Road vehicles -- Vehicle domain service

Véhicules routiers -- Service du domaine du véhicule (SDV)

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FINAL
INTERNATIONAL ISO/FDIS
DRAFT
STANDARD 23239-1
ISO/TC 22/SC 31
Road vehicles — Vehicle domain
Secretariat: DIN
service —
Voting begins on:
2021-02-19
Part 1:
Voting terminates on:
General information and use case
2021-04-16
definitions
Véhicules routiers — Service du domaine du véhicule (SDV) —
Partie 1: Information générale et définitions des cas d'utilisation
RECIPIENTS OF THIS DRAFT ARE INVITED TO
SUBMIT, WITH THEIR COMMENTS, NOTIFICATION
OF ANY RELEVANT PATENT RIGHTS OF WHICH
THEY ARE AWARE AND TO PROVIDE SUPPOR TING
DOCUMENTATION.
IN ADDITION TO THEIR EVALUATION AS
Reference number
BEING ACCEPTABLE FOR INDUSTRIAL, TECHNO-
ISO/FDIS 23239-1:2021(E)
LOGICAL, COMMERCIAL AND USER PURPOSES,
DRAFT INTERNATIONAL STANDARDS MAY ON
OCCASION HAVE TO BE CONSIDERED IN THE
LIGHT OF THEIR POTENTIAL TO BECOME STAN-
DARDS TO WHICH REFERENCE MAY BE MADE IN
NATIONAL REGULATIONS. ISO 2021
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ISO/FDIS 23239-1:2021(E)
COPYRIGHT PROTECTED DOCUMENT
© ISO 2021

All rights reserved. Unless otherwise specified, or required in the context of its implementation, no part of this publication may

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ii © ISO 2021 – All rights reserved
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ISO/FDIS 23239-1:2021(E)
Contents Page

Foreword ..........................................................................................................................................................................................................................................v

Introduction ................................................................................................................................................................................................................................vi

1 Scope ................................................................................................................................................................................................................................. 1

2 Normative references ...................................................................................................................................................................................... 1

3 Terms and definitions ..................................................................................................................................................................................... 1

3.1 Basis of vehicle domain ................................................................................................................................................................... 1

3.2 Primary actors ......................................................................................................................................................................................... 2

3.3 Secondary actors ................................................................................................................................................................................... 3

4 Abbreviated terms .............................................................................................................................................................................................. 3

5 Conventions ............................................................................................................................................................................................................... 4

5.1 Documents overview on OSI based services. ................................................................................................................ 4

5.2 General policy structure ................................................................................................................................................................. 5

6 General information for vehicle domain service ................................................................................................................ 6

6.1 General ........................................................................................................................................................................................................... 6

6.2 Vehicle domain service .................................................................................................................................................................... 6

6.3 Vehicle domain dynamic map service ................................................................................................................................. 7

6.4 Variations of vehicle domain services ................................................................................................................................. 8

6.4.1 Basic functions of vehicle domain service ................................................................................................. 8

6.4.2 Vehicle domain registration service ................................................................................................................ 9

6.4.3 Traffic explorer service ...........................................................................................................................................10

6.4.4 Traffic reporter service ...........................................................................................................................................11

6.4.5 Manoeuvre coordinator service .......................................................................................................................12

6.4.6 Scenario variations of vehicle domain service ....................................................................................13

6.5 Time synchronization in VDDMS .........................................................................................................................................16

6.6 Other variations of vehicle domain services ..............................................................................................................16

6.6.1 Vehicle domain digital key service ................................................................................................................16

6.7 System architecture of vehicle domain services .....................................................................................................17

6.7.1 General...................................................................................................................................................................................17

6.7.2 Basic system architecture of vehicle domain service ....................................................................18

6.7.3 Typical system architecture variation of vehicle domain service ......................................18

6.7.4 Vehicle domain service on vehicle multimedia service ...............................................................19

6.8 Network operators related to VDS ......................................................................................................................................20

6.9 VDS in smart traffic architecture model proposal .................................................................................................21

6.10 Information security in VDS .....................................................................................................................................................24

7 Business use cases for VDS .....................................................................................................................................................................24

7.1 General ........................................................................................................................................................................................................24

7.2 Business use case of vehicle domain registration .................................................................................................24

7.3 Business use case of traffic explorer .................................................................................................................................25

7.4 Business use case of traffic reporter .................................................................................................................................26

7.5 Business use case of manoeuvre coordinator ...........................................................................................................27

8 System sequences for VDS .......................................................................................................................................................................27

8.1 General ........................................................................................................................................................................................................27

8.2 Basic elements of general BUC ...............................................................................................................................................28

9 System use cases for VDS ..........................................................................................................................................................................29

9.1 General ........................................................................................................................................................................................................29

9.2 System use case of VDS start ....................................................................................................................................................29

9.3 System use case of communication set up ...................................................................................................................29

9.4 System use case of security set up ......................................................................................................................................30

9.5 System use case of VDS selection .........................................................................................................................................31

9.6 System use case of VD data collection..............................................................................................................................31

9.7 System use case of VD status report ..................................................................................................................................32

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ISO/FDIS 23239-1:2021(E)

9.8 System use case of driving manoeuvre query ...........................................................................................................32

9.9 System use case of VDS stop .....................................................................................................................................................33

Annex A (informative) Scenario variations of vehicle domain dynamic map service ....................................35

Annex B (informative) Typical examples of smart traffic architecture model.......................................................43

Annex C (informative) Reference model of vehicle domain service on vehicle multimedia

system ...........................................................................................................................................................................................................................51

Bibliography .............................................................................................................................................................................................................................54

iv © ISO 2021 – All rights reserved
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ISO/FDIS 23239-1:2021(E)
Foreword

ISO (the International Organization for Standardization) is a worldwide federation of national standards

bodies (ISO member bodies). The work of preparing International Standards is normally carried out

through ISO technical committees. Each member body interested in a subject for which a technical

committee has been established has the right to be represented on that committee. International

organizations, governmental and non-governmental, in liaison with ISO, also take part in the work.

ISO collaborates closely with the International Electrotechnical Commission (IEC) on all matters of

electrotechnical standardization.

The procedures used to develop this document and those intended for its further maintenance are

described in the ISO/IEC Directives, Part 1. In particular, the different approval criteria needed for the

different types of ISO documents should be noted. This document was drafted in accordance with the

editorial rules of the ISO/IEC Directives, Part 2 (see www .iso .org/ directives).

Attention is drawn to the possibility that some of the elements of this document may be the subject of

patent rights. ISO shall not be held responsible for identifying any or all such patent rights. Details of

any patent rights identified during the development of the document will be in the Introduction and/or

on the ISO list of patent declarations received (see www .iso .org/ patents).

Any trade name used in this document is information given for the convenience of users and does not

constitute an endorsement.

For an explanation of the voluntary nature of standards, the meaning of ISO specific terms and

expressions related to conformity assessment, as well as information about ISO's adherence to the

World Trade Organization (WTO) principles in the Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT), see www .iso .org/

iso/ foreword .html.

This document was prepared jointly by Technical Committee ISO/TC 22, Road vehicles, Subcommittee

SC 31, Data communication and Study Group ITU-T SG16, Multimedia, Question Q27, Vehicle gateway. The

draft was circulated to the national bodies of ISO and ITU-T SG16.
A list of all parts in the ISO 23239 series can be found on the ISO website.

Any feedback or questions on this document should be directed to the user’s national standards body. A

complete listing of these bodies can be found at www .iso .org/ members .html.
© ISO 2021 – All rights reserved v
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ISO/FDIS 23239-1:2021(E)
Introduction

The connected vehicles are expected to expand and become even more popular in the markets of

different countries. A variety of technologies are being developed and discussed for many applications.

Everyone who drives a car collects traffic information to determine the correct driving behaviour and

accurately recognize the relevant traffic information and driving conditions without delay. Although

the autonomous driving function takes over the driver’s operation, there is the same value in a judgment

of correct driving behaviour. While many independent autonomous driving cars and intelligent

driver assistance functions provide information collected by various sensors, LIDAR and radar, their

performance is limited and the inaccuracies increase with ambient conditions such as weather and

blind spots.

In addition, the blinkers normally equipped with all vehicles only provide one-way fragmentary

information, though. If the vehicle communicates with other neighbouring vehicles or traffic

participants and exchanges various information, it will be able to go beyond the limits of its sensor

capabilities and blind spots to provide a more accurate assessment of the traffic situation. It will also

be possible to negotiate planned driving manoeuvres with neighbouring vehicles and to coordinate the

sequence and timing of driving manoeuvres.

This ability to share information between vehicles defined in this document is provided only on a

direct communication network between the vehicle and neighbouring traffic participants. It will

be accomplished with on-board functionality without investing in a significant communication

infrastructure on the road. This will enable vehicles to make more accurate and appropriate driving

choices, which will provide a number of benefits such as reducing traffic accidents and congestion with

improving traffic efficiency.

An important aspect of this documentation development is focusing on implementation points

throughout the vehicle. Typical use cases are collected, from which distinctive aspects of the

implementation specification are derived. And beyond simple information exchange, the resulting

information is reviewed, evaluated, and then used to generate reliable information that can be applied

to critical vehicle controls.

The ISO 23239 series is developed within a unique standard number, so that it will eliminate

inconsistencies and redundancies within the documentation. As a result of these tasks, compatibility

and interoperability will be confirmed, being added the economy and efficiency of implementation

with global consistency. Furthermore, by providing a concrete path from existing simple and partial

communication interface to trusted vehicle implementation, it is expected to support a smooth launch

of brand-new vehicle application and accelerate the introduction of next generation communication

technologies into the future vehicle market.
vi © ISO 2021 – All rights reserved
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FINAL DRAFT INTERNATIONAL STANDARD ISO/FDIS 23239-1:2021(E)
Road vehicles — Vehicle domain service —
Part 1:
General information and use case definitions
1 Scope

This document, as the first document in the ISO 23239 series, provides a basic definition of vehicle

domain service and supplementary information on detailed concepts, as well as definitions of the

typical and supplementary use cases being used to define the specification of applications.

Detailed specifications of communications and applications are provided in other documents in the

ISO 23239 series, and they are not provided in this document.

NOTE The remote processes by the tools connected to the on-board diagnosis(OBD) connector in a vehicle,

such as repair and maintenance, prognostics, monitoring, configuration and reprogramming of vehicle are out of

the scope of this document.
2 Normative references
There are no normative references in this document.
3 Terms and definitions
For the purposes of this document, the following terms and definitions apply.

ISO and IEC maintain terminological databases for use in standardization at the following addresses:

— ISO Online browsing platform: available at https:// www .iso .org/ obp
— IEC Electropedia: available at https:// www .electropedia .org/
3.1 Basis of vehicle domain
3.1.1
vehicle domain

limited group of secure and reliable connections, provided by the master vehicle (3.2.2) and established

on an existing network service by registering the domain actor (3.2.3)

Note 1 to entry: Vehicle domain is only related to network connection between master vehicle and domain actor.

Physical or geometrical conditions are not included.
3.1.2
vehicle domain dynamic map
VDDM
dynamic map in the vehicle domain (3.1.1) generated by a master vehicle (3.2.2)

Note 1 to entry: VDDM consists of static high definition features, dynamic actors and other characteristics.

© ISO 2021 – All rights reserved 1
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ISO/FDIS 23239-1:2021(E)
3.1.3
vehicle-domain service
VDS

group of functions provided by the master vehicle (3.2.2) to the domain actor (3.2.3) in the vehicle

domain (3.1.1)
Note 1 to entry: It includes vehicle domain dynamic map (3.1.2).
3.1.4
vehicle-domain service account
VDSA

unique identifier of the domain actor (3.2.3), certified and issued by the vehicle domain service

operator (3.3.7)
3.1.5
vehicle-domain service master time
VDS master time

basic time steps for synchronization between the master vehicle (3.2.2) and the domain actor (3.2.3)

generated by the master vehicle
Note 1 to entry: It generates both past and future time steps.
3.1.6
vehicle-domain service system
VDSS

physical structure that consists of the master vehicle (3.2.2) (server), neighbouring vehicles (client),

other traffic participants (clients), and a wireless network between the server and its clients that

provides vehicle domain service

Note 1 to entry: An element in the VDSS is named primary actor (3.2.1). Elements outside the VDS (3.1.3) are

named secondary actors (3.3.1).
3.2 Primary actors
3.2.1
primary actor
master vehicle (3.2.2) or one of its clients in the vehicle domain (3.1.1)
3.2.2
master vehicle
server of vehicle domain (3.1.1)

Note 1 to entry: This means the vehicle in which the server function is implemented.

3.2.3
domain actor
client of a master vehicle (3.2.2) in a vehicle domain (3.1.1)

Note 1 to entry: They are in general traffic participants, such as vehicles, bikes and walkers around the master

vehicle.
3.2.4
domain vehicle
vehicle client of a master vehicle (3.2.2) in a vehicle domain (3.1.1)
2 © ISO 2021 – All rights reserved
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ISO/FDIS 23239-1:2021(E)
3.2.5
domain participant

client of a master vehicle (3.2.2) except for a vehicle in a vehicle domain (3.1.1)

EXAMPLE Walker, bike and other traffic participants with network function.
3.2.6
domain sensor

client of a master vehicle (3.2.2) in a vehicle domain (3.1.1) with sensing function

Note 1 to entry: It is the network entity and typically, a vehicle with network and sensing function is often both a

domain vehicle (3.2.4) and domain sensor at the same time.

Note 2 to entry: The general definition of a domain sensor never excludes the domain actor (3.2.3) except vehicle.

3.3 Secondary actors
3.3.1
secondary actor
logical or functional network entity outside the vehicle domain (3.1.1)
3.3.2
smart-city traffic manager
SCTM
central management server of traffic information in a smart city
3.3.3
smart traffic

optimized traffic controlled by the smart city traffic manager (3.3.2) in a smart city

3.3.4
smart traffic architecture model proposal
STAMP

model proposal of the multi-layer-like control structure of smart traffic (3.3.3)

3.3.5
traffic operator

lower functional server of the smart city traffic manager (3.3.2) that manages traffic control information

3.3.6
traffic monitor

lower functional server of the smart city traffic manager (3.3.2) that monitors traffic status

3.3.7
vehicle domain service operator
VDSO
service operator who issues the vehicle-domain service account (3.1.4)
4 Abbreviated terms
For the purpose of this document, the following abbreviations apply:
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ISO/FDIS 23239-1:2021(E)
BUC business use case
DSRC dedicated short range communication
IP internet protocol
LDM local dynamic map
NTP network time protocol
STAMP smart traffic architecture model proposal
SUC system use case
TCP transmission control protocol
TLS transport layer security
UTC universal time
5 Conventions
5.1 Documents overview on OSI based services.

Figure 1 shows the organization and coverage of each of the documents in the ISO 23239 series on the

OSI layered architecture.
The definition of OSI layer model is defined in ISO/IEC 7498-1.

As indicated by the bold framed shapes, this document defines general information and use case

definitions. This is the base document, as the other documents in the ISO 23239 series are detailed and

separated specific documents according to the OSI layered architecture.
4 © ISO 2021 – All rights reserved
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ISO/FDIS 23239-1:2021(E)
Key
Coverages
description coverage of this document
description coverages of other parts of ISO 23239 series
Figure 1 — Documents overview of vehicle domain service
The upper layers are not fit for proper TCP/IP communication.
5.2 General policy structure

This document provides the policies for specifications as general information. The list of the policies

consists of recommendation, permission, possibility and capability. Additional statements are attached

in order to provide better understandings. All policies are expressed in a unified format.

This document applies a policy structure, i.e. a unique number identifies each individual policy included

in this document. It will improve the readability with easier policy tracking. The following modified

recommended format will be applied:
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ISO/FDIS 23239-1:2021(E)
'VDS'’Y’ - ‘xxx’ — policy name
policy text
where
— 'VDS' represents the ISO 23239 series,
— 'Y' represents the specific part of the ISO 23239 series,
— 'xxx' represents the individual policy number,
— 'policy name' represents the name of policy,
— 'policy text' defines the provisions of policy and
— '[' and ']' defines the starting and ending points of policy.
EXAMPLE
VDS1 - 000 — The form of general policy

This sentence should give the example form of the general policy defined in this document.

6 General information for vehicle domain service
6.1 General

The vehicle domain is the area that consists of road vehicles in which the applications are implemented.

The applications provide integrated information services used in the vehicle. The provided information

is generated from various source information, acquired by the communication, concerned with the area

around the vehicle such as traffic condition and so on. The source information is acquired directly or

indirectly by communication with neighbouring vehicles and other traffic participants (bikes, bicycles

and walkers) without any support by the road sided infrastructure.
This clause gives the basic definitions of vehicle domain services.
6.2 Vehicle domain service

The master vehicle generates a vehicle-domain network. Surrounding participants, such as vehicles,

bikes and walkers, join that network as domain actors. Various types of sensors equipped with

participants could also join it as additional actors. The master vehicle provides vehicle domain services

to the actors participating in its domain service network.
VDS1 - 001 — Vehicle domain service

If a vehicle is the master vehicle of the vehicle domain, it should provide vehicle domain services to the

domain actors.

Figure 2 shows a basic vehicle domain service. The master vehicle communicates with domain actors,

such as domain vehicles, sensors and participants. The master vehicle provides vehicle domain services

and domain actors respond to them.
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ISO/FDIS 23239-1:2021(E)
Key
1 vehicle domain
2 master vehicle
3 domain vehicle
4 domain sensor
5 domain participant
Figure 2 — Basic vehicle domain service

The minimum structure of the vehicle domain service consists of one master vehicle and one domain

actor. The field in which the vehicle domain is located includes everywhere the vehicle goes, such as

traffic roads, public parking areas and private garages.

VDS implementation depends on the original equipment manufacturer's (OEM) decision. Activation of

implemented VDS function depends on user’s or owner’s decision, local regulation or other rules before

driving.
6.3 Vehicle domain dynamic map service

The most typical service of VDS is the vehicle domain dynamic map service. The VDDM is the beginning,

original and most important service of VDS. It is applied to the vehicle driving with no restriction of

location, i.e. on the road, street, freeway, public parking area and private road.

The master vehicle collects relevant information from all of domain actors. The domain sensors report

acquired information about silent traffic participants and conditions instead of them. The master

vehicle generates dynamic map information within the vehicle domain. The master vehicle provides

VDDM-based services to the domain actors.
VDS1 - 002 — Vehicle domain dynamic map service

The master vehicle should provide vehicle domain dynamic map services to the domain actors.

Figure 3 shows a typical vehicle domain dynamic map service. The master vehicle communicates with

the domain actors, such as domain vehicles, sensors and participants. The master vehicle provides

vehicle domain dynamic map services and the domain actors respond to them.
© ISO 2021 – All rights reserved 7
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ISO/FDIS 23239-1:2021(E)
Key
1 vehicle domain
2 master vehicle
3 domain vehicle 1
4 domain vehicle 2
5 domain vehicle 3
6 domain sensor 1
7 domain sensor 2
8 domain participant 1
9 domain participant 2
10 domain participant 3
Figure 3 — Typical vehicle domain dynamic map service
6.4 Variations of vehicle domain services
6.4.1 Basic functions of vehicle domain service

The basic functions of VDS are collecting and processing traffic and driving information. Generated

information services are used to get better recognition of traffic situations and improve decision of

driving behaviour.

These kinds of generated information provided in a virtual map format consist of information about

dynamic actors, such as vehicles and participants, and static high definition road features. This is

defined as a vehicle domain d
...

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