ISO 21016:2007
(Main)Office furniture — Tables and desks — Test methods for the determination of stability, strength and durability
Office furniture — Tables and desks — Test methods for the determination of stability, strength and durability
ISO 21016:2007 specifies test methods for the determination of the stability, the strength and the durability of all types of office tables designed for use in the seated and/or standing position, e.g. work tables, height-adjustable tables, meeting tables and desks. It applies to tables that are fully assembled and ready for use. ISO 21016:2007 does not contain test methods for storage elements, which can be found in ISO 7170. The tests consist of the application, to various parts of the unit, of loads, forces and velocities simulating normal functional use, as well as misuse, that can reasonably be expected to occur. With the exception of the deflection of table tops, the tests are designed to evaluate properties without regard to materials, design/construction or manufacturing processes. The test results are valid only for the unit/component tested. These results can be used to represent the performance of production models provided that the tested model is representative of the production model. Tests carried out according to ISO 21016:2007 are intended to demonstrate the ability of the item to give satisfactory service in its intended environment. It is necessary to understand that such tests do not ensure that structural failure will not eventually occur as a result of habitual misuse or after an excessively long period of service. The tests have been developed for units/components that have not been in use. However, when properly justified, they can be used for fault investigation. ISO 21016:2007 specifies test methods only. ISO 21016:2007 does not specify requirements. These should be specified in a requirements document. If this is not available, suggested forces and cycles are included in ISO 21016:2007. ISO 21016:2007 does not include an assessment of ageing or degradation.
Mobilier de bureau — Tables et bureaux — Méthodes d'essai pour la détermination de la stabilité, de la résistance et de la durabilité
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Standards Content (Sample)
INTERNATIONAL ISO
STANDARD 21016
First edition
2007-07-01
Office furniture — Tables and desks —
Test methods for the determination of
stability, strength and durability
Mobilier de bureau — Tables et bureaux — Méthodes d'essai pour
la détermination de la stabilité, de la résistance et de la durabilité
Reference number
ISO 21016:2007(E)
©
ISO 2007
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ISO 21016:2007(E)
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ISO 21016:2007(E)
Contents Page
Foreword. iv
1 Scope . 1
2 Normative references . 1
3 Terms and definitions. 2
4 General test conditions. 2
5 Test apparatus . 5
6 Test methods. 5
7 Test report . 14
Annex A (informative) Guidance for the choice of cycles, forces and heights for the stability,
strength and durability tests . 15
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ISO 21016:2007(E)
Foreword
ISO (the International Organization for Standardization) is a worldwide federation of national standards bodies
(ISO member bodies). The work of preparing International Standards is normally carried out through ISO
technical committees. Each member body interested in a subject for which a technical committee has been
established has the right to be represented on that committee. International organizations, governmental and
non-governmental, in liaison with ISO, also take part in the work. ISO collaborates closely with the
International Electrotechnical Commission (IEC) on all matters of electrotechnical standardization.
International Standards are drafted in accordance with the rules given in the ISO/IEC Directives, Part 2.
The main task of technical committees is to prepare International Standards. Draft International Standards
adopted by the technical committees are circulated to the member bodies for voting. Publication as an
International Standard requires approval by at least 75 % of the member bodies casting a vote.
Attention is drawn to the possibility that some of the elements of this document may be the subject of patent
rights. ISO shall not be held responsible for identifying any or all such patent rights.
ISO 21016 was prepared by Technical Committee ISO/TC 136, Furniture.
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INTERNATIONAL STANDARD ISO 21016:2007(E)
Office furniture — Tables and desks — Test methods for the
determination of stability, strength and durability
1 Scope
This International Standard specifies test methods for the determination of the stability, the strength and the
durability of all types of office tables designed for use in the seated and/or standing position, e.g. work tables,
height-adjustable tables, meeting tables and desks. It applies to tables that are fully assembled and ready for
use.
This International Standard does not contain test methods for storage elements, which can be found in
ISO 7170.
The tests consist of the application, to various parts of the unit, of loads, forces and velocities simulating
normal functional use, as well as misuse, that can reasonably be expected to occur.
With the exception of the deflection of table tops, the tests are designed to evaluate properties without regard
to materials, design/construction or manufacturing processes.
The test results are valid only for the unit/component tested. These results can be used to represent the
performance of production models provided that the tested model is representative of the production model.
Tests carried out according to this International Standard are intended to demonstrate the ability of the item to
give satisfactory service in its intended environment. It is necessary to understand that such tests do not
ensure that structural failure will not eventually occur as a result of habitual misuse or after an excessively
long period of service. The tests have been developed for units/components that have not been in use.
However, when properly justified, they can be used for fault investigation.
This International Standard specifies test methods only. It does not specify requirements. These should be
specified in a requirements document. If this is not available, suggested forces and cycles can be found in
Annex A.
Assessment of ageing and degradation is not included.
2 Normative references
The following referenced documents are indispensable for the application of this document. For dated
references, only the edition cited applies. For undated references, the latest edition of the referenced
document (including any amendments) applies.
ISO 7619-2:2004, Rubber, vulcanized or thermoplastic — Determination of indentation hardness — Part 2:
IRHD pocket meter method
ISO 7170:2005, Furniture — Storage units — Determination of strength and durability
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ISO 21016:2007(E)
3 Terms and definitions
For the purposes of this document, the following terms and definitions apply.
3.1
clear height
distance between the top of the extension element bottom and the lower edge of the extension element above,
or the structure of the unit
NOTE See Figure 1.
Key
1 structure of unit
2 clear height
Figure 1 — Clear height
3.2
duty cycle
length of time the height-adjustable table’s drive system can be operated without impairing its useful life
NOTE The duty cycle includes the amount of time the drive system can be operated and the amount of time it must
not be operated to allow the drive system to cool sufficiently before it is activated again.
4 General test conditions
4.1 General
Forces, velocities, masses, dimensions, angles, time and temperatures given in this International Standard
shall be targeted at the nominal values specified.
4.2 Preliminary preparation
Pre-assembled table(s) shall be tested as delivered. The unit(s)/component(s) shall be assembled and/or
configured according to the instructions supplied with them. The most adverse configuration intended for use
shall be used for each test. If mounting or assembly instructions are not supplied, the assembly method shall
be recorded in the test report. Fittings shall be tightened before testing and shall not be retightened unless
specifically required by the manufacturer. If it is necessary to change the configuration to produce the worst-
case conditions, this shall be recorded in the test report.
The tests shall be carried out in indoor ambient conditions. If during a test the temperature is outside of the
range of 20 °C ± 5 °C, the maximum and/or minimum temperature shall be recorded in the test report.
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ISO 21016:2007(E)
For furniture that includes hygroscopic materials, at least one week in normal indoor conditions shall have
elapsed between manufacture (or assembly) and testing.
The test for deflection of table tops (see 6.7), except those made from metal, glass and stone, shall be carried
out at a relative humidity of (50 ± 5) %. If during a test the relative humidity is outside this range, the maximum
and/or minimum shall be recorded in the test report.
NOTE (50 ± 5) % RH and the corresponding wood moisture content is representative of average indoor conditions in
Canada, Europe and the USA. Other relative humidities can be appropriate in other parts of the world.
In the case of designs not addressed in the test procedures, the tests shall be carried out as far as possible as
described and any deviation shall be recorded in the test report.
Unless otherwise specified, levelling devices shall be opened to their midpoint of adjustment, but not more
than 10 mm.
Before beginning the testing, visually inspect the unit thoroughly. Record any defects so that they are not
assumed to have been caused by the tests. Carry out measurements if specified.
During testing, the unit shall be placed on the floor and levelled, unless otherwise specified.
4.3 Test equipment
Unless otherwise specified, the tests may be applied by any suitable device because results are dependent
only upon correctly applied forces and loads and not upon the apparatus.
The equipment shall not inhibit deformation of the unit/component during the test. It shall be able to move so
that it can follow the deformation of the unit/component during testing, so that the forces and loads are always
applied at the specified point and in the specified direction.
All loading pads shall be capable of pivoting in relation to the direction of the applied force. The pivot point
shall be as close as practically possible to the load surface.
4.4 Application of forces
The forces in the static force tests shall be applied sufficiently slowly to ensure that negligible dynamic force is
applied. Unless otherwise specified, each force shall be maintained for a period of (20 ± 10) s.
The forces in durability tests shall be applied at a rate to ensure that excessive heating does not occur. Unless
otherwise specified, each force shall be maintained for a period of (2 ± 1) s.
The forces may be applied using masses. The relationship of 10 = 1 kg shall be used.
4.5 Tolerances
Unless otherwise stated, the following tolerances are applicable:
⎯ forces: ± 5 % of the nominal force;
⎯ velocities: ± 5 % of the nominal velocity;
⎯ masses: ± 1 % of the nominal mass;
⎯ dimensions: ± 1 mm of the nominal dimension;
⎯ angles: ± 2° of the nominal angle.
The accuracy for the positioning of loading pads shall be ± 5 mm.
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ISO 21016:2007(E)
4.6 Sequence of testing
All applicable tests shall be carried out on the same sample and in the same sequence as they appear in this
International Standard.
All tests specified for a particular component shall be carried out on the same sample.
4.7 Prevention of movement during test
If a unit tends to slide or roll during the tests specified in Clause 6, the unit shall be restrained by stops
(see 5.2).
4.8 Loads in storage components
Unless otherwise specified, all components, including extension elements, intended for storage purposes shall
be uniformly loaded according to Table 1.
The volume of extension elements shall be calculated as the internal area of the extension element bottom
multiplied by the clear height above it.
Table 1 — Loads in storage components
Part Load
2
Shelves 1,5 kg/dm
a
Storage components for suspended filing only 4,0 kg/dm
3
All other storage components 0,5 kg/dm
a
Dimension measured perpendicular to the plane of the suspended file pockets.
4.9 Inspection and assessment of results
After completion of each of the tests, visually inspect the unit again.
Record any changes that have taken place since the initial inspection (see 4.2). Inspection may include
measurements, e.g. opening or closing forces or deflections. The inspection shall note at least the following:
a) fracture of any component or joint;
b) loosening of any joint intended to be rigid, that can be demonstrated by hand pressure;
c) deformation or wear of any part or component such that its functioning is impaired;
d) loosening of any means of attachment;
e) any wear or deformation of a component that can affect its stability.
Pass and fail criteria should be established in a requirement document.
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ISO 21016:2007(E)
5 Test apparatus
5.1 Floor surface
The floor surface shall be a rigid, horizontal and flat surface.
For the strength under horizontal static force test (see 6.3), the surface shall be a smooth high-pressure
plastic laminate or a smooth steel.
For the durability of tables with castors (see 6.8), the test shall be carried out on a smooth steel surface.
For the drop test (see 6.9), the floor shall be faced with a 3 mm thick layer of rubber with a hardness of
(85 ± 10) IRHD in accordance with ISO 7619-2.
5.2 Stops
Devices shall be used to prevent the table from sliding or rolling but not tilting. They shall be no higher than
12 mm except in cases where the design of the table necessitates the use of higher stops, in which case the
lowest that prevents the table from moving shall be used. When a stop with a height greater than 12 mm is
used, the height shall be recorded in the test report.
5.3 Loading pad
The loading pad is a rigid disc, 100 mm in diameter, with a flat face and a 12 mm front edge blend radius.
5.4 Masses
Masses shall be designed so that they do not reinforce the structure or redistribute the stresses.
6 Test methods
6.1 Stability
6.1.1 Stability under vertical load
Place the table on the floor surface (see 5.1). The test shall be carried out with the storage components
unloaded and closed.
Tables that can be set to heights both above and below 950 mm shall be tested to both 6.1.1.1 and 6.1.1.2.
6.1.1.1 Test for tables that are or can be set to a height of 950 mm or less
The table shall be set to the height most likely to overturn the table, but not more than 950 mm.
The specified vertical force shall be applied to the table top through the loading pad (see 5.3) 100 mm from
the edge at the point most likely to overturn the table. If the position most likely to cause overturning is not
apparent, it can be necessary to carry out this test with the vertical force at additional locations on the table top.
Record whether the table overturns.
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ISO 21016:2007(E)
6.1.1.2 Test for tables that are or can be set to a height greater than 950 mm
The table shall be set to the height most likely to cause overturning, but not less than 950 mm.
Apply 50 % of the specified vertical force to the table top through the loading pad (see 5.3) 100 mm from the
edge at the point most likely to overturn the table. If the position most
...
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