detailed in Figure 1.
Key
this area shall be kept free of all components
1 flow filling line
2 flow equalizing line
a minimum length of the receptacle that is clear of provisions for attachment of the receptacle or protection caps
Figure 1 — M15 receptacle
7 Receptacles
7.1 Receptacles shall conform to Clause 4 and Clauses 6 to 10. Receptacles shall be evaluated with a test
nozzle that already conforms to this document.
The failure of any test conducted with the receptacle and nozzle test samples shall constitute a failure of the
submitted receptacle, unless the manufacturer can prove the problem was caused by the test nozzle.
7.2 The receptacle shall be equipped with an internal check valve in both the main filling path and the
pressure-equalizing path to prevent the escape of pressurized fuel.
The check valve of the main filling path may be made mechanically overridable by the connection of the nozzle.
The equalizing port check valve shall be mechanically overridable by the connection of the nozzle.
The differential opening pressure of the check valve of the main filling path shall not exceed 30 kPa when
tested with water.
The trapped volume in the connector, which may be filled with liquid DME during the fuelling and which is
opened to the atmosphere upon the disconnection of the nozzle from the receptacle, shall not exceed 0,1 cm .
7.3 The method for attaching the receptacle to the vehicle-fuel system shall not rely on the joint between
the male and female threads for sealing, such as conical threads.
7.4 The interfacing surface of the receptacle shall be constructed of material that is non-sparking and that
ensures electrical continuity (see 10.8.8).
7.5 The receptacle shall have provisions to be firmly attached to the vehicle and shall conform to applicable
abnormal load tests (see 10.4).
7.6 The receptacle shall be mounted on the vehicle in line with Annex A.
7.7 The receptacle shall not be installed in an area that exceeds a temperature of 85 °C.
7.8 The receptacle shall have a cycle life of more than 20 000 cycles and a service life of more than
100 000 cycles.
8 Instructions
Information required for instructions and provisions shall be given in an easily understood form.
Special tools required for the connection of the receptacle to tubing shall be clearly identified in the
instructions.
Manufacturers of the receptacle and nozzle shall provide clear and concise printed instructions and
diagrams in a form that can be easily understood and adequate for:
— proper field assembly,
— installation,
— maintenance,
— replacement of components as appropriate,
— for safe operation by all users,
— suitability and use,
— storage and handling.
9 Marking
9.1 Information required for marking and provisions shall be given in an easily understood form. Marking
should be embossed, cast, stamped or otherwise formed in the part. This includes markings baked into an
enamelled surface.
9.2 The nozzle and the receptacle shall bear the following information:
a) the name, trademark or symbol of the manufacturer or dealer,
b) the model designation,
c) M15,
d) the working pressure,
e) the minimum design temperature,
f) manufacturer code to ensure traceability,
g) a certification mark (if required).
9.3 A marking to identify this document shall be provided for each system. This marking may be located
on the package or on a notice placed inside the package in which the device is shipped.
10 Tests
10.1 General requirements
A nozzle and receptacle shall be tested with receptacle and nozzle designs specified under Clauses 4 to 9.
Unless otherwise stated:
a) tests shall be conducted at room temperature (20 ± 5) °C;
b) all pressu
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