ISO 11408:1999
(Main)Chemical conversion coatings - Black oxide coating on iron and steel - Specification and test methods
Chemical conversion coatings - Black oxide coating on iron and steel - Specification and test methods
This International Standard specifies requirements for black oxide coatings on iron and steel (including cast and wrought iron, carbon steel, low alloyed steel and stainless steel). Black oxide coatings can be used to diminish friction between sliding or bearing surfaces or for decorative purposes or to reduce light reflection. Such coatings, with or without supplementary preservative treatment, may be used where a black surface is required. Only very limited corrosion protection is obtained under mildly corrosive conditions even with preservative treatment. This International Standard does not specify requirements for the condition, finish or surface roughness of the substrate prior to black oxidizing.
Couches de conversion chimique — Finition noire de la fonte et de l'acier — Spécifications et méthodes d'essai
La présente Norme internationale spécifie les exigences concernant la finition noire de la fonte et de l'acier (fonte corroyée, acier au carbone, aciers faiblement alliés et acier inoxydable). La finition noire peut être utilisée pour réduire le frottement entre les surfaces de glissement ou d'appui ou à des fins de décoration, ou encore pour réduire la réflexion de la lumière. La finition noire, avec ou sans traitement de protection supplémentaire, peut être utilisée dans tous les cas où une surface noire est demandée. Avec traitement de protection, on n'obtient qu'un très faible niveau de résistance à la corrosion, même dans des situations faiblement corrosives. La présente Norme internationale ne spécifie aucune exigence concernant l'état de surface, la finition ou la rugosité du métal de base avant la finition noire.
General Information
- Status
- Published
- Publication Date
- 18-Aug-1999
- Technical Committee
- ISO/TC 107/SC 8 - Chemical conversion coatings
- Drafting Committee
- ISO/TC 107/SC 8 - Chemical conversion coatings
- Current Stage
- 9093 - International Standard confirmed
- Start Date
- 08-Mar-2021
- Completion Date
- 13-Dec-2025
ISO 11408:1999 - Overview
ISO 11408:1999 specifies requirements and test methods for black oxide coating (a chemical conversion coating) applied to iron and steel - including cast and wrought iron, carbon steels, low-alloy steels and stainless steels. The standard covers intended uses such as reducing friction between sliding surfaces, decorative finishes and reducing light reflection. It notes that only very limited corrosion protection is provided, even when supplementary preservative treatments (oil, wax, lacquer) are applied. The standard does not set requirements for substrate finish or surface roughness.
Key topics and technical requirements
- Scope and ordering information: Purchasers must provide ISO 11408 reference, significant surfaces to be coated, substrate nature and condition, sampling plan and appearance criteria.
- Appearance and surface quality: Coating must be free of red oxide spots and not overall reddish-brown; wiping with filter paper must not produce reddish or green smut. Non-uniformity is permitted in locally treated areas (welds, hardened zones).
- Oxalic acid test: Detailed procedure - dissolve 50 g oxalic acid per litre of water, place ~3 drops (0.2 ml) on a flat coated spot; reaction must occur within 30 s to 8 min and be evaluated against reference images. This checks coating quality.
- Neutral salt spray (NSS) resistance: For austenitic stainless steels, the unpreserved significant surface must withstand 96 h in NSS (per ISO 9227) without visible corrosion.
- Heat treatment: Pre- and post-coating heat treatments to reduce hydrogen embrittlement risk are referenced (see ISO 9587 and ISO 9588). Surface-hardened parts require post-coating tempering between 190 °C and 220 °C for at least 2 h.
- Sampling and inspection: Lot sampling follows ISO 4519 attribute-based plans. Annex B describes test methods for neutral surface reaction (phenolphthalein) and porosity/continuity (CuSO4 immersion or droplet).
- Processing guidance: Informative Annex A provides typical processing procedures for various steel grades.
Practical applications and users
Who uses ISO 11408:
- Manufacturers and processors that apply black oxide coatings to fasteners, sliding components, decorative hardware and optical housings.
- Quality engineers and inspection personnel defining test methods (oxalic acid, NSS, porosity tests) and acceptance criteria.
- Purchasers and specifiers who need to include coating requirements in procurement documents and drawings. Practical value:
- Ensures consistent appearance, basic surface performance and comparability between suppliers.
- Helps manage risks like hydrogen embrittlement via referenced heat-treatment requirements.
Related standards
- ISO 2064 - coating thickness definitions
- ISO 4519 - sampling procedures for inspection by attributes
- ISO 9227 - salt spray (NSS) corrosion testing
- ISO 9587 / ISO 9588 - pre- and post-treatment for hydrogen embrittlement prevention
Keywords: ISO 11408, black oxide coating, chemical conversion coatings, iron and steel, oxalic acid test, neutral salt spray, porosity test, hydrogen embrittlement, sampling, surface quality.
ISO 11408:1999 - Chemical conversion coatings -- Black oxide coating on iron and steel -- Specification and test methods
ISO 11408:1999 - Couches de conversion chimique -- Finition noire de la fonte et de l'acier -- Spécifications et méthodes d'essai
Frequently Asked Questions
ISO 11408:1999 is a standard published by the International Organization for Standardization (ISO). Its full title is "Chemical conversion coatings - Black oxide coating on iron and steel - Specification and test methods". This standard covers: This International Standard specifies requirements for black oxide coatings on iron and steel (including cast and wrought iron, carbon steel, low alloyed steel and stainless steel). Black oxide coatings can be used to diminish friction between sliding or bearing surfaces or for decorative purposes or to reduce light reflection. Such coatings, with or without supplementary preservative treatment, may be used where a black surface is required. Only very limited corrosion protection is obtained under mildly corrosive conditions even with preservative treatment. This International Standard does not specify requirements for the condition, finish or surface roughness of the substrate prior to black oxidizing.
This International Standard specifies requirements for black oxide coatings on iron and steel (including cast and wrought iron, carbon steel, low alloyed steel and stainless steel). Black oxide coatings can be used to diminish friction between sliding or bearing surfaces or for decorative purposes or to reduce light reflection. Such coatings, with or without supplementary preservative treatment, may be used where a black surface is required. Only very limited corrosion protection is obtained under mildly corrosive conditions even with preservative treatment. This International Standard does not specify requirements for the condition, finish or surface roughness of the substrate prior to black oxidizing.
ISO 11408:1999 is classified under the following ICS (International Classification for Standards) categories: 25.220.20 - Surface treatment. The ICS classification helps identify the subject area and facilitates finding related standards.
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Standards Content (Sample)
INTERNATIONAL ISO
STANDARD 11408
First edition
1999-08-01
Chemical conversion coatings — Black
oxide coating on iron and steel —
Specification and test methods
Couches de conversion chimique — Finition noire de la fonte et de l'acier —
Spécifications et méthodes d'essai
A
Reference number
Contents Page
1 Scope .1
2 Normative references .1
3 Term and definition .1
4 Information to be supplied by the purchaser to the supplier.2
4.1 Essential information .2
4.2 Additional information .2
5 Substrate .2
6 Heat treatment of steels .2
6.1 General.2
6.2 Heat treatment before black oxidizing.3
6.3 Heat treatment after black oxidizing.3
7 Requirements.3
7.1 Appearance and surface quality .3
7.2 Oxalic acid test resistance.3
7.3 Resistance of austenitic stainless steels to neutral salt spray.3
8 Sampling.3
(informative)
Annex A Processing procedures for iron and stainless steels.6
Annex B (informative) Methods of test for neutral surface reaction and for porosity and continuity.7
© ISO 1999
All rights reserved. Unless otherwise specified, no part of this publication may be reproduced or utilized in any form or by any means, electronic
or mechanical, including photocopying and microfilm, without permission in writing from the publisher.
International Organization for Standardization
Case postale 56 • CH-1211 Genève 20 • Switzerland
Internet iso@iso.ch
Printed in Switzerland
ii
© ISO
Foreword
ISO (the International Organization for Standardization) is a worldwide federation of national standards bodies (ISO
member bodies). The work of preparing International Standards is normally carried out through ISO technical
committees. Each member body interested in a subject for which a technical committee has been established has
the right to be represented on that committee. International organizations, governmental and non-governmental, in
liaison with ISO, also take part in the work. ISO collaborates closely with the International Electrotechnical
Commission (IEC) on all matters of electrotechnical standardization.
International Standards are drafted in accordance with the rules given in the ISO/IEC Directives, Part 3.
Draft International Standards adopted by the technical committees are circulated to the member bodies for voting.
Publication as an International Standard requires approval by at least 75 % of the member bodies casting a vote.
International Standard ISO 11408 was prepared by Technical Committee ISO/TC 107, Metallic and other inorganic
coatings, subcommittee SC 8, Chemical conversion coatings.
Annexes A and B of this International Standard are for information only.
iii
INTERNATIONAL STANDARD © ISO ISO 11408:1999(E)
Chemical conversion coatings — Black oxide coating on
iron and steel — Specification and test methods
1 Scope
This International Standard specifies requirements for black oxide coatings on iron and steel (including cast and
wrought iron, carbon steel, low alloyed steel and stainless steel). Black oxide coatings can be used to diminish
friction between sliding or bearing surfaces or for decorative purposes or to reduce light reflection. Such coatings,
with or without supplementary preservative treatment, may be used where a black surface is required. Only very
limited corrosion protection is obtained under mildly corrosive conditions even with preservative treatment.
This International Standard does not specify requirements for the condition, finish or surface roughness of the
substrate prior to black oxidizing.
2 Normative references
The following normative documents contain provisions which, through reference in this text, constitute provisions of
this International Standard. For dated references, subsequent amendments to, or revisions of, any of these
publications do not apply. However, parties to agreements based on this International Standard are encouraged to
investigate the possibility of applying the most recent editions of the normative documents listed below. For undated
references, the latest edition of the normative document referred to applies. Members of ISO and IEC maintain
registers of currently valid International Standards.
ISO 2064:1996, Metallic and other inorganic coatings — Definitions and conventions concerning the measurement
of thickness.
ISO 4519, Metallic and other inorganic coatings — Sampling procedures for inspection by attributes.
ISO 9227, Corrosion tests in artificial atmospheres — Salt spray tests.
ISO 9587, Metallic and other inorganic coatings — Pre-treatments of iron and steel to reduce the risk of hydrogen
embrittlement.
ISO 9588, Metallic and other inorganic coatings — Post-coating treatments of iron and steel for reducing the risk of
hydrogen embrittlement.
3 Term and definition
For the purposes of this International Standard, the following term and definition apply.
3.1
significant surface
part of the article covered or to be covered by the coating and for which the coating is essential for serviceability
and/or appearance and where the coating has to meet all of the specified requirements
[ISO 2064:1996, definition 3.1]
© ISO
4 Informa
...
NORME ISO
INTERNATIONALE 11408
Première édition
1999-08-01
Couches de conversion chimique —
Finition noire de la fonte et de l'acier —
Spécifications et méthodes d'essai
Chemical conversion coatings — Black oxide coating on iron and steel —
Specification and test methods
A
Numéro de référence
Sommaire
1 Domaine d'application.1
2 Références normatives .1
3 Terme et définition.1
4 Informations à fournir par l'acheteur au producteur.2
4.1 Informations essentielles.2
4.2 Informations complémentaires .2
5 Métal de base .2
6 Traitement thermique des aciers .2
6.1 Généralités .2
6.2 Traitement thermique avant finition noire.3
6.3 Traitement thermique après finition noire.3
7 Exigences .3
7.1 Aspect et état de surface .3
7.2 Essai de résistance à l'acide oxalique.3
7.3 Résistance des aciers inoxydables austénitiques au brouillard salin neutre .3
8 Échantillonnage .3
(informative)
Annexe A Méthodes de traitement de la fonte et des aciers inoxydables.6
Annexe B (informative) Méthodes d'essais de réaction de la surface neutre et de porosité et d'uniformité .7
© ISO 1999
Droits de reproduction réservés. Sauf prescription différente, aucune partie de cette publication ne peut être reproduite ni utilisée sous quelque
forme que ce soit et par aucun procédé, électronique ou mécanique, y compris la photocopie et les microfilms, sans l'accord écrit de l'éditeur.
Organisation internationale de normalisation
Case postale 56 • CH-1211 Genève 20 • Suisse
Internet iso@iso.ch
Imprimé en Suisse
ii
© ISO
Avant-propos
L'ISO (Organisation internationale de normalisation) est une fédération mondiale d'organismes nationaux de
normalisation (comités membres de l'ISO). L'élaboration des Normes internationales est en général confiée aux
comités techniques de l'ISO. Chaque comité membre intéressé par une étude a le droit de faire partie du comité
technique créé à cet effet. Les organisations internationales, gouvernementales et non gouvernementales, en
liaison avec l'ISO participent également aux travaux. L'ISO collabore étroitement avec la Commission
électrotechnique internationale (CEI) en ce qui concerne la normalisation électrotechnique.
Les Normes internationales sont rédigées conformément aux règles données dans les Directives ISO/CEI, Partie 3.
Les projets de Normes internationales adoptés par les comités techniques sont soumis aux comités membres pour
vote. Leur publication comme Normes internationales requiert l'approbation de 75 % au moins des comités
membres votants.
La Norme internationale ISO 11408 a été élaborée par le comité technique ISO/TC 107, Revêtements métalliques
et autres revêtements non organiques, sous-comité SC 8, Couches de conversion.
Les annexes A et B de la présente Norme internationale sont données uniquement à titre d'information.
iii
NORME INTERNATIONALE © ISO ISO 11408:1999(F)
Couches de conversion chimique — Finition noire de la
fonte et de l'acier — Spécifications et méthodes d'essai
1 Domaine d'application
La présente Norme internationale spécifie les exigences concernant la finition noire de la fonte et de l'acier (fonte
corroyée, acier au carbone, aciers faiblement alliés et acier inoxydable). La finition noire peut être utilisée pour
réduire le frottement entre les surfaces de glissement ou d'appui ou à des fins de décoration, ou encore pour
réduire la réflexion de la lumière. La finition noire, avec ou sans traitement de protection supplémentaire, peut être
utilisée dans tous les cas où une surface noire est demandée. Avec traitement de protection, on n'obtient qu'un très
faible niveau de résistance à la corrosion, même dans des situations faiblement corrosives.
La présente Norme internationale ne spécifie aucune exigence concernant l'état de surface, la finition ou la rugosité
du métal de base avant la finition noire.
2 Références normatives
Les documents normatifs suivants contiennent des dispositions qui par suite de la référence qui y est faite,
constituent des dispositions valables pour la présente Norme internationale. Pour les références datées, les
amendements ultérieurs ou les révisions de ces publications ne s’appliquent pas. Toutefois, les parties prenantes
aux accords fondés sur la présente Norme internationale sont invitées à rechercher la possibilité d'appliquer les
éditions les plus récentes des documents normatifs indiqués ci-après. Pour les références non datées, la dernière
édition du document normatif en référence s’applique. Les membres de l'ISO et de la CEI possèdent le registre des
Normes internationales en vigueur.
ISO 2064:1996, Revêtements métalliques et autres revêtements inorganiques — Définitions et principes concernant
le mesurage de l’épaisseur.
ISO 4519, Dépôts électrolytiques et finitions apparentées — Méthodes d’échantillonnage pour le contrôle par
attributs.
ISO 9227, Essais de corrosion en atmosphères artificielles — Essais aux brouillards salins.
ISO 9587, Revêtement métalliques et autres revêtements inorganiques — Prétraitements du fer ou de l’acier pour
diminuer le risque de fragilisation par l’hydrogène.
ISO 9588, Revêtements métalliques et autres revêtements inorganiques — Traitements après revêtement sur le fer
ou l’acier pour diminuer le risque de fragilisation par l’hydrogène.
3 Terme et définition
Pour les besoins de la présente Norme internationale, le terme et la définition suivants s'appliquent.
3.1
surface significative
partie de l'article couverte ou devant être couverte par le revêtement et pour laquelle le revêtement joue un rôle
essentiel quant à l'usage et/ou à l'aspect de l'article et doit satisfaire à toutes les exigences spécifiées
[ISO 2064:1996, définition 3.1]
© ISO
4 Informations à fournir par l'acheteur au producteur
4.1 Informations essentielles
Lorsque l'acheteur commande d'appliquer à des articles une finition noire conformément à la présente Norme
internationale, il doit fournir au producteur les informations suivantes:
a) le numéro de la présente Norme inter
...
ISO 11408:1999 is an international standard that sets requirements for black oxide coatings on iron and steel. This includes different types of iron and steel such as cast iron, wrought iron, carbon steel, low alloyed steel, and stainless steel. Black oxide coatings can be used for various purposes, such as reducing friction between sliding or bearing surfaces, for decorative purposes, or to reduce light reflection. These coatings, with or without additional treatment to prevent corrosion, can be applied when a black surface is needed. However, it is important to note that these coatings only provide limited corrosion protection, especially in mildly corrosive conditions. The standard does not specify requirements for the condition, finish, or surface roughness of the substrate before applying the black oxide coating.
記事のタイトル：ISO 11408:1999 - 鉄および鋼の化学変換被膜 - 黒色酸化鉄被膜 - 仕様および試験方法 記事内容：この国際規格は、鉄および鋼（鋳鉄および鍛造鉄、炭素鋼、低合金鋼、ステンレス鋼を含む）における黒色酸化鉄被膜の要件を示しています。黒色酸化鉄被膜は、スライディングやベアリング表面の摩擦を減少させるため、または装飾目的や光反射を低減させるために使用されます。黒色の表面が必要な場合、追加の防錆処理を施しても、わずかな程度の腐食保護しか得られません。この国際規格では、黒酸化処理前の基板の状態や表面の仕上げ、粗さに関する要件は明示されていません。
ISO 11408:1999 is an international standard that outlines the requirements for black oxide coatings on iron and steel. These coatings can be used to reduce friction, for decorative purposes, or to minimize light reflection. The standard does not specify the condition or surface roughness of the substrate before the black oxide coating is applied. While the coatings may provide limited corrosion protection, this is only the case under mildly corrosive conditions, even with additional preservative treatment.
ISO 11408:1999 is an international standard that sets requirements for black oxide coatings on iron and steel. These coatings can be used to reduce friction, for decorative purposes, or to reduce light reflection. The standard applies to various types of iron and steel, including cast and wrought iron, carbon steel, low alloyed steel, and stainless steel. Black oxide coatings can be used in applications where a black surface is desired. However, it should be noted that these coatings provide limited corrosion protection, even with supplementary preservative treatment. The standard does not provide specifications for the condition, finish, or surface roughness of the substrate prior to black oxidizing.
논문 제목: ISO 11408:1999 - 화학 변환 코팅 - 철강의 흑색 산화 코팅 - 명세 및 시험 방법 논문 내용: 이 국제 표준은 철강에 대한 흑색 산화 코팅에 대한 요구 사항을 명시한다. 이 코팅은 철강 및 철주물, 탄소강, 저합금강 및 스테인리스강을 포함한 다양한 종류의 철강에 사용될 수 있다. 흑색 산화 코팅은 슬라이딩 또는 베어링 표면 간 마찰을 감소시키거나 장식적인 목적으로 또는 광선 반사를 줄이기 위해 사용될 수 있다. 이러한 코팅은 보호 처리 여부에 관계없이 검정색 표면이 필요한 경우에 사용될 수 있다. 보호 처리를 해도 천천히 부식 환경에서는 매우 제한된 부식 방지 효과만 얻을 수 있다. 이 국제 표준은 검정 산화 이전의 기판의 상태, 마무리 또는 표면 거칠기에 대한 요구 사항을 명시하지 않는다.
記事のタイトル：ISO 11408:1999 - 化学変換被膜 - 鉄および鋼の黒酸化被膜 - 仕様および試験方法 記事の内容：この国際標準は、鉄および鋼（鋳鉄、鍛造鉄、炭素鋼、低合金鋼、ステンレス鋼を含む）に対する黒酸化被膜の要件を規定しています。黒酸化被膜は、摩擦減少、装飾、または光反射の低減のために使用されます。このような被膜は、付加的な防錆処理の有無に関係なく、黒色の表面が必要な場所で使用されることがあります。しかし、防錆処理を施しても、軽度な腐食環境下では限定的な防食効果しか得られません。この国際標準は、黒酸化処理前の基材の状態、仕上げ、表面粗さに関する要件を規定していません。
ISO 11408:1999は、鉄と鋼材に対する黒酸化被膜の要件を定めた国際規格です。この規格は、鋳鉄、鍛造鉄、炭素鋼、低合金鋼、ステンレス鋼など、さまざまな種類の鉄と鋼材に適用されます。黒酸化被膜は、滑りや軸受け面の摩擦を減少させるため、装飾用途や光反射の低減などに使用されます。これらの被膜は、付加的な防食処理の有無に関わらず、黒い表面が必要な場合に使用することができます。ただし、穏やかな腐食環境下でも防食性は限定的であり、規格では黒酸化前の基材の状態、仕上げ、表面の粗さに関する要件を明示していません。
ISO 11408:1999은 철과 강에 대한 블랙 옥사이드 코팅에 대한 요구 사항을 명시하는 국제 표준이다. 이는 주철, 연철, 탄소강, 저합금강 및 스테인레스강과 같은 다양한 종류의 철과 강을 포함한다. 블랙 옥사이드 코팅은 슬라이딩이나 베어링 표면 간 마찰 감소, 장식용 또는 빛 반사 감소를 위해 사용될 수 있다. 이러한 코팅은 보호 처리 여부에 관계없이 흑색 표면이 필요한 경우에 사용될 수 있다. 그러나 일반적인 부식 조건에서는 추가 보존 처리를 해도 제한적인 부식 보호만 제공된다. 이 국제 표준은 블랙 옥사이드 코팅 이전에 기판의 조건, 마무리, 표면 거칠기에 대한 요구 사항을 명시하지 않는다.
제목: ISO 11408:1999- 화학 변환 코팅 - 철 및 강에 적용되는 검은 산화 코팅 - 사양 및 시험 방법 내용: 이 국제 표준은 철 및 강(주철과 성형철, 탄소강, 저합금강, 스테인레스강 포함)에 대한 검은 산화 코팅의 요구사항을 규정합니다. 검은 산화 코팅은 슬라이딩이나 베어링 표면에서 마찰을 줄이거나 장식 용도로 사용되며 빛 반사를 감소시키기 위해 사용될 수 있습니다. 이러한 코팅은 부가적인 방부 처리 여부에 상관없이 검은 표면이 필요한 경우에 사용될 수 있습니다. 약한 부식 상황에서도 부가적인 방부 처리를 하더라도 매우 제한적인 방식으로만 부식 보호 기능을 제공합니다. 이 국제 표준은 검은 산화 처리 전 기판의 상태, 마무리 또는 표면 거칠기에 대한 요구사항을 규정하지 않습니다.
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