ISO 5053-1:2020
(Main)Industrial trucks — Vocabulary — Part 1: Types of industrial trucks
Industrial trucks — Vocabulary — Part 1: Types of industrial trucks
This document establishes the vocabulary of industrial trucks. For the purposes of this document, industrial trucks are wheeled vehicles having at least three wheels with a powered or non-powered driving mechanism — except those running on rails — which are designed either to carry, tow, push, lift, stack or tier in racks any kind of load, and which are controlled either by an operator or by driverless automation.
Chariots de manutention — Vocabulaire — Partie 1: Types de chariots de manutention
Le présent document établit le vocabulaire des chariots de manutention. Pour les besoins du présent document, les chariots de manutention sont des véhicules à roues ayant au moins trois roues avec un mécanisme d'entraînement motorisé ou non — excepté ceux fonctionnant sur des rails — qui sont conçus soit pour porter, tirer, pousser, lever, empiler ou disposer dans les rayons tout type de charge et qui sont commandés soit par un opérateur, soit par un automate sans conducteur.
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INTERNATIONAL ISO
STANDARD 5053-1
Third edition
2020-06
Industrial trucks — Vocabulary —
Part 1:
Types of industrial trucks
Chariots de manutention —
Vocabulaire —
Partie 1:
Types de chariots de manutention
Reference number
©
ISO 2020
© ISO 2020
All rights reserved. Unless otherwise specified, or required in the context of its implementation, no part of this publication may
be reproduced or utilized otherwise in any form or by any means, electronic or mechanical, including photocopying, or posting
on the internet or an intranet, without prior written permission. Permission can be requested from either ISO at the address
below or ISO’s member body in the country of the requester.
ISO copyright office
CP 401 • Ch. de Blandonnet 8
CH-1214 Vernier, Geneva
Phone: +41 22 749 01 11
Fax: +41 22 749 09 47
Email: copyright@iso.org
Website: www.iso.org
Published in Switzerland
ii
Contents Page
Foreword .iv
1 Scope . 1
2 Normative references . 1
3 Terms and definitions . 1
Annex A (informative) List of equivalent terms in German, Chinese and Italian .25
Annex B (informative) Classification .35
Bibliography .71
Foreword
ISO (the International Organization for Standardization) is a worldwide federation of national standards
bodies (ISO member bodies). The work of preparing International Standards is normally carried out
through ISO technical committees. Each member body interested in a subject for which a technical
committee has been established has the right to be represented on that committee. International
organizations, governmental and non-governmental, in liaison with ISO, also take part in the work.
ISO collaborates closely with the International Electrotechnical Commission (IEC) on all matters of
electrotechnical standardization.
The procedures used to develop this document and those intended for its further maintenance are
described in the ISO/IEC Directives, Part 1. In particular, the different approval criteria needed for the
different types of ISO documents should be noted. This document was drafted in accordance with the
editorial rules of the ISO/IEC Directives, Part 2 (see www .iso .org/ directives).
Attention is drawn to the possibility that some of the elements of this document may be the subject of
patent rights. ISO shall not be held responsible for identifying any or all such patent rights. Details of
any patent rights identified during the development of the document will be in the Introduction and/or
on the ISO list of patent declarations received (see www .iso .org/ patents).
Any trade name used in this document is information given for the convenience of users and does not
constitute an endorsement.
For an explanation of the voluntary nature of standards, the meaning of ISO specific terms and
expressions related to conformity assessment, as well as information about ISO's adherence to the
World Trade Organization (WTO) principles in the Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT), see www .iso .org/
iso/ foreword .html.
This document was prepared by Technical Committee ISO/TC 110, Industrial trucks, Subcommittee
SC 1, General terminology.
This third edition cancels and replaces the second edition (ISO 5053-1:2015), which has been editorially
revised.
The main changes compared to the previous edition are as follows:
— added additional names for some truck types;
— new layout.
A list of all parts in the ISO 5053 series can be found on the ISO website.
Any feedback or questions on this document should be directed to the user’s national standards body. A
complete listing of these bodies can be found at www .iso .org/ members .html.
NOTE In addition to terms used in English and French, two of the three official ISO languages, this
International Standard gives the equivalent terms in German, Chinese and Italian in Annex A. These are published
under the responsibility of the member bodies for Germany (DIN), China (SAC) and Italy (UNI). However, only the
terms and definitions given in the official languages can be considered as ISO terms and definitions.
iv
INTERNATIONAL STANDARD ISO 5053-1:2020(E/F)
Industrial trucks — Vocabulary —
Part 1:
Types of industrial trucks
1 Scope
This document establishes the vocabulary of industrial trucks.
For the purposes of this document, industrial trucks are wheeled vehicles having at least three wheels
with a powered or non-powered driving mechanism — except those running on rails — which are
designed either to carry, tow, push, lift, stack or tier in racks any kind of load, and which are controlled
either by an operator or by driverless automation.
2 Normative references
There are no normative references in this document.
3 Terms and definitions
ISO and IEC maintain terminological databases for use in standardization at the following addresses:
— ISO Online browsing platform: available at https:// www .iso .org/ obp
— IEC Electropedia: available at http:// www .electropedia .org/
NOTE Due to the variance of the individual truck types and the ongoing development of new combinations, it
is not possible to illustrate all the different variations of industrial truck types. Therefore, this document defines,
shows and/or describes the typical variances.
3.1
towing tractor
truck travelling on the ground, fitted with coupling means and specially designed to tow vehicles
travelling on the ground
Note 1 to entry: See Figure 1.
Note 2 to entry: For equivalent terms in German, Chinese and Italian, see A.1.
Figure 1 — Towing tractor
3.2
pushing tractor
tractor fitted at the front-end with a buffer plate and which can push vehicles travelling on the ground
or on railway tracks
Note 1 to entry: See Figure 2.
Note 2 to entry: For equivalent terms in German, Chinese and Italian, see A.2.
Figure 2 — Pushing tractor
3.3
counterbalance lift truck
stacking lift truck fitted with fork arms (or with the fork arms replaced by another device) on which the
load, either palletized or not, is put in a cantilever position in relation to the front wheels and balanced
by the mass of the truck
Note 1 to entry: See Figure 3.
Note 2 to entry: For equivalent terms in German, Chinese and Italian, see A.3.
Figure 3 — Counterbalance lift truck
3.4
reach truck [with retractable mast] [with fork arm carriage]
stacking lift truck with outriggers where the load can be repositioned by moving the [retractable mast]
[fork arm carriage]
Note 1 to entry: See Figure 4.
Note 2 to entry: For equivalent terms in German, Chinese and Italian, see A.4.
Figure 4 — Reach truck
3.5
platform truck
stacking lift truck with a load platform extending over the frame structure
Note 1 to entry: See Figure 5.
Note 2 to entry: For equivalent terms in German, Chinese and Italian, see A.5.
Figure 5 — Platform truck
3.6
side-loading truck
lift truck with mast structure or fork arm carriage which can be extended and retracted
between the axles and perpendicular to the longitudinal axis of the truck, allowing it to pick up and
raise a load in a counterbalanced position in relation to one side of the truck and stack or unstack
alongside the truck
Note 1 to entry: See Figure 6.
Note 2 to entry: For equivalent terms in German, Chinese and Italian, see A.6.
Figure 6 — Side-loading truck
3.7
rough-terrain truck
wheeled counterbalanced truck, intended primarily for operation on unimproved natural terrain and
on the disturbed terrain of, for example, construction sites
Note 1 to entry: See Figure 7.
Note 2 to entry: For equivalent terms in German, Chinese and Italian, see A.7.
Figure 7 — Rough-terrain truck
3.8
lateral-stacking truck
high-lift stacking truck capable of stacking and retrieving loads on both sides of the
direction of travel
Note 1 to entry: See Figure 8.
Note 2 to entry: For equivalent terms in German, Chinese and Italian, see A.8.
Figure 8 — Lateral-stacking truck
3.9
lateral- and front-stacking truck
turret truck
high-lift stacking truck capable of stacking and retrieving loads ahead and on either or
both sides
Note 1 to entry: See Figure 9.
Note 2 to entry: For equivalent terms in German, Chinese and Italian, see A.9.
Note 3 to entry: Lateral-stacking trucks used in very narrow aisles (VNA) are guided mechanically on rails or
guided inductively on a reference wire.
Figure 9 — Lateral- and front-stacking truck
3.10
order-picking truck
lift truck fitted with an operator's platform which can be raised with the platform or fork arms, allowing
the operator to load or unload goods from racking to the load-carrying attachment
Note 1 to entry: See Figure 10.
Note 2 to entry: For equivalent terms in German, Chinese and Italian, see A.10.
Figure 10 — Order-picking truck
3.11
straddle truck
stacking lift truck with outriggers, fitted with fork arms which are located between the outriggers and
where the load centre of gravity is always within the stability polygon
Note 1 to entry: See Figure 11.
Note 2 to entry: For equivalent terms in German, Chinese and Italian, see A.11.
Figure 11 — Straddle truck
3.12
pallet-stacking truck
stacking lift truck where the forks extend over the frame structure
Note 1 to entry: See Figure 12.
Note 2 to entry: For equivalent terms in German, Chinese and Italian, see A.12.
Figure 12 — Pallet-stacking truck
3.13
pallet truck
pedestrian-controlled or rider-controlled non-stacking lift truck fitted with forks
Note 1 to entry: See Figure 13.
Note 2 to entry: For equivalent terms in German, Chinese and Italian, see A.13.
Note 3 to entry: Trucks with a lift height up to 1 m for ergonomic picking of goods are pallet trucks.
Figure 13 — Pallet truck
3.14
platform and stillage truck
pedestrian-controlled or rider-controlled non-stacking lift truck fitted with a load-carrying platform or
structure
Note 1 to entry: See Figure 14.
Note 2 to entry: For equivalent terms in German, Chinese and Italian, see A.14.
Figure 14 — Platform and stillage truck
3.15
end-controlled pallet truck
rider-controlled truck, non-stacking fitted with forks, with the operator located at the end opposite the
load end of the truck and facing at a right angle to the path of travel
Note 1 to entry: See Figure 15.
Note 2 to entry: For equivalent terms in German, Chinese and Italian, see A.15.
Figure 15 — End-controlled pallet truck
3.16
centre-controlled order-picking truck
pallet truck
rider-controlled, non-stacking lift truck fitted with forks
Note 1 to entry: See Figure 16.
Note 2 to entry: For equivalent terms in German, Chinese and Italian, see A.16.
Figure 16 — Centre-controlled order-picking truck
3.17
double-stacker
stacking industrial truck where the forks extend over the liftable support arms, designed for transport
and loading of two loads positioned on top of each other, whereby the loads are lifted and lowered
independently, one on the support arms and the other on the forks
Note 1 to entry: See Figure 17.
Note 2 to entry: For equivalent terms in German, Chinese and Italian, see A.17.
Figure 17 — Double-stacker
3.18
non-stacking low-lift straddle carrier
lift truck where the frame and lift unit straddle the load to raise and move it
Note 1 to entry: See Figure 18.
Note 2 to entry: For equivalent terms in German, Chinese and Italian, see A.18.
Figure 18 — Non-stacking low-lift straddle carrier
3.19
stacking high-lift straddle carrier
lift truck where the frame and lift unit straddle the load to raise, move and stack it
Note 1 to entry: See Figure 19.
Note 2 to entry: For equivalent terms in German, Chinese and Italian, see A.19.
Figure 19 — Stacking high-lift straddle carrier
3.20
...
INTERNATIONAL ISO
STANDARD 5053-1
Third edition
2020-06
Industrial trucks — Vocabulary —
Part 1:
Types of industrial trucks
Chariots de manutention —
Vocabulaire —
Partie 1:
Types de chariots de manutention
Reference number
©
ISO 2020
© ISO 2020
All rights reserved. Unless otherwise specified, or required in the context of its implementation, no part of this publication may
be reproduced or utilized otherwise in any form or by any means, electronic or mechanical, including photocopying, or posting
on the internet or an intranet, without prior written permission. Permission can be requested from either ISO at the address
below or ISO’s member body in the country of the requester.
ISO copyright office
CP 401 • Ch. de Blandonnet 8
CH-1214 Vernier, Geneva
Phone: +41 22 749 01 11
Fax: +41 22 749 09 47
Email: copyright@iso.org
Website: www.iso.org
Published in Switzerland
ii
Contents Page
Foreword .iv
1 Scope . 1
2 Normative references . 1
3 Terms and definitions . 1
Annex A (informative) List of equivalent terms in German, Chinese and Italian .25
Annex B (informative) Classification .35
Bibliography .71
Foreword
ISO (the International Organization for Standardization) is a worldwide federation of national standards
bodies (ISO member bodies). The work of preparing International Standards is normally carried out
through ISO technical committees. Each member body interested in a subject for which a technical
committee has been established has the right to be represented on that committee. International
organizations, governmental and non-governmental, in liaison with ISO, also take part in the work.
ISO collaborates closely with the International Electrotechnical Commission (IEC) on all matters of
electrotechnical standardization.
The procedures used to develop this document and those intended for its further maintenance are
described in the ISO/IEC Directives, Part 1. In particular, the different approval criteria needed for the
different types of ISO documents should be noted. This document was drafted in accordance with the
editorial rules of the ISO/IEC Directives, Part 2 (see www .iso .org/ directives).
Attention is drawn to the possibility that some of the elements of this document may be the subject of
patent rights. ISO shall not be held responsible for identifying any or all such patent rights. Details of
any patent rights identified during the development of the document will be in the Introduction and/or
on the ISO list of patent declarations received (see www .iso .org/ patents).
Any trade name used in this document is information given for the convenience of users and does not
constitute an endorsement.
For an explanation of the voluntary nature of standards, the meaning of ISO specific terms and
expressions related to conformity assessment, as well as information about ISO's adherence to the
World Trade Organization (WTO) principles in the Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT), see www .iso .org/
iso/ foreword .html.
This document was prepared by Technical Committee ISO/TC 110, Industrial trucks, Subcommittee
SC 1, General terminology.
This third edition cancels and replaces the second edition (ISO 5053-1:2015), which has been editorially
revised.
The main changes compared to the previous edition are as follows:
— added additional names for some truck types;
— new layout.
A list of all parts in the ISO 5053 series can be found on the ISO website.
Any feedback or questions on this document should be directed to the user’s national standards body. A
complete listing of these bodies can be found at www .iso .org/ members .html.
NOTE In addition to terms used in English and French, two of the three official ISO languages, this
International Standard gives the equivalent terms in German, Chinese and Italian in Annex A. These are published
under the responsibility of the member bodies for Germany (DIN), China (SAC) and Italy (UNI). However, only the
terms and definitions given in the official languages can be considered as ISO terms and definitions.
iv
INTERNATIONAL STANDARD ISO 5053-1:2020(E/F)
Industrial trucks — Vocabulary —
Part 1:
Types of industrial trucks
1 Scope
This document establishes the vocabulary of industrial trucks.
For the purposes of this document, industrial trucks are wheeled vehicles having at least three wheels
with a powered or non-powered driving mechanism — except those running on rails — which are
designed either to carry, tow, push, lift, stack or tier in racks any kind of load, and which are controlled
either by an operator or by driverless automation.
2 Normative references
There are no normative references in this document.
3 Terms and definitions
ISO and IEC maintain terminological databases for use in standardization at the following addresses:
— ISO Online browsing platform: available at https:// www .iso .org/ obp
— IEC Electropedia: available at http:// www .electropedia .org/
NOTE Due to the variance of the individual truck types and the ongoing development of new combinations, it
is not possible to illustrate all the different variations of industrial truck types. Therefore, this document defines,
shows and/or describes the typical variances.
3.1
towing tractor
truck travelling on the ground, fitted with coupling means and specially designed to tow vehicles
travelling on the ground
Note 1 to entry: See Figure 1.
Note 2 to entry: For equivalent terms in German, Chinese and Italian, see A.1.
Figure 1 — Towing tractor
3.2
pushing tractor
tractor fitted at the front-end with a buffer plate and which can push vehicles travelling on the ground
or on railway tracks
Note 1 to entry: See Figure 2.
Note 2 to entry: For equivalent terms in German, Chinese and Italian, see A.2.
Figure 2 — Pushing tractor
3.3
counterbalance lift truck
stacking lift truck fitted with fork arms (or with the fork arms replaced by another device) on which the
load, either palletized or not, is put in a cantilever position in relation to the front wheels and balanced
by the mass of the truck
Note 1 to entry: See Figure 3.
Note 2 to entry: For equivalent terms in German, Chinese and Italian, see A.3.
Figure 3 — Counterbalance lift truck
3.4
reach truck [with retractable mast] [with fork arm carriage]
stacking lift truck with outriggers where the load can be repositioned by moving the [retractable mast]
[fork arm carriage]
Note 1 to entry: See Figure 4.
Note 2 to entry: For equivalent terms in German, Chinese and Italian, see A.4.
Figure 4 — Reach truck
3.5
platform truck
stacking lift truck with a load platform extending over the frame structure
Note 1 to entry: See Figure 5.
Note 2 to entry: For equivalent terms in German, Chinese and Italian, see A.5.
Figure 5 — Platform truck
3.6
side-loading truck
lift truck with mast structure or fork arm carriage which can be extended and retracted
between the axles and perpendicular to the longitudinal axis of the truck, allowing it to pick up and
raise a load in a counterbalanced position in relation to one side of the truck and stack or unstack
alongside the truck
Note 1 to entry: See Figure 6.
Note 2 to entry: For equivalent terms in German, Chinese and Italian, see A.6.
Figure 6 — Side-loading truck
3.7
rough-terrain truck
wheeled counterbalanced truck, intended primarily for operation on unimproved natural terrain and
on the disturbed terrain of, for example, construction sites
Note 1 to entry: See Figure 7.
Note 2 to entry: For equivalent terms in German, Chinese and Italian, see A.7.
Figure 7 — Rough-terrain truck
3.8
lateral-stacking truck
high-lift stacking truck capable of stacking and retrieving loads on both sides of the
direction of travel
Note 1 to entry: See Figure 8.
Note 2 to entry: For equivalent terms in German, Chinese and Italian, see A.8.
Figure 8 — Lateral-stacking truck
3.9
lateral- and front-stacking truck
turret truck
high-lift stacking truck capable of stacking and retrieving loads ahead and on either or
both sides
Note 1 to entry: See Figure 9.
Note 2 to entry: For equivalent terms in German, Chinese and Italian, see A.9.
Note 3 to entry: Lateral-stacking trucks used in very narrow aisles (VNA) are guided mechanically on rails or
guided inductively on a reference wire.
Figure 9 — Lateral- and front-stacking truck
3.10
order-picking truck
lift truck fitted with an operator's platform which can be raised with the platform or fork arms, allowing
the operator to load or unload goods from racking to the load-carrying attachment
Note 1 to entry: See Figure 10.
Note 2 to entry: For equivalent terms in German, Chinese and Italian, see A.10.
Figure 10 — Order-picking truck
3.11
straddle truck
stacking lift truck with outriggers, fitted with fork arms which are located between the outriggers and
where the load centre of gravity is always within the stability polygon
Note 1 to entry: See Figure 11.
Note 2 to entry: For equivalent terms in German, Chinese and Italian, see A.11.
Figure 11 — Straddle truck
3.12
pallet-stacking truck
stacking lift truck where the forks extend over the frame structure
Note 1 to entry: See Figure 12.
Note 2 to entry: For equivalent terms in German, Chinese and Italian, see A.12.
Figure 12 — Pallet-stacking truck
3.13
pallet truck
pedestrian-controlled or rider-controlled non-stacking lift truck fitted with forks
Note 1 to entry: See Figure 13.
Note 2 to entry: For equivalent terms in German, Chinese and Italian, see A.13.
Note 3 to entry: Trucks with a lift height up to 1 m for ergonomic picking of goods are pallet trucks.
Figure 13 — Pallet truck
3.14
platform and stillage truck
pedestrian-controlled or rider-controlled non-stacking lift truck fitted with a load-carrying platform or
structure
Note 1 to entry: See Figure 14.
Note 2 to entry: For equivalent terms in German, Chinese and Italian, see A.14.
Figure 14 — Platform and stillage truck
3.15
end-controlled pallet truck
rider-controlled truck, non-stacking fitted with forks, with the operator located at the end opposite the
load end of the truck and facing at a right angle to the path of travel
Note 1 to entry: See Figure 15.
Note 2 to entry: For equivalent terms in German, Chinese and Italian, see A.15.
Figure 15 — End-controlled pallet truck
3.16
centre-controlled order-picking truck
pallet truck
rider-controlled, non-stacking lift truck fitted with forks
Note 1 to entry: See Figure 16.
Note 2 to entry: For equivalent terms in German, Chinese and Italian, see A.16.
Figure 16 — Centre-controlled order-picking truck
3.17
double-stacker
stacking industrial truck where the forks extend over the liftable support arms, designed for transport
and loading of two loads positioned on top of each other, whereby the loads are lifted and lowered
independently, one on the support arms and the other on the forks
Note 1 to entry: See Figure 17.
Note 2 to entry: For equivalent terms in German, Chinese and Italian, see A.17.
Figure 17 — Double-stacker
3.18
non-stacking low-lift straddle carrier
lift truck where the frame and lift unit straddle the load to raise and move it
Note 1 to entry: See Figure 18.
Note 2 to entry: For equivalent terms in German, Chinese and Italian, see A.18.
Figure 18 — Non-stacking low-lift straddle carrier
3.19
stacking high-lift straddle carrier
lift truck where the frame and lift unit straddle the load to raise, move and stack it
Note 1 to entry: See Figure 19.
Note 2 to entry: For equivalent terms in German, Chinese and Italian, see A.19.
Figure 19 — Stacking high-lift straddle carrier
3.20
...
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