ISO/TS 14907-1:2005

Road transport and traffic telematics — Electronic fee collection — Test procedures for user and fixed equipment — Part 1: Description of test procedures

ISO/TS 14907-1:2005 specifies the test procedures of EFC road-side equipment (RSE) and on-board equipment (OBE) with regard to the conformance to standards and requirements for type approval and acceptance testing which is specifically within the realm of EFC application. The scope of ISO/TS 14907-1:2005 is restricted to systems operating within the radio emission, EMC regulations, traffic and other regulations of the countries in which they are operated. ISO/TS 14907-1:2005 identifies a set of suitable parameters and provides test procedures to enable the proof of a complete EFC system as well as components of an EFC system, e.g. OBE related to the defined requirements of an application. The defined parameter and tests are assigned to the following parameter groups: Functionality; Quality; Referenced pre-tests.

Télématique de la circulation et du transport routier — Perception du télépéage — Modes opératoires relatifs aux équipements embarqués et aux équipements fixes — Partie 1: Description des modes opératoires

General Information

• Status: Withdrawn
• Publication Date: 10-Mar-2005
• Withdrawal Date: 10-Mar-2005
• ICS: 35.240.60 - IT applications in transport
• ICS: 43.040.15 - Car informatics. On board computer systems
• Technical Committee: ISO/TC 204 - Intelligent transport systems
• Drafting Committee: ISO/TC 204/WG 5 - Fee and toll collection
• Current Stage: 9599 - Withdrawal of International Standard
• Completion Date: 31-May-2010

Relations

• Revised: ISO/TS 14907-1:2010 - Electronic fee collection — Test procedures for user and fixed equipment — Part 1: Description of test procedures
• Effective Date: 28-Aug-2008
• Consolidates: ISO/TR 14032:1999 - Environmental management — Examples of environmental performance evaluation (EPE)
• Effective Date: 06-Jun-2022

Standards Content (Sample)

TECHNICAL ISO/TS
SPECIFICATION 14907-1
First edition
2005-02-15

Road transport and traffic telematics —
Electronic fee collection — Test
procedures for user and fixed
equipment —
Part 1:
Description of test procedures
Télématique de la circulation et du transport routier -— Perception du
télépéage — Modes opératoires relatifs aux équipements embarqués et
aux équipements fixes —
Partie 1: Description des modes opératoires




Reference number
ISO/TS 14907-1:2005(E)
©
ISO 2005

---------------------- Page: 1 ----------------------
ISO/TS 14907-1:2005(E)
PDF disclaimer
This PDF file may contain embedded typefaces. In accordance with Adobe's licensing policy, this file may be printed or viewed but
shall not be edited unless the typefaces which are embedded are licensed to and installed on the computer performing the editing. In
downloading this file, parties accept therein the responsibility of not infringing Adobe's licensing policy. The ISO Central Secretariat
accepts no liability in this area.
Adobe is a trademark of Adobe Systems Incorporated.
Details of the software products used to create this PDF file can be found in the General Info relative to the file; the PDF-creation
parameters were optimized for printing. Every care has been taken to ensure that the file is suitable for use by ISO member bodies. In
the unlikely event that a problem relating to it is found, please inform the Central Secretariat at the address given below.


©  ISO 2005
All rights reserved. Unless otherwise specified, no part of this publication may be reproduced or utilized in any form or by any means,
electronic or mechanical, including photocopying and microfilm, without permission in writing from either ISO at the address below or
ISO's member body in the country of the requester.
ISO copyright office
Case postale 56 • CH-1211 Geneva 20
Tel. + 41 22 749 01 11
Fax + 41 22 749 09 47
E-mail [e-mail]
Web www.iso.org
Published in Switzerland

ii © ISO 2005 – All rights reserved

---------------------- Page: 2 ----------------------
ISO/TS 14907-1:2005(E)
Foreword
ISO (the International Organization for Standardization) is a worldwide federation of national standards bodies
(ISO member bodies). The work of preparing International Standards is normally carried out through ISO
technical committees. Each member body interested in a subject for which a technical committee has been
established has the right to be represented on that committee. International organizations, governmental and
non-governmental, in liaison with ISO, also take part in the work. ISO collaborates closely with the
International Electrotechnical Commission (IEC) on all matters of electrotechnical standardization.
International Standards are drafted in accordance with the rules given in the ISO/IEC Directives, Part 2.
The main task of technical committees is to prepare International Standards. Draft International Standards
adopted by the technical committees are circulated to the member bodies for voting. Publication as an
International Standard requires approval by at least 75 % of the member bodies casting a vote.
In other circumstances, particularly when there is an urgent market requirement for such documents, a
technical committee may decide to publish other types of normative document:
— an ISO Publicly Available Specification (ISO/PAS) represents an agreement between technical experts in
an ISO working group and is accepted for publication if it is approved by more than 50 % of the members
of the parent committee casting a vote;
— an ISO Technical Specification (ISO/TS) represents an agreement between the members of a technical
committee and is accepted for publication if it is approved by 2/3 of the members of the committee
casting a vote.
An ISO/PAS or ISO/TS is reviewed after three years in order to decide whether it will be confirmed for a
further three years, revised to become an International Standard, or withdrawn. If the ISO/PAS or ISO/TS is
confirmed, it is reviewed again after a further three years, at which time it must either be transformed into an
International Standard or be withdrawn.
Attention is drawn to the possibility that some of the elements of this document may be the subject of patent
rights. ISO shall not be held responsible for identifying any or all such patent rights.
ISO/TS 14907-1 was prepared by the European Committee for Standardization (CEN) in collaboration with
Technical Committee ISO/TC 204, Intelligent transport systems, in accordance with the Agreement on
technical cooperation between ISO and CEN (Vienna Agreement).
Throughout the text of this document, read “.this European pre-Standard.” to mean “.this Technical
Specification.”.
ISO/TS 14907 consists of the following parts, under the general title Road transport and traffic telematics —
Electronic fee collection — Test procedures for user and fixed equipment:
— Part 1: Description of test procedures
The following parts are under preparation:
— Part 2: EFC application interface conformance tests specification

© ISO 2005 – All rights reserved iii

---------------------- Page: 3 ----------------------
ISO/TS 14907-1:2005(E)


Contents
page
Foreword.v
Introduction.vi
1 Scope.1
2 Normative references.4
3 Terms and definitions .4
4 Abbreviations.6
5 Test parameters and test procedures for EFC .7
6 Inspection and tests.18
7 Evaluation and certification .29
Annex A (informative)  How to use this Technical Specification .31
Annex B (informative)  Traffic, vehicle and other performance tests.33
Annex C (informative)  Reliability/availability tests .54
Annex D (informative)  Classes of equipment.60
Annex E (informative)  Examples for statistical calculations .62
Annex F (informative)  Examples of referenced pre-tests based on European test procedures.66
Annex G (informative) Test methods and tools .76
Annex H (informative)  Examples of EFC scenarios . 82
Bibliography .88

iv © ISO 2005 – All rights reserved

---------------------- Page: 4 ----------------------
ISO/TS 14907-1:2005(E)


Foreword
This document (CEN ISO/TS 14709-1:2005) has been prepared by Technical Committee CEN/TC 278
"Road Transport and Traffic Telematics", the secretariat of which is held by NEN, in collaboration with
Technical Committee ISO/TC 204 “Intelligent Transport Systems”.
This document supersedes ENV ISO 14907-1:2000.
This document is part of the following series of standards related to testing of electronic fee collection (EFC)
equipment and systems:
— CEN ISO/TS 14907-1, Road transport and traffic telematics – Electronic fee collection – Test procedures
for user and fixed equipment – Part 1: Description of test procedures (ISO/TS 14907-1:2005)
1)
— CEN ISO/TS 14907-2 , Road transport and traffic telematics – Electronic fee collection – (EFC) Test
procedures for user and fixed equipment - Part 2: EFC application interface conformance tests
specification
According to the CEN/CENELEC Internal Regulations, the national standards organizations of the following
countries are bound to announce this CEN Technical Specification: Austria, Belgium, Cyprus, Czech
Republic, Denmark, Estonia, Finland, France, Germany, Greece, Hungary, Iceland, Ireland, Italy, Latvia,
Lithuania, Luxembourg, Malta, Netherlands, Norway, Poland, Portugal, Slovakia, Slovenia, Spain, Sweden,
Switzerland and United Kingdom.

1)
To be published.
© ISO 2005 – All rights reserved v

---------------------- Page: 5 ----------------------
ISO/TS 14907-1:2005(E)


Introduction
For an EFC system, approvals and tests are required to determine whether the system (or individual
modules of the system) conforms to standards and application requirements, and to enable parameters,
such as quality, availability and maintainability, to be measured.
There are complete EFC systems including documentation and approvals available which are possibly in
operation in some countries of Europe. This document provides a toolbox of tests and procedures for the
assessment and proof of such EFC systems that they are suitable for specified EFC applications under
specific operational conditions. Dependent on a system to be tested and based on the available
documentation and the status of already carried out approvals this document enables parties involved e.g.
system provider, operators and test houses to take into consideration already proven references and to
identify such parameters which still have to be tested according to the specified applications.
At the time of drafting this document, the determination of common system requirements for Europe (or any
other region) has not been agreed. This document therefore does not specify any particular performance
requirements unless these are already determined elsewhere (such as safety or radio regulations) but rather
identifies the key parameters which will comprise such requirements. Where reference to an existing test is
available, this document provides that reference. This document defines only the test and test procedures,
not the benchmark figures that these are to be measured against. This document is Part 1 of a series of
standards. This Part 1 describes the test procedures. Part 2 describes EFC OBU conformance test
procedures. Future standards will provide the benchmark figures to which the systems or components under
test must be compared and validated.
This document is furthermore limited to automated (electronic) payment using a standardised dedicated
short-range communication (DSRC). The scope of this document does not include manual payment,
conventional money transaction, nor does it include payment by means of sticker, vignettes, tickets, or
magnetic stripe cards etc. The applications to which EFC is related are Toll Collection, Road Pricing, Parking
and Individual Traffic Information.
This is an enabling document to enable groups of operators to determine common specific performance
levels and operating conditions, and to enable regional variation where appropriate. It provides operating and
environmental parameters (or classes of operating and environmental parameters) within which such
systems shall successfully function without impairing interoperability to ensure that the person specified the
system can state his requirements clearly to implementation designers and integrators, and to enable the
measurement of the performance of such systems.
The following guidelines have been followed when selecting the test procedures for test parameters:
— reference as far as possible to existing standardised test procedures;
— concentrate on those tests which are essential to ensure that EFC equipment is able to exchange
information and mutually use the exchanged information.
A brief guide describing how to use this document is provided by Annex A of this document.
Whilst the scope of this document is generic, certain provisions relate specifically to ‘test procedures’ for
certification purposes. Some or all of the features of this document are relevant internationally and this
document therefore has relevance and is published by both CEN and ISO. However, it is recognised that
due to different regulatory requirements outside Europe, extension will be required to make the Technical
Specification as comprehensive in non CEN countries, before this document can be submitted for
acceptance as a full standard.
vi © ISO 2005 – All rights reserved

---------------------- Page: 6 ----------------------
ISO/TS 14907-1:2005(E)
1 Scope
This document specifies the test procedures of EFC road-side equipment (RSE) and on-board equipment
(OBE) with regard to the conformance to standards and requirements for type approval and acceptance
testing which is within the realm of EFC application specifically.
The scope of this document is restricted to systems operating within the radio emission, EMC regulations,
traffic and other regulations of the countries in which they are operated and it is therefore a requirement that
all required equipment approvals from an authenticated and accredited test house have been obtained in
order to claim compliance.
This document identifies a set of suitable parameter and provides test procedures to enable the proof of a
complete EFC system as well as components of an EFC system e.g. OBE related to the defined
requirements of an application. The defined parameter and tests are assigned to the following groups of
parameter:
— Functionality;
— Quality;
— Referenced pre-tests.
An overview of the tests and parameters provided by this document is given in 5.1 and 5.2. OBU
conformance testing against EN ISO 14906 (EFC- Application interface definition for DSRC) is covered by
CEN ISO/TS 14907-2 (Part 2 of this document).
The Technical Specification describes procedures, methods and tools and a test plan which enables to show
the relation between all tests and the sequence of these tests. It lists all tests which are required to measure
the performance of EFC equipment. The Technical Specification describes which EFC-equipment is covered
by the test procedures; the values of the parameters to be tested are not included. It describes also how the
tests are to be performed and which tools and pre-requisites are necessary before this series of tests are
undertaken. It is assumed that the security of the system is inherent in the communications and EFC
functionality tests and are thus not addressed specifically here. All tests in this document provide instructions
to evaluate the test results.
The test procedures can be used for prototype testing, type approvals, test of installations and periodic
inspections. Thus this Part 1 is a document that defines only the test and test procedures, not the benchmark
figures that these are to be measured against.
Related to a conceptual model of an EFC system this document relates only to the equipment of the user
and the service provider as illustrated in Figure 1. Any other entities are outside the scope of this document.
© ISO 2005 – All rights reserved 1

---------------------- Page: 7 ----------------------
ISO/TS 14907-1:2005(E)

Figure 1 — Conceptual model of EFC
EFC systems for DSRC consist, in principle, of a group of technical components, which in combination fulfil
the functions required for the collection of fees by electronic automatic means. These components comprise
all or most of the following:
— on-board equipment (OBE) within a vehicle;
— on-board unit containing the communications and computing sub-functions;
— optional integrated circuit card which may carry electronic money, service rights and other secured
information;
— communication between OBE and RSE based on DSRC;
— equipment for the fee collection at the road-side (RSE) containing the communications and computing
sub-functions;
— equipment for the enforcement at the road-side;
— central equipment for the administration and operation of the system.
The scope of this document relates solely to OBE and RSE and the DSRC interface between OBE and RSE
including its functions to perform the fee collection as illustrated by Figure 2. All the equipment used for
enforcement (e.g. detection, classification, localisation and registration) and central equipment are outside
the scope of this document.
2 © ISO 2005 – All rights reserved

---------------------- Page: 8 ----------------------
ISO/TS 14907-1:2005(E)

Figure 2 — OBE/RSE interface and associated environments

© ISO 2005 – All rights reserved 3

---------------------- Page: 9 ----------------------
ISO/TS 14907-1:2005(E)
2 Normative references
The following referenced documents are indispensable for the application of this document. For dated
references, only the edition cited applies. For undated references, the latest edition of the referenced
document (including any amendments) applies.
EN 45011, General requirements for bodies operating product certification systems (ISO/IEC Guide
65:1996).
EN ISO/IEC 17025, General requirements for the competence of testing and calibration laboratories
(ISO/IEC 17025:1999).

3 Terms and definitions
For the purposes of this document, the following terms and definitions apply.
3.1
acceptance testing
examination that a duly identified product, process or service is in conformity with the system specification
3.2
EFC equipment
EFC Equipment consists of Roadside Equipment (RSE) and On-Board Equipment (OBE)
3.3
EFC system
system that enables electronic debiting, i.e. paying for a transport service, without any action from the user at
the moment of the use of the service
3.4
availability
probability that a unit at a random point in time within a given interval is in least a certain degree of
preparedness to function or functioning under given running, environmental and maintenance conditions
3.5
certification
procedure by which a third party gives written assurance that a product, process or service conforms to
specified requirements
3.6
compatibility
suitability of products, processes or services for use together under specific conditions to fulfil relevant
requirements without causing unacceptable interactions
3.7
evaluation
systematic examination of the extent to which an entity e.g. system, process, product, or a unit is capable of
fulfilling specified requirements
3.8
field tests
tests which are performed under real life conditions
4 © ISO 2005 – All rights reserved

---------------------- Page: 10 ----------------------
ISO/TS 14907-1:2005(E)
3.9
functionality
group of parameter which are able to measure the performance of an EFC system, e.g. communication,
application, vehicle and traffic characteristics
3.10
inspection
conformity evaluation by observation and judgement accompanied as appropriate by measurement, testing
or gauging
3.11
interoperability
interoperability is the ability of systems to provide services to and accept services from other systems and to
use the services so exchanged to enable them to operate effectively together
3.12
laboratory tests
tests which are performed in a laboratory under specified conditions
3.13
maintainability
ability of a device to be maintained or restore to specified conditions within a given period of time
3.14
on-board equipment
equipment located within the vehicle and supporting the information exchange across the interfaces of its
sub-units. It is composed of the On-Board Unit (OBU) and other sub-units whose presence has to be
considered optional for the execution of the DSRC interface
3.15
quality
all of the features and characteristics of the capability of a product or service to satisfy the requirements of
the users (easiness of use, safety, availability, reliability, sturdiness, economy, environmental safety) whether
given explicitly or implicitly
3.16
quality of EFC equipment
group of parameter (reliability, availability, maintainability) which are able to define the quality of EFC
equipment by qualitative and quantitative figures
3.17
reliability
ability of a device to perform its intended function under given conditions of use for a specified period of time
3.18
roadside equipment
equipment located at a fixed position along the road transport network, allowing for the communication and
data exchange with the on-board equipment
3.19
simulation
simulation is the representation of selected behavioural characteristics of one physical or abstract system by
another system
[ISO 2382-1].
© ISO 2005 – All rights reserved 5

---------------------- Page: 11 ----------------------
ISO/TS 14907-1:2005(E)
3.20
simulation of an EFC system
in a simulation of an DSRC-based EFC system, selected behavioural characteristics of the EFC system are
represented by a computer model to enable the testing of the EFC equipment in a realistically modelled
environment
3.21
test
technical operation that consists of the determination of one or more characteristics of a given product,
process or device according to a specified procedure
3.22
test parameter
one or more test parameter which are able to specify one or more characteristics of an EFC system
3.23
test procedure
specific procedure for performing a test
3.24
test status
indication of the nature of a test. Conditional: A test labelled ‘conditional’ shall be subject to testing if and
only if it is a feature of the system or component according to the specification. Basic: A test labelled ‘basic’
indicates a highly recommended test as part of a foundation for meaningful evaluation
3.25
test type
kind of test, e.g. inspection, simulation, lab-test and field test
3.26
test house
third party by a person or body that is recognized as being independent of the parties involved, as concerns
the issue in question
3.27
type approval
approval based on conformity testing on the basis of one or more specimens of a product representative of
the production
3.28
validation
confirmation by examination and provision of objective evidence that the particular requirements for a
specific intended use are fulfilled
3.29
verification
confirmation by examination and provision of objective evidence that specified requirements have been
fulfilled
4 Abbreviations
4.1
DSRC
Dedicated Short Range Communication
4.2
EFC
Electronic Fee Collection
6 © ISO 2005 – All rights reserved

---------------------- Page: 12 ----------------------
ISO/TS 14907-1:2005(E)
4.3
EMC
Electromagnetic Compatibility
4.4
ICC
Integrated Circuit Card
4.5
IEC
International Electro Technical Committee
4.6
IUT
Implementation Under Test
4.7
MMI
Man Machine Interface
4.8
MTBF
Mean Time Between Failure
4.9
MTTF
Mean Time To Failure
4.10
MTTR
Mean Time To Repair
4.11
OBE
On Board Equipment
4.12
OBU
On Board Unit
4.13
RSE
Road Side Equipment
4.14
SUT
System Under Test
5 Test parameters and test procedures for EFC
5.1 Tests overview
5.1.1 Introduction
The test parameters for EFC systems or components are categorised in three groups as follows:
© ISO 2005 – All rights reserved 7

---------------------- Page: 13 ----------------------
ISO/TS 14907-1:2005(E)
a) Functionality Tests;
b) Quality Tests;
c) Referenced Pre-Tests.
Figure 3 shows the general structure of all test parameter groups relevant for EFC systems and those which
are relevant to this document. The test parameters of the already mentioned pre-tests are referenced from
sources other than this document. The specific test parameters which are ultimately deemed relevant for a
specific EFC system shall be identified and listed in the test plan according to 5.3. The individual test plan for
type approval or acceptance testing shall take into account the already passed tests of the pre-tests, e.g. for
EMC, DSRC and environment.

Figure 3 — Test plan - interdependencies
5.1.2 Functionality tests
The first category of tests is related to test procedures which aim to verify the functionality of the EFC
equipment.
8 © ISO 2005 – All rights reserved

---------------------- Page: 14 ----------------------
ISO/TS 14907-1:2005(E)
The functionality tests are related to the essential test parameters which need to be applied to verify the
performance and capability of EFC equipment of different vendors and system operators.
The following test parameters shall be tested:
— Communication;
— EFC Application;
— Vehicle Characteristics;
— Traffic Characteristics;
— Environmental Influences.
Communication and EFC application tests are described in 6.1. Tests related to vehicle and traffic
characteristics and environmental influences are listed in Annex B.
5.1.3 Quality tests
The second category of tests is related to test procedures which aim to test the quality of the EFC
equipment. These are relevant for both operators and users.
Within the scope of the document, the following test parameters shall be tested:
— Quality Management;
— Reliability;
— Availability.
For some of these test parameters, there are partly existing test procedures available, which are referenced.
These tests are described in 6.2 and Annex C.
5.1.4 Referenced pre-tests
The third category of tests is related to test parameter which are fundamental for the performance of EFC
equipment. The specific parameters and requirements are not in the scope of this document. The
parameters which are relevant can be assigned to the following groups:
— DSRC;
— EMC;
— environment.
5.2 Parameter overview
The following tables provide a comprehensive list of the parameters that are relevant for type approval or
acceptance testing of a complete EFC system as well as components of an EFC system. The tables are
divided according to the aforementioned three sections, namely functionality, quality and referenced pre-
tests. The section in this document where the tests are described or referenced is shown. An indication as to
the nature of these tests (basic or conditional) is provided as not all tests are relevant to all operators and
their specific operating situations and environment. Basic used in these tables does mean that the identified
tests are highly recommended tests as part of a foundation for meaningful evaluation. Conditional means
that a test labelled ’conditional’ shall be subject to testing if and only if it is a feature of the system or
© ISO 2005 – All rights reserved 9

---------------------- Page: 15 ----------------------
ISO/TS 14907-1:2005(E)
component according to the specification, e.g. lane changing test (T6) if the RSE is characterised as
multilane.
Table 1 provides an overview of the parameters for which tests are defined in this document to measure the
performance and assess the level of conformance of an EFC system or components under test.
Table 2 provides a list of the quality tests.
Table 3 provides a list of parameters that are necessary pre-tests and whose performance and conformance
is tested by reference to existing standards or Technical Specifications.
It shall be noted that the tests have been categorised into inspection tests, laboratory tests, simulation tests,
and field tests. The appropriate test or types of tests are indicated, in the following tables, for each
parameter. It is not expected that all the named types of tests for a parameter will be performed on that
parameter. Where a set of appropriate tools are available to a test house it is up to the test house to decide
which type of test is most appropriate to meet their specific remit.
Where a particular category of test shall be performed to conform to this document the test is indicated in the
following tables with a ‘p’. Where a particular category of test is optional this is indicated with an ‘o’.
10 © ISO 2005 – All rights reserved

---------------------- Page: 16 ----------------------
ISO/TS 14907-1:2005(E)
© ISO 2005 – All rights reserved 11

Table 1 — Functionality
Applicable Test Type
Tests Location Test Status
(p = shall be performed, o = optional)
Basic/
Reference
Parameter Item Name Inspection Laboratory Simulation Field test
a
to sub-clause
Conditional
PART 1
Communication C1 Conformance assessment 6.1.1 B - p o o
F1 Validation of the specification 6.1.2 B p - - -

EFC
F2 Implementation test 6.1.2 B p o o o
Application
Tests
F3 Functionality tests 6.1.2 B p o o p
T1 Longitudinal distance between vehicles 6.1.3, B.2 B - - o p
T2 Lateral distance between vehicles 6.1.3, B.2 C - - o o
T3 Lateral distance between OBE's 6.1.3, B.2 C - - o o

T4 Speed of vehicles 6.1.3, B.2 C - - o o

Traffic
T5 Driving angle 6.1.3, B.2 C - - o o
Conditions
T6 Lane changing 6.1.3, B.2 C - - o o
T7 Shadowin
...