ISO 22565:2019

Road vehicles - Durability test method of starter relay for stop and start system

This document defines the durability test methods of a starter relay for passenger vehicles (12 V) with a stop and start system. It uses a simulated electrical load to represent the starter solenoid.

Véhicules routiers — Méthodes de test d'endurance pour le relais démarreur stop and start system

General Information

• Status: Published
• Publication Date: 18-Aug-2019
• ICS: 43.060.50 - Electrical and electronic equipment. Control systems
• Technical Committee: ISO/TC 22/SC 32 - Electrical and electronic components and general system aspects
• Drafting Committee: ISO/TC 22/SC 32/WG 7 - Functional characteristics of starting devices and electrical generators
• Current Stage: 9060 - Close of review
• Completion Date: 04-Mar-2030

Overview

ISO 22565:2019 - Road vehicles - Durability test method of starter relay for stop and start system - defines standardized durability tests for starter relays used in 12 V passenger-vehicle stop‑and‑start systems. The standard prescribes using a simulated electrical load to represent the starter solenoid, enabling repeatable relay endurance testing while avoiding damage to real solenoids and reducing or eliminating the need for external cooling and long cycle times.

Key Topics

• Scope and purpose
  • Applies to starter relays that open/close the circuit to the starter solenoid in 12 V stop‑and‑start passenger vehicles.
  • Focuses on relay durability under frequent start cycles typical of stop‑and‑start systems.
• Simulated load approach
  • Uses electrical inductance and resistance values determined from the actual starter solenoid.
  • If the real solenoid contains a diode, the simulated load must include an equivalent diode (forward average rectified current and reverse voltage match the real part).
  • Recommends resistance materials with a small temperature coefficient to stabilize resistance under repeated operation and shorten OFF time.
• Test conditions
  • Test voltage: (13 ± 0.5) V DC; power supply must reproduce actual starter relay current.
  • Ambient temperature: room temperature (23 ± 5) °C.
  • ON/OFF timing: ON time set to reach steady current; OFF time set to prevent unacceptable temperature-driven current drift in the simulated load.
  • Target current: specific relay current targets and tolerances are to be agreed between relevant parties.
• Single‑coil vs. double‑coil solenoids
  • Separate test circuits and operation patterns are provided for single‑coil and double‑coil (pull‑in and hold‑in) solenoids (see Figures 2 and 3 in the standard).
  • Double‑coil tests include timed sequences for supplying both coils and for hold‑in only, with defined current conditions for each switching mode.
• Post‑test requirements
  • Number of operation cycles and acceptance criteria for relay characteristics after testing are to be determined by agreement between stakeholders.

Applications

ISO 22565:2019 is intended for:

• Automotive OEMs developing stop‑and‑start vehicle systems
• Relay manufacturers and suppliers validating product durability
• Component test laboratories implementing standardized relay endurance tests
• Quality and compliance teams seeking consistent, repeatable test methods for 12 V starter relays

Practical benefits include improved test reproducibility, reduced test duration, and avoidance of starter solenoid damage through simulated loads.

Related Standards

• ISO 20574:2019 - Road vehicles - Durability test method for starter motor for stop and start system

Keywords: ISO 22565:2019, starter relay durability, stop‑start system, simulated load, starter solenoid, durability test, 12 V passenger vehicles.

Standards Content (Sample)

INTERNATIONAL ISO
STANDARD 22565
First edition
2019-08
Road vehicles — Durability test
method of starter relay for stop and
start system
Véhicules routiers — Méthodes de test d'endurance pour le relais
démarreur stop and start system
Reference number
©
ISO 2019
© ISO 2019
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ii © ISO 2019 – All rights reserved

Contents Page
Foreword .iv
Introduction .v
1 Scope . 1
2 Normative references . 1
3 Terms and definitions . 1
4 Structure of starting circuit . 1
5 Types of starter solenoid . 2
6 Test methods . 2
6.1 Test method of the starter relay for the single-coil solenoid . 2
6.1.1 General. 2
6.1.2 Test circuit . 2
6.1.3 Test conditions. 3
6.2 Test method of the starter relay for the double-coil solenoid . 4
6.2.1 General. 4
6.2.2 Test circuit . 4
6.2.3 Test conditions. 4
6.3 Number of operation cycles and characteristics of the relay after the test . 8
Bibliography . 9
Foreword
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This document was prepared by Technical Committee ISO/TC 22, Road vehicles, Subcommittee SC 32,
Electrical and electronic components and general system aspects.
Any feedback or questions on this document should be directed to the user’s national standards body. A
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iv © ISO 2019 – All rights reserved

Introduction
A stop and start system requires more frequent engine starting therefore, the starter relay used in
such an engine should be durable. Currently, there is no common durability test method for starter
relays, and most individual durability test methods of vehicle manufacturers and relay suppliers use
actual starter solenoids as electrical loads of the relay. However, heat mass of the starter solenoid is
not sufficient, so cooling equipment and/or a longer test cycle time are necessary to prevent starter
solenoid damage.
This document provides a test method using a simulated electrical load which can shorten the test
period or eliminate cooling equipment.
INTERNATIONAL STANDARD ISO 22565:2019(E)
Road vehicles — Durability test method of starter relay for
stop and start system
1 Scope
This document defines the durability test methods of a starter relay for passenger vehicles (12 V) with
a stop and start system. It uses a simulated electrical load to represent the starter solenoid.
2 Normative references
There are no normative references in this document.
3 Terms and definitions
For the purposes of this document, the following terms and definitions apply.
ISO and IEC maintain terminological databases fo
...