ISO 25537:2008
(Main)Glass in building — Silvered, flat-glass mirror
Glass in building — Silvered, flat-glass mirror
ISO 25537:2008 specifies the minimum quality requirements (regarding optical, visual and edge faults) and durability tests for silvered float glass for internal use in buildings. ISO 25537:2008 applies only to mirrors from silvered glass manufactured from flat, annealed clear or tinted float glass, from 2 mm to 6 mm thick, and supplied in stock/standard sizes and as-cut finished sizes to which no further processing (such as edgework or other fabrication) has been done. Upon consultation with the mirror manufacturer, it is possible to apply this International Standard to float glass having a thickness less than 2 mm or greater than 6 mm. ISO 25537:2008 covers the quality requirements of silvered, annealed, monolithic, clear and tinted flat glass mirrors. Mirrors covered in ISO 25537:2008 are not intended for use in environments, e.g. horse-riding halls, swimming pools, medical baths, saunas, swimming pool areas, chemical laboratories and other corrosive environments, where high humidity or airborne corrosion promoters, or both, are consistently present. This International Standard is not applicable to reflective glass for external glazing applications.
Verre dans la construction — Miroir argenté en verre plat
General Information
Standards Content (Sample)
INTERNATIONAL ISO
STANDARD 25537
First edition
2008-09-15
Glass in building — Silvered, flat-glass
mirror
Verre dans la construction — Miroir argenté en verre plat
Reference number
©
ISO 2008
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ii © ISO 2008 – All rights reserved
Contents Page
Foreword .iv
Introduction.v
1 Scope.1
2 Normative references.1
3 Terms and definitions .1
4 Materials .4
5 Dimensions .4
6 Reflectance of clear glass mirrors.4
7 Quality requirements.5
8 Testing of silvered mirror .7
Annex A (normative) Condensation-water test in a constant atmosphere.9
Annex B (normative) Dip test.12
Foreword
ISO (the International Organization for Standardization) is a worldwide federation of national standards bodies
(ISO member bodies). The work of preparing International Standards is normally carried out through ISO
technical committees. Each member body interested in a subject for which a technical committee has been
established has the right to be represented on that committee. International organizations, governmental and
non-governmental, in liaison with ISO, also take part in the work. ISO collaborates closely with the
International Electrotechnical Commission (IEC) on all matters of electrotechnical standardization.
International Standards are drafted in accordance with the rules given in the ISO/IEC Directives, Part 2.
The main task of technical committees is to prepare International Standards. Draft International Standards
adopted by the technical committees are circulated to the member bodies for voting. Publication as an
International Standard requires approval by at least 75 % of the member bodies casting a vote.
Attention is drawn to the possibility that some of the elements of this document may be the subject of patent
rights. ISO shall not be held responsible for identifying any or all such patent rights.
ISO 25537 was prepared by Technical Committee ISO/TC 160, Glass in building, Subcommittee SC 1,
Product considerations.
iv © ISO 2008 – All rights reserved
Introduction
This International Standard specifies tests procedures for assessing the durability of a mirror by measuring its
ability to resist corrosion, and adhesion of its protective paints.
Two of the tests prescribed are defined in other International Standards: ISO 9227 and ISO 2409.
Two additional tests, a water-condensation test and a dip test, are also prescribed and the procedure for
carrying them out is described in annexes.
This International Standard also specifies the minimum requirements regarding reflectance as well as
reflective silver-coating faults, edge faults and protective-coating faults, and optical quality.
The quality of a silvered mirror can be affected by faults that alter the appearance of the image of reflected
objects. Such alteration of the image can result from optical faults, faults in the glass and faults in the
reflective coating.
INTERNATIONAL STANDARD ISO 25537:2008(E)
Glass in building — Silvered, flat-glass mirror
SAFETY PRECAUTIONS — This International Standard does not purport to address all of the safety
concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this International
Standard to establish appropriate safety and health practices and to determine the applicability of
regulatory requirements prior to use.
1 Scope
This International Standard specifies the minimum quality requirements (regarding optical, visual and edge
faults) and durability tests for silvered float glass for internal use in buildings.
This International Standard applies only to mirrors from silvered glass manufactured from flat, annealed clear
or tinted float glass, from 2 mm to 6 mm thick, and supplied in stock/standard sizes and as-cut finished sizes
to which no further processing (such as edgework or other fabrication) has been done.
NOTE Upon consultation with the mirror manufacturer, it is possible to apply this International Standard to float glass
having a thickness less than 2 mm or greater than 6 mm.
This specification covers the quality requirements of silvered, annealed, monolithic, clear and tinted flat glass
mirrors.
Mirrors covered in this specification are not intended for use in environments, e.g. horse-riding halls,
swimming pools, medical baths, saunas, swimming pool areas, chemical laboratories and other corrosive
environments, where high humidity or airborne corrosion promoters, or both, are consistently present. This
International Standard is not applicable to reflective glass for external glazing applications.
2 Normative references
The following referenced documents are indispensable for the application of this document. For dated
references, only the edition cited applies. For undated references, the latest edition of the referenced
document (including any amendments) applies.
ISO 2409:2007, Paints and varnishes — Cross-cut test
ISO 9227:2006, Corrosion tests in artificial atmospheres — Salt spray tests
ISO 9050, Glass in building — Determination of light transmittance, solar direct transmittance, total solar
energy transmittance, ultraviolet transmittance, and related glazing factors
3 Terms and definitions
For the purposes of this document, the following terms and definitions apply.
3.1
fault
blemish US
imperfection in the body or on the surface of the mirror
3.2
linear fault
scratch, hairline scratch, rub, dig, extended spot fault and other similar imperfections
3.3
spot fault
halo, colour spot, dirt, pinhole, stone, gaseous inclusion (seed or bubble), tin particle, deposit and other similar
imperfection
3.4
centre zone
central part of a mirror defined by 80 % of the length and 80 % of the width dimensions
3.5
chip
imperfection on the edge of a mirror due to breakage of a small fragment out of an otherwise-regular surface
3.6
cloud
frosted appearance in the reflected image from a silvered mirror
3.7
cluster
group of not fewer than three spot faults separated by not more than 50 mm
3.8
colour spot
alteration of the reflective coating in the form of a small, generally coloured spot
3.9
dig
deep, short scratch in the glass surface
3.10
dirt
small particle of foreign material imbedded in the glass surface
3.11
edge corrosion
change in the colour or level of reflectance along the mirror edge as a result of degradation of the silver
coating from external sources
3.12
edge fault
fault that affects the as-cut edge of the silvered glass
NOTE Edge faults can include entrant/emergent faults, shelling, corners on/off, vents (small cracks), chips, shell
chips, and flare.
3.13
edgework
fabrication of the mirror edge beyond the original clean-cut condition
3.14
flare
protrusion on the edge of a piece of mirror
2 © ISO 2008 – All rights reserved
3.15
gaseous inclusion
seed
bubble
round or elongated bubble at the surface (open) or within the body thickness leaving a cavity in the mirror
3.16
hairline scratch
very fine, circular scratch that can barely be seen that is associated with glass-cleaning techniques
3.17
halo
distortion zone around a spot fault
3.18
silvered mirror
flat, annealed, clear or tinted float glass, the rear surface of which has been coated with a protected reflective
silver layer
3.19
mirror cut size
mirror cut to a stock/standard size that is intended for final use in the size ordered (i.e. mirror not intended for
re-cutting)
NOTE These mirrors can be subject to further processing, e.g. edge working, drilling, face decoration, etc.
3.20
mirror stock size
mirror intended for architectural use supplied with as-cut edges, where trimming is required
3.21
optical fault
fault directly associated with the distortion of the reflected image
3.22
protective coating(s) fault
pinhole, burst bubble, scratches or loss of adhesion of the protective coating(s) and other types of faults in the
protective coating(s) where the metallic layer is exposed
3.23
reflective silver-coating fault
fault in the reflective silver layer, altering the appearance of the silvered glass, e.g. scratches, colour spots
and edge deterioration and corrosion
3.24
rub
abrasion of the mirror surface producing a frosted appearance
3.25
scratch
damage on the glass surface in the form of a line caused by the movement of an object in contact with the
glass surface relative to the surface
3.26
shell chip
circular indentation in the mirror edge due to breakage of a small fragment
3.27
silver coating
metallic silver layer in a silvered mirror product
3.28
stain
alteration of the reflective coating characterized by a more or less brownish, yellowish or greyish colouration of
zones
NOTE Stains can sometimes cover the whole reflective surface.
3.29
stone
crystalline inclusion in the mirror
4 Materials
4.1 Glass products
Silvered, flat-glass mirror shall be manufactured from monolithic float glass. In the absence of an appropriate
International Standard for float glass products, and until such an International Standard is published, the float
glass used shall conform to the appropriate national standards.
4.2 Reflective coating
The mirror shall be manufactured with a reflective coating made of silver.
4.3 Protective coating(s)
The reflective coating described in 4.2 shall be protected by one or more layers and/or protective coatings e.g.
paint, lacquer, etc.
5 Dimensions
The dimensional tolerances for thickness, length, width and squareness of the mirrors shall be those
applicable to float glass.
6 Reflectance of clear glass mirrors
Measurement of reflectance shall be undertaken in accordance with ISO 9050 with an angle of incidence of
the light within 8° of normal. For the calculation of the reflectance, illuminant D65 and a 2° observer shall be
used.
When measured in accordance with ISO 9050, the minimum visible-light reflectance of silvered mirrors made
of clear glass shall be at least 83 %.
The reflectance of mirrors made from tinted glass, when measured in accordance with ISO 9050, may be
below 83 %.
4 © ISO 2008 – All rights reserved
7 Quality requirements
7.1 Quality assessment and inspection methods for silvered mirrors
7.1.1 Glass, reflective coating, edge and protective coating quality
7.1.1.1 Inspection method
The silvered mirror shall be observed in a vertical position, with the naked eye and under normal diffused
daylight conditions, (between 100 lx and 1 000 lx at the silvered mirror), from a distance of 1 000 mm. The
direction of observation shall be normal, i.e. at right angles, to the silvered mirror. The use of an additional
lighting source, e.g. spotlight, shall not be allowed.
7.1.1.2 Glass faults
Glass faults shall be assessed in accordance with the method described in 7.1.1.1. The dimensions and
number of spot faults and linear faults that cause disturbance to the image shall be noted.
7.1.1.3 Reflective silver coating faults
Reflective silver-coating faults shall be assessed in accordance with the method described in 7.1.1.1. The
dimensions and number of spot faults and linear faults that cause disturbance to the image shall be noted.
7.1.1.4 Protective coating(s) faults
The presence of protective coating(s) faults shall be assessed in accordance with the method described in
7.1.1.1 looking at the protective-coated side (backside) of the mirror.
7.1.1.5 Edge faults
The presence of edge faults shall be assessed in accordance with the method described in 7.1.1.1. The
dimensions of the chips, shell chips and flares shall be measured. The depth shall be the measured distance
of a fault from the face of the mirror into the thickness. The length shall be the distance, parallel to the edge of
the mirror, from one edge of a fault to the other. The width shall b
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