ISO 11451-2:2025

Road vehicles — Vehicle test methods for electrical disturbances from narrowband radiated electromagnetic energy — Part 2: Off-vehicle radiation sources

This document specifies a method for testing the immunity of passenger cars and commercial vehicles to electrical disturbances from off-vehicle radiation sources, regardless of the vehicle propulsion system (e.g. spark ignition engine, diesel engine, electric motor). The electromagnetic disturbances considered are limited to continuous narrowband electromagnetic fields. While this document refers specifically to passenger cars and commercial vehicles, generalized as “vehicle(s)”, it can readily be applied to other types of vehicles. ISO 11451-1 specifies general test conditions, definitions, practical use, and basic principles of the test procedure. Function performance status classification guidelines for immunity to electromagnetic radiation from an off-vehicle radiation source are given in Annex A.

Véhicules routiers — Méthodes d'essai d'un véhicule soumis à des perturbations électriques par rayonnement d'énergie électromagnétique en bande étroite — Partie 2: Sources de rayonnement hors du véhicule

General Information

• Status: Published
• Publication Date: 12-Jun-2025
• ICS: 33.100.20 - Immunity
• ICS: 43.040.10 - Electrical and electronic equipment
• Technical Committee: ISO/TC 22/SC 32 - Electrical and electronic components and general system aspects
• Drafting Committee: ISO/TC 22/SC 32 - Electrical and electronic components and general system aspects
• Current Stage: 6060 - International Standard published
• Start Date: 13-Jun-2025
• Due Date: 18-Mar-2025
• Completion Date: 13-Jun-2025

Relations

• Revises: ISO 11451-2:2015 - Road vehicles — Vehicle test methods for electrical disturbances from narrowband radiated electromagnetic energy — Part 2: Off-vehicle radiation sources
• Effective Date: 06-Jun-2022

Standards Content (Sample)

International
Standard
ISO 11451-2
Fifth edition
Road vehicles — Vehicle test
2025-06
methods for electrical disturbances
from narrowband radiated
electromagnetic energy —
Part 2:
Off-vehicle radiation sources
Véhicules routiers — Méthodes d'essai d'un véhicule soumis
à des perturbations électriques par rayonnement d'énergie
électromagnétique en bande étroite —
Partie 2: Sources de rayonnement hors du véhicule
Reference number
All rights reserved.
ISO publications, in their entirety or in fragments, are owned by ISO. They are licensed, not sold, and are subject to the
terms and conditions set forth in the ISO End Customer License Agreement, the License Agreement of the relevant ISO
member body, or those of authorized third-party distributors.
Unless otherwise specified or required for its implementation, no part of this ISO publication may be reproduced,
distributed, modified, or used in any form or by any means, electronic or mechanical, including photocopying, scanning,
recording, or posting on any intranet, internet, or other digital platforms, without the prior written permission of ISO,
the relevant ISO member body or an authorized third-party distributor.
This publication shall not be disclosed to third parties, and its use is strictly limited to the license type and purpose
specified in the applicable license grant. Unauthorized reproduction, distribution, or use beyond the granted license is
prohibited and may result in legal action.
ISO copyright office
CP 401 • Ch. de Blandonnet 8
CH-1214 Vernier, Geneva
Phone: [phone]
Email: [e-mail]
Website: www.iso.org
Published in Switzerland
Licensing and use terms
As stated above, ISO documents, as well as any updates and/or corrections, and any intellectual property or
other rights pertaining thereto, are owned by ISO. ISO documents are licensed, not sold. This document does
not in any way operate to assign or transfer any intellectual property rights from ISO to the user. ISO
documents are protected by copyright law, database law, trademark law, unfair competition law, trade secrecy
law, and any other applicable law. Users acknowledge and agree to respect ISO’s intellectual property rights
in the ISO documents.
The use of ISO documents is subject to the terms and conditions of the applicable licence agreement.
ISO documents are provided under different licensing agreement types (“Licence Type”) allowing a non-
exclusive, non-transferable, limited, revocable right to use/access the ISO documents for one or more of the
purposes described below (“Purpose”), which may be internal or external in scope. The applicable Purpose(s)
must be agreed in the purchase order and/or in the applicable licence agreement.
a) Licence Type:
1) Single registered end-user licence (watermarked in the user’s name) for the specified Purpose. Under
this license, the user cannot share the ISO document with a third party, including on a network.
2) Network licence for the specified Purpose. The network licence can be assigned to either unnamed
concurrent end-users or named concurrent end-users within the same organization.
ii
b) Purpose:
1) Internal Purpose. Internal use only within the user’s organization, including but not limited to own
implementation (“Internal Purpose”).
The scope of permitted internal use is specified at the time of purchase or through subsequent
agreement with ISO, the ISO member body in the user’s country, any other ISO member body or an
authorized third-party distributor, including any applicable internal use rights (such as for internal
meetings, internal training programmes, preparation of certification services, for integration or
illustration in internal manuals, internal training materials, and internal guidance documents). Each
internal use must be explicitly specified in the purchase order and/or in the applicable licence
agreement, and specific fees and requirements apply to each permitted use.
2) External Purpose. External use, including but not limited to:
— testing services;
— inspection services;
— certification services;
— auditing services;
— consulting services;
— conformity assessment scheme development and implementation;
— training services;
— education;
— research;
— software development and other digital platform or software-enabled digital services;
— any other services or activities conducted by the user or the user’s organization to third parties,
whether for commercial or non-commercial purposes (“External Purpose”).
The scope of permitted external use is specified at the time of purchase or through subsequent
agreement with ISO, the ISO member body in the user’s country, any other ISO member body or an
authorized third-party distributor, including any applicable external use rights (e.g. in publications,
products, or services marketed and sold by the user/the user’s organization). Each external use must
be explicitly specified in the purchase order and/or in the applicable licence agreement, and specific
fees and requirements apply to each permitted use.
Unless users have been granted use rights according to the above provisions, they are not granted the right to
share or sublicense ISO documents inside or outside their organization for either Purpose. If users wish to
obtain additional use rights for ISO documents or their content, users can contact ISO or the ISO member body
in their country to explore possible options.
If the user or the user’s organization is granted a licence for the External Purpose of providing any of the
following services to third parties:
— testing services;
— inspection services;
ii(bis)
— certification services;
— auditing services;
— consulting services,
and if any of these five (5) services reference, rely upon, incorporate, or otherwise make use of any aspect,
requirement, provision, or any other information of any ISO document, the user or the user’s organization
agrees to verify that the third party receiving such services has obtained from the ISO member body in their
country, any other ISO member body, ISO or an authorized third-party distributor, a valid licence for its own
implementation of such ISO document or other use related to such services. This verification obligation must
be included in the applicable licence agreement obtained by the user or the user’s organization.
ISO documents must not be disclosed to third parties, and users must use them solely for the purpose specified
in the purchase order and/or applicable licensing agreement. Unauthorized disclosure or use of ISO
documents beyond the licensed purpose is prohibited and can result in legal action.
Use restrictions
Except as provided for in the applicable licence agreement and subject to a separate licence by ISO, the ISO
member body in the user’s country, any other ISO member body or an authorized third-party distributor, users
are not granted the right to:
— use ISO documents for any purpose other than the Purpose;
— grant use or access rights to ISO documents beyond the Licence Type;
— disclose ISO documents beyond the intended Purpose and/or Licence Type;
— sell, lend, lease, reproduce, distribute, import/export or otherwise commercially exploit ISO documents.
In the case of documents that are joint publications (such as ISO/IEC documents), this clause applies to
the respective joint copyright ownership;
— assign or otherwise transfer ownership of ISO documents, in whole or in part, to any third party.
Regardless of the Licence Type or Purpose for which users are granted access and use rights for ISO
documents, users are not permitted to access or use any ISO documents, in whole or in part, for any machine
learning and/or artificial intelligence and/or similar purposes, including but not limited to accessing or using
them
a) as training data for large language or similar models, or
b) for prompting or otherwise enabling artificial intelligence or similar tools to generate responses.
Such use is only permitted if expressly authorized through a specific licence agreement by the ISO member
body in the requester’s country, another ISO member body, or ISO. Requests for such authorization are
considered on a case-by-case basis to ensure compliance with intellectual property rights. Specifically, it is not
possible to claim the benefit of copyright exception of Article 4 of the Directive (EU) 2019/790 of the European
Parliament and of the Council of 17 April 2019 on copyright and related rights in the Digital Single Market, for
the purpose of text and data mining on ISO documents, as ISO hereby opts out of this exception.
If ISO, or the ISO member body in the user’s country, has reasonable doubt that users are not compliant with
these terms, it can request in writing to perform an audit, or have an audit performed by a third-party auditor,
during business hours at the user’s premises or via remote access.
ii(ter)
Contents Page
Foreword .iv
1 Scope . 1
2 Normative references . 1
3 Terms and definitions . 1
4 Test conditions . 2
5 Test location . 2
6 Test instrumentation . 4
6.1 General .4
6.2 Field generating device .4
6.3 Field probes .5
6.4 Stimulation and monitoring of the device under test (DUT) .5
7 Test set-up . 6
7.1 General .6
7.2 Vehicle placement .6
7.3 Field generating device location (relative to vehicle and shielded enclosure) .6
7.3.1 General .6
7.3.2 Antenna constraints .6
7.3.3 TLS constraints .6
7.4 Vehicle test configurations .7
7.4.1 General .7
7.4.2 Vehicle not connected to the power grid .7
7.4.3 Vehicle in charging mode 1 or mode 2 (AC powered, without communication) .8
7.4.4 Vehicle in charging mode 3 or mode 4 (AC or DC powered, with communication) .11
7.4.5 Vehicle in charging mode through WPT .16
8 Test procedure . 17
8.1 General .17
8.2 Test plan .17
8.3 Test method .
...

International
Standard
Redline version
compares Fourth edition
to Fifth edition
ISO 11451-2
Road vehicles — Vehicle test
methods for electrical disturbances
from narrowband radiated
electromagnetic energy —
Part 2:
Off-vehicle radiation sources
Véhicules routiers — Méthodes d'essai d'un véhicule soumis
à des perturbations électriques par rayonnement d'énergie
électromagnétique en bande étroite —
Partie 2: Sources de rayonnement hors du véhicule
Reference number
ISO 11451-2:redline:2025(en) © ISO 2025

ISO 11451-2:redline:2025(en)
IMPORTANT — PLEASE NOTE
This is a provisional mark-up copy and uses the following colour coding:
Text example 1 — indicates added text (in green)
— indicates removed text (in red)
Text example 2
— indicates added graphic figure
— indicates removed graphic figure
1.x . — Heading numbers containg modifications are highlighted in yellow in
the Table of Contents
All changes in this document have yet to reach concensus by vote and as such should only
be used internally for review purposes.
DISCLAIMER
This Redline version is intended only to provide the user with an indication of what changes
have been made to the previous version. Only the current version of the standard is to be
considered the official document.
This Redline version provides you with a quick and easy way to compare all the changes
between this standard and its previous edition. A vertical bar appears in the margin
wherever a change has been made. Additions and deletions are displayed in red, with
deletions being struck through.
All rights reserved.
ISO publications, in their entirety or in fragments, are owned by ISO. They are licensed, not sold, and are subject to the terms and
conditions set forth in the ISO End Customer License Agreement, the License Agreement of the relevant ISO member body, or
those of authorized third-party distributors.
Unless otherwise specified or required for its implementation, no part of this ISO publication may be reproduced, distributed,
modified, or used in any form or by any means, electronic or mechanical, including photocopying, scanning, recording, or posting
on any intranet, internet, or other digital platforms, without the prior written permission of ISO, the relevant ISO member body
or an authorized third-party distributor.
This publication shall not be disclosed to third parties, and its use is strictly limited to the license type and purpose specified in
the applicable license grant. Unauthorized reproduction, distribution, or use beyond the granted license is prohibited and may
result in legal action.
ISO copyright office
CP 401 • Ch. de Blandonnet 8
CH-1214 Vernier, Geneva
Phone: [phone]
Email: [e-mail]
Website: www.iso.org
Published in Switzerland
ii
Licensing and use terms
As stated above, ISO documents, as well as any updates and/or corrections, and any intellectual property or other rights
pertaining thereto, are owned by ISO. ISO documents are licensed, not sold. This document does not in any way operate
to assign or transfer any intellectual property rights from ISO to the user. ISO documents are protected by copyright law,
database law, trademark law, unfair competition law, trade secrecy law, and any other applicable law. Users acknowledge
and agree to respect ISO’s intellectual property rights in the ISO documents.
The use of ISO documents is subject to the terms and conditions of the applicable licence agreement.
ISO documents are provided under different licensing agreement types (“Licence Type”) allowing a non-exclusive, non-
transferable, limited, revocable right to use/access the ISO documents for one or more of the purposes described below
(“Purpose”), which may be internal or external in scope. The applicable Purpose(s) must be agreed in the purchase order
and/or in the applicable licence agreement.
a) Licence Type:
1) Single registered end-user licence (watermarked in the user’s name) for the specified Purpose. Under this
license, the user cannot share the ISO document with a third party, including on a network.
2) Network licence for the specified Purpose. The network licence can be assigned to either unnamed concurrent
end-users or named concurrent end-users within the same organization.
b) Purpose:
1) Internal Purpose. Internal use only within the user’s organization, including but not limited to own
implementation (“Internal Purpose”).
The scope of permitted internal use is specified at the time of purchase or through subsequent agreement
with ISO, the ISO member body in the user’s country, any other ISO member body or an authorized third-
party distributor, including any applicable internal use rights (such as for internal meetings, internal training
programmes, preparation of certification services, for integration or illustration in internal manuals, internal
training materials, and internal guidance documents). Each internal use must be explicitly specified in the
purchase order and/or in the applicable licence agreement, and specific fees and requirements apply to each
permitted use.
2) External Purpose. External use, including but not limited to:
— testing services;
— inspection services;
— certification services;
— auditing services;
— consulting services;
— conformity assessment scheme development and implementation;
— training services;
— education;
— research;
— consulting services;
— software development and other digital platform or software-enabled digital services;
— any other services or activities conducted by the user or the user’s organization to third parties, whether
for commercial or non-commercial purposes (“External Purpose”).
The scope of permitted external use is specified at the time of purchase or through subsequent agreement
with ISO, the ISO member body in the user’s country, any other ISO member body or an authorized third-party
distributor, including any applicable external use rights (e.g. in publications, products, or services marketed and
sold by the user/the user’s organization). Each external use must be explicitly specified in the purchase order
and/or in the applicable licence agreement, and specific fees and requirements apply to each permitted use.

iii
ISO 11451-2:redline:2025(en)
Unless users have been granted use rights according to the above provisions, they are not granted the right to share or
sublicense ISO documents inside or outside their organization for either Purpose. If users wish to obtain additional use
rights for ISO documents or their content, users can contact ISO or the ISO member body in their country to explore
possible options.
If the user or the user’s organization is granted a licence for the External Purpose of providing any of the following
services to third parties:
— testing services;
— inspection services;
— certification services;
— auditing services;
— consulting services,
and if any of these five (5) services reference, rely upon, incorporate, or otherwise make use of any aspect, requirement,
provision, or any other information of any ISO document, the user or the user’s organization agrees to verify that the third
party receiving such services has obtained from the ISO member body in their country, any other ISO member body, ISO
or an authorized third-party distributor, a valid licence for its own implementation of such ISO document or other use
related to such services. This verification obligation must be included in the applicable licence agreement obtained by
the user or the user’s organization.
ISO documents must not be disclosed to third parties, and users must use them solely for the purpose specified in the
purchase order and/or applicable licensing agreement. Unauthorized disclosure or use of ISO documents beyond the
licensed purpose is prohibited and can result in legal action.
Use restrictions
Except as provided for in the applicable licence agreement and subject to a separate licence by ISO, the ISO member body
in the user’s country, any other ISO member body or an authorized third-party distributor, users are not granted the right
to:
— use ISO documents for any purpose other than the Purpose;
— grant use or access rights to ISO documents beyond the Licence Type;
— disclose ISO documents beyond the intended Purpose and/or Licence Type;
— sell, lend, lease, reproduce, distribute, import/export or otherwise commercially exploit ISO documents. In the case
of documents that are joint publications (such as ISO/IEC documents), this clause applies to the respective joint
copyright ownership;
— assign or otherwise transfer ownership of ISO documents, in whole or in part, to any third party.
Regardless of the Licence Type or Purpose for which users are granted access and use rights for ISO documents, users
are not permitted to access or use any ISO documents, in whole or in part, for any machine learning and/or artificial
intelligence and/or similar purposes, including but not limited to accessing or using them
a) as training data for large language or similar models, or
b) for prompting or otherwise enabling artificial intelligence or similar tools to generate responses.
Such use is only permitted if expressly authorized through a specific licence agreement by the ISO member body in the
requester’s country, another ISO member body, or ISO. Requests for such authorization are considered on a case-by-case
basis to ensure compliance with intellectual property rights. Specifically, it is not possible to claim the benefit of copyright
exception of Article 4 of the Directive (EU) 2019/790 of the European Parliament and of the Council of 17 April 2019 on
copyright and related rights in the Digital Single Market, for the purpose of text and data mining on ISO documents, as
ISO hereby opts out of this exception.
If ISO, or the ISO member body in the user’s country, has reasonable doubt that users are not compliant with these terms,
it can request in writing to perform an audit, or have an audit performed by a third-party auditor, during business hours
at the user’s premises or via remote access.

iv
ISO 11451-2:redline:2025(en)
Contents Page
Foreword .vii
1 Scope . 1
2 Normative references . 1
3 Terms and definitions . 1
4 Test conditions . 2
5 Test location . 2
6 Test instrumentation . 6
6.1 General .6
6.1 6.2 .
Field generating device .6
6.2 6.3 .
Field probes .9
6.3 6.4 .
Stimulation and monitoring of the device under test (DUT) .9
7 Test set-up . 9
7.1 General .9
7.1 7.2 .
Vehicle placement .9
7.2 7.3 .
Field generating device location (relative to vehicle and shielded enclosure) .9
7.3.1 General .9
7.2.1 7.3.2 .
...