ISO/ASTM 52942:2020

Additive manufacturing — Qualification principles — Qualifying machine operators of laser metal powder bed fusion machines and equipment used in aerospace applications

This document specifies requirements for the qualification of operators of laser metal powder bed fusion machines and equipment for additive manufacturing in aerospace applications. This document is applicable if the operator qualification testing is required by contract or by application standards in the field of aerospace.

Fabrication additive — Principes de qualification — Qualification des opérateurs machine des machines à fusion laser sur lit de poudre et équipements utilisés dans les applications aérospatiales

Le présent document spécifie les exigences pour la qualification des opérateurs de machines de fusion laser sur lit de poudre métallique et des équipements de fabrication additive dans les applications aérospatiales. Le présent document est applicable si l'essai de qualification de l'opérateur est exigé par un contrat ou par les normes d'application.

General Information

• Status: Published
• Publication Date: 19-Aug-2020
• ICS: 03.100.30 - Management of human resources
• ICS: 25.030 - Additive manufacturing
• Technical Committee: ISO/TC 261 - Additive manufacturing
• Drafting Committee: ISO/TC 261/JWG 10 - Joint ISO/TC 261 - ISO/TC 44/SC 14 WG: Additive manufacturing in aerospace applications
• Parallel Committee: ISO/TC 44/SC 14 - Welding and brazing in aerospace
• Current Stage: 6060 - International Standard published
• Start Date: 20-Aug-2020
• Due Date: 21-Mar-2021
• Completion Date: 20-Aug-2020

Relations

• Consolidates: ISO 19926-1:2019 - Meteorology — Weather radar — Part 1: System performance and operation
• Effective Date: 06-Jun-2022
• Consolidated By: ISO 11357-1:2023 - Plastics — Differential scanning calorimetry (DSC) — Part 1: General principles
• Effective Date: 06-Jun-2022

Standards Content (Sample)

INTERNATIONAL ISO/ASTM
STANDARD 52942
First edition
2020-08
Additive manufacturing —
Qualification principles — Qualifying
machine operators of laser metal
powder bed fusion machines and
equipment used in aerospace
applications
Fabrication additive — Principes de qualification — Qualification des
opérateurs machine des machines à fusion laser sur lit de poudre et
équipements utilisés dans les applications aérospatiales
Reference number
ISO/ASTM 52942:2020(E)
©
ISO/ASTM International 2020

---------------------- Page: 1 ----------------------
ISO/ASTM 52942:2020(E)

COPYRIGHT PROTECTED DOCUMENT
© ISO/ASTM International 2020
All rights reserved. Unless otherwise specified, or required in the context of its implementation, no part of this publication may be
reproduced or utilized otherwise in any form or by any means, electronic or mechanical, including photocopying, or posting on
the internet or an intranet, without prior written permission. Permission can be requested from either ISO at the address below
or ISO’s member body in the country of the requester. In the United States, such requests should be sent to ASTM International.
ISO copyright office ASTM International
CP 401 • Ch. de Blandonnet 8 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700
CH-1214 Vernier, Geneva West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959, USA
Phone: [phone] Phone: [phone]
Fax: [phone]
Email: [e-mail] Email: [e-mail]
Website: www.iso.org Website: www.astm.org
Published in Switzerland
ii © ISO/ASTM International 2020 – All rights reserved

---------------------- Page: 2 ----------------------
ISO/ASTM 52942:2020(E)

Contents Page
Foreword .iv
1 Scope . 1
2 Normative references . 1
3 Terms and definitions . 1
4 Qualification . 2
4.1 General . 2
4.2 Essential variables and-range of qualification . 2
4.2.1 General. 2
4.2.2 Powder material group . 2
4.2.3 Machine model . 3
4.3 Evidence of visual acuity . 3
4.4 Theoretical test . 3
4.5 Practical test . 3
5 Qualification test certificate . 4
6 Validity of testing . 4
6.1 General . 4
6.2 Period of validity . 4
6.3 Requalification test. 4
6.4 Supplementary test . 5
Annex A (normative) Content of the theoretical assessment . 6
Annex B (normative) Content of the practical assessment . 7
Annex C (informative) Example of qualification test certificate for operators of laser metal
powder bed fusion machines . 9
Annex D (informative) Example of an additive manufacturing procedure specification (APS) .11
Bibliography .13
© ISO/ASTM International 2020 – All rights reserved iii

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ISO/ASTM 52942:2020(E)

Foreword
ISO (the International Organization for Standardization) is a worldwide federation of national standards
bodies (ISO member bodies). The work of preparing International Standards is normally carried out
through ISO technical committees. Each member body interested in a subject for which a technical
committee has been established has the right to be represented on that committee. International
organizations, governmental and non-governmental, in liaison with ISO, also take part in the work.
ISO collaborates closely with the International Electrotechnical Commission (IEC) on all matters of
electrotechnical standardization.
The procedures used to develop this document and those intended for its further maintenance are
described in the ISO/IEC Directives, Part 1. In particular, the different approval criteria needed for the
different types of ISO documents should be noted. This document was drafted in accordance with the
editorial rules of the ISO/IEC Directives, Part 2 (see www .iso .org/ directives).
Attention is drawn to the possibility that some of the elements of this document may be the subject of
patent rights. ISO shall not be held responsible for identifying any or all such patent rights. Details of
any patent rights identified during the development of the document will be in the Introduction and/or
on the ISO list of patent declarations received (see www .iso .org/ patents).
Any trade name used in this document is information given for the convenience of users and does not
constitute an endorsement.
For an explanation of the voluntary nature of standards, the meaning of ISO specific terms and
expressions related to conformity assessment, as well as information about ISO's adherence to
the World Trade Organization (WTO) principles in the Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT), see
www .iso .org/ iso/ foreword .html.
This document was prepared by ISO/TC 261, Additive manufacturing, in cooperation with ASTM F 42,
Additive Manufacturing Technologies, on the basis of a partnership agreement between ISO and ASTM
International with the aim to create a common set of ISO/ASTM standards on additive manufacturing
and in collaboration with the European Committee for Standardization (CEN) Technical Committee
CEN/TC 438, Additive manufacturing, in accordance with the agreement on technical cooperation
between ISO and CEN (Vienna Agreement).
Any feedback or questions on this document should be directed to the user’s national standards body. A
complete listing of these bodies can be found at www .iso .org/ members .html.
iv © ISO/ASTM International 2020 – All rights reserved

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INTERNATIONAL STANDARD ISO/ASTM 52942:2020(E)
Additive manufacturing — Qualification principles —
Qualifying machine operators of laser metal powder
bed fusion machines and equipment used in aerospace
applications
1 Scope
This document specifies requirements for the qualification of operators of laser metal powder bed
fusion machines and equipment for additive manufacturing in aerospace applications.
This document is applicable if the operator qualification testing is required by contract or by application
standards in the field of aerospace.
2 Normative references
The following documents are referred to in the text in such a way that some or all of their content
constitutes requirements of this document. For dated references, only the edition cited applies. For
undated references, the latest edition of the referenced document (including any amendments) applies.
ISO/ASTM 52900, Additive manufacturing — General principles — Part 1: Fundamentals and vocabulary
ISO/ASTM 52921, Standard terminology for additive manufacturing — Coordinate systems and test
methodologies
ISO 18490, Non-destructive testing — Evaluation of vision acuity of NDT personnel
EN 4179, Aerospace series — Qualification and approval of personnel for non-destructive testing
NAS 410, NAS CERTIFICATION & QUALIFICATION OF NONDESTRUCTIVE TEST PERSONNEL
3 Terms and definitions
For the purposes of this document, the terms and definitions given in ISO/ASTM 52900, ISO/ASTM 52921
and the following apply.
ISO and IEC maintain terminological databases for use in standardization at the following addresses:
— ISO Online browsing platform: available at https:// www .iso .org/ obp
— IEC Electropedia: available at http:// www .electropedia .org/
3.1
examiner
person who has been appointed to verify conformance to the applicable standard
Note 1 to entry: In certain cases, an external independent examiner can be required.
[SOURCE: ISO 14732:2013, 3.12]
3.2
examining body
organization that has been appointed to verify conformance to the applicable standard
Note 1 to entry: In certain cases, an external independent examining body can be required.
© ISO/ASTM International 2020 – All rights reserved 1

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ISO/ASTM 52942:2020(E)

[SOURCE: ISO 14732:2013, 3.13]
3.3
operator
person who operates laser metal powder bed fusion machines and equipment for additive manufacturing
3.4
additive manufacturing procedure specification
APS
document that has been qualified and provides the required variables of the additive manufacturing
process to ensure repeatability during production
3.5
preliminary additive manufacturing procedure specification
PAPS
document containing the required variables of the additive manufacturing procedure which has yet to
be qualified
4 Qualification
4.1 General
There shall be a coordinator designated, in writing, as responsible for the operator qualification test,
requalification and disqualification. The coordinator shall have knowledge and experience relevant to
the laser powder bed fusion process, and be acceptable to the responsible authority.
Qualification tests of operators shall include the following aspects:
a) theoretical test;
b) practical test;
c) evidence of visual acuity.
The practical test for operators shall follow an additive manufacturing procedure specification. An
example of an additive manufacturing procedure specification (APS) is given in Annex D.
4.2 Essential variables and-range of qualification
4.2.1 General
The qualification of operators of laser metal powder bed fusion machines for additive manufacturing
is based on essential variables. For each essential variable, a range of qualification is defined. If the
operator has to work outside the range of qualification, a new qualification test is required. The
essential variables are:
a) powder material groups;
b) machine model.
NOTE For machine model, see 4.2.3.
4.2.2 Powder material group
The theoretical test in the framework of the qualification scope shall be adapted according to the
powder material group in use for production.
Material group A: unalloyed steels, low-alloyed steels, high-alloyed ferritic steels.
Material group B: austenitic, martensitic and precipitation hardening steels.
2 © ISO/ASTM International 2020 – All rights reserved

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ISO/ASTM 52942:2020(E)

Material group C: titanium and titanium alloys, niobium, zirconium and other reactive metals.
Material group D: aluminium and magnesium alloys.
Mater
...

NORME ISO/ASTM
INTERNATIONALE 52942
Première édition
2020-08
Fabrication additive — Principes de
qualification — Qualification des
opérateurs machine des machines
à fusion laser sur lit de poudre
et équipements utilisés dans les
applications aérospatiales
Additive manufacturing — Qualification principles — Qualifying
machine operators of laser metal powder bed fusion machines and
equipment used in aerospace applications
Numéro de référence
ISO/ASTM 52942:2020(F)
©
ISO/ASTM International 2020

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ISO/ASTM 52942:2020(F)

DOCUMENT PROTÉGÉ PAR COPYRIGHT
© ISO/ASTM International 2020
Tous droits réservés. Sauf prescription différente ou nécessité dans le contexte de sa mise en œuvre, aucune partie de cette
publication ne peut être reproduite ni utilisée sous quelque forme que ce soit et par aucun procédé, électronique ou mécanique,
y compris la photocopie, ou la diffusion sur l’internet ou un intranet, sans autorisation écrite soit de l’ISO à l’adresse ci-après,
soit d’un organisme membre de l’ISO dans le pays du demandeur. Aux États-Unis, les demandes doivent être adressées à ASTM
International.
ISO copyright office ASTM International
Case postale 401 • Ch. de Blandonnet 8 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700
CH-1214 Vernier, Genève West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959, USA
Tél.: [phone] Tél.: [phone]
Fax: [phone]
E-mail: [e-mail] E-mail: [e-mail]
Web: www.iso.org Web: www.astm.org
Publié en Suisse
ii © ISO/ASTM International 2020 – Tous droits réservés

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ISO/ASTM 52942:2020(F)

Sommaire Page
Avant-propos .iv
1 Domaine d'application . 1
2 Références normatives . 1
3 Termes et définitions . 1
4 Qualification . 2
4.1 Généralités . 2
4.2 Variables essentielles et gamme de qualification . 2
4.2.1 Généralités . 2
4.2.2 Groupe de matériau poudreux . 3
4.2.3 Modèle de machine . 3
4.3 Justificatif d’acuité visuelle . 3
4.4 Essai théorique . 3
4.5 Essai pratique. 4
5 Certificat d’essai de qualification . 4
6 Validité des essais . 4
6.1 Généralités . 4
6.2 Durée de validité. 4
6.3 Essai de requalification . 5
6.4 Essai supplémentaire . 5
Annexe A (normative) Contenu de l’évaluation théorique . 6
Annexe B (normative) Contenu de l’évaluation pratique . 7
Annexe C (informative) Exemple de certificat d’essai de qualification pour les opérateurs
de machines de fusion laser sur lit de poudre métallique . 9
Annexe D (informative) Exemple de spécification de mode opératoire de fabrication
additive (APS) .11
Bibliographie .13
© ISO/ASTM International 2020 – Tous droits réservés iii

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ISO/ASTM 52942:2020(F)

Avant-propos
L'ISO (Organisation internationale de normalisation) est une fédération mondiale d'organismes
nationaux de normalisation (comités membres de l'ISO). L'élaboration des Normes internationales est
en général confiée aux comités techniques de l'ISO. Chaque comité membre intéressé par une étude
a le droit de faire partie du comité technique créé à cet effet. Les organisations internationales,
gouvernementales et non gouvernementales, en liaison avec l'ISO participent également aux travaux.
L'ISO collabore étroitement avec la Commission électrotechnique internationale (IEC) en ce qui
concerne la normalisation électrotechnique.
Les procédures utilisées pour élaborer le présent document et celles destinées à sa mise à jour sont
décrites dans les Directives ISO/IEC, Partie 1. Il convient, en particulier de prendre note des différents
critères d'approbation requis pour les différents types de documents ISO. Le présent document a été
rédigé conformément aux règles de rédaction données dans les Directives ISO/IEC, Partie 2 (voir www
.iso .org/ directives).
L'attention est attirée sur le fait que certains des éléments du présent document peuvent faire l'objet de
droits de propriété intellectuelle ou de droits analogues. L'ISO ne saurait être tenue pour responsable
de ne pas avoir identifié de tels droits de propriété et averti de leur existence. Les détails concernant
les références aux droits de propriété intellectuelle ou autres droits analogues identifiés lors de
l'élaboration du document sont indiqués dans l'Introduction et/ou dans la liste des déclarations de
brevets reçues par l'ISO (voir www .iso .org/ brevets).
Les appellations commerciales éventuellement mentionnées dans le présent document sont données
pour information, par souci de commodité, à l’intention des utilisateurs et ne sauraient constituer un
engagement.
Pour une explication de la nature volontaire des normes, la signification des termes et expressions
spécifiques de l'ISO liés à l'évaluation de la conformité, ou pour toute information au sujet de l'adhésion
de l'ISO aux principes de l’Organisation mondiale du commerce (OMC) concernant les obstacles
techniques au commerce (OTC), voir le lien suivant: www .iso .org/ iso/ fr/ avant -propos .html.
Le présent document a été élaboré par l’ISO/TC 261, Fabrication additive, en coopération avec
l’ASTM F 42, Technologies de fabrication additive, dans le cadre d’un accord de partenariat entre l’ISO et
ASTM International dans le but de créer un ensemble commun de normes ISO/ASTM sur la fabrication
additive et en collaboration avec le Comité Européen de Normalisation (CEN), Comité technique CEN/
TC 438, Fabrication additive, conformément à l’Accord de coopération technique entre l’ISO et le CEN
(Accord de Vienne).
Il convient que tout retour d’information ou questions sur le présent document soit adressé à l'organisme
national de normalisation de l'utilisateur. Une liste complète de ces organismes peut être consultée à
l'adresse www .iso .org/ members .html.
iv © ISO/ASTM International 2020 – Tous droits réservés

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NORME INTERNATIONALE ISO/ASTM 52942:2020(F)
Fabrication additive — Principes de qualification —
Qualification des opérateurs machine des machines à
fusion laser sur lit de poudre et équipements utilisés dans
les applications aérospatiales
1 Domaine d'application
Le présent document spécifie les exigences pour la qualification des opérateurs de machines de fusion
laser sur lit de poudre métallique et des équipements de fabrication additive dans les applications
aérospatiales.
Le présent document est applicable si l’essai de qualification de l’opérateur est exigé par un contrat ou
par les normes d’application.
2 Références normatives
Les documents suivants cités dans le texte constituent, pour tout ou partie de leur contenu, des
exigences du présent document. Pour les références datées, seule l’édition citée s’applique. Pour les
références non datées, la dernière édition du document de référence s’applique (y compris les éventuels
amendements).
ISO/ASTM 52900, Fabrication additive — Principes généraux — Partie 1: Terminologie
ISO/ASTM 52921, Terminologie normalisée pour la fabrication additive — Systèmes de coordonnées et
méthodes d’essai
ISO 18490, Essais non destructifs — Évaluation de l'acuité visuelle du personnel END
EN 4179, Série aérospatiale — Qualification et agrément du personnel pour les essais non destructifs
NAS 410, NAS CERTIFICATION & QUALIFICATION OF NONDESTRUCTIVE TEST PERSONNEL
3 Termes et définitions
Pour les besoins du présent document, les termes et définitions donnés dans l’ISO/ASTM 52900,
l’ISO/ASTM 52921, ainsi que les suivants, s’appliquent.
L’ISO et l’IEC tiennent à jour des bases de données terminologiques destinées à être utilisées en
normalisation, consultables aux adresses suivantes:
— ISO Online browsing platform: disponible à l'adresse https:// www .iso .org/ obp
— IEC Electropedia: disponible à l’adresse http:// www .electropedia .org/
3.1
examinateur
personne désignée pour vérifier la conformité à la norme applicable
Note 1 à l'article: Dans certains cas, un examinateur externe indépendant peut être exigé.
[SOURCE: ISO 14732:2013, 3.12]
© ISO/ASTM International 2020 – Tous droits réservés 1

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ISO/ASTM 52942:2020(F)

3.2
organisme d’examen
organisme qui a été désigné pour vérifier la conformité à la norme applicable
Note 1 à l'article: Dans certains cas, un organisme d’examen externe indépendant peut être exigé.
[SOURCE: ISO 14732:2013, 3.13]
3.3
opérateur
personne qui utilise des machines de fusion laser sur lit de poudre métallique et un équipement pour la
fabrication additive
3.4
spécification du mode opératoire de fabrication additive
APS pour additive manufacturing procedure specification
document qui a été qualifié et qui fournit les variables requises du procédé de fabrication additive pour
assurer la répétabilité pendant la production
3.5
spécification préliminaire du mode opératoire de fabrication additive
PAPS pour preliminary additive manufacturing procedure specification
document contenant les variables requises du mode opératoire de fabrication additive qui doit encore
être qualifié
4 Qualification
4.1 Généralités
Il doit y avoir un coordinateur désigné, par écrit, comme responsable de l’essai de qualification
de l'opérateur, de la requalification et de la disqualification. Le coordinateur doit posséder les
connaissances et l'expérience pertinentes pour le processus de fusion laser sur lit de poudre et être
acceptable pour l'autorité responsable.
Les essais de qualification des opérateurs doivent comprendre les aspects suivants:
a) essai théorique;
b) essai pratique;
c) justificatif d’acuité visuelle.
L’essai pratique des opérateurs doit suivre une spécification du mode opératoire de fabrication additive.
Un exemple de spécification du mode opératoire de fabrication additive (APS) est donné à l’Annexe D.
4.2 Variables essentielles et gamme de qualification
4.2.1 Généralités
La qualification des opérateurs de machines de fusion laser sur lit de poudre métallique pour fabrication
additive est basée sur des variables essentielles. Pour chaque variable essentielle, une gamme de
qualification est définie. Si l'opérateur doit travailler en dehors de la gamme de qualification, un nouvel
essai de qualification est exigé. Les variables essentielles sont:
a) les groupes de matériau poudreux;
b) le modèle de machine.
NOTE Pour le modèle de machine, voir 4.2.3.
2 © ISO/ASTM International 2020 – Tous droits réservés

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ISO/ASTM 52942:2020(F)

4.2.2 Groupe de matériau poudreux
L’essai théorique dans le cadre du domaine d’application de la qualification doit être adapté en fonction
du groupe de matériau poudreux utilisé pour la production.
Groupe de matériau A: aciers non alliés, aciers faiblement alliés, aciers ferritiques fortement alliés.
Groupe de matériau B: aciers austénitiques, martensitiques et à durcissement par précipitation.
Groupe de matériau C: titane et alliages de titane, niobium, zirconium et autres métaux réactifs.
Groupe de matériau D: aluminium et alliages de magnésium.
Groupe de matériau E: matériaux qui ne sont pas conformes aux autres groupes de matériaux (par
exemple, molybdène, tungstène, alliages de cuivre, aluminure de titane).
Groupe de matériau F: alliages de nickel, alliages de cobalt.
Une qualification effectuée dans un groupe de matériau qualifie uniquement pour ce groupe spécifique.
4.2.3 Modèle de machine
Le modèle de machine dépend du fabricant de machine et du type de machine spécifique.
4.
...

FINAL
INTERNATIONAL ISO/ASTM
DRAFT
STANDARD FDIS
52942
ISO/TC 261
Additive manufacturing —
Secretariat: DIN
Qualification principles — Qualifying
Voting begins on:
2020­05­28 machine operators of laser metal
powder bed fusion machines and
Voting terminates on:
2020­07­23
equipment used in aerospace
applications
Fabrication additive — Principes de qualification — Lignes
directrices normalisées pour la qualification des opérateurs des
machines à fusion sur lit de poudre et équipements utilisés dans les
applications aérospatiales
Member bodies are requested to consult relevant national interests in ISO/TC
44/SC 14 before casting their ballot to the e­Balloting application.
ISO/CEN PARALLEL PROCESSING
RECIPIENTS OF THIS DRAFT ARE INVITED TO
SUBMIT, WITH THEIR COMMENTS, NOTIFICATION
OF ANY RELEVANT PATENT RIGHTS OF WHICH
THEY ARE AWARE AND TO PROVIDE SUPPOR TING
DOCUMENTATION.
IN ADDITION TO THEIR EVALUATION AS
Reference number
BEING ACCEPTABLE FOR INDUSTRIAL, TECHNO­
ISO/ASTM FDIS 52942:2020(E)
LOGICAL, COMMERCIAL AND USER PURPOSES,
DRAFT INTERNATIONAL STANDARDS MAY ON
OCCASION HAVE TO BE CONSIDERED IN THE
LIGHT OF THEIR POTENTIAL TO BECOME STAN­
DARDS TO WHICH REFERENCE MAY BE MADE IN
©
NATIONAL REGULATIONS. ISO/ASTM 2020

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ISO/ASTM FDIS 52942:2020(E)

COPYRIGHT PROTECTED DOCUMENT
© ISO/ASTM International 2020
All rights reserved. Unless otherwise specified, or required in the context of its implementation, no part of this publication may be
reproduced or utilized otherwise in any form or by any means, electronic or mechanical, including photocopying, or posting on
the internet or an intranet, without prior written permission. Permission can be requested from either ISO at the address below
or ISO’s member body in the country of the requester. In the United States, such requests should be sent to ASTM International.
ISO copyright office ASTM International
CP 401 • Ch. de Blandonnet 8 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700
CH­1214 Vernier, Geneva West Conshohocken, PA 19428­2959, USA
Phone: [phone] Phone: [phone]
Fax: [phone] Fax: [phone]
Email: [e-mail] Email: [e-mail]
Website: www.iso.org Website: www.astm.org
Published in Switzerland
ii © ISO/ASTM International 2020 – All rights reserved

---------------------- Page: 2 ----------------------
ISO/ASTM FDIS 52942:2020(E)

Contents Page
Foreword .iv
1 Scope . 1
2 Normative references . 1
3 Terms and definitions . 1
4 Qualification . 2
4.1 General . 2
4.2 Essential variables and-range of qualification . 2
4.2.1 General. 2
4.2.2 Powder material group . 2
4.2.3 Machine model . 3
4.3 Evidence of visual acuity . 3
4.4 Theoretical test . 3
4.5 Practical test . 3
5 Qualification test certificate . 4
6 Validity of testing . 4
6.1 General . 4
6.2 Period of validity . 4
6.3 Requalification test. 4
6.4 Supplementary test . 5
Annex A (normative) Content of the theoretical assessment . 6
Annex B (normative) Content of the practical assessment . 7
Annex C (informative) Example of qualification test certificate for operators of laser metal
powder bed fusion machines . 9
Annex D (informative) Example of an additive manufacturing procedure specification (APS) .11
Bibliography .13
© ISO/ASTM International 2020 – All rights reserved iii

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ISO/ASTM FDIS 52942:2020(E)

Foreword
ISO (the International Organization for Standardization) is a worldwide federation of national standards
bodies (ISO member bodies). The work of preparing International Standards is normally carried out
through ISO technical committees. Each member body interested in a subject for which a technical
committee has been established has the right to be represented on that committee. International
organizations, governmental and non­governmental, in liaison with ISO, also take part in the work.
ISO collaborates closely with the International Electrotechnical Commission (IEC) on all matters of
electrotechnical standardization.
The procedures used to develop this document and those intended for its further maintenance are
described in the ISO/IEC Directives, Part 1. In particular, the different approval criteria needed for the
different types of ISO documents should be noted. This document was drafted in accordance with the
editorial rules of the ISO/IEC Directives, Part 2 (see www .iso .org/ directives).
Attention is drawn to the possibility that some of the elements of this document may be the subject of
patent rights. ISO shall not be held responsible for identifying any or all such patent rights. Details of
any patent rights identified during the development of the document will be in the Introduction and/or
on the ISO list of patent declarations received (see www .iso .org/ patents).
Any trade name used in this document is information given for the convenience of users and does not
constitute an endorsement.
For an explanation of the voluntary nature of standards, the meaning of ISO specific terms and
expressions related to conformity assessment, as well as information about ISO's adherence to
the World Trade Organization (WTO) principles in the Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT), see
www .iso .org/ iso/ foreword .html.
This document was prepared by ISO/TC 261, Additive manufacturing, in cooperation with ASTM F 42,
Additive Manufacturing Technologies, on the basis of a partnership agreement between ISO and ASTM
International with the aim to create a common set of ISO/ASTM standards on additive manufacturing
and in collaboration with the European Committee for Standardization (CEN) Technical Committee
CEN/TC 438, Additive manufacturing, in accordance with the agreement on technical cooperation
between ISO and CEN (Vienna Agreement).
Any feedback or questions on this document should be directed to the user’s national standards body. A
complete listing of these bodies can be found at www .iso .org/ members .html.
iv © ISO/ASTM International 2020 – All rights reserved

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FINAL DRAFT INTERNATIONAL STANDARD ISO/ASTM FDIS 52942:2020(E)
Additive manufacturing — Qualification principles —
Qualifying machine operators of laser metal powder
bed fusion machines and equipment used in aerospace
applications
1 Scope
This document specifies requirements for the qualification of operators of laser metal powder bed
fusion machines and equipment for additive manufacturing in aerospace applications.
This document is applicable if the operator qualification testing is required by contract or by application
standards in the field of aerospace.
2 Normative references
The following documents are referred to in the text in such a way that some or all of their content
constitutes requirements of this document. For dated references, only the edition cited applies. For
undated references, the latest edition of the referenced document (including any amendments) applies.
ISO/ASTM 52900, Additive manufacturing — General principles — Part 1: Fundamentals and vocabulary
ISO/ASTM 52921, Standard terminology for additive manufacturing — Coordinate systems and test
methodologies
ISO 18490, Non-destructive testing — Evaluation of vision acuity of NDT personnel
EN 4179, Aerospace series — Qualification and approval of personnel for non-destructive testing
NAS 410, NAS CERTIFICATION & QUALIFICATION OF NONDESTRUCTIVE TEST PERSONNEL
3 Terms and definitions
For the purposes of this document, the terms and definitions given in ISO/ASTM 52900, ISO/ASTM 52921
and the following apply.
ISO and IEC maintain terminological databases for use in standardization at the following addresses:
— ISO Online browsing platform: available at https:// www .iso .org/ obp
— IEC Electropedia: available at http:// www .electropedia .org/
3.1
examiner
person who has been appointed to verify conformance to the applicable standard
Note 1 to entry: In certain cases, an external independent examiner can be required.
[SOURCE: ISO 14732:2013, 3.12]
3.2
examining body
organization that has been appointed to verify conformance to the applicable standard
Note 1 to entry: In certain cases, an external independent examining body can be required.
© ISO/ASTM International 2020 – All rights reserved 1

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ISO/ASTM FDIS 52942:2020(E)

[SOURCE: ISO 14732:2013, 3.13]
3.3
operator
person who operates laser metal powder bed fusion machines and equipment for additive manufacturing
3.4
additive manufacturing procedure specification
APS
document that has been qualified and provides the required variables of the additive manufacturing
process to ensure repeatability during production
3.5
preliminary additive manufacturing procedure specification
PAPS
document containing the required variables of the additive manufacturing procedure which has yet to
be qualified
4 Qualification
4.1 General
There shall be a coordinator designated, in writing, as responsible for the operator qualification test,
requalification and disqualification. The coordinator shall have knowledge and experience relevant to
the laser powder bed fusion process, and be acceptable to the responsible authority.
Qualification tests of operators shall include the following aspects:
a) theoretical test;
b) practical test;
c) evidence of visual acuity.
The practical test for operators shall follow an additive manufacturing procedure specification. An
example of an additive manufacturing procedure specification (APS) is given in Annex D.
4.2 Essential variables and-range of qualification
4.2.1 General
The qualification of operators of laser metal powder bed fusion machines for additive manufacturing
is based on essential variables. For each essential variable, a range of qualification is defined. If the
operator has to work outside the range of qualification, a new qualification test is required. The
essential variables are:
a) powder material groups;
b) machine model.
NOTE For machine model, see 4.2.3.
4.2.2 Powder material group
The theoretical test in the framework of the qualification scope shall be adapted according to the
powder material group in use for production.
Material group A: unalloyed st
...