ISO/TR 37178:2023
(Main)Smart community infrastructures — Data exchange and sharing for the lamppost network in smart community
Smart community infrastructures — Data exchange and sharing for the lamppost network in smart community
This document examines the lamppost network as an important smart community infrastructure from the perspective of data exchange and sharing, guided by ISO 37156 and ISO 37170.
Infrastructures urbaines intelligentes — Échange et partage des données pour le réseau d'éclairage public des communautés territoriales intelligentes
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TECHNICAL ISO/TR
REPORT 37178
First edition
2023-09
Smart community infrastructures —
Data exchange and sharing for
the lamppost network in smart
community
Infrastructures urbaines intelligentes — Échange et partage
des données pour le réseau d'éclairage public des communautés
territoriales intelligentes
Reference number
ISO/TR 37178:2023(E)
© ISO 2023
---------------------- Page: 1 ----------------------
ISO/TR 37178:2023(E)
COPYRIGHT PROTECTED DOCUMENT
© ISO 2023
All rights reserved. Unless otherwise specified, or required in the context of its implementation, no part of this publication may
be reproduced or utilized otherwise in any form or by any means, electronic or mechanical, including photocopying, or posting on
the internet or an intranet, without prior written permission. Permission can be requested from either ISO at the address below
or ISO’s member body in the country of the requester.
ISO copyright office
CP 401 • Ch. de Blandonnet 8
CH-1214 Vernier, Geneva
Phone: +41 22 749 01 11
Email: copyright@iso.org
Website: www.iso.org
Published in Switzerland
ii
© ISO 2023 – All rights reserved
---------------------- Page: 2 ----------------------
ISO/TR 37178:2023(E)
Contents Page
Foreword .iv
Introduction .v
1 Scope . 1
2 Normative references . 1
3 Terms and definitions . 1
4 Overview . 2
5 Principles for data exchange and sharing . 3
6 Data spectrum . 3
7 Data transmission . 3
7.1 Interfaces . 3
7.2 Data transmission . . 4
7.3 Data format and content . 4
8 Security and privacy issues .4
8.1 Security risk landscape. 4
8.2 Security strategy . 4
8.2.1 Accountability and responsibility . 4
8.2.2 Privacy . 4
Annex A (informative) Smart lamppost network use cases — Integrated nodes of
infrastructural data exchange and sharing . 6
Bibliography .11
iii
© ISO 2023 – All rights reserved
---------------------- Page: 3 ----------------------
ISO/TR 37178:2023(E)
Foreword
ISO (the International Organization for Standardization) is a worldwide federation of national standards
bodies (ISO member bodies). The work of preparing International Standards is normally carried out
through ISO technical committees. Each member body interested in a subject for which a technical
committee has been established has the right to be represented on that committee. International
organizations, governmental and non-governmental, in liaison with ISO, also take part in the work.
ISO collaborates closely with the International Electrotechnical Commission (IEC) on all matters of
electrotechnical standardization.
The procedures used to develop this document and those intended for its further maintenance are
described in the ISO/IEC Directives, Part 1. In particular, the different approval criteria needed for the
different types of ISO document should be noted. This document was drafted in accordance with the
editorial rules of the ISO/IEC Directives, Part 2 (see www.iso.org/directives).
ISO draws attention to the possibility that the implementation of this document may involve the use
of (a) patent(s). ISO takes no position concerning the evidence, validity or applicability of any claimed
patent rights in respect thereof. As of the date of publication of this document, ISO had not received
notice of (a) patent(s) which may be required to implement this document. However, implementers are
cautioned that this may not represent the latest information, which may be obtained from the patent
database available at www.iso.org/patents. ISO shall not be held responsible for identifying any or all
such patent rights.
Any trade name used in this document is information given for the convenience of users and does not
constitute an endorsement.
For an explanation of the voluntary nature of standards, the meaning of ISO specific terms and
expressions related to conformity assessment, as well as information about ISO’s adherence to
the World Trade Organization (WTO) principles in the Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT), see
www.iso.org/iso/foreword.html.
This document was prepared by Technical Committee ISO/TC 268, Sustainable cities and communities,
Subcommittee SC 1, Smart community infrastructures.
Any feedback or questions on this document should be directed to the user’s national standards body. A
complete listing of these bodies can be found at www.iso.org/members.html.
iv
© ISO 2023 – All rights reserved
---------------------- Page: 4 ----------------------
ISO/TR 37178:2023(E)
Introduction
ISO 37156 and ISO 37170 give guidelines on principles and the framework for data exchange and
sharing to entities having authority to develop and operate community infrastructure.
Guided by the principles given in ISO 37156 and ISO 37170, this document examines the needs and
model of data exchange and sharing for the lamppost network as an important type of smart community
infrastructure, which is of special importance to the general robustness of smart community
infrastructures.
v
© ISO 2023 – All rights reserved
---------------------- Page: 5 ----------------------
TECHNICAL REPORT ISO/TR 37178:2023(E)
Smart community infrastructures — Data exchange and
sharing for the lamppost network in smart community
1 Scope
This document examines the lamppost network as an important smart community infrastructure from
the perspective of data exchange and sharing, guided by ISO 37156 and ISO 37170.
2 Normative references
There are no normative references in this document.
3 Terms and definitions
For the purposes of this document, the following terms and definitions apply.
ISO and IEC maintain terminology databases for use in standardization at the following addresses:
— ISO Online browsing platform: available at https:// www .iso .org/ obp
— IEC Electropedia: available at https:// www .electropedia .org/
3.1
community infrastructure
systems of facilities, equipment and services that support the operations and activities of communities
Note 1 to entry: Such community infrastructures include, but are not limited to, energy, water, transportation,
waste and information and communication technologies (ICT).
[SOURCE: ISO 37100:2016, 3.6.1]
3.2
data exchange
accessing, transferring and archiving of data
[SOURCE: ISO 37156:2020, 3.3.5]
3.3
data sharing
providing shared, exchangeable and extensible data to enable community infrastructure (3.1)
[SOURCE: ISO 37156:2020, 3.3.6]
3.4
data spectrum
differentiation of data assets on the basis of whether they are considered closed, shareable or open
[SOURCE: BSI PAS 183:2017]
3.5
smart community infrastructure
community infrastructure (3.1) with enhanced technological performance that is designed, operated
and maintained to contribute to sustainable development and resilience of the community
[SOURCE: ISO 37100:2016, 3.6.2, modified — Notes to entry deleted.]
1
© ISO 2023 – All rights reserved
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ISO/TR 37178:2023(E)
4 Overview
The lamppost network described in this document is based on the traditional physical structures of the
streetlights system, which is definitely an important type of smart community infrastructure, visible
and touchable in daily life, forming a widespread network of electrified points around a city with
relatively close distances where traditional communication and internet of things (IoT) technology
devices can be hosted and interconnected easily. The characteristics of the lamppost network give it
great potential to become carrier of information flow cantered on data exchange and sharing across a
community, apart from merely supporting street lighting.
Data exchange and sharing for the smart lamppost network generally contains three functional blocks,
gathering, processing and sharing, as shown by Figure 1.
Figure 1 — Overview of data exchange and sharing of the smart lamppost network
The smart lamppost network gathers data through sensing devices built in luminaires, or attached to
the supporting poles, which are a convenient choice for data gathering. In addition to this, data are also
collected through other channels linked to the lamppost network. Collected by individual lampposts,
the data are brought together into cloud-based data centre through a transmission network, and are
cleansed, structured and coded before being exchanged and shared for multiples purposes. Some data
can also be used locally or pre-processed locally.
[6]
According to ITU-T Y.4458 , data exchanged and shared by the smart lamppost network supports a
range of meaningful services, which includes:
a) weather-related sensing;
b) illumination intensity sensing;
c) traffic flow monitoring;
d) infrared sensing;
e) Wi-Fi services;
f) air quality sensing;
2
© ISO 2023 – All rights reserved
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ISO/TR 37178:2023(E)
g) electric vehicle (EV) charging;
h) advertising platforms;
i) over-the-air (OTA) firmware upgrades.
See Annex A for examples of use cases in different regions.
5 Principles for data exchange and sharing
For the purposes of effective data exchange and sharing for the smart lamppost network, guided by
relevant provisions given in ISO 37156, the following principles can be considered:
a) The data gathered by the smart lamppost network are accessible with sufficient security measures
in place.
b) The operator in charge of the smart lamppost network maintenance and operation maintains a
catalogue of the data types within its ownership that are available for exchange and sharing, and
periodically updates this catalogue.
c) The integrity of the data meets minimum requirements for exchange and sharing.
d) The entire process of data exchange and sharing meets corresponding national and industrial
regulations.
e) The entire process of data exchange and sharing ensures the interoperability and compatibility
between hardware and software products that are developed under a common framework.
6 Data spectrum
The data spectrum for the lamppost network is determined by security, access and control requirements.
It also depends on the nature of the entities providing data.
The majority of the data described by this document belong to the categories of shared data and open
data, as given in ISO 37156.
7 Data transmission
7.1 Interfaces
The smart lamppost network combines a range of sensing facilities, supported by appropriate types
of interfaces for the purpose of data transmission. Table 1 shows the mainstream interfaces and
transmission manners applicable to transmission processes between lamppost terminals and a cloud
platform at the local level.
Table 1 — Interfaces for data transmission
Functionality Interface (recommended) Transmission manner
DALI D4i, RS485, NEMA standard
Smart/adaptive lighting Wired/wireless
0V to 10V, PWM output
Ethernet/EMVA, GigE, USB, GeniCAM/
Video surveillance Wired/wireless
JSON
WLAN Ethernet /Wi-Fi/5G Wired/wireless
Broadcast Ethernet /Wi-Fi/5G Wired/wireless
Radio detection Ether
...
© ISO 2023 – All rights reserved
ISO/DTR 37178:####(X:2023(E)
Date: 2023-04-28
ISO/TC 268/SC 1WG1/WG 4
Secretariat: XXXXJISC
Smart community infrastructures- data — Data exchange and
sharing for the lamppost network in smart community
---------------------- Page: 1 ----------------------
ISO/DTR 37178:2023(E)
© ISO 2023
All rights reserved. Unless otherwise specified, or required in the context of its implementation, no part of
this publication may be reproduced or utilized otherwise in any form or by any means, electronic or
mechanical, including photocopying, or posting on the internet or an intranet, without prior written
permission. Permission can be requested from either ISO at the address below or ISO’s member body in the
country of the requester.
ISO Copyright Office
CP 401 • CH-1214 Vernier, Geneva
Phone: + 41 22 749 01 11
Email: copyright@iso.org
Website: www.iso.org
Published in Switzerland.
ii © ISO 2023 – All rights reserved
---------------------- Page: 2 ----------------------
ISO/DTR 37178:2023(E)
Contents
Foreword . iv
Introduction . v
1 Scope . 1
2 Normative references . 1
3 Terms and definitions . 1
4 Overview . 2
5 Principles for data exchange and sharing . 3
6 Data spectrum . 3
7 Data transmission . 4
7.1 Interfaces . 4
7.2 Data transmission . 4
7.3 Data format and content . 4
8 Security and privacy issues . 5
8.1 Security risk landscape. 5
8.2 Security strategy . 5
8.2.1 Accountability and responsibility . 5
8.2.2 Privacy . 5
Annex A (informative) Smart lamppost network use cases — Integrated nodes of
infrastructural data exchange and sharing . 7
Bibliography . 15
© ISO 2023 – All rights reserved iii
---------------------- Page: 3 ----------------------
ISO/DTR 37178:2023(E)
Foreword
ISO (the International Organization for Standardization) is a worldwide federation of national standards
bodies (ISO member bodies). The work of preparing International Standards is normally carried out
through ISO technical committees. Each member body interested in a subject for which a technical
committee has been established has the right to be represented on that committee. International
organizations, governmental and non-governmental, in liaison with ISO, also take part in the work. ISO
collaborates closely with the International Electrotechnical Commission (IEC) on all matters of
electrotechnical standardization.
The procedures used to develop this document and those intended for its further maintenance are
described in the ISO/IEC Directives, Part 1. In particular, the different approval criteria needed for the
different types of ISO documentsdocument should be noted. This document was drafted in accordance
with the editorial rules of the ISO/IEC Directives, Part 2 (see www.iso.org/directives).
Attention is drawnISO draws attention to the possibility that some of the elementsimplementation of this
document may beinvolve the subjectuse of (a) patent(s). ISO takes no position concerning the evidence,
validity or applicability of any claimed patent rights in respect thereof. As of the date of publication of
this document, ISO had not received notice of (a) patent(s) which may be required to implement this
document. However, implementers are cautioned that this may not represent the latest information,
which may be obtained from the patent database available at www.iso.org/patents. ISO shall not be held
responsible for identifying any or all such patent rights. Details of any patent rights identified during the
development of the document will be in the Introduction and/or on the ISO list of patent declarations
received (see ).
Any trade name used in this document is information given for the convenience of users and does not
constitute an endorsement.
For an explanation of the voluntary nature of standards, the meaning of ISO specific terms and
expressions related to conformity assessment, as well as information about ISO’s adherence to the World
Trade Organization (WTO) principles in the Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT), see
www.iso.org/iso/foreword.html.
This document was prepared by Technical Committee ISO/TC 268, Sustainable cities and communities],,
Subcommittee SC 1, Smart community infrastructures.
Any feedback or questions on this document should be directed to the user’s national standards body. A
complete listing of these bodies can be found at www.iso.org/members.html.
iv © ISO 2023 – All rights reserved
---------------------- Page: 4 ----------------------
ISO/DTR 37178:2023(E)
Introduction
The ISO 37156 “Guidelines on Data Exchange and Sharing for Smart Community Infrastructures” , gives
guidelines on principles and the framework for data exchange and sharing to entities having authority to
develop and operate Community Infrastructure. community infrastructure.
Guided by the principles set forth bygiven in ISO 37156, this TR studiesdocument examines the
needneeds and model of data exchange and sharing for the lamppost network as an important type of
smart community infrastructure, which is of special importance to the general robustness of smart
community infrastructures.
© ISO 2023 – All rights reserved v
---------------------- Page: 5 ----------------------
DRAFT TECHNICAL REPORT ISO/DTR 37178:2023(E)
Smart community infrastructures- data — Data exchange and
sharing for the lamppost network in smart community
1 Scope
This document addressesexamines the lamppost network as an important smart community
infrastructure from the perspective of data exchange and sharing, guided by ISO 37156 and ISO 37170.
2 Normative references
There are no normative references in this document.
3 Terms and definitions
For the purposes of this document, the following terms and definitions apply.
ISO and IEC maintain terminology databases for use in standardization at the following addresses:
— ISO Online browsing platform: available at https://www.iso.org/obp
— IEC Electropedia: available at https://www.electropedia.org/
3.1
community infrastructure
systems of facilities, equipment and services that support the operations and activities of communities
Note 1 to entry: suchSuch community infrastructures include, but are not limited to, energy, water, transportation,
waste and information. and communication technologies (ICT).
[SOURCE: ISO 37100:2016, 3.6.1]
3.2
data exchange
accessing, transferring and archiving of data
[SOURCE: ISO 37156:2020, 3.3.5]
3.3
data sharing
providing shared, exchangeable and extensible data to enable community infrastructure (3.1)
[SOURCE: ISO 37156:2020, 3.3.6]
3.4
data spectrum
differentiation of data assets on the basis of whether they are considered closed, shareable or open
© ISO 2023 – All rights reserved 1
---------------------- Page: 6 ----------------------
ISO/DTR 37178:2023(E)
[SOURCE: BSI PAS 183:2017]
3.5
smart community infrastructure
community infrastructure (3.1) with enhanced technological performance that is designed, operated and
maintained to contribute to sustainable development and resilience of the community
[SOURCE: ISO 37100:2016, 3.6.2, modified –— Notes to entry removed]deleted.]
4 Overview
The lamppost network dealt withdescribed in this document is based on the traditional physical
structures of the streetlights system, which is definitely an important type of smart community
infrastructure, visible and touchable in daily life, forming a wide-spreadwidespread network of
electrified points around thea city inwith relatively close distances where traditional communication and
internet of things (IoT) technology devices can be hosted and interconnected easily. The characteristics
of the lamppost network give it great potential to become carrier of information flow cantered on data
exchange and sharing across a community, apart from merely supporting street lighting.
Data exchange and sharing for Thethe smart lamppost network generally contains 3three functional
blocks, gathering, processing, and sharing, as givenshown by Figure 1.
Figure 1 — Overview of data exchange and sharing of the smart lamppost network
The smart lamppost network gathers data through sensing devices built in luminaires, or attached to the
supporting poles, which are quitea convenient choice for data gatherings; apart from gathering. In
addition to this, data willare also be collected through other channels linked to the lamppost network.
Collected by individual lampposts, the data is to be converged toare brought together into cloud-based
data centre through a transmission network, and is to beare cleansed, structured, and coded before being
2 © ISO 2023 – All rights reserved
---------------------- Page: 7 ----------------------
ISO/DTR 37178:2023(E)
exchanged and shared for multiples purposes. Some data maycan also be used locally or pre-processed
locally.
[6]
According to ITU-T Y.4458, , data exchanged and shared by the smart lamppost network is to
supportsupports a range of meaningful services, which may includeincludes:
a) weather-related sensing;
b) illumination intensity sensing;
c) traffic flow monitoring;
d) infrared sensing;
e) WiFi service Wi-Fi services;
f) air quality sensing;
g) electric vehicle (EV) charging;
h) advertising platform platforms;
i) overThe Air-the-air (OTA) firmware upgradeupgrades.
See Annex A for severalexamples of use cases in different regions.
5 Principles for data exchange and sharing
For the purposepurposes of effective data exchange and sharing for the smart lamppost network, guided
by relevant provisions pergiven in ISO 37156, the following principles arecan be considered:
a) The data concernedgathered by the smart lamppost network isare accessible with sufficient security
measures in place.
b) The operator in charge of the smart lamppost network maintenance and operation maintains a
catalogue of the data types within theirits ownership that are available for exchange and sharing, and
refresh up the catalogue periodically; updates this catalogue.
c) IntegrityThe integrity of the data is to meetmeets minimum requirements for exchange and sharing;.
d) The entire process of data exchange and sharing meets corresponding national and industrial
regulations;.
e) The entire process of data exchange and sharing ensures the interoperability and compatibility
between hardware and software products that will beare developed under a common framework.
6 Data spectrum
The data spectrum for the lamppost network is ascertaineddetermined by security, access and control
requirements, it. It also depends on the nature of the entities providing entitiesdata.
The majority of the data concerned indescribed by this report fall intodocument belong to the categories
of shared data and open data per , as given in ISO 37156.
© ISO 2023 – All rights reserved 3
---------------------- Page: 8 ----------------------
ISO/DTR 37178:2023(E)
7 Data transmission
7.1 Interfaces
The smart lamppost network combines a range of sensing facilities, supported by appropriate types of
interfaces for the purpose of data transmission. Table 1 shows the mainstream interfaces and
transmission manners, applicable to the transmission processes between lamppost terminals and a cloud
platform at athe local level.
Table 1 — Interfaces for data transmission
Functionality Interface (recommended) Transmission manner
DALI D4i ,, RS485, NEMA standard
Smart/adaptive lighting Wired / Wireless/wireless
0-0V to 10V, PWM output
Ethernet / /EMVA, GigE, USB,
Video surveillance Wired /Wireless/wireless
GeniCAM/JSON
WLAN Ethernet /WiFiWi-Fi/5G Wired /Wireless/wireless
Broadcast Ethernet /WiFiWi-Fi/5G Wired /Wireless/wireless
Radio detection Ethernet /WiFiWi-Fi/5G Wired / Wireless/wireless
7.2 Data transmission
As a common practice, the data isare transmitted in frames comprised ofcomprising a certain number of
bytes as the basic units. Frames are generally transmitted in the Open Systems Interconnection (OSI)
reference model defined by ISO 7498-1, characterized by 7a seven-layer stratification. In the case of the
lamppost network, for the objective of acquiring a quick response with limited bandwidth, an enhanced
performance architecture (EPA) is applied, which adopts a 3three-layer model containing only physical,
data link, and application.
7.3 Data format and content
Formats of data exchanged and shared related to the lamppost network include Character: character (C),
Numericnumeric (N), Timetime (T), String) and string (S), as shown byin Table 2. The Data is
basicallydata are stored in XML.
Table 1 — Data formats
Type Explanation
Value expressed in form of character. C plus natural number (eg. C6)
C
refers to long string of character
Value expressed in form of calculable decimal number. N plus
N
natural number (eg. N4) refers to fixed length number
Expression of time. Typically in the form of YYYYMMDDhhmmss. T
T plus 4, 6, 8,10,12 refers to different timing precision, T4 refers to
year; T6 refers to year and month ……
S S refers to unfixed length text
4 © ISO 2023 – All rights reserved
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ISO/DTR 37178:2023(E)
B Binary
DataThe data structure is open source and standardized and open sourced in order toso it can be adopted
and applied by all hardware and software manufacturers to ensure the interoperability of the smart city
infrastructure.
Table 2 — Data formats
Type Explanation
Value expressed in the form of a character.
C
C plus a natural number (e.g. C6) refers to a long string of characters.
Value expressed in the form of a calculable decimal number.
N
N plus a natural number (e.g. N4) refers to a fixed length number.
Expression of time. Typically in the form of YYYYMMDDhhmmss.
T
T plus 4, 6, 8, 10, 12 refers to different timing precisions: T4 refers to year, T6 refers to year and
month, etc.
S S refers to text of unfixed length.
B Binary
8 Security and privacy issues
8.1 Security risk landscape
The operators of lamppost networknetworks in smart cities are expected to keep clear awarenessbe
aware of the risk landscape that amounts to security pitfalls if without effective mitigation measures.
According to ISO 37156, the security risk is generally related to loss of confidentiality, availability, safety,
resilience, possession, authenticity, utility and/or integrity of data, which asks forand requires sufficient
security measures.
8.2 Security strategy
8.2.1 Accountability and responsibility
DataThe data provider maintains a catalogue of the data types within theirits ownership that are
available for exchange and sharing, and is held accountable for ensuring that data collection, exchange
and sharing processes are implemented in a consistent manner across the lamppost network.
8.2.2 Privacy
Privacy issues are generally addressed as follows:
a) The acquisition, storage and utilization of data complies with the basic principles of national laws
and regulations on the protection of residents’ personal information and data, processed in
accordance with the rights of individual residen
...
FINAL
TECHNICAL ISO/DTR
DRAFT
REPORT 37178
ISO/TC 268/SC 1
Smart community infrastructures —
Secretariat: JISC
Data exchange and sharing for
Voting begins on:
2023-05-16 the lamppost network in smart
community
Voting terminates on:
2023-07-11
RECIPIENTS OF THIS DRAFT ARE INVITED TO
SUBMIT, WITH THEIR COMMENTS, NOTIFICATION
OF ANY RELEVANT PATENT RIGHTS OF WHICH
THEY ARE AWARE AND TO PROVIDE SUPPOR TING
DOCUMENTATION.
IN ADDITION TO THEIR EVALUATION AS
Reference number
BEING ACCEPTABLE FOR INDUSTRIAL, TECHNO-
ISO/DTR 37178:2023(E)
LOGICAL, COMMERCIAL AND USER PURPOSES,
DRAFT INTERNATIONAL STANDARDS MAY ON
OCCASION HAVE TO BE CONSIDERED IN THE
LIGHT OF THEIR POTENTIAL TO BECOME STAN-
DARDS TO WHICH REFERENCE MAY BE MADE IN
NATIONAL REGULATIONS. © ISO 2023
---------------------- Page: 1 ----------------------
ISO/DTR 37178:2023(E)
FINAL
TECHNICAL ISO/DTR
DRAFT
REPORT 37178
ISO/TC 268/SC 1
Smart community infrastructures —
Secretariat: JISC
Data exchange and sharing for
Voting begins on:
the lamppost network in smart
community
Voting terminates on:
COPYRIGHT PROTECTED DOCUMENT
© ISO 2023
All rights reserved. Unless otherwise specified, or required in the context of its implementation, no part of this publication may
be reproduced or utilized otherwise in any form or by any means, electronic or mechanical, including photocopying, or posting on
the internet or an intranet, without prior written permission. Permission can be requested from either ISO at the address below
or ISO’s member body in the country of the requester.
RECIPIENTS OF THIS DRAFT ARE INVITED TO
ISO copyright office
SUBMIT, WITH THEIR COMMENTS, NOTIFICATION
OF ANY RELEVANT PATENT RIGHTS OF WHICH
CP 401 • Ch. de Blandonnet 8
THEY ARE AWARE AND TO PROVIDE SUPPOR TING
CH-1214 Vernier, Geneva
DOCUMENTATION.
Phone: +41 22 749 01 11
IN ADDITION TO THEIR EVALUATION AS
Reference number
Email: copyright@iso.org
BEING ACCEPTABLE FOR INDUSTRIAL, TECHNO
ISO/DTR 37178:2023(E)
Website: www.iso.org
LOGICAL, COMMERCIAL AND USER PURPOSES,
DRAFT INTERNATIONAL STANDARDS MAY ON
Published in Switzerland
OCCASION HAVE TO BE CONSIDERED IN THE
LIGHT OF THEIR POTENTIAL TO BECOME STAN
DARDS TO WHICH REFERENCE MAY BE MADE IN
ii
© ISO 2023 – All rights reserved
NATIONAL REGULATIONS. © ISO 2023
---------------------- Page: 2 ----------------------
ISO/DTR 37178:2023(E)
Contents Page
Foreword .iv
Introduction .v
1 Scope . 1
2 Normative references . 1
3 Terms and definitions . 1
4 Overview . 2
5 Principles for data exchange and sharing . 3
6 Data spectrum . 3
7 Data transmission . 3
7.1 Interfaces . 3
7.2 Data transmission . . 4
7.3 Data format and content . 4
8 Security and privacy issues .4
8.1 Security risk landscape. 4
8.2 Security strategy . 4
8.2.1 Accountability and responsibility . 4
8.2.2 Privacy . 4
Annex A (informative) Smart lamppost network use cases — Integrated nodes of
infrastructural data exchange and sharing . 6
Bibliography .11
iii
© ISO 2023 – All rights reserved
---------------------- Page: 3 ----------------------
ISO/DTR 37178:2023(E)
Foreword
ISO (the International Organization for Standardization) is a worldwide federation of national standards
bodies (ISO member bodies). The work of preparing International Standards is normally carried out
through ISO technical committees. Each member body interested in a subject for which a technical
committee has been established has the right to be represented on that committee. International
organizations, governmental and non-governmental, in liaison with ISO, also take part in the work.
ISO collaborates closely with the International Electrotechnical Commission (IEC) on all matters of
electrotechnical standardization.
The procedures used to develop this document and those intended for its further maintenance are
described in the ISO/IEC Directives, Part 1. In particular, the different approval criteria needed for the
different types of ISO document should be noted. This document was drafted in accordance with the
editorial rules of the ISO/IEC Directives, Part 2 (see www.iso.org/directives).
ISO draws attention to the possibility that the implementation of this document may involve the use
of (a) patent(s). ISO takes no position concerning the evidence, validity or applicability of any claimed
patent rights in respect thereof. As of the date of publication of this document, ISO had not received
notice of (a) patent(s) which may be required to implement this document. However, implementers are
cautioned that this may not represent the latest information, which may be obtained from the patent
database available at www.iso.org/patents. ISO shall not be held responsible for identifying any or all
such patent rights.
Any trade name used in this document is information given for the convenience of users and does not
constitute an endorsement.
For an explanation of the voluntary nature of standards, the meaning of ISO specific terms and
expressions related to conformity assessment, as well as information about ISO’s adherence to
the World Trade Organization (WTO) principles in the Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT), see
www.iso.org/iso/foreword.html.
This document was prepared by Technical Committee ISO/TC 268, Sustainable cities and communities,
Subcommittee SC 1, Smart community infrastructures.
Any feedback or questions on this document should be directed to the user’s national standards body. A
complete listing of these bodies can be found at www.iso.org/members.html.
iv
© ISO 2023 – All rights reserved
---------------------- Page: 4 ----------------------
ISO/DTR 37178:2023(E)
Introduction
ISO 37156 gives guidelines on principles and the framework for data exchange and sharing to entities
having authority to develop and operate community infrastructure.
Guided by the principles given in ISO 37156, this document examines the needs and model of data
exchange and sharing for the lamppost network as an important type of smart community infrastructure,
which is of special importance to the general robustness of smart community infrastructures.
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TECHNICAL REPORT ISO/DTR 37178:2023(E)
Smart community infrastructures — Data exchange and
sharing for the lamppost network in smart community
1 Scope
This document examines the lamppost network as an important smart community infrastructure from
the perspective of data exchange and sharing, guided by ISO 37156 and ISO 37170.
2 Normative references
There are no normative references in this document.
3 Terms and definitions
For the purposes of this document, the following terms and definitions apply.
ISO and IEC maintain terminology databases for use in standardization at the following addresses:
— ISO Online browsing platform: available at https:// www .iso .org/ obp
— IEC Electropedia: available at https:// www .electropedia .org/
3.1
community infrastructure
systems of facilities, equipment and services that support the operations and activities of communities
Note 1 to entry: Such community infrastructures include, but are not limited to, energy, water, transportation,
waste and information and communication technologies (ICT).
[SOURCE: ISO 37100:2016, 3.6.1]
3.2
data exchange
accessing, transferring and archiving of data
[SOURCE: ISO 37156:2020, 3.3.5]
3.3
data sharing
providing shared, exchangeable and extensible data to enable community infrastructure (3.1)
[SOURCE: ISO 37156:2020, 3.3.6]
3.4
data spectrum
differentiation of data assets on the basis of whether they are considered closed, shareable or open
[SOURCE: BSI PAS 183:2017]
3.5
smart community infrastructure
community infrastructure (3.1) with enhanced technological performance that is designed, operated
and maintained to contribute to sustainable development and resilience of the community
[SOURCE: ISO 37100:2016, 3.6.2, modified — Notes to entry deleted.]
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ISO/DTR 37178:2023(E)
4 Overview
The lamppost network described in this document is based on the traditional physical structures of the
streetlights system, which is definitely an important type of smart community infrastructure, visible
and touchable in daily life, forming a widespread network of electrified points around a city with
relatively close distances where traditional communication and internet of things (IoT) technology
devices can be hosted and interconnected easily. The characteristics of the lamppost network give it
great potential to become carrier of information flow cantered on data exchange and sharing across a
community, apart from merely supporting street lighting.
Data exchange and sharing for the smart lamppost network generally contains three functional blocks,
gathering, processing and sharing, as shown by Figure 1.
Figure 1 — Overview of data exchange and sharing of the smart lamppost network
The smart lamppost network gathers data through sensing devices built in luminaires, or attached to
the supporting poles, which are a convenient choice for data gathering. In addition to this, data are also
collected through other channels linked to the lamppost network. Collected by individual lampposts,
the data are brought together into cloud-based data centre through a transmission network, and are
cleansed, structured and coded before being exchanged and shared for multiples purposes. Some data
can also be used locally or pre-processed locally.
[6]
According to ITUT Y.4458 , data exchanged and shared by the smart lamppost network supports a
range of meaningful services, which includes:
a) weatherrelated sensing;
b) illumination intensity sensing;
c) traffic flow monitoring;
d) infrared sensing;
e) WiFi services;
f) air quality sensing;
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ISO/DTR 37178:2023(E)
g) electric vehicle (EV) charging;
h) advertising platforms;
i) over-the-air (OTA) firmware upgrades.
See Annex A for examples of use cases in different regions.
5 Principles for data exchange and sharing
For the purposes of effective data exchange and sharing for the smart lamppost network, guided by
relevant provisions given in ISO 37156, the following principles can be considered:
a) The data gathered by the smart lamppost network are accessible with sufficient security measures
in place.
b) The operator in charge of the smart lamppost network maintenance and operation maintains a
catalogue of the data types within its ownership that are available for exchange and sharing, and
periodically updates this catalogue.
c) The integrity of the data meets minimum requirements for exchange and sharing.
d) The entire process of data exchange and sharing meets corresponding national and industrial
regulations.
e) The entire process of data exchange and sharing ensures the interoperability and compatibility
between hardware and software products that are developed under a common framework.
6 Data spectrum
The data spectrum for the lamppost network is determined by security, access and control requirements.
It also depends on the nature of the entities providing data.
The majority of the data described by this document belong to the categories of shared data and open
data, as given in ISO 37156.
7 Data tran
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