ISO 2039:1973
(Main)Plastics and ebonite — Determination of hardness by the ball indentation method
Plastics and ebonite — Determination of hardness by the ball indentation method
Matières plastiques et ébonite — Détermination de la dureté — Méthode de pénétration à la bille
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@ 2039
INTERNATIONAL STANDARD
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INTFRNATIONAL ORGANIZATION FOR STANDARDIZATION .MFXCflYHAPOnHAR OPrAHH3AUHR no CTAHnAPTH3AUHH *ORGANISATION INTERNATIONALE DE NORMALISATION
Plastics and ebonite - Determination of hardness by the ball
indentation method
First edition - 1973-1 1-15
UDC 678.5/.8 : 620.178.15 Ref. No. IS0 2039-1973 (E)
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Descriptors : plastics, elastomers, ebonite, tests, hardness tests, indentation hardness tests.
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Price based on 3 pages
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FOREWORD
IS0 (the International Organization for Standardization) is a worldwide federation
of national standards institutes (IS0 Member Bodies). The work of developing
International Standards is carried out through IS0 Technical Committees. Every
Member Body interested in a subject for which a Technical Committee has been set
up has the right to be represented on that Committee. International organizations,
governmental and non-governmental, in liaison with ISO, also take part in the work.
Draft International Standards adopted by the Technical Committees are circulated
to the Member Bodies for approval before their acceptance as International
Standards by the IS0 Council.
International Standard IS0 2039 was drawn up by Technical Committee
lSO/TC 61, Plastics, and circulated to the Member Bodies in December 1970.
It has been approved by the Member Bodies of the following countries :
of
Austria India South Africa, Rep.
Belg iu m Israel Spain
Canada Japan Sweden
Czechoslo vak ia Korea, Rep. of Switzerland
Egypt, Arab Rep. of Nether lands Turkey
France Poland U.S.A.
Germany Portuga I U.S:S.R.
Hungary Romania
The Member Bodies of the following countries expressed disapproval of the
document on technical grounds :
Australia
Italy
New Zealand
United Kingdom
O International Organization for Standardization, 1973 O
Printed in Switzerland.
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IS0 2039-1973 (E)
INTERNATIONAL STANDARD
Plastics and ebonite - Determination of hardness by the ball
indentation method
6 APPARATUS
1 SCOPE AND FIELD OF APPLICATION
This International Standard specifies a method for
6.1 The apparatus shall consist essentially of a frame with
determining the hardness of plastics by means of a loaded
an adjustable platform fitted with a plate to support the
ball indenter. The method may also be used for the testing
test specimen, an indenter with its associated fittings and a
L of hard rubber - ebonite.
device for applying the load without impact.
The apparatus shall be equipped with a device to measure
2 REFERENCE
the depth of penetration of the indenter with the accuracy
indicated in 6.5.
ISO/R 291, Plastics - Standard atmospheres for condi-
tioning and testing.
The frame shall not be deformed under the maximum load
by more than 0.03 mm for method A or 0,05 mm for
B, the deformation being measured along the main
method
3 DEFINITION
axis of the applied force.
For the purpose of this International Standard the
ball-indentation hardness is defined as the quotient of the
load on the ball indenter by the surface area of the
6.2 The indenter shall be made from hardened steel of
a specified
impression caused by the ball indenter after
Vickers hardness 800 daN/mmZ and shall be polished. The
time of load application. It is expressed in decanewtons per
ball shall not show any deformation or damage after the
square mi II imetre .
test.
Diameter of the ball :
4 SIGNIFICANCE OF THE TEST
The ball indentation hardness determined by this method
Method A
may provide data for research and development, quality
'L
The reference ball is the 5 mm diameter ball. If, with
control and acceptance or rejection under specifications.
any of the loads given in 6.4, the 5 mm ball does not
permit the requirements given in 6.5 to be respected, it
5 PRINCIPLE OF THE METHOD
is possible to use, in order of preference, the 10 mm,
7.5 mm or 2.5 mm ball.
The method consists of forcing a ball under a specified load
into the surface of the test specimen. The depth of
impression is measured under load. The surface area of the
Method B
impression is computed from its depth. The
5.0 mm.
ball-indentation hardness is then calculated from the
following relationship :
The diameter of the ball shall be within f 1 % of the
nominal diameter.
Applied load
Ball-indentation hardness =
Surface area of impression
6.3 The initial load (tolerance k 1 %) shall be as follows :
There are two methods, designated A and B.
Method A
Method A is particularly useful for evaluating the hardness
0,245 daN for a test load up to and including 9.8 daN.
of superficial layers (penetration being limited to small
depths : 100 pm). It requires the more precise apparatus.
0.98 daN for a test load greater than 9.8 daN.
Method B is used more for measuring the hardness of
Method B
Pm). The
thicker layers (depth of penetration 350
apparatus may therefore be less precise (see 6.5). 0,98 daN.
1
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