Animal and vegetable fats and oils - Gas chromatography of fatty acid methyl esters - Part 3: Preparation of methyl esters using trimethylsulfonium hydroxide (TMSH)

ISO 12966-3:2016 specifies a rapid base-catalysed transesterification method for fats and oils with trimethylsulfonium hydroxide (TMSH) to prepare fatty acid methyl esters. The method is exclusively applicable to the preparation of methyl esters of fats and oils for gas liquid chromatographic (GLC) analysis. It is applicable to all fats and oils, but excluding those coming from milk and milk products. Isomerization of unsaturated fatty acids only occurs to a minor extent and isomerized fatty acids are only present at the determination limit. As isomerization takes place, the procedure is not recommended for conjugated linoleic acid (CLA). Only about 70 % to 80 % of the free fatty acids are esterified. In the case of conjugated cyclopropyl and cyclopropenyl fatty acids, side reactions may occur, but these do not interfere with the determination of the fatty acids.

Corps gras d'origines animale et végétale — Chromatographie en phase gazeuse des esters méthyliques d'acides gras — Partie 3: Préparation des esters méthyliques à l'aide d'hydroxyde de triméthylsulfonium (TMSH)

ISO 12966-3:2016 spécifie une méthode de transestérification rapide des corps gras par catalyse basique avec de l'hydroxyde de triméthylsulfonium (TMSH), pour préparer des esters méthyliques d'acides gras. Cette méthode s'applique exclusivement à la préparation des esters méthyliques des corps gras pour l'analyse chromatographique en phase gazeuse-liquide (CPG). Elle s'applique à tous les corps gras, à l'exclusion de ceux issus du lait et des produits laitiers. L'isomérisation des acides gras insaturés ne se produit que rarement et les acides gras isomérisés ne sont présents que dans la limite de détermination. Puisqu'il y a isomérisation, ce mode opératoire n'est pas recommandé pour l'acide linoléique conjugué (CLA). Seulement environ 70 % à 80 % des acides gras libres sont estérifiés. Dans le cas d'acides gras conjugués cyclopropyl et cyclopropényl, des réactions secondaires peuvent se produire mais n'interfèrent pas dans la détermination des acides gras.

General Information

Status
Published
Publication Date
11-May-2016
Current Stage
9093 - International Standard confirmed
Start Date
08-Dec-2021
Completion Date
13-Dec-2025

Relations

Effective Date
06-Jun-2022
Effective Date
06-Jun-2022
Effective Date
28-Nov-2015

Overview

ISO 12966-3:2016 is an international standard that specifies a rapid base-catalyzed transesterification method for preparing fatty acid methyl esters (FAMEs) from animal and vegetable fats and oils using trimethylsulfonium hydroxide (TMSH). This method is focused on producing methyl esters suitable for gas liquid chromatographic (GLC) analysis, a critical technique in lipid profiling and quality control.

The standard applies to all fats and oils except those derived from milk and dairy products. It addresses the preparation step in fatty acid analysis and aims to provide a quick, reliable approach while minimizing isomerization of unsaturated fatty acids. However, due to the minor isomerization that occurs during the process, the method is not recommended for conjugated linoleic acid (CLA) analysis.

Key Topics

  • Rapid Base-Catalyzed Transesterification: The method uses TMSH as a catalyst to convert fats and oils into methyl esters, facilitating efficient and fast sample preparation for chromatographic analysis.

  • Scope Exclusions: The procedure excludes milk and dairy fats due to matrix complexity and potential interference.

  • Sample Preparation: Samples are dissolved in methyl tert-butyl ether (MTBE), then mixed with a methanolic TMSH solution. Transesterification and formation of methyl esters occur during injection into the gas chromatograph injector heated to at least 250 °C.

  • Isomerization Control: Minimal isomerization of unsaturated fatty acids occurs, ensuring the accuracy of fatty acid profiling for most applications. However, it should be avoided for conjugated linoleic acid analysis.

  • Esterification of Free Fatty Acids: About 70% to 80% of free fatty acids are esterified during the process. Side reactions may occur with conjugated cyclopropyl and cyclopropenyl fatty acids but do not interfere with fatty acid determination.

  • Reagents and Equipment: The method requires high-purity reagents such as MTBE and a methanolic TMSH solution at a concentration around 0.2 mol/L. Standard laboratory pipettes, 2 ml test tubes, and a gas chromatograph with an injector capable of maintaining 250 °C are essential.

  • Safety Considerations: Proper handling of chemical reagents and solvents is emphasized due to their hazardous nature. Laboratories must follow technical, organizational, and personal safety protocols.

Applications

ISO 12966-3:2016 is highly valuable for:

  • Food Industry: Rapid analysis of fatty acid composition in edible fats and oils, essential for quality control and food labeling compliance.

  • Nutritional Research: Accurate profiling of animal and vegetable fats for nutritional studies where fatty acid composition is critical.

  • Lipidomics and Biochemistry: Preparation of methyl esters as samples for detailed gas chromatography analysis in research laboratories.

  • Quality Assurance Laboratories: Routine testing of fats and oils to monitor supplier quality and detect adulteration.

This standard facilitates streamlined, reproducible sample preparation that integrates seamlessly with chromatographic analytical techniques, enhancing data reliability related to fatty acid profiles.

Related Standards

  • ISO 12966-1: Guidelines for modern gas chromatographic analysis of fatty acid methyl esters.

  • ISO 12966-2: General procedures for preparing fatty acid methyl esters from fats and oils.

  • ISO 12966-4: Capillary gas chromatography methods for fatty acid methyl ester determination.

  • ISO 661: Sample preparation of animal and vegetable fats for analysis.

  • ISO 5555: Sampling methods for animal and vegetable fats and oils.

In combination, these standards provide a comprehensive framework for gas chromatographic fatty acid analysis from sampling through sample preparation to detection.


Keywords: ISO 12966-3:2016, fatty acid methyl esters, gas chromatography, transesterification, trimethylsulfonium hydroxide, TMSH, animal and vegetable fats, lipid analysis, fatty acid profiling, methyl tert-butyl ether, chromatographic sample preparation

Standard

ISO 12966-3:2016 - Animal and vegetable fats and oils — Gas chromatography of fatty acid methyl esters — Part 3: Preparation of methyl esters using trimethylsulfonium hydroxide (TMSH) Released:5/12/2016

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Standard

ISO 12966-3:2016 - Corps gras d'origines animale et végétale — Chromatographie en phase gazeuse des esters méthyliques d'acides gras — Partie 3: Préparation des esters méthyliques à l'aide d'hydroxyde de triméthylsulfonium (TMSH) Released:5/12/2016

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Frequently Asked Questions

ISO 12966-3:2016 is a standard published by the International Organization for Standardization (ISO). Its full title is "Animal and vegetable fats and oils - Gas chromatography of fatty acid methyl esters - Part 3: Preparation of methyl esters using trimethylsulfonium hydroxide (TMSH)". This standard covers: ISO 12966-3:2016 specifies a rapid base-catalysed transesterification method for fats and oils with trimethylsulfonium hydroxide (TMSH) to prepare fatty acid methyl esters. The method is exclusively applicable to the preparation of methyl esters of fats and oils for gas liquid chromatographic (GLC) analysis. It is applicable to all fats and oils, but excluding those coming from milk and milk products. Isomerization of unsaturated fatty acids only occurs to a minor extent and isomerized fatty acids are only present at the determination limit. As isomerization takes place, the procedure is not recommended for conjugated linoleic acid (CLA). Only about 70 % to 80 % of the free fatty acids are esterified. In the case of conjugated cyclopropyl and cyclopropenyl fatty acids, side reactions may occur, but these do not interfere with the determination of the fatty acids.

ISO 12966-3:2016 specifies a rapid base-catalysed transesterification method for fats and oils with trimethylsulfonium hydroxide (TMSH) to prepare fatty acid methyl esters. The method is exclusively applicable to the preparation of methyl esters of fats and oils for gas liquid chromatographic (GLC) analysis. It is applicable to all fats and oils, but excluding those coming from milk and milk products. Isomerization of unsaturated fatty acids only occurs to a minor extent and isomerized fatty acids are only present at the determination limit. As isomerization takes place, the procedure is not recommended for conjugated linoleic acid (CLA). Only about 70 % to 80 % of the free fatty acids are esterified. In the case of conjugated cyclopropyl and cyclopropenyl fatty acids, side reactions may occur, but these do not interfere with the determination of the fatty acids.

ISO 12966-3:2016 is classified under the following ICS (International Classification for Standards) categories: 67.200.10 - Animal and vegetable fats and oils. The ICS classification helps identify the subject area and facilitates finding related standards.

ISO 12966-3:2016 has the following relationships with other standards: It is inter standard links to ISO 4034:2012, ISO/IEC 17030:2021, ISO 12966-3:2009. Understanding these relationships helps ensure you are using the most current and applicable version of the standard.

You can purchase ISO 12966-3:2016 directly from iTeh Standards. The document is available in PDF format and is delivered instantly after payment. Add the standard to your cart and complete the secure checkout process. iTeh Standards is an authorized distributor of ISO standards.

Standards Content (Sample)


INTERNATIONAL ISO
STANDARD 12966-3
Second edition
2016-05-15
Animal and vegetable fats and oils —
Gas chromatography of fatty acid
methyl esters —
Part 3:
Preparation of methyl esters using
trimethylsulfonium hydroxide (TMSH)
Corps gras d’origines animale et végétale — Chromatographie en
phase gazeuse des esters méthyliques d’acides gras —
Partie 3: Préparation des esters méthyliques à l’aide d’hydroxyde de
triméthylsulfonium (TMSH)
Reference number
©
ISO 2016
© ISO 2016, Published in Switzerland
All rights reserved. Unless otherwise specified, no part of this publication may be reproduced or utilized otherwise in any form
or by any means, electronic or mechanical, including photocopying, or posting on the internet or an intranet, without prior
written permission. Permission can be requested from either ISO at the address below or ISO’s member body in the country of
the requester.
ISO copyright office
Ch. de Blandonnet 8 • CP 401
CH-1214 Vernier, Geneva, Switzerland
Tel. +41 22 749 01 11
Fax +41 22 749 09 47
copyright@iso.org
www.iso.org
ii © ISO 2016 – All rights reserved

Contents Page
Foreword .iv
1 Scope . 1
2 Normative references . 1
3 Principle . 1
4 Reagents . 1
5 Apparatus . 2
6 Sampling . 2
7 Preparation of the test sample . 2
8 Procedure. 2
9 Test report . 3
Bibliography . 4
Foreword
ISO (the International Organization for Standardization) is a worldwide federation of national standards
bodies (ISO member bodies). The work of preparing International Standards is normally carried out
through ISO technical committees. Each member body interested in a subject for which a technical
committee has been established has the right to be represented on that committee. International
organizations, governmental and non-governmental, in liaison with ISO, also take part in the work.
ISO collaborates closely with the International Electrotechnical Commission (IEC) on all matters of
electrotechnical standardization.
The procedures used to develop this document and those intended for its further maintenance are
described in the ISO/IEC Directives, Part 1. In particular the different approval criteria needed for the
different types of ISO documents should be noted. This document was drafted in accordance with the
editorial rules of the ISO/IEC Directives, Part 2 (see www.iso.org/directives).
Attention is drawn to the possibility that some of the elements of this document may be the subject of
patent rights. ISO shall not be held responsible for identifying any or all such patent rights. Details of
any patent rights identified during the development of the document will be in the Introduction and/or
on the ISO list of patent declarations received (see www.iso.org/patents).
Any trade name used in this document is information given for the convenience of users and does not
constitute an endorsement.
For an explanation on the meaning of ISO specific terms and expressions related to conformity
assessment, as well as information about ISO’s adherence to the WTO principles in the Technical
Barriers to Trade (TBT) see the following URL: Foreword - Supplementary information
The committee responsible for this document is ISO/TC 34, Food products, Subcommittee SC 11, Animal
and vegetable fats and oils.
This second edition cancels and replaces the first edition (ISO 12966-3:2009), of which it constitutes a
minor revision. The scope has been revised to state that the document is not applicable to milk and milk
fat products.
ISO 12966 consists of the following part, under the general title Animal and vegetable fats and oils — Gas
chromatography of fatty acid methyl esters:
— Part 1: Guidelines on modern gas chromatography of fatty acid methyl esters
— Part 2: Preparation of methyl esters of fatty acids
— Part 3: Preparation of methyl esters using trimethylsulfonium hydroxide (TMSH)
— Part 4: Determination by capillary gas chromatography
iv © ISO 2016 – All rights reserved

INTERNATIONAL STANDARD ISO 12966-3:2016(E)
Animal and vegetable fats and oils — Gas chromatography
of fatty acid methyl esters —
Part 3:
Preparation of methyl esters using trimethylsulfonium
hydroxide (TMSH)
1 Scope
This part of ISO 12966 specifies a rapid base-catalysed transesterification method for fats and oils with
trimethylsulfonium hydroxide (TMSH) to prepare fatty acid methyl esters. The method is exclusively
applicable to the preparation of methyl esters of fats and oils for gas liquid chromatographic (GLC)
analysis. It is applicable to all fats and oils, but excluding those coming from milk and milk products.
Isomerization of unsaturated fatty acids only occurs to a minor extent and isomerized fatty acids are
only present at the determination limit. As isomerization take
...


NORME ISO
INTERNATIONALE 12966-3
Deuxième édition
2016-05-15
Corps gras d’origines animale et
végétale — Chromatographie en
phase gazeuse des esters méthyliques
d’acides gras —
Partie 3:
Préparation des esters méthyliques
à l’aide d’hydroxyde de
triméthylsulfonium (TMSH)
Animal and vegetable fats and oils — Gas chromatography of fatty
acid methyl esters —
Part 3: Preparation of methyl esters using trimethylsulfonium
hydroxide (TMSH)
Numéro de référence
©
ISO 2016
DOCUMENT PROTÉGÉ PAR COPYRIGHT
© ISO 2016, Publié en Suisse
Droits de reproduction réservés. Sauf indication contraire, aucune partie de cette publication ne peut être reproduite ni utilisée
sous quelque forme que ce soit et par aucun procédé, électronique ou mécanique, y compris la photocopie, l’affichage sur
l’internet ou sur un Intranet, sans autorisation écrite préalable. Les demandes d’autorisation peuvent être adressées à l’ISO à
l’adresse ci-après ou au comité membre de l’ISO dans le pays du demandeur.
ISO copyright office
Ch. de Blandonnet 8 • CP 401
CH-1214 Vernier, Geneva, Switzerland
Tel. +41 22 749 01 11
Fax +41 22 749 09 47
copyright@iso.org
www.iso.org
ii © ISO 2016 – Tous droits réservés

Sommaire Page
Avant-propos .iv
1 Domaine d’application . 1
2 Références normatives . 1
3 Principe . 1
4 Réactifs . 2
5 Appareillage . 2
6 Échantillonnage . 2
7 Préparation de l’échantillon pour essai . 2
8 Mode opératoire. 2
9 Rapport d’essai . 3
Bibliographie . 4
Avant-propos
L’ISO (Organisation internationale de normalisation) est une fédération mondiale d’organismes
nationaux de normalisation (comités membres de l’ISO). L’élaboration des Normes internationales est
en général confiée aux comités techniques de l’ISO. Chaque comité membre intéressé par une étude
a le droit de faire partie du comité technique créé à cet effet. Les organisations internationales,
gouvernementales et non gouvernementales, en liaison avec l’ISO participent également aux travaux.
L’ISO collabore étroitement avec la Commission électrotechnique internationale (IEC) en ce qui
concerne la normalisation électrotechnique.
Les procédures utilisées pour élaborer le présent document et celles destinées à sa mise à jour sont
décrites dans les Directives ISO/IEC, Partie 1. Il convient, en particulier, de prendre note des différents
critères d’approbation requis pour les différents types de documents ISO. Le présent document a été
rédigé conformément aux règles de rédaction données dans les Directives ISO/IEC, Partie 2 (voir www.
iso.org/directives).
L’attention est appelée sur le fait que certains des éléments du présent document peuvent faire l’objet de
droits de propriété intellectuelle ou de droits analogues. L’ISO ne saurait être tenue pour responsable
de ne pas avoir identifié de tels droits de propriété et averti de leur existence. Les détails concernant
les références aux droits de propriété intellectuelle ou autres droits analogues identifiés lors de
l’élaboration du document sont indiqués dans l’Introduction et/ou dans la liste des déclarations de
brevets reçues par l’ISO (voir www.iso.org/brevets).
Les appellations commerciales éventuellement mentionnées dans le présent document sont données
pour information, par souci de commodité, à l’intention des utilisateurs et ne sauraient constituer un
engagement.
Pour une explication de la signification des termes et expressions spécifiques de l’ISO liés à
l’évaluation de la conformité, ou pour toute information au sujet de l’adhésion de l’ISO aux principes
de l’OMC concernant les obstacles techniques au commerce (OTC), voir le lien suivant: Avant-propos —
Informations supplémentaires.
Le comité chargé de l’élaboration de ce document est l’ISO/TC 34, Produits alimentaires, sous-comité
SC 11, Corps gras d’origines animale et végétale.
Cette deuxième édition annule et remplace la première édition (ISO 12966-3:2009), dont elle constitue
une révision mineure. Le domaine d’application a été révisé pour indiquer que le document n’est pas
applicable au lait et aux produits laitiers.
L’ISO 12966 comprend les parties suivantes, présentées sous le titre général Corps gras d’origines
animale et végétale — Chromatographie en phase gazeuse des esters méthyliques d’acides gras:
— Partie 1: Lignes directrices relatives à la chromatographie en phase gazeuse moderne des esters
méthyliques d’acides gras
— Partie 2: Préparation des esters méthyliques d’acides gras
— Partie 3: Préparation des esters méthyliques à l’aide d’hydroxyde de triméthylsulfonium (TMSH)
— Partie 4: Détermination par chromatographie capillaire en phase gazeuse
iv © ISO 2016 – Tous droits réservés

NORME INTERNATIONALE ISO 12966-3:2016(F)
Corps gras d’origines animale et végétale —
Chromatographie en phase gazeuse des esters méthyliques
d’acides gras —
Partie 3:
Préparation des esters méthyliques à l’aide d’hydroxyde de
triméthylsulfonium (TMSH)
1 Domaine d’application
La présente partie de l’ISO 12966 spécifie une méthode de transestérification rapide des corps gras
par catalyse basique avec de l’hydroxyde de triméthylsulfonium (TMSH), pour préparer des esters
méthyliques d’acides gras. Cette méthode s’applique exclusivement à la préparation des esters
méthyliques des corps gras pour l’analyse chromatographique en phase gazeuse-liquide (CPG). Elle
s’applique à tous les corps gras, à l’exclusion de ceux issus du lait et des produits laitiers. L’isomérisation
des acides gras insaturés ne se produit que rarement et les acides gras isomérisés ne sont présents que
dans la limite de détermination. Puisqu’il y a isomérisation, ce mode opératoire n’est pas recommandé
pour l’acide linoléique conjugué (CLA).
Seulement environ 70 % à 80 % des acides gras libres sont
...

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