ISO 10294-4:2001

Fire resistance tests — Fire dampers for air distribution systems — Part 4: Test of thermal release mechanism

Essai de résistance au feu — Clapets résistant au feu pour systèmes de distribution d'air — Partie 4: Méthode d'essai du mécanisme de déclenchement thermique

General Information

• Status: Withdrawn
• Publication Date: 28-Mar-2001
• Withdrawal Date: 28-Mar-2001
• ICS: 13.220.50 - Fire-resistance of building materials and elements
• ICS: 91.140.30 - Ventilation and air-conditioning systems
• Technical Committee: ISO/TC 92/SC 2 - Fire containment
• Drafting Committee: ISO/TC 92/SC 2/WG 4 - Ventilation ducts and fire dampers
• Current Stage: 9599 - Withdrawal of International Standard
• Completion Date: 28-Nov-2018

Relations

• Revised: ISO 21925-1:2018 - Fire resistance tests — Fire dampers for air distribution systems — Part 1: Mechanical dampers
• Effective Date: 15-Apr-2017
• Amended By: ISO 10294-4:2001/Amd 1:2014 - Fire resistance tests — Fire dampers for air distribution systems — Part 4: Test of thermal release mechanism — Amendment 1: Specific performance requirement for thermal release mechanism based upon performance of thermal release mechanism used in ISO 10294-1 test specimen
• Effective Date: 14-Aug-2021

Standards Content (Sample)

INTERNATIONAL ISO
STANDARD 10294-4
First edition
2001-04-01
Fire resistance tests — Fire dampers for air
distribution systems —
Part 4:
Test of thermal release mechanism
Essai de résistance au feu — Clapets résistant au feu pour systèmes de
distribution d'air —
Partie 4: Méthode d'essai du mécanisme de déclenchement thermique
Reference number
ISO 10294-4:2001(E)
©
ISO 2001

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ISO 10294-4:2001(E)
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ii © ISO 2001 – All rights reserved

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ISO 10294-4:2001(E)
Contents Page
Foreword.iv
1 Scope .1
2 Normative references .2
3 Terms and definitions .2
4 Requirements.2
4.1 Thermal release.2
4.2 Response behaviour .3
4.3 Faulty set-off .3
5 Test apparatus .3
6 Test procedure.6
6.1 Installation of thermal release mechanism .6
6.2 Control of test conditions .6
7 Test report .8
Annex A (informative) Reliability tests.10
Annex B (informative) Thermal release mechanisms for higher operating temperatures .12
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ISO 10294-4:2001(E)
Foreword
ISO (the International Organization for Standardization) is a worldwide federation of national standards bodies (ISO
member bodies). The work of preparing International Standards is normally carried out through ISO technical
committees. Each member body interested in a subject for which a technical committee has been established has
the right to be represented on that committee. International organizations, governmental and non-governmental, in
liaison with ISO, also take part in the work. ISO collaborates closely with the International Electrotechnical
Commission (IEC) on all matters of electrotechnical standardization.
International Standards are drafted in accordance with the rules given in the ISO/IEC Directives, Part 3.
Draft International Standards adopted by the technical committees are circulated to the member bodies for voting.
Publication as an International Standard requires approval by at least 75 % of the member bodies casting a vote.
Attention is drawn to the possibility that some of the elements of this part of ISO 10294 may be the subject of
patent rights. ISO shall not be held responsible for identifying any or all such patent rights.
International Standard ISO 10294-4 was prepared by Technical Committee ISO/TC 92, Fire safety, Subcommittee
SC 2, Fire containment. A test method was needed to evaluate the correct operation of damper-operating
mechanisms.
ISO 10294 consists of the following parts, under the general title Fire resistance tests — Fire dampers for air
distribution systems:
� Part 1: Test method
� Part 2: Classification, criteria and field of application of test results
� Part 3: Guidance on the test method
� Part 4: Test of thermal release mechanism
Annexes A and B of this part of ISO 10294 are for information only.
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INTERNATIONAL STANDARD ISO 10294-4:2001(E)
Fire resistance tests — Fire dampers for air distribution
systems —
Part 4:
Test of thermal release mechanism
WARNING — In order that suitable precautions may be taken to safeguard health, the attention of all
concerned in fire testing is drawn to the possibility that toxic or harmful gases may be evolved during the
conduct of this test.
1 Scope
This part of ISO 10294 specifies the test requirements related to thermal release mechanisms used in fire dampers
tested in accordance with ISO 10294-1. Only the thermal release mechanism is subjected to the tests described.
The test methods are designed to ensure that under fire conditions the thermal release mechanism complies with
the expected functions so that the damper will close completely so as to prevent the spread of fire.
This part of ISO 10294 also includes a method for ensuring that the thermal release mechanism does not close the
damper in non-fire conditions. The effect of corrosion on the operational reliability of the release mechanism is also
evaluated.
This method is only applicable to thermal release mechanisms installed within the damper or duct. It does not cover
thermal release mechanisms that are located outside the ventilation duct.
The test can provide information on comparative performance between one thermal release mechanism and
another and thus provides for the testing of thermal release mechanisms that have not been included in the
damper assembly that was tested in accordance with ISO 10294-1.
The method specified in this part of ISO 10294 will determine whether the thermal activation system for the closing
device of a fire damper system
� is suitable for a fire damper assembly to be tested according to ISO 10294-1,
� is suitable for a fire damper already qualified according to ISO 10294-1 with an alternative system of the same
class (temperature-load),
� is capable of maintaining its performance after the reliability tests.
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ISO 10294-4:2001(E)
2 Normative references
The following normative documents contain provisions which, through reference in this text, constitute provisions of
this part of ISO 10294. For dated references, subsequent amendments to, or revisions of, any of these publications
do not apply. However, parties to agreements based on this part of ISO 10294 are encouraged to investigate the
possibility of applying the most recent editions of the normative documents indicated below. For undated
references, the latest edition of the normative document referred to applies. Members of ISO and IEC maintain
registers of currently valid International Standards.
ISO 10294-1:1996, Fire resistance tests — Fire dampers for air distribution systems — Part 1: Test method.
ISO/IEC 13943:2000, Fire safety — Vocabulary.
3 Terms and definitions
For the purposes of this part of ISO 10294, the terms and definitions given in ISO/IEC 13943 and the following
apply.
3.1
fire dampers
mobile closure within a duct which is operated automatically or manually and is designed to prevent the passage of
fire
3.2
thermal release mechanisms
system which evaluates the parameters of temperature in the airflow of the ventilation duct and initiates the closing
of the fire damper before a predicted threshold limit is reached
NOTE The sensing element may be, for example, a fusible link, memory metal, frangible bulb or electrical sensor.
3.3
threshold limit
temperature before which the thermal release mechanism must have operated
4 Requirements
4.1 Thermal release
The thermal release mechanism is installed in the centreline of the cross section of the test duct, which is part of
the test arrangement according to Figure 1 or Figure 2. The test arrangement shall include a heating arrangement
that can expose the thermal release mechanism to the conditions specified in 4.2, also a fan and velocity
measuring equipment. A suitable method of controlling the air temperature and velocity shall be provided.
The position in which the thermal release mechanism is installed shall be chosen such that the airflow conditions
near the heat-sensitive element are in accordance with the practical conditions. If the test specimens are not
absolutely symmetrical, the test of response behaviour described in 4.2 and the test of faulty set-off described in
4.3 shall be performed in both possible directions of airflow.
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ISO 10294-4:2001(E)
4.2 Response behaviour
Starting at an initial temperature of (25 � 2)�C, the specimen shall be exposed to an increasing air temperature
such that it follows the relationship (see Figure 3):
T =(25 +20t)±2
where
T is the temperature, in degrees Celsius;
t is the time from the start of the test period, in minutes.
The response threshold of the thermal release mechanism shall not exceed an 80�C rise above the starting
temperature. A 25�C initial temperature and 80�C maximum temperature rise means that the maximum
temperature of activation (threshold limit) will be 105�C. This means that the thermal release mechanism shall
operate within 4 min. This test may be applied to other operating temperatures and guidance is given annex B.
The mean air velocity at the start of this test shall be (1� 0,1) m/s. The test shall be performed three times for each
orientation and location of the thermal release mechanism. The thermal release mechanism shall operate before
the threshold limit is exceeded on each of the samples tested.
4.3 Faulty set-off
For 1 h the specimen shall be exposed to an air temperature of (60� 2)�C. The thermal release mechanism shall
be under the same loading as would be applied under normal service conditions. The mean airflow velocity (mass
flow) for this test shall be (1� 0,1) m/s. The test shall be performed once for each orientation and location of the
thermal release mechanism.
The thermal release mechanism shall not release in any of the samples tested.
Where other operating temperatures are to be used, a different limit for temperature shall be selected. Guidance is
given in annex B.
5 Test apparatus
The recommended types of devices with opened and closed airflow are shown in Figure 1 and Figure 2. Larger and
smaller cross sections may be used provided the requirements for the air temperature and the airflow velocity are
met.
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ISO 10294-4:2001(E)
Key
1 Baffles for airflow
2 Thermocouples
3 Thermal release mechanism
4 Anemometer, distance 4 D from the fan
5 Heating zone
6Fan
7 Ingress of air
Figure 1 — Test arrangement
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ISO 10294-4:2001(E)
Key
1 Removable cover
2 Anemometer, distance 4 D from the ventilation duct used in the test
3 Cover for the release mechanism-testing zone
4 Thermal release mechanism and location of observation window
5 Thermocouple
6Fan
7 Control panel
8 Heating zone
9 Damper for the egress of air
10 Damper for the ingress of air
Figure 2 — Alternative test arrangement
5.1 Ducting
The length of ducting shown in Figure 1 or Figure 2 may be changed provided the requirements for the air
temperature and the airflow velocity are met. Each shall be provided with suitable access for installing the thermal
release mechanism. The airflow shall be straight. An observation window shall be located as shown in Figure 1 or
Figure 2.
A means of providing and controlling the ingress of air shall also be provided.
5.2 Fan, capable of providing the air velocities specified.
5.3 Heater, located within the duct system, hav
...