ISO 17340:2020
(Main)Metallic materials — Ductility testing — High speed compression test for porous and cellular metals
Metallic materials — Ductility testing — High speed compression test for porous and cellular metals
This document specifies methods for high speed compression testing, at room temperature, of porous and cellular metals having a porosity of 50 % or more. The speed range applicable to this test method is 0,1 m/s to 100 m/s (or 1 s−1 to 103 s−1 in terms of the initial strain rate when the specimen height is 100 mm).
Matériaux métalliques — Essais de ductilité — Essai de compression à haute vitesse des métaux poreux et cellulaires
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INTERNATIONAL ISO
STANDARD 17340
Second edition
2020-05
Metallic materials — Ductility testing
— High speed compression test for
porous and cellular metals
Matériaux métalliques — Essais de ductilité — Essai de compression
à haute vitesse des métaux poreux et cellulaires
Reference number
ISO 17340:2020(E)
ISO 2020
---------------------- Page: 1 ----------------------
ISO 17340:2020(E)
COPYRIGHT PROTECTED DOCUMENT
© ISO 2020
All rights reserved. Unless otherwise specified, or required in the context of its implementation, no part of this publication may
be reproduced or utilized otherwise in any form or by any means, electronic or mechanical, including photocopying, or posting
on the internet or an intranet, without prior written permission. Permission can be requested from either ISO at the address
below or ISO’s member body in the country of the requester.ISO copyright office
CP 401 • Ch. de Blandonnet 8
CH-1214 Vernier, Geneva
Phone: +41 22 749 01 11
Fax: +41 22 749 09 47
Email: copyright@iso.org
Website: www.iso.org
Published in Switzerland
ii © ISO 2020 – All rights reserved
---------------------- Page: 2 ----------------------
ISO 17340:2020(E)
Contents Page
Foreword ........................................................................................................................................................................................................................................iv
Introduction ..................................................................................................................................................................................................................................v
1 Scope ................................................................................................................................................................................................................................. 1
2 Normative references ...................................................................................................................................................................................... 1
3 Terms and definitions ..................................................................................................................................................................................... 1
4 Symbols and units ............................................................................................................................................................................................... 2
5 Principle ........................................................................................................................................................................................................................ 2
6 Testing machine .................................................................................................................................................................................................... 2
6.1 Type of testing machine .................................................................................................................................................................. 2
6.2 Drop weight impact testing machine ................................................................................................................................... 3
6.2.1 General...................................................................................................................................................................................... 3
6.2.2 Weight ....................................................................................................................................................................................... 3
6.2.3 Pressing jig ............................................................................................................................................................................ 3
6.2.4 Load cell................................................................................................................................................................................... 3
6.2.5 Displacement sensor .................................................................................................................................................... 4
6.2.6 Absorber ................................................................................................................................................................................. 5
6.3 Servo-type high-speed compression testing machine .......................................................................................... 5
6.3.1 General...................................................................................................................................................................................... 5
6.3.2 Pressing jig ............................................................................................................................................................................ 5
6.3.3 Load cell................................................................................................................................................................................... 5
6.3.4 Displacement sensor .................................................................................................................................................... 5
6.3.5 Rupture pin ........................................................................................................................................................................... 5
6.3.6 Stopper ..................................................................................................................................................................................... 5
7 Test piece ...................................................................................................................................................................................................................... 5
7.1 Preparation of test piece ................................................................................................................................................................. 5
7.2 Shape and dimensions of the test piece ............................................................................................................................ 6
8 Drop weight impact test ................................................................................................................................................................................ 7
8.1 Preparation ................................................................................................................................................................................................ 7
8.2 Test .................................................................................................................................................................................................................... 8
9 Servo-type high-speed compression test .................................................................................................................................... 9
9.1 Preparation ................................................................................................................................................................................................ 9
9.2 Test .................................................................................................................................................................................................................... 9
10 Calculations.............................................................................................................................................................................................................10
10.1 Compressive strain ...........................................................................................................................................................................10
10.2 Compressive stress ...........................................................................................................................................................................10
10.3 Compressive stress-strain curve ...........................................................................................................................................10
10.4 Plateau stress (σ )............................................................................................................................................................................10
10.5 Plateau end ..............................................................................................................................................................................................10
10.6 Plateau end strain (e ) ...............................................................................................................................................................10
ple10.7 Energy absorption.............................................................................................................................................................................11
11 Test report ................................................................................................................................................................................................................12
Annex A (informative) Filtering of the measurement data ........................................................................................................14
Bibliography .............................................................................................................................................................................................................................17
© ISO 2020 – All rights reserved iii---------------------- Page: 3 ----------------------
ISO 17340:2020(E)
Foreword
ISO (the International Organization for Standardization) is a worldwide federation of national standards
bodies (ISO member bodies). The work of preparing International Standards is normally carried out
through ISO technical committees. Each member body interested in a subject for which a technical
committee has been established has the right to be represented on that committee. International
organizations, governmental and non-governmental, in liaison with ISO, also take part in the work.
ISO collaborates closely with the International Electrotechnical Commission (IEC) on all matters of
electrotechnical standardization.The procedures used to develop this document and those intended for its further maintenance are
described in the ISO/IEC Directives, Part 1. In particular, the different approval criteria needed for the
different types of ISO documents should be noted. This document was drafted in accordance with the
editorial rules of the ISO/IEC Directives, Part 2 (see www .iso .org/ directives).
Attention is drawn to the possibility that some of the elements of this document may be the subject of
patent rights. ISO shall not be held responsible for identifying any or all such patent rights. Details of
any patent rights identified during the development of the document will be in the Introduction and/or
on the ISO list of patent declarations received (see www .iso .org/ patents).Any trade name used in this document is information given for the convenience of users and does not
constitute an endorsement.For an explanation of the voluntary nature of standards, the meaning of ISO specific terms and
expressions related to conformity assessment, as well as information about ISO's adherence to the
World Trade Organization (WTO) principles in the Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) see www .iso .org/
iso/ foreword .html.This document was prepared by Technical Committee ISO/TC 164, Mechanical testing of metals,
Subcommittee SC 2, Ductility testing.This second edition cancels and replaces the first edition (ISO 17340:2014), of which it constitutes a
minor revision. The changes compared to the previous edition are as follows:— the title of ISO 7500-1 has been updated in Clause 2;
— a list of symbols and units has been added as Clause 4;
— information about the use of adhesives in 8.2 b) has been revised;
— minor editorial changes have been made to align with ISO/IEC Directives Part 2:2018.
Any feedback or questions on this document should be directed to the user’s national standards body. A
complete listing of these bodies can be found at www .iso .org/ members .html.iv © ISO 2020 – All rights reserved
---------------------- Page: 4 ----------------------
ISO 17340:2020(E)
Introduction
Porous and cellular metals have attractive properties due to their unique cell morphology. When
they are used as impact energy absorbing components in automotive structures, knowledge of their
high-speed compressive properties is necessary for industrial design. The high-speed compressive
deformation behaviour of porous and cellular metals is quite different from their static compressive
properties. Testing methods for static compressive deformation are, therefore, insufficient for
characterization of high-speed compressive deformation. Standardization of a testing method for the
high-speed compressive behaviour of porous and cellular metals is required.© ISO 2020 – All rights reserved v
---------------------- Page: 5 ----------------------
INTERNATIONAL STANDARD ISO 17340:2020(E)
Metallic materials — Ductility testing — High speed
compression test for porous and cellular metals
1 Scope
This document specifies methods for high speed compression testing, at room temperature, of porous
and cellular metals having a porosity of 50 % or more. The speed range applicable to this test method
−1 3 −1is 0,1 m/s to 100 m/s (or 1 s to 10 s in terms of the initial strain rate when the specimen height is
100 mm).2 Normative references
The following documents are referred to in the text in such a way that some or all of their content
constitutes requirements of this document. For dated references, only the edition cited applies. For
undated references, the latest edition of the referenced document (including any amendments) applies.
ISO 376, Metallic materials — Calibration of force-proving instruments used for the verification of uniaxial
testing machinesISO 7500-1, Metallic materials — Calibration and verification of static uniaxial testing machines — Part 1:
Tension/compression testing machines — Calibration and verification of the force-measuring system
ISO 13314, Mechanical testing of metals — Ductility testing — Compression test for porous and cellular metals
ISO 80000-1, Quantities and units — Part 1: General3 Terms and definitions
For the purposes of this document, the terms and definitions given in ISO 13314 and the following apply.
ISO and IEC maintain terminological databases for use in standardization at the following addresses:
— ISO Online browsing platform: available at https:// www .iso .org/ obp— IEC Electropedia: available at http:// www .electropedia .org/
3.1
test speed
movement speed of the pressing jig, which applies the compressive force to the test piece, when the
pressing jig contacts the test piece3.2
initial strain rate
value derived by dividing the test speed by the initial height of the test piece
3.3
sampling frequency
frequency used to sample the measurement data per unit time
3.4
drop height
initial distance between the pressure application plane of the pressing jig and the top surface of the test
piece in the drop weight impact testing machine© ISO 2020 – All rights reserved 1
---------------------- Page: 6 ----------------------
ISO 17340:2020(E)
3.5
approach length
initial distance between the pressure application plane of the pressing jig and the top surface of the test
piece in the servo-type high-speed compression testing machine4 Symbols and units
Symbol Unit Designation
m kg mass of the weight
h m drop height
V m/s test speed
g m/s acceleration of gravity
a s initial strain rate of the test piece
H mm initial height of the test piece
H mm test piece height at a time when the weight contacts the absorber
A mm initial cross-sectional area of the test piece
ΔL mm displacement of the pressing jig from the initial contact position with the test piece
e % compressive strainF N compressive force
σ N/mm compressive stress
σ N/mm plateau stress defined in ISO 13314
e % plateau end strain defined in ISO 13314
ple
W MJ/m energy absorption per unit volume
e % upper limit value of the compressive strain
max
W MJ/m energy absorption up to 50% of the compressive strain, as determined in 8.1 a)
sta5 Principle
This test consists of applying an impact force at test speeds between 0,1 m/s and 100 m/s to porous
and cellular metals and measuring the compressive force and displacement for evaluation of their high-
speed compressive deformation characteristics, such as plateau stress and energy absorption. Test
methods that apply high-speed compressive forces to porous and cellular metals are the drop weight
impact test and the servo-type high-speed compression test.The drop weight impact test applies the compressive force by dropping a weight from a specified height.
The test speed is controlled by the drop height. Due attention should be paid to the fact that the weight
will be decelerated during the period of compressive deformation. When the drop height necessary
to reach the specified test speed cannot be obtained, application of an initial velocity to the weight is
possible.The servo-type high-speed compression test applies the compressive force using a hydraulic or electric
high-speed servo mechanism. The test speed is changed by the servo control. The drive unit shall be
capable of following the test speed.6 Testing machine
6.1 Type of testing machine
The testing machines to be used for high-speed compression testing of porous and cellular metals are
the drop weight impact testing machine and the servo-type high speed compressi...
FINAL
INTERNATIONAL ISO/FDIS
DRAFT
STANDARD 17340
ISO/TC 164/SC 2
Metallic materials — Ductility testing
Secretariat: JISC
— High speed compression test for
Voting begins on:
20200310 porous and cellular metals
Voting terminates on:
Matériaux métalliques — Essais de ductilité — Essai de compression
20200505
à haute vitesse des métaux poreux et cellulaires
RECIPIENTS OF THIS DRAFT ARE INVITED TO
SUBMIT, WITH THEIR COMMENTS, NOTIFICATION
OF ANY RELEVANT PATENT RIGHTS OF WHICH
THEY ARE AWARE AND TO PROVIDE SUPPOR TING
DOCUMENTATION.
IN ADDITION TO THEIR EVALUATION AS
Reference number
BEING ACCEPTABLE FOR INDUSTRIAL, TECHNO
ISO/FDIS 17340:2020(E)
LOGICAL, COMMERCIAL AND USER PURPOSES,
DRAFT INTERNATIONAL STANDARDS MAY ON
OCCASION HAVE TO BE CONSIDERED IN THE
LIGHT OF THEIR POTENTIAL TO BECOME STAN
DARDS TO WHICH REFERENCE MAY BE MADE IN
NATIONAL REGULATIONS. ISO 2020
---------------------- Page: 1 ----------------------
ISO/FDIS 17340:2020(E)
COPYRIGHT PROTECTED DOCUMENT
© ISO 2020
All rights reserved. Unless otherwise specified, or required in the context of its implementation, no part of this publication may
be reproduced or utilized otherwise in any form or by any means, electronic or mechanical, including photocopying, or posting
on the internet or an intranet, without prior written permission. Permission can be requested from either ISO at the address
below or ISO’s member body in the country of the requester.ISO copyright office
CP 401 • Ch. de Blandonnet 8
CH1214 Vernier, Geneva
Phone: +41 22 749 01 11
Fax: +41 22 749 09 47
Email: copyright@iso.org
Website: www.iso.org
Published in Switzerland
ii © ISO 2020 – All rights reserved
---------------------- Page: 2 ----------------------
ISO/FDIS 17340:2020(E)
Contents Page
Foreword ........................................................................................................................................................................................................................................iv
Introduction ..................................................................................................................................................................................................................................v
1 Scope ................................................................................................................................................................................................................................. 1
2 Normative references ...................................................................................................................................................................................... 1
3 Terms and definitions ..................................................................................................................................................................................... 1
4 Symbols and units ............................................................................................................................................................................................... 2
5 Principle ........................................................................................................................................................................................................................ 2
6 Testing machine .................................................................................................................................................................................................... 2
6.1 Type of testing machine .................................................................................................................................................................. 2
6.2 Drop weight impact testing machine ................................................................................................................................... 3
6.2.1 General...................................................................................................................................................................................... 3
6.2.2 Weight ....................................................................................................................................................................................... 3
6.2.3 Pressing jig ............................................................................................................................................................................ 3
6.2.4 Load cell................................................................................................................................................................................... 3
6.2.5 Displacement sensor .................................................................................................................................................... 4
6.2.6 Absorber ................................................................................................................................................................................. 5
6.3 Servo-type high-speed compression testing machine .......................................................................................... 5
6.3.1 General...................................................................................................................................................................................... 5
6.3.2 Pressing jig ............................................................................................................................................................................ 5
6.3.3 Load cell................................................................................................................................................................................... 5
6.3.4 Displacement sensor .................................................................................................................................................... 5
6.3.5 Rupture pin ........................................................................................................................................................................... 5
6.3.6 Stopper ..................................................................................................................................................................................... 5
7 Test piece ...................................................................................................................................................................................................................... 5
7.1 Preparation of test piece ................................................................................................................................................................. 5
7.2 Shape and dimensions of the test piece ............................................................................................................................ 6
8 Drop weight impact test ................................................................................................................................................................................ 7
8.1 Preparation ................................................................................................................................................................................................ 7
8.2 Test .................................................................................................................................................................................................................... 8
9 Servo-type high-speed compression test .................................................................................................................................... 9
9.1 Preparation ................................................................................................................................................................................................ 9
9.2 Test .................................................................................................................................................................................................................... 9
10 Calculations.............................................................................................................................................................................................................10
10.1 Compressive strain ...........................................................................................................................................................................10
10.2 Compressive stress ...........................................................................................................................................................................10
10.3 Compressive stressstrain curve ...........................................................................................................................................10
10.4 Plateau stress (σ )............................................................................................................................................................................10
10.5 Plateau end ..............................................................................................................................................................................................10
10.6 Plateau end strain (e ) ...............................................................................................................................................................10
ple10.7 Energy absorption.............................................................................................................................................................................11
11 Test report ................................................................................................................................................................................................................12
Annex A (informative) Filtering of the measurement data ........................................................................................................14
Bibliography .............................................................................................................................................................................................................................17
© ISO 2020 – All rights reserved iii---------------------- Page: 3 ----------------------
ISO/FDIS 17340:2020(E)
Foreword
ISO (the International Organization for Standardization) is a worldwide federation of national standards
bodies (ISO member bodies). The work of preparing International Standards is normally carried out
through ISO technical committees. Each member body interested in a subject for which a technical
committee has been established has the right to be represented on that committee. International
organizations, governmental and nongovernmental, in liaison with ISO, also take part in the work.
ISO collaborates closely with the International Electrotechnical Commission (IEC) on all matters of
electrotechnical standardization.The procedures used to develop this document and those intended for its further maintenance are
described in the ISO/IEC Directives, Part 1. In particular, the different approval criteria needed for the
different types of ISO documents should be noted. This document was drafted in accordance with the
editorial rules of the ISO/IEC Directives, Part 2 (see www .iso .org/ directives).
Attention is drawn to the possibility that some of the elements of this document may be the subject of
patent rights. ISO shall not be held responsible for identifying any or all such patent rights. Details of
any patent rights identified during the development of the document will be in the Introduction and/or
on the ISO list of patent declarations received (see www .iso .org/ patents).Any trade name used in this document is information given for the convenience of users and does not
constitute an endorsement.For an explanation of the voluntary nature of standards, the meaning of ISO specific terms and
expressions related to conformity assessment, as well as information about ISO's adherence to the
World Trade Organization (WTO) principles in the Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) see www .iso .org/
iso/ foreword .html.This document was prepared by Technical Committee ISO/TC 164, Mechanical testing of metals,
Subcommittee SC 2, Ductility testing.This second edition cancels and replaces the first edition (ISO 17340:2014), of which it constitutes a
minor revision. The changes compared to the previous edition are as follows:— the title of ISO 75001 has been updated in Clause 2;
— a list of symbols and units has been added as Clause 4;
— information about the use of adhesives in 8.2 b) has been revised;
— minor editorial changes have been made to align with ISO/IEC Directives Part 2:2018.
Any feedback or questions on this document should be directed to the user’s national standards body. A
complete listing of these bodies can be found at www .iso .org/ members .html.iv © ISO 2020 – All rights reserved
---------------------- Page: 4 ----------------------
ISO/FDIS 17340:2020(E)
Introduction
Porous and cellular metals have attractive properties due to their unique cell morphology. When
they are used as impact energy absorbing components in automotive structures, knowledge of their
high-speed compressive properties is necessary for industrial design. The high-speed compressive
deformation behaviour of porous and cellular metals is quite different from their static compressive
properties. Testing methods for static compressive deformation are, therefore, insufficient for
characterization of highspeed compressive deformation. Standardization of a testing method for the
high-speed compressive behaviour of porous and cellular metals is required.© ISO 2020 – All rights reserved v
---------------------- Page: 5 ----------------------
FINAL DRAFT INTERNATIONAL STANDARD ISO/FDIS 17340:2020(E)
Metallic materials — Ductility testing — High speed
compression test for porous and cellular metals
1 Scope
This document specifies methods for high speed compression testing, at room temperature, of porous
and cellular metals having a porosity of 50 % or more. The speed range applicable to this test method
−1 3 −1is 0,1 m/s to 100 m/s (or 1 s to 10 s in terms of the initial strain rate when the specimen height is
100 mm).2 Normative references
The following documents are referred to in the text in such a way that some or all of their content
constitutes requirements of this document. For dated references, only the edition cited applies. For
undated references, the latest edition of the referenced document (including any amendments) applies.
ISO 376, Metallic materials — Calibration of force-proving instruments used for the verification of uniaxial
testing machinesISO 75001, Metallic materials — Calibration and verification of static uniaxial testing machines — Part 1:
Tension/compression testing machines — Calibration and verification of the force-measuring system
ISO 13314, Mechanical testing of metals — Ductility testing — Compression test for porous and cellular metals
ISO 800001, Quantities and units — Part 1: General3 Terms and definitions
For the purposes of this document, the terms and definitions given in ISO 13314 and the following apply.
ISO and IEC maintain terminological databases for use in standardization at the following addresses:
— ISO Online browsing platform: available at https:// www .iso .org/ obp— IEC Electropedia: available at http:// www .electropedia .org/
3.1
test speed
movement speed of the pressing jig, which applies the compressive force to the test piece, when the
pressing jig contacts the test piece3.2
initial strain rate
value derived by dividing the test speed by the initial height of the test piece
3.3
sampling frequency
frequency used to sample the measurement data per unit time
3.4
drop height
initial distance between the pressure application plane of the pressing jig and the top surface of the test
piece in the drop weight impact testing machine© ISO 2020 – All rights reserved 1
---------------------- Page: 6 ----------------------
ISO/FDIS 17340:2020(E)
3.5
approach length
initial distance between the pressure application plane of the pressing jig and the top surface of the test
piece in the servo-type high-speed compression testing machine4 Symbols and units
Symbol Unit Designation
m kg mass of the weight
h m drop height
V m/s test speed
g m/s acceleration of gravity
a s initial strain rate of the test piece
H mm initial height of the test piece
H mm test piece height at a time when the weight contacts the absorber
A mm initial crosssectional area of the test piece
ΔL mm displacement of the pressing jig from the initial contact position with the test piece
e % compressive strainF N compressive force
σ N/mm compressive stress
σ N/mm plateau stress defined in ISO 13314
e % plateau end strain defined in ISO 13314
ple
W MJ/m energy absorption per unit volume
e % upper limit value of the compressive strain
max
W MJ/m energy absorption up to 50% of the compressive strain, as determined in 8.1 a)
sta5 Principle
This test consists of applying an impact force at test speeds between 0,1 m/s and 100 m/s to porous
and cellular metals and measuring the compressive force and displacement for evaluation of their high
speed compressive deformation characteristics, such as plateau stress and energy absorption. Test
methods that apply high-speed compressive forces to porous and cellular metals are the drop weight
impact test and the servo-type high-speed compression test.The drop weight impact test applies the compressive force by dropping a weight from a specified height.
The test speed is controlled by the drop height. Due attention should be paid to the fact that the weight
will be decelerated during the period of compressive deformation. When the drop height necessary
to reach the specified test speed cannot be obtained, application of an initial velocity to the weight is
possible.The servo-type high-speed compression test applies the compressive force using a hydraulic or electric
high-speed servo mechanism. The test speed is changed by the servo control. The drive unit shal
...
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