ISO/TS 24137:2023

Plain bearings — Surface modification by press fitting solid lubricants combined with micro dimple processing

This document specifies the method of surface modification that improves the friction characteristics of plain bearings, by press fitting a solid lubricant onto the bearing metal surface mechanically in combination with processing a lot of micro dimples on the surface.

Paliers lisses — Modification de la surface par fixation par pression de lubrifiants solides combinée à un traitement par micro-cavités

Le présent document spécifie la méthode de modification de surface qui améliore la résistance des paliers lisses au frottement, en appliquant mécaniquement un lubrifiant solide sur la surface métallique du palier par fixation par pression, combiné à la formation de nombreuses micro-cavités sur la surface.

General Information

• Status: Published
• Publication Date: 27-Feb-2023
• ICS: 21.100.10 - Plain bearings
• Technical Committee: ISO/TC 123/SC 7 - Special types of plain bearings
• Drafting Committee: ISO/TC 123/SC 7 - Special types of plain bearings
• Current Stage: 6060 - International Standard published
• Start Date: 28-Feb-2023
• Due Date: 21-Apr-2023
• Completion Date: 28-Feb-2023

Standards Content (Sample)

FINAL
TECHNICAL ISO/DTS
DRAFT
SPECIFICATION 24137
ISO/TC 123/SC 7
Plain bearings — Surface modification
Secretariat: JISC
by press fitting solid lubricants
Voting begins on:
2022-11-22 combined with micro dimple
processing
Voting terminates on:
2023-01-17
RECIPIENTS OF THIS DRAFT ARE INVITED TO
SUBMIT, WITH THEIR COMMENTS, NOTIFICATION
OF ANY RELEVANT PATENT RIGHTS OF WHICH
THEY ARE AWARE AND TO PROVIDE SUPPOR TING
DOCUMENTATION.
IN ADDITION TO THEIR EVALUATION AS
Reference number
BEING ACCEPTABLE FOR INDUSTRIAL, TECHNO-
ISO/DTS 24137:2022(E)
LOGICAL, COMMERCIAL AND USER PURPOSES,
DRAFT INTERNATIONAL STANDARDS MAY ON
OCCASION HAVE TO BE CONSIDERED IN THE
LIGHT OF THEIR POTENTIAL TO BECOME STAN-
DARDS TO WHICH REFERENCE MAY BE MADE IN
NATIONAL REGULATIONS. © ISO 2022

---------------------- Page: 1 ----------------------
ISO/DTS 24137:2022(E)
FINAL
TECHNICAL ISO/DTS
DRAFT
SPECIFICATION 24137
ISO/TC 123/SC 7
Plain bearings — Surface modification
Secretariat: JISC
by press fitting solid lubricants
Voting begins on:
combined with micro dimple
processing
Voting terminates on:
COPYRIGHT PROTECTED DOCUMENT
© ISO 2022
All rights reserved. Unless otherwise specified, or required in the context of its implementation, no part of this publication may
be reproduced or utilized otherwise in any form or by any means, electronic or mechanical, including photocopying, or posting on
the internet or an intranet, without prior written permission. Permission can be requested from either ISO at the address below
or ISO’s member body in the country of the requester.
RECIPIENTS OF THIS DRAFT ARE INVITED TO
ISO copyright office
SUBMIT, WITH THEIR COMMENTS, NOTIFICATION
OF ANY RELEVANT PATENT RIGHTS OF WHICH
CP 401 • Ch. de Blandonnet 8
THEY ARE AWARE AND TO PROVIDE SUPPOR TING
CH-1214 Vernier, Geneva
DOCUMENTATION.
Phone: [phone]
IN ADDITION TO THEIR EVALUATION AS
Reference number
Email: [e-mail]
BEING ACCEPTABLE FOR INDUSTRIAL, TECHNO­
ISO/DTS 24137:2022(E)
Website: www.iso.org
LOGICAL, COMMERCIAL AND USER PURPOSES,
DRAFT INTERNATIONAL STANDARDS MAY ON
Published in Switzerland
OCCASION HAVE TO BE CONSIDERED IN THE
LIGHT OF THEIR POTENTIAL TO BECOME STAN­
DARDS TO WHICH REFERENCE MAY BE MADE IN
ii
  © ISO 2022 – All rights reserved
NATIONAL REGULATIONS. © ISO 2022

---------------------- Page: 2 ----------------------
ISO/DTS 24137:2022(E)
Contents Page
Foreword .iv
Introduction .v
1 Scope . 1
2 Normative references . 1
3 Terms and definitions . 1
4 Structure . 1
5 Materials . 2
5.1 Target materials . 2
5.2 Solid lubricants. 2
6 Process . . 2
6.1 General . 2
6.2 Formation of dimples . 3
6.2.1 General . 3
6.2.2 Shot peening . 3
6.2.3 Interrupted micro cutting. 4
6.3 Supply of solid lubricant . 5
6.4 Press fitting of solid lubricant. 5
Annex A (informative) Test results . 7
Bibliography .12
iii
© ISO 2022 – All rights reserved

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ISO/DTS 24137:2022(E)
Foreword
ISO (the International Organization for Standardization) is a worldwide federation of national standards
bodies (ISO member bodies). The work of preparing International Standards is normally carried out
through ISO technical committees. Each member body interested in a subject for which a technical
committee has been established has the right to be represented on that committee. International
organizations, governmental and non­governmental, in liaison with ISO, also take part in the work.
ISO collaborates closely with the International Electrotechnical Commission (IEC) on all matters of
electrotechnical standardization.
The procedures used to develop this document and those intended for its further maintenance are
described in the ISO/IEC Directives, Part 1. In particular, the different approval criteria needed for the
different types of ISO documents should be noted. This document was drafted in accordance with the
editorial rules of the ISO/IEC Directives, Part 2 (see www.iso.org/directives).
Attention is drawn to the possibility that some of the elements of this document may be the subject of
patent rights. ISO shall not be held responsible for identifying any or all such patent rights. Details of
any patent rights identified during the development of the document will be in the Introduction and/or
on the ISO list of patent declarations received (see www.iso.org/patents).
Any trade name used in this document is information given for the convenience of users and does not
constitute an endorsement.
For an explanation of the voluntary nature of standards, the meaning of ISO specific terms and
expressions related to conformity assessment, as well as information about ISO's adherence to
the World Trade Organization (WTO) principles in the Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT), see
www.iso.org/iso/foreword.html.
This document was prepared by Technical Committee ISO/TC 123, Plain bearings, Subcommittee SC 7,
Special types of plain bearings.
Any feedback or questions on this document should be directed to the user’s national standards body. A
complete listing of these bodies can be found at www.iso.org/members.html.
iv
  © ISO 2022 – All rights reserved

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ISO/DTS 24137:2022(E)
Introduction
As a general surface modification method, heat treatment such as carburizing or nitriding, hard film
coating by chemical vapour deposition (CVD) or physical vapour deposition (PVD), solid lubricant
coating using a resin binder, etc. are used. However, these conventional surface modification methods
have problems such as the need for a special device, insufficient adhesion strength of the coating film,
etc. Therefore, the purpose of this document is to provide a method for forming a lubricating film firmly
bonded to the base metal by a simple method.
This document specifies surface modification method by a combination of processes capable of quickly
processing with general purpose equipment in order to obtain excellent friction characteristics by a
method excellent in mass production.
v
© ISO 2022 – All rights reserved

---------------------- Page: 5 ----------------------
TECHNICAL SPECIFICATION ISO/DTS 24137:2022(E)
Plain bearings — Surface modification by press fitting solid
lubricants combined with micro dimple processing
1 Scope
This document specifies the method of surface modification that improves the friction characteristics
of plain bearings, by press fitting a solid lubricant onto the bearing metal surface mechanically in
combination with processing a lot of micro dimples on the surface.
2 Normative references
There are no normative references in this document.
3 Terms and definitions
For the purposes of this document, the following terms and definitions apply.
ISO and IEC maintain terminology databases for use in standardization at the following addresses:
— ISO Online browsing platform: available at https:// www .iso .org/ obp
— IEC Electropedia: available at https:// www .electropedia .org/
3.1
hybrid media
shot media having a surface modifying material attached to the media surface
Note 1 to entry: A shot media coated by carbon black is described in A.2 as an example of hybrid media.
3.2
Almen strip
rectangular metal strip used for evaluating the shot peening intensity
3.3
arc height
height of the arched deformation of an Almen strip
Note 1 to entry: An arc height shows the intensity of the shot peening and is expressed in millimetres.
4 Structure
The structure of the surface modified layer obtained by the surface modification method specified in
this document is shown in Figure 1. The thickness of the surface modified layer is several micro meters.
Dimensions such as the thickness of the surface modified layer and the diameter/depth/area ratio of
dimples are determined by the application and its operating conditions.
1
© ISO 2022 – All rights reserved

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ISO/DTS 24137:2022(E)
Key
1 modified layer
2 target material
h thickness of the surface modified layer
Figure 1 — Structure of surface modified layer
5 Materials
5.1 Target materials
The materials to be surface-modified by the method specified in this document shall be metal materials.
In particular, materials having high work hardening property are suitable. Typical such materials
include steel, aluminium alloy, titanium alloy, etc.
5.2 Solid lubricants
Typical solid lubricants used for the surface modification specified in this document are molybdenum
disulfide, graphite, carbon black, etc. Table 1 shows
...

ISO/DTS 24137:2022(E)
Style Definition: Heading 1: Indent: Left: 0 pt, First
line: 0 pt, Tab stops: Not at 21.6 pt
ISO TC 123/SC 7
Style Definition: Heading 2: Font: Bold, Tab stops: Not
Secretariat: JISC
at 18 pt
Date: 2022-10-1126
Style Definition: Heading 3: Font: Bold

Style Definition: Heading 4: Font: Bold
Plain bearings — Surface modification by press fitting solid lubricants combined with micro Style Definition: Heading 5: Font: Bold
dimple processing
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Style Definition: ANNEX
Style Definition: AMEND Terms Heading: Font: Bold
Style Definition: AMEND Heading 1 Unnumbered:
Font: Bold

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ISO/TS 24137:2022(E)
© ISO 2022
Commented [eXtyles1]: The reference is to a withdrawn
standard which has been replaced

All rights reserved. Unless otherwise specified, or required in the context of its implementation, no
ISO/IEC 2022, Information technology — Character code
part of this publication may be reproduced or utilized otherwise in any form or by any means,
structure and extension techniques
electronic or mechanical, including photocopying, or posting on the internet or an intranet, without
Formatted: Pattern: Clear
prior written permission. Permission can be requested from either ISO at the address below or
ISO’s member body in the country of the requester.
Formatted: Pattern: Clear
ISO copyright office
CP 401 • Ch. de Blandonnet 8
CH-1214 Vernier, Geneva
Phone: [phone]
Fax: [phone]
Email: [e-mail]
Website: www.iso.org
Published in Switzerland
ii © ISO 2022 – All rights reserved

---------------------- Page: 2 ----------------------
ISO/TS 24137:2022(E)
Contents
Foreword . iv
Introduction. v
1 Scope . 1
2 Normative references . 1
3 Terms and definitions . 1
4 Structure . 1
5 Materials . 2
5.1 Target materials . 2
5.2 Solid lubricants . 2
6 Process . 2
6.1 General . 2
6.2 Formation of dimples . 3
6.2.1 General . 3
6.2.2 Shot peening . 3
6.2.3 Interrupted micro cutting . 4
6.3 Supply of solid lubricant . 5
6.4 Press fitting of solid lubricant . 5
Annex A (informative) Test results . 7
A.1 Aluminium alloy surface modified by molybdenum disulfide . 7
A.1.1 Example of procedure of surface modification . 7
A.1.2 Example of friction characteristics . 7
A.2 Stainless steel surface modified by carbon black . 9
A.2.1 Example of procedure of surface modification . 9
A.2.2 Example of friction characteristics . 10
Bibliography . 12
© ISO 2022 – All rights reserved iii

---------------------- Page: 3 ----------------------
ISO/TS 24137:2022(E)
Foreword
ISO (the International Organization for Standardization) is a worldwide federation of national standards
bodies (ISO member bodies). The work of preparing International Standards is normally carried out
through ISO technical committees. Each member body interested in a subject for which a technical
committee has been established has the right to be represented on that committee. International
organizations, governmental and non-governmental, in liaison with ISO, also take part in the work. ISO
collaborates closely with the International Electrotechnical Commission (IEC) on all matters of
electrotechnical standardization.
The procedures used to develop this document and those intended for its further maintenance are
described in the ISO/IEC Directives, Part 1. In particular, the different approval criteria needed for the
different types of ISO documents should be noted. This document was drafted in accordance with the
editorial rules of the ISO/IEC Directives, Part 2 (see www.iso.org/directives).
Attention is drawn to the possibility that some of the elements of this document may be the subject of
patent rights. ISO shall not be held responsible for identifying any or all such patent rights. Details of any
patent rights identified during the development of the document will be in the Introduction and/or on
the ISO list of patent declarations received (see www.iso.org/patents).
Any trade name used in this document is information given for the convenience of users and does not
constitute an endorsement.
For an explanation of the voluntary nature of standards, the meaning of ISO specific terms and
expressions related to conformity assessment, as well as information about ISO's adherence to the World
Trade Organization (WTO) principles in the Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT), see
www.iso.org/iso/foreword.html.
This document was prepared by Technical Committee ISO/TC 123, Plain bearings, Subcommittee SC 7,
Special types of plain bearings.
Any feedback or questions on this document should be directed to the user’s national standards body. A
complete listing of these bodies can be found at www.iso.org/members.html.
iv © ISO 2022 – All rights reserved

---------------------- Page: 4 ----------------------
ISO/TS 24137:2022(E)
Introduction
As a general surface modification method, heat treatment such as carburizing or nitriding, hard film
coating by CVD (chemical vapour deposition (CVD) or PVD (physical vapour deposition (PVD), solid
lubricant coating using a resin binder, etc. are used. However, these conventional surface modification
methods have problems such as the need for a special device, insufficient adhesion strength of the coating
film, etc. Therefore, the purpose of this document is to provide a method for forming a lubricating film
firmly bonded to the base metal by a simple method.
This document specifies surface modification method by a combination of processes capable of quickly
processing with general purpose equipment in order to obtain excellent friction characteristics by a
method excellent in mass production.
© ISO 2022 – All rights reserved v

---------------------- Page: 5 ----------------------
TECHNICAL SPECIFICATION ISO/TS 24137:2022(E)

Plain bearings — Surface modification by press fitting solid
lubricants combined with micro dimple processing
1 Scope
This document specifies the method of surface modification that improves the friction characteristics of
plain bearings, by press fitting a solid lubricant onto the bearing metal surface mechanically in
combination with processing a lot of micro dimples on the surface.
2 Normative references
There are no normative references in this document.
3 Terms and definitions
For the purposes of this document, the following terms and definitions apply.
ISO and IEC maintain terminologicalterminology databases for use in standardization at the following
addresses:
— ISO Online browsing platform: available at https://www.iso.org/obphttps://www.iso.org/obp
Commented [eXtyles2]: URL Validation failed:
https://www.iso.org/obp returns an unknown connection
failure. (connection error "Error 12031:
— IEC Electropedia: available at https://www.electropedia.org/
ERROR_INTERNET_CONNECTION_RESET").
3.1
hybrid media
shot media having a surface modifying material attached to the media surface
Note 1 to entry: A shot media coated by carbon black is described in A.2 as an example of hybrid media.
Formatted: Pattern: Clear
3.2
Almen strip
Commented [eXtyles3]: The term "Almen strip" is used
only in terms and definitions section
rectangular metal strip used for evaluating the shot peeingpeening intensity
3.3
arc height
height of the arched deformation of an Almen strip
Note 1 to entry: ItAn arc height shows the intensity of the shot peening and is expressed in millimetres.
4 Structure
The structure of the surface modified layer obtained by the surface modification method specified in this
document is shown in Figure 1. The thickness of the surface modified layer is several micro meters.
Formatted: Pattern: Clear
© ISO 2022 – All rights reserved 1

---------------------- Page: 6 ----------------------
ISO/TS 24137:2022(E)
Dimensions such as the thickness of the surface modified layer and the diameter/depth/area ratio of
dimples are determined by the application and its operating conditions.
24137_ed1fig1.EPS

Key
1 modified layer
2 target material
h thickness of the surface modified layer
Figure 1 — Structure of surface modified layer
5 Materials
5.1 Target materials
The materials to be surface-modified by the method specified in this document shall be metal materials.
In particular, materials having high work hardening property are suitable. Typical such materials include
steel, aluminium alloy, titanium alloy, etc.
5.2 Solid lubricants
Typical solid lubricants used for the surface modification specified in this document are molybdenum
disulfide, graphite, carbon black, etc. Table 1 shows a typical combination of solid lubricant and target
Formatted: Pattern: Clear
material with their applications.
Table 1 — Typical combination of solid lubricant and target material, and their applications
Solid lubricant Target material Application
Molybdenum disulfide Steel, Aluminium alloy, etc. High load, Vacuumvacuum
Graphite Steel, etc. High temperature
Carbon black Steel, Titanium alloy, etc. Dry condition, Lowlow humidity
2 © ISO 2022 – All rights reserved

---------------------- Page: 7 ----------------------
ISO/TS 24137:2022(E)
6 Process
6.1 General
The surface modification process specified in this document should be based on a combination of
formation of dimples on the surface, supply of solid lubricant to the surface and press fi
...