ISO 6183:2009

Fire protection equipment - Carbon dioxide extinguishing systems for use on premises - Design and installation

ISO 6183:2009 specifies requirements and gives recommendations for the design, installation, testing, maintenance and safety of fixed carbon dioxide firefighting systems in buildings, plant or other structures. It is not applicable to extinguishing systems on ships, in aircraft, on vehicles and mobile fire appliances or to below‑ground systems in the mining industry; nor does it apply to carbon dioxide pre-inerting systems. Design of systems where unclosable opening(s) exceed a specified area and where the opening(s) can be subject to the effect of wind is not specified, although general guidance on the procedure to be followed in such cases is given.

Équipement de protection contre l'incendie — Installations fixes d'extinction par dioxyde de carbone utilisées dans les bâtiments — Conception et installation

L'ISO 6183:2009 spécifie des exigences et donne des recommandations pour la conception, l'installation, les essais, la maintenance et la sécurité des systèmes fixes de lutte contre l'incendie utilisant du dioxyde de carbone, dans les bâtiments, les usines et autres structures. Elle ne s'applique ni aux systèmes d'extinction utilisés à bord des navires, des avions, des véhicules, ni aux installations mobiles, ni à celles utilisées dans l'industrie minière souterraine; de même, elle ne s'applique pas aux systèmes d'inertage par dioxyde de carbone. La conception de systèmes dans lesquels les ouvertures non obturables dépassent une surface spécifiée et peuvent subir les effets du vent n'est pas spécifiée, bien qu'une méthode générale concernant la méthode à suivre dans ces cas-là soit donnée.

Oprema za požarno zaščito - Vgrajeni gasilni sistemi z ogljikovim dioksidom - Načrtovanje in vgradnja

Ta mednarodni standard določa zahteve in podaja priporočila za načrtovanje, namestitev, preskušanje, vzdrževanje in varnost vgrajenih gasilnih sistemov z ogljikovim dioksidom v stavbah, obratih ali drugih zgradbah. Ne uporablja se za gasilne sisteme na ladjah, zrakoplovih, v vozilih in za mobilne naprave za gašenje ali za podzemne sisteme za rudarsko industrijo; prav tako se ne uporablja za predhodno inertne sisteme z ogljikovim dioksidom.
Načrtovanje sistemov, v katerih odprtine, ki jih ni mogoče zapreti, presegajo določeno površino in v katerih so lahko odprtine izpostavljene učinku vetra, ni opredeljeno, čeprav so podane splošne smernice o postopku, ki ga je treba upoštevati v takšnih primerih (glej točko 7.4.3.2).

General Information

• Status: Withdrawn
• Publication Date: 08-Jun-2009
• ICS: 13.220.10 - Fire-fighting
• Technical Committee: ISO/TC 21/SC 8 - Gaseous media and firefighting systems using gas
• Drafting Committee: ISO/TC 21/SC 8 - Gaseous media and firefighting systems using gas
• Current Stage: 9599 - Withdrawal of International Standard
• Start Date: 01-Mar-2022
• Completion Date: 13-Dec-2025
• Ref Project: SIST ISO 6183:2018 - Fire protection equipment -- Carbon dioxide extinguishing systems for use on premises -- Design and installation

Relations

• Amended By: ISO 6183:2009/Amd 1:2017 - Fire protection equipment - Carbon dioxide extinguishing systems for use on premises - Design and installation - Amendment 1
• Effective Date: 18-Dec-2021
• Amended By: ISO 6183:2009/Amd 2:2019 - Fire protection equipment - Carbon dioxide extinguishing systems for use on premises - Design and installation - Amendment 2
• Effective Date: 14-Oct-2020
• Revised: ISO 6183:2022 - Fire protection equipment - Carbon dioxide extinguishing systems for use on premises - Design and installation
• Effective Date: 23-Sep-2017
• Revises: ISO 5923:1989 - Fire protection - Fire extinguishing media - Carbon dioxide
• Effective Date: 29-Aug-2009
• Revised: SIST ISO 6183:1995 - Fire protection equipment -- Carbon dioxide extinguishing systems for use on premises -- Design and installation
• Effective Date: 12-May-2008
• Revises: ISO 6183:1990 - Fire protection equipment - Carbon dioxide extinguishing systems for use on premises - Design and installation
• Effective Date: 15-Apr-2008

Standards Content (Sample)

SLOVENSKI STANDARD
01-september-2018
1DGRPHãþD
SIST ISO 5923:1995
SIST ISO 6183:1995
2SUHPD]DSRåDUQR]DãþLWR9JUDMHQLJDVLOQLVLVWHPL]RJOMLNRYLPGLRNVLGRP
1DþUWRYDQMHLQYJUDGQMD
Fire protection equipment -- Carbon dioxide extinguishing systems for use on premises --
Design and installation
Équipement de protection contre l'incendie -- Installations fixes d'extinction par dioxyde
de carbone utilisées dans les bâtiments -- Conception et installation
Ta slovenski standard je istoveten z: ISO 6183:2009
ICS:
13.220.10 Gašenje požara Fire-fighting
2003-01.Slovenski inštitut za standardizacijo. Razmnoževanje celote ali delov tega standarda ni dovoljeno.

INTERNATIONAL ISO
STANDARD 6183
Second edition
2009-06-15
Corrected version
2009-09-15
Fire protection equipment — Carbon
dioxide extinguishing systems for use on
premises — Design and installation
Équipement de protection contre l'incendie — Installations fixes
d'extinction par dioxyde de carbone utilisées dans les bâtiments —
Conception et installation
Reference number
©
ISO 2009
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©  ISO 2009
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ii © ISO 2009 – All rights reserved

Contents Page
Foreword .v
Introduction.vi
1 Scope.1
2 Normative references.1
3 Terms and definitions .1
4 Use and limitations.4
4.1 General .4
4.2 Uses for carbon dioxide systems .4
4.3 Limitations for carbon dioxide systems .5
4.4 Temperature limitations.5
5 Safety.5
5.1 Hazard to personnel .5
5.2 Safety precautions .5
5.2.1 Normally occupied and normally unoccupied areas .5
5.2.2 Warning notices for occupiable areas .6
5.2.3 Warning notices for unoccupiable areas.9
5.3 Electrical hazards .9
5.4 Electrical earthing .10
5.5 Electrostatic discharge.10
6 System design .10
6.1 General .10
6.1.1 Specifications .11
6.1.2 Working documents .11
6.2 Carbon dioxide supply.11
6.2.1 Quality.11
6.2.2 Quantity .11
6.2.3 Container arrangement.12
6.2.4 Storage containers.12
6.3 Distribution .14
6.3.1 General .14
6.3.2 Piping.14
6.3.3 Fittings.15
6.3.4 Pipe and valve supports .15
6.3.5 Valves .16
6.3.6 Nozzles .16
6.4 Enclosures (total flooding).17
6.4.1 Structural strength .17
6.4.2 Loss through openings.17
6.4.3 Ventilation systems.18
6.5 Detection, actuation and control systems.18
6.5.1 General .18
6.5.2 Shut-down of plant and equipment .18
6.5.3 Automatic detection .18
6.5.4 Operating devices .18
6.5.5 Control equipment.19
6.5.6 Operating alarms and indicators .20
7 Carbon dioxide flow and concentration calculations.20
7.1 General .20
7.2 System flow calculations .20
7.2.1 General.20
7.2.2 Friction losses.20
7.2.3 Pressure drop.20
7.2.4 Valves and fittings .21
7.2.5 As-installed calculations.21
7.2.6 Specific requirements .21
7.3 Carbon dioxide concentration requirements.22
7.3.1 Flame extinguishment.22
7.3.2 Determination of the design concentration .22
7.3.3 Inerting.22
7.4 Total flooding quantity .23
7.4.1 General.23
7.4.2 Design quantity.23
7.4.3 K factor.23
B
7.5 Design of local application systems.25
7.5.1 General.25
7.5.2 Carbon dioxide requirements.25
7.5.3 Rate by area method .26
7.5.4 Rate by volume method .27
7.6 Duration of protection .29
7.7 System performance .29
7.7.1 Discharge time .29
7.7.2 Extended discharge.29
8 Commissioning and acceptance.30
8.1 General.30
8.2 Tests.30
8.2.1 General.30
8.2.2 Enclosure check .30
8.2.3 Review of mechanical components.30
8.2.4 Review of enclosure integrity.31
8.2.5 Review of electrical components.31
8.2.6 Preliminary functional tests.32
8.2.7 System functional operational test.32
8.2.8 Remote monitoring operations (if applicable).33
8.2.9 Control panel primary power source.33
8.2.10 Completion of functional tests.33
8.3 Completion certificate and documentation.33
9 Inspection, maintenance, testing and training .33
9.1 General.33
9.2 Inspection .33
9.2.1 General.33
9.2.2 Container .34
9.2.3 Hose .34
9.2.4 Enclosures.34
9.3 Maintenance .34
9.3.1 General.34
9.3.2 User's programme of inspection.34
9.3.3 Service schedule.35
9.4 Training.35
Annex A (normative) Working documents .36
Annex B (normative) Carbon dioxide system pipe and orifice size determination.38
Annex C (informative) System performance verification .46
Annex D (informative) General information on carbon dioxide.47
Annex E (informative) Examples of calculations .52

iv © ISO 2009 – All rights reserved

Foreword
ISO (the International Organization for Standardization) is a worldwide federation of national standards bodies
(ISO member bodies). The work of preparing International Standards is normally carried out through ISO
technical committees. Each member body interested in a subject for which a technical committee has been
established has the right to be represented on that committee. International organizations, governmental and
non-governmental, in liaison with ISO, also take part in the work. ISO collaborates closely with the
International Electrotechnical Commission (IEC) on all matters of electrotechnical standardization.
International Standards are drafted in accordance with the rules given in the ISO/IEC Directives, Part 2.
The main task of technical committees is to prepare International Standards. Draft International Standards
adopted by the technical committees are circulated to the member bodies for voting. Publication as an
International Standard requires approval by at least 75 % of the member bodies casting a vote.
Attention is drawn to the possibility that some of the elements of this document may be the subject of patent
rights. ISO shall not be held responsible for identifying any or all such patent rights.
ISO 6183 was prepared by Technical Committee ISO/TC 21, Equipment for fire protection and fire fighting,
Subcommittee SC 8, Gaseous media and firefighting systems using gas.
This second edition cancels and replaces the first edition (ISO 6183:1990) together with ISO 5923:1989,
which have been technically revised.
This corrected version of ISO 6183:2009 incorporates a change to the cancellation and replacement
statement in the Foreword: ISO 6183:2009 cancels and replaces not only ISO 6183:1990 but also
ISO 5923:1989.
Introduction
This International Standard is intended for use by those concerned with purchasing, designing, installing,
testing, inspecting, approving, operating and maintaining carbon dioxide (CO ) extinguishing systems.
This International Standard applies only to carbon dioxide fixed fire-extinguishing systems in buildings and
other premises on land. Although the general principles could well apply to other uses (e.g. maritime use), for
these other uses additional considerations will almost certainly have to be taken into account and the
application of the requirements given in this International Standard is therefore unlikely to be fully satisfactory.
General information about carbon dioxide as an extinguishing medium is given in Annex D. This can be useful
background information for those unfamiliar with the characteristics of this medium.
It has been assumed in the preparation of ISO 6183 that the execution of its provisions will be entrusted to
those persons appropriately qualified and experienced in the specification, design, installation, testing,
approval, inspection, operation and maintenance of systems and equipment, for whose guidance it has been
prepared, and who can be expected to exercise a duty of care to avoid unnecessary release of carbon dioxide.
New requirements to minimize the need to release carbon dioxide during testing and commissioning
procedures are included in this edition. These are linked to the inclusion of enclosure integrity testing.
Carbon dioxide has for many years been a recognized effective medium for the extinction of flammable liquid
fires as well as fires in the presence of electrical and ordinary Class A hazards. Nevertheless, it ought not be
forgotten, in the planning of comprehensive schemes, that there could be hazards for which this media is not
suitable, or that in certain circumstances or situations there can be dangers in its use requiring special
precautions.
The use of carbon dioxide is no longer recommended for total flooding of occupied areas. ISO 14520 provides
requirements for other extinguishing agents that can be more appropriately used in these areas.
It is important that the fire protection of a building or plant be considered as a whole. Carbon dioxide systems
form only a part, though an important part, of the available facilities. It cannot be assumed that their adoption
necessarily removes the need to consider supplementary measures, such as the provision of portable fire
extinguishers or other mobile appliances for first aid or emergency use, or to deal with special hazards.
Advice on these matters can be obtained from the appropriate manufacturer of the carbon dioxide or the
extinguishing system. Information can also be sought from the appropriate fire authority, the health and safety
authorities and insurers. In addition, reference will need to be made, as necessary, to other national standards
and statutory regulations of the particular country.
It is essential that firefighting equipment be carefully maintained to ensure instant readiness when required.
Routine maintenance is liable to be overlooked or given insufficient attention by the owner of the system. It is,
however, neglected at peril to the lives of occupants of the premises and at the risk of crippling financial loss.
The importance of maintenance cannot be too highly emphasized. Inspection — preferably by a third party —
should include an evaluation concluding that the extinguishing system continues to provide adequate
protection for the risk (protected zones as well as state of the art can change over time).

vi © ISO 2009 – All rights reserved

INTERNATIONAL STANDARD ISO 6183:2009(E)

Fire protection equipment — Carbon dioxide extinguishing
systems for use on premises — Design and installation
1 Scope
This International Standard specifies requirements and gives recommendations for the design, installation,
testing, maintenance and safety of fixed carbon dioxide firefighting systems in buildings, plant or other
structures. It is not applicable to extinguishing systems on ships, in aircraft, on vehicles and mobile fire
appliances, or to below-ground systems in the mining industry; nor does it apply to carbon dioxide pre-inerting
systems.
Design of systems where unclosable opening(s) exceed a specified area and where the opening(s) can be
subject to the effect of wind is not specified, although general guidance on the procedure to be followed in
such cases is given (see 7.4.3.2).
2 Normative references
The following referenced documents are indispensable for the application of this document. For dated
references, only the edition cited applies. For undated references, the latest edition of the referenced
document (including any amendments) applies.
ISO 1182:2002, Reaction to fire tests for building products — Non-combustibility test
ISO 3864-1:2002, Graphical symbols — Safety colours and safety signs — Part 1: Design principles for safety
signs in workplaces and public areas
ISO 5923:1989, Fire protection — Fire extinguishing media — Carbon dioxide
ISO 14520-1:2006, Gaseous fire extinguishing systems — Physical properties and system design — Part 1:
General requirements
ISO 16003:2008, Components for fire extinguishing systems using gas — Requirements and test methods —
Container valve assemblies and their actuators; selector valves and their actuators; nozzles; flexible and rigid
connectors; and check valves and non-return valves
3 Terms and definitions
For the purposes of this document, the following terms and definitions apply.
3.1
approved
acceptable to a relevant authority (3.2)
NOTE In determining the acceptability of installations or procedures, equipment or materials, the authority could base
acceptance on compliance with the appropriate standards.
3.2
authority
organization, office or individual responsible for approving equipment, installations or procedures
3.3
automatic/manual switch
means of converting the system from automatic to manual actuation
NOTE This can be in the form of a manual switch on the control panel or other units, or a personnel door interlock. In
all cases, this changes the actuation mode of the system from automatic and manual to manual only or vice versa.
3.4
clearance
air gap between equipment, including piping and nozzles and unenclosed or uninsulated live electrical
components at other than ground potential
3.5
deep-seated fire
fire involving solids subject to smouldering
3.6
design concentration
concentration of carbon dioxide, including a safety factor, required for system design purposes
3.7
engineered system
system in which the supply of carbon dioxide is discharged through a system of pipes and nozzles in which
the size of each section of pipe and nozzle orifice has been calculated in accordance with the requirements of
this International Standard
3.8
extinguishing concentration
minimum concentration of carbon dioxide required to extinguish a fire involving a particular fuel under defined
experimental conditions excluding any safety factor
3.9
fill density
mass of carbon dioxide per unit volume of container
3.10
design quantity
mass of carbon dioxide required to achieve the design concentration within the protected volume
3.11
volume
volume enclosed by the building elements around the protected enclosure
3.12
high-pressure storage
storage of carbon dioxide in pressure containers at ambient temperatures
3.13
hold time
period of time during which a concentration of carbon dioxide greater than the fire extinguishing concentration
is maintained
NOTE See 8.2.3.11.
2 © ISO 2009 – All rights reserved

3.14
inspection
visual check to give reasonable assurance that the extinguishing system is fully charged and operable
NOTE This is done by seeing that the system is in place, that it has not been activated or tampered with, and that
there is no obvious physical damage or condition to prevent operation.
3.15
liquid discharge time
time during which predominantly liquid carbon dioxide is present at the nozzle
3.16
lock-off device
manually operated shut-off valve installed in the discharge piping downstream of the carbon dioxide
containers, or other type of device that mechanically prevents agent container actuation
NOTE 1 The actuation of this device provides an indication of system isolation.
NOTE 2 The intent is to prevent the discharge of carbon dioxide into the hazard area when the lock-off device is
activated.
3.17
local application system
carbon dioxide supply permanently connected to fixed piping with nozzles arranged to discharge the carbon
dioxide directly onto the burning material or identified hazard
3.18
low-pressure storage
storage of carbon dioxide in pressure containers at a controlled low temperature, normally −18 °C to −20 °C
3.19
maintenance
thorough check to verify that the extinguishing system will operate as intended
NOTE It includes a thorough examination and any necessary repair or replacement of system components.
3.20
maximum working pressure
equilibrium pressure within a container at the maximum working temperature
NOTE 1 For high-pressure storage, at the maximum fill density. For a container in transit, the equilibrium pressure can
differ from that in storage within a building.
NOTE 2 For low-pressure storage, the pressure corresponding to the maximum controlled temperature of −18 °C.
3.21 Occupied and unoccupiable areas
3.21.1
normally occupied area
area intended for occupancy
3.21.2
normally unoccupied area
area not normally occupied by people but which may be entered occasionally for brief periods
3.21.3
unoccupiable area
area which cannot be occupied by people due to dimensional or other physical constraints
EXAMPLE Shallow voids and cabinets.
3.22
pre-engineered system
system that has predetermined flow rates, nozzle placement, and quantities of carbon dioxide and that
incorporates specific nozzles and methods of application that can differ from those detailed in this
International Standard
NOTE No deviation is permitted from the limits specified by the manufacturer or authority.
3.23
pre-liquid-vapour flow time
time from the opening of the container or selector valve to the start of predominantly liquid flow at the most
unfavourable nozzle
3.24
safety factor
multiplier of the carbon dioxide extinguishing concentration, used to determine minimum design concentration
3.25
selector valve
valve installed in the discharge piping downstream of the storage containers, used to direct the carbon dioxide
to the appropriate hazard
NOTE It is used where one or more storage containers are arranged to selectively discharge carbon dioxide to any of
several separate hazards.
3.26
surface fire
fire involving combustible or flammable liquids, gases and solids not subject to smouldering
3.27
total flooding system
system arranged to discharge carbon dioxide into an enclosed space to achieve the appropriate design
concentration
4 Use and limitations
4.1 General
The design, installation, service and maintenance of carbon dioxide fire-extinguishing systems shall be
performed by those competent in fire extinguishing system technology. Maintenance and installation shall only
be done by qualified personnel and companies.
4.2 Uses for carbon dioxide systems
Carbon dioxide, local application and total flooding fire-extinguishing systems are useful within the limits of this
International Standard in extinguishing fires involving specific hazards or equipment. The following are typical
of such hazards, but the list is not exhaustive:
a) combustible or flammable liquid and gases;
b) electrical hazards such as transformers, switches, circuit breakers, rotating equipment, and electronic
equipment;
c) engines utilizing gasoline and other flammable liquid fuels;
d) ordinary combustibles such as paper, wood, and textiles.
4 © ISO 2009 – All rights reserved

4.3 Limitations for carbon dioxide systems
Carbon dioxide cannot extinguish fires involving certain types of materials such as
a) chemicals containing their own supply of oxygen, such as cellulose nitrate, or
b) metals and chemicals which react with carbon dioxide, e.g. alkali metals and metal hydrides.
While carbon dioxide will not extinguish certain fuels containing their own oxygen of combustion, it will not
react dangerously with these materials or increase their burning rate. Carbon dioxide, if used in this situation
in a total flooding system, will provide protection for adjacent combustibles or can be successfully used if the
reactive metals or hydride are first covered by another material. Examples of the latter condition are sodium
stored or used under kerosene, cellulose nitrate in solution of lacquer thinner, and magnesium chips covered
with heavy oil.
4.4 Temperature limitations
All devices shall be designed for the service they will encounter and shall not be readily rendered inoperative
or susceptible to accidental operation. Devices shall normally be designed to function properly from −20 °C to
+50 °C, or marked to indicate temperature limitations, or in accordance with manufacturer's specifications,
which shall be marked on the name-plate, or (where there is no name-plate) in the manufacturer's instruction
manual.
5 Safety
5.1 Hazard to personnel
The discharge of carbon dioxide in fire-extinguishing concentration creates serious hazards to personnel, such
as suffocation and reduced visibility during and after the discharge period. Hazards to personnel created by
the discharge of carbon dioxide shall be considered in the design of the system.
Carbon dioxide gas is heavier than air and will collect in pits, wells, shaft bottoms or other low-lying areas, and
can migrate into adjacent places outside the protected space. Consideration shall also be given to places to
which the carbon dioxide can migrate or collect in the event of a discharge from a safety relief device of a
storage container.
Conformance with this International Standard does not remove the user's statutory responsibility to comply
with the appropriate safety regulations.
NOTE The safety precautions required by this International Standard do not address toxicological or physiological
effects associated with the products of combustion caused by fire.
5.2 Safety precautions
5.2.1 Normally occupied and normally unoccupied areas
The use of carbon dioxide is not recommended for total flooding of normally occupied and normally
unoccupied areas as long as comparable alternative firefighting methods are available. However, where
carbon dioxide systems are used to protect these areas, they shall be provided with the following.
a) A non-electrical time delay device and an electrical and pneumatic pre-discharge alarm that is distinct
from all other alarm signals or other approved combination of devices providing equivalent level of safety
and reliability. The pre-discharge alarm shall operate immediately on commencement of the time delay.
Factors such as the time for egress and the risk to the occupants by the fire should be considered when
determining the system discharge time delay.
b) Automatic/manual switch, with associated status indication.
c) Lock-off device, supervised to indicate a system fault if the valve is more than one eighth closed.
NOTE The purpose of the lock-off device is to physically prevent discharge of carbon dioxide into the protected
space — for example, during maintenance or if safe evacuation is not possible during the pre-warning time.
d) Emergency lighting and adequate direction signs for exit routes: continuous visual and audible alarms at
entrances and designated exits inside the protected area and continuous visual alarms outside the
protected area that operate until the protected area has been declared safe.
e) Designated exit doors that are outward swinging, self-closing and able to be opened from the inside, even
when locked from the outside.
f) Appropriate warning and instruction signs (see 5.2.2).
g) Means for prompt natural or forced-draft ventilation of such areas after any discharge of carbon dioxide.
Forced-draft ventilation will often be necessary. Care shall be taken to completely dissipate hazardous
atmospheres, and not just move them to other locations, as carbon dioxide is heavier than air.
Where it is possible for carbon dioxide gas to collect in pits, wells, shaft bottoms or other low-lying areas,
consideration shall be given to adding an odoriferous substance to the carbon dioxide.
Instructions to, and drills of, all personnel within or in the vicinity of protected areas, including maintenance or
construction personnel who could be brought into the area, shall be given to ensure their correct actions when
the system operates. Following discharge of the system, personnel should not enter the enclosure until it has
been declared as being safe to do so. Additional safety aspects such as breathing apparatus should be
considered.
The need to comply with national regulations or standards requiring other precautions shall be considered.
5.2.2 Warning notices for occupiable areas
Notices shall be provided at the following locations:
a) at all entrances to the protected enclosure (see Figures 1 and 2, and below);
b) at each emergency manual release point (see Figure 3);
c) at each lock-off valve (see Figure 4).
Where a lock-off valve is fitted, the notice illustrated in Figure 2 is complementary to the notice in Figure 1 and
should be located adjacent to it. Alternatively, the text may be incorporated in the same display notice.
Warning notices shall be coloured in accordance with ISO 3864-1 and shall be of a letter size equal to or
greater than that shown in Figures 1 to 4.

6 © ISO 2009 – All rights reserved

THIS AREA IS FITTED WITH A
CARBON DIOXIDE FIRE
EXTINGUISHING SYSTEM
EVACUATE AREA ON SOUNDING
OF ALARM
DO NOT ENTER
AFTER EXTINGUISHING AGENT DISCHARGE UNTIL THE AREA HAS BEEN
THOROUGLY VENTILATED
Figure 1 — Typical instruction notice to be displayed at each entry to the protected area or enclosure

WARNING
LOCK OFF
CARBON DIOXIDE FIRE
EXTINGUISHING SYSTEM
BEFORE ENTERING
[Identify protected area]
Figure 2 — Typical lock-off warning system notice
CARBON DIOXIDE FIRE EXTINGUISHING
SYSTEM
MANUAL RELEASE FOR
[identify protected area]
WARNING
ENSURE AREA IS EVACUATED BEFORE
OPERATING
Figure 3 — Typical instruction notice to be displayed at the manual release

CARBON DIOXIDE FIRE
EXTINGUISHING SYSTEM
LOCK-OFF VALVE FOR
[identify protected area)]
WARNING
ENSURE AREA IS CLEAR OF
PERSONNEL BEFORE OPENING
VALVE
[identify protected area]
Figure 4 — Typical lock-off valve notice
8 © ISO 2009 – All rights reserved

5.2.3 Warning notices for unoccupiable areas
For carbon dioxide systems protecting unoccupiable areas, appropriate warning and instruction signs shall be
provided adjacent to access points to the protected space. An example of a typical notice is shown in Figure 5.
Additional notices may be provided at each emergency manual release point (see Figure 3).

WARNING
(identify protected area)
IS FITTED WITH A CARBON
DIOXIDE FIRE EXTINGUISHING
SYSTEM
ENSURE AREA IS THOROUGHLY
VENTILATED AFTER SYSTEM
DISCHARGE
Figure 5 — Typical warning notice to be displayed at access point to the protected
unoccupiable area
5.3 Electrical hazards
Where exposed electrical conductors are present, clearances no smaller than those given in Table 1 shall be
provided, where practicable, between the electrical conductors and all parts of the system able to be
approached during maintenance. Where these clearance distances cannot be achieved, warning notices shall
be provided and a safe system of maintenance work shall be adopted.
The system should be arranged so that all normal operations can be carried out safely by the operator.
Table 1 — Safety clearances to enable operation, inspection, cleaning, repairs, painting
and normal maintenance work to be carried out
Minimum clearance from any point on or about the permanent equipment
a
where a person may be required to stand
Maximum rated
To the nearest part not at earth potential
voltage
To the nearest unscreened live
b
of an insulator supporting a live
conductor in air (section clearance)
conductor (ground clearance)
kV m m
15 2,6
33 2,75 2,5
44 2,90
66 3,10
88 3,20
110 3,35
132 3,50
165 3,80
220 4,30
275 4,60
a
Measured from position of the feet.
b
The term insulator includes all forms of insulating supports, such as pedestal and suspension insulators, bushings, cable
sealing ends and the insulating supports of certain types of circuit breaker.

5.4 Electrical earthing
Systems within electrical substations or switchrooms shall be efficiently bonded and earthed to prevent the
metalwork becoming electrically charged.
5.5 Electrostatic discharge
CAUTION — Care should be taken when discharging carbon dioxide into potentially explosive
atmospheres. Electrostatic charging of conductors not bonded to earth can occur during the
discharge of carbon dioxide. These conductors can discharge to other objects with sufficient energy
to initiate an explosion.
The system shall be adequately bonded and earthed to minimize the risk of electrostatic discharge.
6 System design
6.1 General
This clause sets out the requirements for the design of the extinguishing system.
The need for ancillary systems and components to comply with national regulations or standards shall be
considered.
10 © ISO 2009 – All rights reserved

6.1.1 Specifications
Specifications for carbon dioxide fire-extinguishing systems shall be prepared under the supervision of a
person fully experienced in the design of such systems and, where appropriate, with the advice of the
authority. The specifications shall include all pertinent items necessary for the proper design of the system,
such as the designation of the authority, variances from the standard to be permitted by the authority, design
criteria, system sequence of operations, the type and extent of the acceptance testing to be performed after
installation of the system and owner training requirements.
6.1.2 Working documents
Layout and system proposal documents shall be submitted for approval to the authority before installation or
modification begins. The type of documentation required is specified in Annex A.
6.2 Carbon dioxide supply
6.2.1 Quality
The carbon dioxide shall comply with ISO 5923.
6.2.2 Quantity
6.2.2.1 The amount of carbon dioxide in the system shall be at least sufficient for the largest single
hazard or group of hazards that are to be protected agains
...

INTERNATIONAL ISO
STANDARD 6183
Second edition
2009-06-15
Corrected version
2009-09-15
Fire protection equipment — Carbon
dioxide extinguishing systems for use on
premises — Design and installation
Équipement de protection contre l'incendie — Installations fixes
d'extinction par dioxyde de carbone utilisées dans les bâtiments —
Conception et installation
Reference number
©
ISO 2009
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©  ISO 2009
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ii © ISO 2009 – All rights reserved

Contents Page
Foreword .v
Introduction.vi
1 Scope.1
2 Normative references.1
3 Terms and definitions .1
4 Use and limitations.4
4.1 General .4
4.2 Uses for carbon dioxide systems .4
4.3 Limitations for carbon dioxide systems .5
4.4 Temperature limitations.5
5 Safety.5
5.1 Hazard to personnel .5
5.2 Safety precautions .5
5.2.1 Normally occupied and normally unoccupied areas .5
5.2.2 Warning notices for occupiable areas .6
5.2.3 Warning notices for unoccupiable areas.9
5.3 Electrical hazards .9
5.4 Electrical earthing .10
5.5 Electrostatic discharge.10
6 System design .10
6.1 General .10
6.1.1 Specifications .11
6.1.2 Working documents .11
6.2 Carbon dioxide supply.11
6.2.1 Quality.11
6.2.2 Quantity .11
6.2.3 Container arrangement.12
6.2.4 Storage containers.12
6.3 Distribution .14
6.3.1 General .14
6.3.2 Piping.14
6.3.3 Fittings.15
6.3.4 Pipe and valve supports .15
6.3.5 Valves .16
6.3.6 Nozzles .16
6.4 Enclosures (total flooding).17
6.4.1 Structural strength .17
6.4.2 Loss through openings.17
6.4.3 Ventilation systems.18
6.5 Detection, actuation and control systems.18
6.5.1 General .18
6.5.2 Shut-down of plant and equipment .18
6.5.3 Automatic detection .18
6.5.4 Operating devices .18
6.5.5 Control equipment.19
6.5.6 Operating alarms and indicators .20
7 Carbon dioxide flow and concentration calculations.20
7.1 General .20
7.2 System flow calculations .20
7.2.1 General.20
7.2.2 Friction losses.20
7.2.3 Pressure drop.20
7.2.4 Valves and fittings .21
7.2.5 As-installed calculations.21
7.2.6 Specific requirements .21
7.3 Carbon dioxide concentration requirements.22
7.3.1 Flame extinguishment.22
7.3.2 Determination of the design concentration .22
7.3.3 Inerting.22
7.4 Total flooding quantity .23
7.4.1 General.23
7.4.2 Design quantity.23
7.4.3 K factor.23
B
7.5 Design of local application systems.25
7.5.1 General.25
7.5.2 Carbon dioxide requirements.25
7.5.3 Rate by area method .26
7.5.4 Rate by volume method .27
7.6 Duration of protection .29
7.7 System performance .29
7.7.1 Discharge time .29
7.7.2 Extended discharge.29
8 Commissioning and acceptance.30
8.1 General.30
8.2 Tests.30
8.2.1 General.30
8.2.2 Enclosure check .30
8.2.3 Review of mechanical components.30
8.2.4 Review of enclosure integrity.31
8.2.5 Review of electrical components.31
8.2.6 Preliminary functional tests.32
8.2.7 System functional operational test.32
8.2.8 Remote monitoring operations (if applicable).33
8.2.9 Control panel primary power source.33
8.2.10 Completion of functional tests.33
8.3 Completion certificate and documentation.33
9 Inspection, maintenance, testing and training .33
9.1 General.33
9.2 Inspection .33
9.2.1 General.33
9.2.2 Container .34
9.2.3 Hose .34
9.2.4 Enclosures.34
9.3 Maintenance .34
9.3.1 General.34
9.3.2 User's programme of inspection.34
9.3.3 Service schedule.35
9.4 Training.35
Annex A (normative) Working documents .36
Annex B (normative) Carbon dioxide system pipe and orifice size determination.38
Annex C (informative) System performance verification .46
Annex D (informative) General information on carbon dioxide.47
Annex E (informative) Examples of calculations .52

iv © ISO 2009 – All rights reserved

Foreword
ISO (the International Organization for Standardization) is a worldwide federation of national standards bodies
(ISO member bodies). The work of preparing International Standards is normally carried out through ISO
technical committees. Each member body interested in a subject for which a technical committee has been
established has the right to be represented on that committee. International organizations, governmental and
non-governmental, in liaison with ISO, also take part in the work. ISO collaborates closely with the
International Electrotechnical Commission (IEC) on all matters of electrotechnical standardization.
International Standards are drafted in accordance with the rules given in the ISO/IEC Directives, Part 2.
The main task of technical committees is to prepare International Standards. Draft International Standards
adopted by the technical committees are circulated to the member bodies for voting. Publication as an
International Standard requires approval by at least 75 % of the member bodies casting a vote.
Attention is drawn to the possibility that some of the elements of this document may be the subject of patent
rights. ISO shall not be held responsible for identifying any or all such patent rights.
ISO 6183 was prepared by Technical Committee ISO/TC 21, Equipment for fire protection and fire fighting,
Subcommittee SC 8, Gaseous media and firefighting systems using gas.
This second edition cancels and replaces the first edition (ISO 6183:1990) together with ISO 5923:1989,
which have been technically revised.
This corrected version of ISO 6183:2009 incorporates a change to the cancellation and replacement
statement in the Foreword: ISO 6183:2009 cancels and replaces not only ISO 6183:1990 but also
ISO 5923:1989.
Introduction
This International Standard is intended for use by those concerned with purchasing, designing, installing,
testing, inspecting, approving, operating and maintaining carbon dioxide (CO ) extinguishing systems.
This International Standard applies only to carbon dioxide fixed fire-extinguishing systems in buildings and
other premises on land. Although the general principles could well apply to other uses (e.g. maritime use), for
these other uses additional considerations will almost certainly have to be taken into account and the
application of the requirements given in this International Standard is therefore unlikely to be fully satisfactory.
General information about carbon dioxide as an extinguishing medium is given in Annex D. This can be useful
background information for those unfamiliar with the characteristics of this medium.
It has been assumed in the preparation of ISO 6183 that the execution of its provisions will be entrusted to
those persons appropriately qualified and experienced in the specification, design, installation, testing,
approval, inspection, operation and maintenance of systems and equipment, for whose guidance it has been
prepared, and who can be expected to exercise a duty of care to avoid unnecessary release of carbon dioxide.
New requirements to minimize the need to release carbon dioxide during testing and commissioning
procedures are included in this edition. These are linked to the inclusion of enclosure integrity testing.
Carbon dioxide has for many years been a recognized effective medium for the extinction of flammable liquid
fires as well as fires in the presence of electrical and ordinary Class A hazards. Nevertheless, it ought not be
forgotten, in the planning of comprehensive schemes, that there could be hazards for which this media is not
suitable, or that in certain circumstances or situations there can be dangers in its use requiring special
precautions.
The use of carbon dioxide is no longer recommended for total flooding of occupied areas. ISO 14520 provides
requirements for other extinguishing agents that can be more appropriately used in these areas.
It is important that the fire protection of a building or plant be considered as a whole. Carbon dioxide systems
form only a part, though an important part, of the available facilities. It cannot be assumed that their adoption
necessarily removes the need to consider supplementary measures, such as the provision of portable fire
extinguishers or other mobile appliances for first aid or emergency use, or to deal with special hazards.
Advice on these matters can be obtained from the appropriate manufacturer of the carbon dioxide or the
extinguishing system. Information can also be sought from the appropriate fire authority, the health and safety
authorities and insurers. In addition, reference will need to be made, as necessary, to other national standards
and statutory regulations of the particular country.
It is essential that firefighting equipment be carefully maintained to ensure instant readiness when required.
Routine maintenance is liable to be overlooked or given insufficient attention by the owner of the system. It is,
however, neglected at peril to the lives of occupants of the premises and at the risk of crippling financial loss.
The importance of maintenance cannot be too highly emphasized. Inspection — preferably by a third party —
should include an evaluation concluding that the extinguishing system continues to provide adequate
protection for the risk (protected zones as well as state of the art can change over time).

vi © ISO 2009 – All rights reserved

INTERNATIONAL STANDARD ISO 6183:2009(E)

Fire protection equipment — Carbon dioxide extinguishing
systems for use on premises — Design and installation
1 Scope
This International Standard specifies requirements and gives recommendations for the design, installation,
testing, maintenance and safety of fixed carbon dioxide firefighting systems in buildings, plant or other
structures. It is not applicable to extinguishing systems on ships, in aircraft, on vehicles and mobile fire
appliances, or to below-ground systems in the mining industry; nor does it apply to carbon dioxide pre-inerting
systems.
Design of systems where unclosable opening(s) exceed a specified area and where the opening(s) can be
subject to the effect of wind is not specified, although general guidance on the procedure to be followed in
such cases is given (see 7.4.3.2).
2 Normative references
The following referenced documents are indispensable for the application of this document. For dated
references, only the edition cited applies. For undated references, the latest edition of the referenced
document (including any amendments) applies.
ISO 1182:2002, Reaction to fire tests for building products — Non-combustibility test
ISO 3864-1:2002, Graphical symbols — Safety colours and safety signs — Part 1: Design principles for safety
signs in workplaces and public areas
ISO 5923:1989, Fire protection — Fire extinguishing media — Carbon dioxide
ISO 14520-1:2006, Gaseous fire extinguishing systems — Physical properties and system design — Part 1:
General requirements
ISO 16003:2008, Components for fire extinguishing systems using gas — Requirements and test methods —
Container valve assemblies and their actuators; selector valves and their actuators; nozzles; flexible and rigid
connectors; and check valves and non-return valves
3 Terms and definitions
For the purposes of this document, the following terms and definitions apply.
3.1
approved
acceptable to a relevant authority (3.2)
NOTE In determining the acceptability of installations or procedures, equipment or materials, the authority could base
acceptance on compliance with the appropriate standards.
3.2
authority
organization, office or individual responsible for approving equipment, installations or procedures
3.3
automatic/manual switch
means of converting the system from automatic to manual actuation
NOTE This can be in the form of a manual switch on the control panel or other units, or a personnel door interlock. In
all cases, this changes the actuation mode of the system from automatic and manual to manual only or vice versa.
3.4
clearance
air gap between equipment, including piping and nozzles and unenclosed or uninsulated live electrical
components at other than ground potential
3.5
deep-seated fire
fire involving solids subject to smouldering
3.6
design concentration
concentration of carbon dioxide, including a safety factor, required for system design purposes
3.7
engineered system
system in which the supply of carbon dioxide is discharged through a system of pipes and nozzles in which
the size of each section of pipe and nozzle orifice has been calculated in accordance with the requirements of
this International Standard
3.8
extinguishing concentration
minimum concentration of carbon dioxide required to extinguish a fire involving a particular fuel under defined
experimental conditions excluding any safety factor
3.9
fill density
mass of carbon dioxide per unit volume of container
3.10
design quantity
mass of carbon dioxide required to achieve the design concentration within the protected volume
3.11
volume
volume enclosed by the building elements around the protected enclosure
3.12
high-pressure storage
storage of carbon dioxide in pressure containers at ambient temperatures
3.13
hold time
period of time during which a concentration of carbon dioxide greater than the fire extinguishing concentration
is maintained
NOTE See 8.2.3.11.
2 © ISO 2009 – All rights reserved

3.14
inspection
visual check to give reasonable assurance that the extinguishing system is fully charged and operable
NOTE This is done by seeing that the system is in place, that it has not been activated or tampered with, and that
there is no obvious physical damage or condition to prevent operation.
3.15
liquid discharge time
time during which predominantly liquid carbon dioxide is present at the nozzle
3.16
lock-off device
manually operated shut-off valve installed in the discharge piping downstream of the carbon dioxide
containers, or other type of device that mechanically prevents agent container actuation
NOTE 1 The actuation of this device provides an indication of system isolation.
NOTE 2 The intent is to prevent the discharge of carbon dioxide into the hazard area when the lock-off device is
activated.
3.17
local application system
carbon dioxide supply permanently connected to fixed piping with nozzles arranged to discharge the carbon
dioxide directly onto the burning material or identified hazard
3.18
low-pressure storage
storage of carbon dioxide in pressure containers at a controlled low temperature, normally −18 °C to −20 °C
3.19
maintenance
thorough check to verify that the extinguishing system will operate as intended
NOTE It includes a thorough examination and any necessary repair or replacement of system components.
3.20
maximum working pressure
equilibrium pressure within a container at the maximum working temperature
NOTE 1 For high-pressure storage, at the maximum fill density. For a container in transit, the equilibrium pressure can
differ from that in storage within a building.
NOTE 2 For low-pressure storage, the pressure corresponding to the maximum controlled temperature of −18 °C.
3.21 Occupied and unoccupiable areas
3.21.1
normally occupied area
area intended for occupancy
3.21.2
normally unoccupied area
area not normally occupied by people but which may be entered occasionally for brief periods
3.21.3
unoccupiable area
area which cannot be occupied by people due to dimensional or other physical constraints
EXAMPLE Shallow voids and cabinets.
3.22
pre-engineered system
system that has predetermined flow rates, nozzle placement, and quantities of carbon dioxide and that
incorporates specific nozzles and methods of application that can differ from those detailed in this
International Standard
NOTE No deviation is permitted from the limits specified by the manufacturer or authority.
3.23
pre-liquid-vapour flow time
time from the opening of the container or selector valve to the start of predominantly liquid flow at the most
unfavourable nozzle
3.24
safety factor
multiplier of the carbon dioxide extinguishing concentration, used to determine minimum design concentration
3.25
selector valve
valve installed in the discharge piping downstream of the storage containers, used to direct the carbon dioxide
to the appropriate hazard
NOTE It is used where one or more storage containers are arranged to selectively discharge carbon dioxide to any of
several separate hazards.
3.26
surface fire
fire involving combustible or flammable liquids, gases and solids not subject to smouldering
3.27
total flooding system
system arranged to discharge carbon dioxide into an enclosed space to achieve the appropriate design
concentration
4 Use and limitations
4.1 General
The design, installation, service and maintenance of carbon dioxide fire-extinguishing systems shall be
performed by those competent in fire extinguishing system technology. Maintenance and installation shall only
be done by qualified personnel and companies.
4.2 Uses for carbon dioxide systems
Carbon dioxide, local application and total flooding fire-extinguishing systems are useful within the limits of this
International Standard in extinguishing fires involving specific hazards or equipment. The following are typical
of such hazards, but the list is not exhaustive:
a) combustible or flammable liquid and gases;
b) electrical hazards such as transformers, switches, circuit breakers, rotating equipment, and electronic
equipment;
c) engines utilizing gasoline and other flammable liquid fuels;
d) ordinary combustibles such as paper, wood, and textiles.
4 © ISO 2009 – All rights reserved

4.3 Limitations for carbon dioxide systems
Carbon dioxide cannot extinguish fires involving certain types of materials such as
a) chemicals containing their own supply of oxygen, such as cellulose nitrate, or
b) metals and chemicals which react with carbon dioxide, e.g. alkali metals and metal hydrides.
While carbon dioxide will not extinguish certain fuels containing their own oxygen of combustion, it will not
react dangerously with these materials or increase their burning rate. Carbon dioxide, if used in this situation
in a total flooding system, will provide protection for adjacent combustibles or can be successfully used if the
reactive metals or hydride are first covered by another material. Examples of the latter condition are sodium
stored or used under kerosene, cellulose nitrate in solution of lacquer thinner, and magnesium chips covered
with heavy oil.
4.4 Temperature limitations
All devices shall be designed for the service they will encounter and shall not be readily rendered inoperative
or susceptible to accidental operation. Devices shall normally be designed to function properly from −20 °C to
+50 °C, or marked to indicate temperature limitations, or in accordance with manufacturer's specifications,
which shall be marked on the name-plate, or (where there is no name-plate) in the manufacturer's instruction
manual.
5 Safety
5.1 Hazard to personnel
The discharge of carbon dioxide in fire-extinguishing concentration creates serious hazards to personnel, such
as suffocation and reduced visibility during and after the discharge period. Hazards to personnel created by
the discharge of carbon dioxide shall be considered in the design of the system.
Carbon dioxide gas is heavier than air and will collect in pits, wells, shaft bottoms or other low-lying areas, and
can migrate into adjacent places outside the protected space. Consideration shall also be given to places to
which the carbon dioxide can migrate or collect in the event of a discharge from a safety relief device of a
storage container.
Conformance with this International Standard does not remove the user's statutory responsibility to comply
with the appropriate safety regulations.
NOTE The safety precautions required by this International Standard do not address toxicological or physiological
effects associated with the products of combustion caused by fire.
5.2 Safety precautions
5.2.1 Normally occupied and normally unoccupied areas
The use of carbon dioxide is not recommended for total flooding of normally occupied and normally
unoccupied areas as long as comparable alternative firefighting methods are available. However, where
carbon dioxide systems are used to protect these areas, they shall be provided with the following.
a) A non-electrical time delay device and an electrical and pneumatic pre-discharge alarm that is distinct
from all other alarm signals or other approved combination of devices providing equivalent level of safety
and reliability. The pre-discharge alarm shall operate immediately on commencement of the time delay.
Factors such as the time for egress and the risk to the occupants by the fire should be considered when
determining the system discharge time delay.
b) Automatic/manual switch, with associated status indication.
c) Lock-off device, supervised to indicate a system fault if the valve is more than one eighth closed.
NOTE The purpose of the lock-off device is to physically prevent discharge of carbon dioxide into the protected
space — for example, during maintenance or if safe evacuation is not possible during the pre-warning time.
d) Emergency lighting and adequate direction signs for exit routes: continuous visual and audible alarms at
entrances and designated exits inside the protected area and continuous visual alarms outside the
protected area that operate until the protected area has been declared safe.
e) Designated exit doors that are outward swinging, self-closing and able to be opened from the inside, even
when locked from the outside.
f) Appropriate warning and instruction signs (see 5.2.2).
g) Means for prompt natural or forced-draft ventilation of such areas after any discharge of carbon dioxide.
Forced-draft ventilation will often be necessary. Care shall be taken to completely dissipate hazardous
atmospheres, and not just move them to other locations, as carbon dioxide is heavier than air.
Where it is possible for carbon dioxide gas to collect in pits, wells, shaft bottoms or other low-lying areas,
consideration shall be given to adding an odoriferous substance to the carbon dioxide.
Instructions to, and drills of, all personnel within or in the vicinity of protected areas, including maintenance or
construction personnel who could be brought into the area, shall be given to ensure their correct actions when
the system operates. Following discharge of the system, personnel should not enter the enclosure until it has
been declared as being safe to do so. Additional safety aspects such as breathing apparatus should be
considered.
The need to comply with national regulations or standards requiring other precautions shall be considered.
5.2.2 Warning notices for occupiable areas
Notices shall be provided at the following locations:
a) at all entrances to the protected enclosure (see Figures 1 and 2, and below);
b) at each emergency manual release point (see Figure 3);
c) at each lock-off valve (see Figure 4).
Where a lock-off valve is fitted, the notice illustrated in Figure 2 is complementary to the notice in Figure 1 and
should be located adjacent to it. Alternatively, the text may be incorporated in the same display notice.
Warning notices shall be coloured in accordance with ISO 3864-1 and shall be of a letter size equal to or
greater than that shown in Figures 1 to 4.

6 © ISO 2009 – All rights reserved

THIS AREA IS FITTED WITH A
CARBON DIOXIDE FIRE
EXTINGUISHING SYSTEM
EVACUATE AREA ON SOUNDING
OF ALARM
DO NOT ENTER
AFTER EXTINGUISHING AGENT DISCHARGE UNTIL THE AREA HAS BEEN
THOROUGLY VENTILATED
Figure 1 — Typical instruction notice to be displayed at each entry to the protected area or enclosure

WARNING
LOCK OFF
CARBON DIOXIDE FIRE
EXTINGUISHING SYSTEM
BEFORE ENTERING
[Identify protected area]
Figure 2 — Typical lock-off warning system notice
CARBON DIOXIDE FIRE EXTINGUISHING
SYSTEM
MANUAL RELEASE FOR
[identify protected area]
WARNING
ENSURE AREA IS EVACUATED BEFORE
OPERATING
Figure 3 — Typical instruction notice to be displayed at the manual release

CARBON DIOXIDE FIRE
EXTINGUISHING SYSTEM
LOCK-OFF VALVE FOR
[identify protected area)]
WARNING
ENSURE AREA IS CLEAR OF
PERSONNEL BEFORE OPENING
VALVE
[identify protected area]
Figure 4 — Typical lock-off valve notice
8 © ISO 2009 – All rights reserved

5.2.3 Warning notices for unoccupiable areas
For carbon dioxide systems protecting unoccupiable areas, appropriate warning and instruction signs shall be
provided adjacent to access points to the protected space. An example of a typical notice is shown in Figure 5.
Additional notices may be provided at each emergency manual release point (see Figure 3).

WARNING
(identify protected area)
IS FITTED WITH A CARBON
DIOXIDE FIRE EXTINGUISHING
SYSTEM
ENSURE AREA IS THOROUGHLY
VENTILATED AFTER SYSTEM
DISCHARGE
Figure 5 — Typical warning notice to be displayed at access point to the protected
unoccupiable area
5.3 Electrical hazards
Where exposed electrical conductors are present, clearances no smaller than those given in Table 1 shall be
provided, where practicable, between the electrical conductors and all parts of the system able to be
approached during maintenance. Where these clearance distances cannot be achieved, warning notices shall
be provided and a safe system of maintenance work shall be adopted.
The system should be arranged so that all normal operations can be carried out safely by the operator.
Table 1 — Safety clearances to enable operation, inspection, cleaning, repairs, painting
and normal maintenance work to be carried out
Minimum clearance from any point on or about the permanent equipment
a
where a person may be required to stand
Maximum rated
To the nearest part not at earth potential
voltage
To the nearest unscreened live
b
of an insulator supporting a live
conductor in air (section clearance)
conductor (ground clearance)
kV m m
15 2,6
33 2,75 2,5
44 2,90
66 3,10
88 3,20
110 3,35
132 3,50
165 3,80
220 4,30
275 4,60
a
Measured from position of the feet.
b
The term insulator includes all forms of insulating supports, such as pedestal and suspension insulators, bushings, cable
sealing ends and the insulating supports of certain types of circuit breaker.

5.4 Electrical earthing
Systems within electrical substations or switchrooms shall be efficiently bonded and earthed to prevent the
metalwork becoming electrically charged.
5.5 Electrostatic discharge
CAUTION — Care should be taken when discharging carbon dioxide into potentially explosive
atmospheres. Electrostatic charging of conductors not bonded to earth can occur during the
discharge of carbon dioxide. These conductors can discharge to other objects with sufficient energy
to initiate an explosion.
The system shall be adequately bonded and earthed to minimize the risk of electrostatic discharge.
6 System design
6.1 General
This clause sets out the requirements for the design of the extinguishing system.
The need for ancillary systems and components to comply with national regulations or standards shall be
considered.
10 © ISO 2009 – All rights reserved

6.1.1 Specifications
Specifications for carbon dioxide fire-extinguishing systems shall be prepared under the supervision of a
person fully experienced in the design of such systems and, where appropriate, with the advice of the
authority. The specifications shall include all pertinent items necessary for the proper design of the system,
such as the designation of the authority, variances from the standard to be permitted by the authority, design
criteria, system sequence of operations, the type and extent of the acceptance testing to be performed after
installation of the system and owner training requirements.
6.1.2 Working documents
Layout and system proposal documents shall be submitted for approval to the authority before installation or
modification begins. The type of documentation required is specified in Annex A.
6.2 Carbon dioxide supply
6.2.1 Quality
The carbon dioxide shall comply with ISO 5923.
6.2.2 Quantity
6.2.2.1 The amount of carbon dioxide in the system shall be at least sufficient for the largest single
hazard or group of hazards that are to be protected against simultaneously.
6.2.2.2 If several extinguishing zones are served by one carbon dioxide battery or one container system,
a selector valve shall be provided for each extinguishing zone. Selector valves for cylinder systems shall open
automatically before or at the same time as the operation of the cylinder valves.
6.2.2.3 The determined carbon dioxide quantity required shall be stored so as to be available at all times
and shall not be used for other purposes.
6.2.2.4 Additional quantities of carbon dioxide shall be stored in accordance with the following.
a) Low-pressure systems
1) In order to equalize charge or drain tolerances and gas residues, the quantities of carbon dioxide to
be stored for low-pressure systems as determined for the largest extinguishing zone shall be
increased by at least 10 %.
2) If there is a possibility that liquid carbon dioxide might remain in the piping between storage container
and nozzle pipe system, the carbon dioxide store shall be increased by this remaining quantity, in
addition to the 10 % increase specified in item 1) above.
b) High-pressure systems
In the case of local application systems, the design quantity of carbon dioxide shall b
...

NORME ISO
INTERNATIONALE 6183
Deuxième édition
2009-06-15
Équipement de protection contre
l'incendie — Installations fixes
d'extinction par dioxyde de carbone
utilisées dans les bâtiments —
Conception et installation
Fire protection equipment — Carbon dioxide extinguishing systems for
use on premises — Design and installation

Numéro de référence
©
ISO 2009
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DOCUMENT PROTÉGÉ PAR COPYRIGHT

©  ISO 2009
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Version française parue en 2010
Publié en Suisse
ii © ISO 2009 – Tous droits réservés

Sommaire Page
Avant-propos .v
Introduction.vi
1 Domaine d'application .1
2 Références normatives.1
3 Termes et définitions .1
4 Utilisation et restrictions .4
4.1 Généralités .4
4.2 Utilisations des systèmes d'extinction d’incendie au dioxyde de carbone .5
4.3 Restrictions des systèmes d'extinction d’incendie au dioxyde de carbone.5
4.4 Limites de température.5
5 Sécurité.5
5.1 Risques pour le personnel .5
5.2 Précautions de sécurité.6
5.2.1 Zones normalement occupées et zones normalement non occupées .6
5.2.2 Panneaux d'avertissement pour les zones pouvant être occupées .7
5.2.3 Panneaux d'avertissement pour les zones ne pouvant pas être occupées.9
5.3 Risques électriques.10
5.4 Mise à la terre.11
5.5 Décharges électrostatiques .11
6 Conception du système.11
6.1 Généralités .11
6.1.1 Spécifications .12
6.1.2 Documents de travail .12
6.2 Alimentation en dioxyde de carbone.12
6.2.1 Qualité.12
6.2.2 Quantité .12
6.2.3 Disposition des réservoirs .13
6.2.4 Réservoirs de stockage .13
6.3 Distribution .15
6.3.1 Généralités .15
6.3.2 Tuyauteries .16
6.3.3 Raccords .16
6.3.4 Supports de tuyauteries et de vannes .16
6.3.5 Vannes.17
6.3.6 Diffuseurs.18
6.4 Enceintes (noyage total).19
6.4.1 Résistance structurale.19
6.4.2 Pertes au travers d'ouvertures.19
6.4.3 Systèmes de ventilation.19
6.5 Systèmes de détection, d'activation et de commande.20
6.5.1 Généralités .20
6.5.2 Arrêt de l'installation de production et des équipements.20
6.5.3 Détection automatique.20
6.5.4 Dispositifs de mise en œuvre .20
6.5.5 Équipement de commande.21
6.5.6 Alarmes et indicateurs de fonctionnement.22
7 Calculs de débit et de concentration du dioxyde de carbone .22
7.1 Généralités .22
7.2 Calculs de débit du système .22
7.2.1 Généralités .22
7.2.2 Pertes par friction .22
7.2.3 Chute de pression.23
7.2.4 Vannes et raccords.23
7.2.5 Calculs représentant l'installation finale.23
7.2.6 Exigences spécifiques .23
7.3 Exigences relatives à la concentration du dioxyde de carbone .24
7.3.1 Extinction des flammes.24
7.3.2 Détermination de la concentration nominale.24
7.3.3 Inertage .24
7.4 Quantité pour noyage total .25
7.4.1 Généralités .25
7.4.2 Quantité nominale.25
7.4.3 Facteur K .25
B
7.5 Conception des systèmes par protection locale.27
7.5.1 Généralités .27
7.5.2 Exigences concernant le dioxyde de carbone.27
7.5.3 Débit par la méthode des surfaces .28
7.5.4 Débit par la méthode des volumes .30
7.6 Durée de protection.31
7.7 Performances du système .32
7.7.1 Temps d'émission.32
7.7.2 Émission prolongée .32
8 Mise en service et réception.32
8.1 Généralités .32
8.2 Essais.32
8.2.1 Généralités .32
8.2.2 Vérification de l'enceinte.33
8.2.3 Examen des composants mécaniques.33
8.2.4 Examen de l'intégrité de l'enceinte .34
8.2.5 Examen des composants électriques.34
8.2.6 Essais préliminaires de fonctionnement.35
8.2.7 Essai de fonctionnement du système .35
8.2.8 Fonctions de surveillance à distance des opérations (le cas échéant) .36
8.2.9 Source d'alimentation principale du tableau de commande.36
8.2.10 Achèvement des essais de fonctionnement.36
8.3 Certificat d'achèvement des essais et documentation.36
9 Contrôle, maintenance, essais et formation .37
9.1 Généralités .37
9.2 Contrôle .37
9.2.1 Généralités .37
9.2.2 Réservoir .37
9.2.3 Tuyaux .37
9.2.4 Enceintes .37
9.3 Maintenance .38
9.3.1 Généralités .38
9.3.2 Programme de contrôle de l'utilisateur .38
9.3.3 Planning d'entretien .38
9.4 Formation .38
Annexe A (normative) Documents de travail .39
Annexe B (normative) Calcul des tuyauteries et de la dimension des orifices d'un système au
dioxyde de carbone .41
Annexe C (informative) Vérification des performances du système .49
Annexe D (informative) Informations générales sur le dioxyde de carbone.50
Annexe E (informative) Exemples de calculs .55
Bibliographie .58

iv © ISO 2009 – Tous droits réservés

Avant-propos
L'ISO (Organisation internationale de normalisation) est une fédération mondiale d'organismes nationaux de
normalisation (comités membres de l'ISO). L'élaboration des Normes internationales est en général confiée
aux comités techniques de l'ISO. Chaque comité membre intéressé par une étude a le droit de faire partie du
comité technique créé à cet effet. Les organisations internationales, gouvernementales et non
gouvernementales, en liaison avec l'ISO participent également aux travaux. L'ISO collabore étroitement avec
la Commission électrotechnique internationale (CEI) en ce qui concerne la normalisation électrotechnique.
Les Normes internationales sont rédigées conformément aux règles données dans les Directives ISO/CEI,
Partie 2.
La tâche principale des comités techniques est d'élaborer les Normes internationales. Les projets de Normes
internationales adoptés par les comités techniques sont soumis aux comités membres pour vote. Leur
publication comme Normes internationales requiert l'approbation de 75 % au moins des comités membres
votants.
L'attention est appelée sur le fait que certains des éléments du présent document peuvent faire l'objet de
droits de propriété intellectuelle ou de droits analogues. L'ISO ne saurait être tenue pour responsable de ne
pas avoir identifié de tels droits de propriété et averti de leur existence.
L'ISO 6183 a été élaborée par le comité technique ISO/TC 21, Équipement de protection et de lutte contre
l'incendie, sous-comité SC 8, Matériel à gaz et systèmes fixes de lutte contre l'incendie à gaz.
Cette deuxième édition annule et remplace la première édition de l’ISO 6183:1990 ainsi que l’ISO 5923:1989,
qui ont fait l'objet d'une révision technique.
La présente version française de l'ISO 6183:2009 correspond à la version anglaise corrigée du 2009-09-15.
Introduction
La présente Norme internationale est prévue pour être utilisée par les personnes responsables de l'achat, de
la conception, de l'installation, des essais, du contrôle, de l'approbation, du fonctionnement et de la
maintenance des systèmes d'extinction d’incendie au dioxyde de carbone (CO ).
La présente Norme internationale s’applique uniquement aux systèmes d'extinction d’incendie au dioxyde de
carbone installés dans des bâtiments ou autres locaux sur terre. Bien que les principes généraux puissent
également s'appliquer à d'autres utilisations (par exemple à bord des navires), il sera dans ce cas
certainement nécessaire de prendre en compte d'autres facteurs et, de ce fait, l'application de la présente
Norme internationale ne sera certainement pas tout à fait satisfaisante. L'Annexe D donne des informations
générales sur le dioxyde de carbone en tant qu'agent extincteur. Elle correspond à une information de base
utile aux personnes n'ayant pas une connaissance approfondie des caractéristiques de cet agent.
L'élaboration de la présente Norme internationale repose sur l'hypothèse que l'exécution de ses dispositions
sera confiée à des personnes, dûment qualifiées et familiarisées avec la spécification, la conception,
l'installation, les essais, l'approbation, le contrôle, le fonctionnement et la maintenance des systèmes et des
équipements. Ces personnes sont supposées faire preuve de la plus grande vigilance pour éviter toute
émission inutile de dioxyde de carbone. La présente édition contient de nouvelles exigences pour minimiser
les émissions de dioxyde de carbone au cours des procédures d'essai et de mise en service. Ces exigences
sont liées à l'ajout d'un essai d'intégrité de l'enceinte.
Le dioxyde de carbone constitue, depuis de nombreuses années, un moyen efficace et reconnu d'extinction
des incendies de liquides inflammables et des incendies survenant dans des locaux où existent des risques
électriques et ordinaires de classe A. Toutefois, il convient de se rappeler que, lors du développement de
solutions globales, il peut exister des risques pour lesquels ces moyens ne sont pas appropriés, ou que, dans
certaines circonstances ou situations, leur utilisation peut présenter un certain danger nécessitant des
précautions particulières.
L'utilisation de dioxyde de carbone n'est plus recommandée pour la protection d'ambiance (noyage total) de
zones occupées. L'ISO 14520 fournit des exigences pour d'autres agents extincteurs pouvant être utilisés de
manière plus appropriée dans ces zones.
Il est important de considérer la protection contre l'incendie d'un bâtiment ou d'une usine dans son ensemble.
Les systèmes d'extinction d’incendie au dioxyde de carbone, bien qu'occupant une place importante, ne
constituent qu'une partie des équipements disponibles. Il ne peut être tenu pour acquis que leur utilisation
supprime nécessairement toute mesure supplémentaire, telle que la fourniture d'extincteurs portables ou
autres appareils mobiles de premier secours ou de première urgence, ou qu'elle dispense de s'intéresser aux
risques particuliers.
Le fabricant du dioxyde de carbone ou du système d'extinction peut fournir des conseils relatifs à ces
questions. Des informations peuvent également être obtenues auprès de la brigade de pompiers appropriée,
des autorités de protection de la santé et de la sécurité ainsi que des assureurs. De plus, il faudra, le cas
échéant, se reporter aux autres normes nationales et à la réglementation légale du pays concerné.
Il est essentiel que les équipements de lutte contre l'incendie soient correctement entretenus afin de garantir
leur disponibilité immédiate le moment voulu. L'utilisateur du système peut parfois négliger ou accorder une
attention insuffisante à cet entretien de routine, une négligence qui se fait au péril de la vie des occupants et
peut entraîner une perte financière. On ne saurait trop insister sur l'importance de la maintenance. Il convient
que les contrôles (effectués de préférence par une tierce partie) comprennent une évaluation permettant de
confirmer que le système continue à assurer une protection adéquate contre le risque (les zones protégées et
l'état de la technique peuvent évoluer avec le temps).

vi © ISO 2009 – Tous droits réservés

NORME INTERNATIONALE ISO 6183:2009(F)

Équipement de protection contre l'incendie — Installations fixes
d'extinction par dioxyde de carbone utilisées dans les
bâtiments — Conception et installation
1 Domaine d'application
La présente Norme internationale spécifie des exigences et donne des recommandations pour la conception,
l'installation, les essais, la maintenance et la sécurité des systèmes fixes de lutte contre l'incendie utilisant du
dioxyde de carbone, dans les bâtiments, les usines et autres structures. Elle ne s'applique ni aux systèmes
d'extinction utilisés à bord des navires, des avions, des véhicules, ni aux installations mobiles, ni à celles
utilisées dans l'industrie minière souterraine; de même, elle ne s'applique pas aux systèmes d'inertage par
dioxyde de carbone.
La conception de systèmes dans lesquels les ouvertures non obturables dépassent une surface spécifiée et
peuvent subir les effets du vent n'est pas spécifiée, bien qu'une méthode générale concernant la méthode à
suivre dans ces cas-là soit donnée (voir 7.4.3.2).
2 Références normatives
Les documents de référence suivants sont indispensables pour l'application du présent document. Pour les
références datées, seule l'édition citée s'applique. Pour les références non datées, la dernière édition du
document de référence s'applique (y compris les éventuels amendements).
ISO 3864-1:2002, Symboles graphiques — Couleurs de sécurité et signaux de sécurité — Partie 1: Principes
de conception pour les signaux de sécurité sur les lieux de travail et dans les lieux publics
ISO 5923, Protection contre l'incendie — Agents extincteurs — Dioxyde de carbone
ISO 14520-1:2006, Systèmes d'extinction d'incendie utilisant des agents gazeux — Propriétés physiques et
conception des systèmes — Partie 1: Exigences générales
ISO 16003, Composants pour les systèmes d'extinction d'incendie utilisant des agents gazeux — Exigences
et méthodes d'essai — Vannes de réservoir et leurs dispositifs d'asservissement; vannes de sélection et leurs
dispositifs d'asservissement; diffuseurs; connecteurs flexibles et rigides; et vannes d'arrêt et clapets de
retenue
3 Termes et définitions
Pour les besoins du présent document, les termes et définitions suivants s'appliquent.
3.1
approuvé
acceptable pour l'autorité (3.2) compétente
NOTE Pour déterminer l'acceptabilité des installations ou des procédures, des équipements ou des matériaux,
l'autorité peut fonder sa décision sur la conformité aux normes appropriées.
3.2
autorité
organisme, bureau ou personne responsable de l'approbation des équipements, des installations ou des
modes opératoires
3.3
commutateur de fonction automatique/manuelle
dispositif permettant de faire passer le système du mode automatique au mode manuel
NOTE Il peut s'agir d'un interrupteur manuel placé sur le panneau de commande ou sur d'autres unités, ou d'un
verrouillage des portes d'accès du personnel. Dans tous les cas, il modifie le mode d'activation de l'équipement qui passe
du mode automatique et manuel au mode manuel uniquement ou inversement.
3.4
distance de séparation
distance de séparation entre les équipements, y compris tuyauteries et diffuseurs, ou entre composants
électriques sous tension non protégés ou non isolés et dont le potentiel est différent de celui de la terre
3.5
feu profond
feu impliquant des solides exposés à un feu couvant
3.6
concentration nominale
concentration de dioxyde de carbone, incluant un facteur de sécurité, nécessaire pour remplir les objectifs de
conception du système
3.7
système centralisé
système dans lequel le dioxyde de carbone est émis par un système de tuyauteries et de diffuseurs dans
lequel les dimensions de chaque tronçon de tuyauterie et de chaque orifice de diffuseur ont été calculées en
conformité avec les parties concernées de la présente Norme internationale
3.8
concentration d'extinction
concentration minimale de dioxyde de carbone, nécessaire pour éteindre un feu impliquant un combustible
particulier dans des conditions expérimentales définies, qui ne comprend pas de facteur de sécurité
3.9
taux de remplissage
masse de dioxyde de carbone par unité de volume du réservoir
3.10
quantité nominale
masse de dioxyde de carbone requise pour obtenir la concentration nominale à l'intérieur de la zone protégée
3.11
volume
volume circonscrit par les éléments de la construction autour de l'enceinte protégée
3.12
stockage à haute pression
stockage de dioxyde de carbone dans des réservoirs sous pression à température ambiante
3.13
temps de rétention
période pendant laquelle une concentration de dioxyde de carbone supérieure à la concentration d'extinction
d'un incendie est maintenue
NOTE Voir 8.2.3.11.
2 © ISO 2009 – Tous droits réservés

3.14
contrôle
vérification visuelle qui donne l'assurance raisonnable que le système d'extinction est complètement chargé et
opérationnel
NOTE Cela se fait en vérifiant que le système est en place, qu'il n'a pas été actionné ou forcé et qu'aucun dommage
physique ou mauvais état évident n'empêche son fonctionnement.
3.15
émission sous forme liquide
durée pendant laquelle du dioxyde de carbone essentiellement liquide est présent au niveau du diffuseur
3.16
dispositif de verrouillage
dispositif coupe-feu à commande manuelle installé dans la tuyauterie d'émission, en aval des réservoirs de
dioxyde de carbone ou autre type de dispositif qui empêche mécaniquement d'agir sur le réservoir d'agent
extincteur
NOTE 1 L'activation de ce dispositif fournit une indication sur l'isolement du système.
NOTE 2 L'objectif est de prévenir l'émission de dioxyde de carbone dans la zone dangereuse lorsque le dispositif de
verrouillage est activé.
3.17
système par protection locale
alimentation fixe de dioxyde de carbone reliée en permanence à une tuyauterie fixe équipée de diffuseurs
disposés de façon à émettre le dioxyde de carbone directement sur le matériau en feu ou sur le risque
identifié
3.18
stockage à basse pression
stockage du dioxyde de carbone dans des réservoirs sous pression à une basse température contrôlée,
normalement comprise entre −18 °C et −20 °C
3.19
maintenance
contrôle approfondi pour vérifier que le système d'extinction fonctionnera comme prévu
NOTE Cela comprend un examen complet et toutes les réparations nécessaires ou le remplacement des
composants du système.
3.20
pression maximale de service
pression d'équilibre dans un réservoir à la température maximale de service
NOTE 1 Pour le stockage à haute pression, au taux maximal de chargement. La pression d'équilibre d'un réservoir en
mouvement peut être différente de celle d'un réservoir stocké dans un bâtiment.
NOTE 2 Pour un stockage à basse pression, la pression correspondant à la température contrôlée maximale de
−18 °C.
3.21 Zones occupées et zones ne pouvant pas être occupées
3.21.1
zone normalement occupée
zone prévue pour être occupée
3.21.2
zone normalement non occupée
zone normalement non occupée par des personnes mais qui peut l'être occasionnellement pour de courtes
périodes
3.21.3
zone ne pouvant pas être occupée
zone qui ne peut pas être occupée par des personnes en raison de ses dimensions ou d'autres contraintes
physiques
EXEMPLE Espaces vides peu profonds, armoires.
3.22
système modulaire
système ayant des débits, des positions de diffuseurs et des quantités de dioxyde de carbone prédéterminés
et comprenant des diffuseurs spécifiques et des méthodes de protection qui peuvent être différentes de celles
décrites dans la présente Norme internationale
NOTE Aucun écart n'est admis par rapport aux limites spécifiées par le fabricant ou l'autorité.
3.23
émission à l'état de vapeur
durée entre l'ouverture d'une vanne de réservoir ou d'une vanne directionnelle et le début de l'écoulement
essentiellement liquide au niveau du diffuseur le plus défavorable
3.24
facteur de sécurité
multiplicateur de la concentration d'extinction du dioxyde de carbone, utilisé pour déterminer la concentration
nominale minimale
3.25
vanne directionnelle
vanne installée sur la tuyauterie d'émission, en aval des réservoirs de stockage, pour permettre une émission
sélective du dioxyde de carbone vers le risque concerné
NOTE Elle est utilisée lorsqu'un ou plusieurs réservoirs de stockage sont disposés de manière à émettre
sélectivement le dioxyde de carbone vers n'importe quel risque dans un ensemble de risques individuels.
3.26
feu de surface
incendie impliquant des liquides, des gaz et des solides combustibles ou inflammables non exposés à un feu
couvant
3.27
installation de protection d'ambiance
noyage total
système prévu pour émettre le dioxyde de carbone dans un espace fermé et obtenir la concentration
nominale appropriée
4 Utilisation et restrictions
4.1 Généralités
La conception, l'installation, l'exploitation et la maintenance des systèmes d'extinction d'incendie par dioxyde
de carbone doivent être réalisées par des personnes compétentes en technologie de systèmes d'extinction
d'incendie. La maintenance et l'installation doivent être uniquement réalisées par des personnes et des
entreprises qualifiées.
4 © ISO 2009 – Tous droits réservés

4.2 Utilisations des systèmes d'extinction d’incendie au dioxyde de carbone
Les systèmes d'extinction d’incendie au dioxyde de carbone, par protection locale et par protection
d'ambiance (noyage total) sont utilisés, dans les limites de la présente Norme internationale, pour l'extinction
des incendies impliquant des risques ou des équipements spécifiques. Les éléments énumérés ci-dessous en
font partie, sans toutefois que cette liste soit exhaustive:
a) liquides et gaz combustibles ou inflammables;
b) risques électriques tels que transformateurs, commutateurs, disjoncteurs, équipements rotatifs et
équipements électroniques;
c) moteurs utilisant de l'essence et autres carburants liquides inflammables;
d) produits combustibles ordinaires tels que papier, bois et textiles.
4.3 Restrictions des systèmes d'extinction d’incendie au dioxyde de carbone
Le dioxyde de carbone ne peut pas éteindre des incendies impliquant certains types de matériaux tels que
a) les produits chimiques dégageant de l'oxygène, par exemple le nitrate de cellulose, ou
b) les métaux et les produits chimiques réagissant avec le dioxyde de carbone, par exemple les métaux
alcalins et les hydrures métalliques.
Bien que le dioxyde de carbone ne soit pas en mesure d'éteindre certains combustibles contenant leur propre
oxygène de combustion, il ne réagira pas dangereusement avec ces matériaux et n'augmentera pas leur
vitesse de combustion. S'il est utilisé dans cette situation dans un système par protection d'ambiance (noyage
total), le dioxyde de carbone assurera la protection des matériaux combustibles voisins ou pourra être utilisé
avec succès si les métaux ou les hydrures métalliques réactifs sont d'abord recouverts par un autre matériau
(par exemple du sodium stocké ou utilisé sous du kérosène, du nitrate de sodium en solution dans un solvant
pour peinture et des copeaux de magnésium recouverts d'huile lourde).
4.4 Limites de température
Tous les dispositifs doivent être conçus pour les utilisations prévues et ne doivent pas pouvoir être rendus
facilement inopérants ou susceptibles de fonctionner de manière intempestive. Les dispositifs doivent
normalement être conçus pour fonctionner correctement à des températures comprises entre −20 °C
et +50 °C ou porter des indications de limites de température, ou fonctionner conformément aux spécifications
du fabricant qui doivent figurer sur la plaque signalétique ou, à défaut, dans le manuel d'instruction.
5 Sécurité
5.1 Risques pour le personnel
L'émission de dioxyde de carbone en concentration d'extinction engendre des risques sérieux pour le
personnel, tels que suffocation et visibilité réduite pendant et après la période d'émission. Les risques pour le
personnel engendrés par l'émission de dioxyde de carbone doivent être pris en compte lors de la conception
du système.
Plus lourd que l'air, le dioxyde de carbone gazeux s'accumulera dans les excavations, cages, fonds de puits
ou autres parties basses. Il est également nécessaire de prêter une attention particulière aux endroits vers
lesquels le dioxyde de carbone peut migrer ou s'accumuler en cas d'émission à partir d'un dispositif de
décharge de sécurité ou d'un réservoir de stockage.
La conformité à la présente Norme internationale ne décharge pas l'utilisateur de l'obligation légale de
satisfaire aux réglementations de sécurité appropriées.
NOTE Les précautions de sécurité requises par la présente Norme internationale ne concernent pas les effets
toxicologiques ou physiologiques associés aux produits de combustion générés par l'incendie.
5.2 Précautions de sécurité
5.2.1 Zones normalement occupées et zones normalement non occupées
L'utilisation de dioxyde de carbone n'est pas recommandée pour la protection d'ambiance (noyage total) des
zones normalement occupées et des zones normalement non occupées, si d'autres méthodes comparables
de lutte contre l'incendie sont disponibles. Cependant, lorsque des systèmes au dioxyde de carbone sont
utilisés pour protéger ces zones, ils doivent être munis des dispositifs suivants:
a) un dispositif non électrique de temporisation et une alarme électrique et pneumatique de pré-émission
distincts de tous les autres signaux d'alarme, ou une autre combinaison de dispositifs assurant un niveau
équivalent de sécurité et de fiabilité. L'alarme de pré-émission doit fonctionner dès que commence la
temporisation. Il convient de prendre en considération les facteurs tels que le temps d'émission et le
risque que représente l'incendie pour les occupants pour déterminer la temporisation d'émission du
système;
b) un commutateur de fonction automatique/manuelle, avec indication d'état associée;
c) un dispositif de verrouillage, pour indiquer une défaillance du système si la vanne est fermée à plus d'un
huitième;
NOTE Le but du dispositif de verrouillage est d'empêcher physiquement l'émission de dioxyde de carbone dans
l'espace protégé, par exemple lors d'interventions de maintenance ou lorsque l'évacuation en toute sécurité n'est pas
possible durant la période de pré-alarme.
d) un éclairage de sécurité et des signaux de direction adéquats pour les itinéraires de sortie: des dispositifs
d'alerte visuelle et sonore permanents au niveau des entrées et des sorties repérées à l'intérieur de la
zone protégée, ainsi que des alertes visuelles permanentes à l'extérieur de la zone protégée qui
fonctionnent jusqu'à ce que la zone ait été déclarée en sécurité;
e) des portes de sortie repérées, à fermeture automatique, s'ouvrant uniquement vers l'extérieur et pouvant
s'ouvrir de l'intérieur même lorsqu'elles sont verrouillées de l'extérieur;
f) des panneaux d'avertissement et d'instructions appropriés (voir 5.2.2);
g) des moyens pour assurer la ventilation naturelle ou forcée de ces zones après toute émission de dioxyde
de carbone. La ventilation forcée sera souvent nécessaire. Il faut veiller à dissiper entièrement toute
atmosphère dangereuse et ne pas se contenter de la déplacer vers un autre endroit, car le dioxyde de
carbone est plus lourd que l'air.
Lorsqu'il est possible que le dioxyde de carbone s'accumule dans des excavations, cages, fonds de puits ou
autres parties basses, il est nécessaire d’envisager l’ajout d’une substance odorisante au dioxyde de carbone.
Des instructions et des exercices d'entraînement de tout le personnel travaillant au voisinage des zones
protégées, y compris le personnel de montage et de maintenance pouvant se trouver dans la zone, doivent
être assurés pour garantir les bons comportements lors du fonctionnement du système. Suite à l'émission du
dioxyde de carbone par le système, il convient que le personnel ne pénètre pas dans l'enceinte tant qu'il n'est
pas autorisé à le faire en toute sécurité. Il convient d'envisager d'autres éléments liés à la sécurité, par
exemple des appareils respiratoires.
Il est nécessaire de prendre en compte la nécessité de se conformer à la réglementation et aux normes
nationales exigeant d'autres précautions.
6 © ISO 2009 – Tous droits réservés

5.2.2 Panneaux d'avertissement pour les zones pouvant être occupées
Des panneaux d'avertissement doivent être prévus aux emplacements suivants:
a) toutes les entrées menant à l'enceinte protégée (voir Figures 1 et 2, et ci-dessous);
b) chaque point de déclenchement manuel d'urgence (voir Figure 3);
c) chaque vanne de verrouillage (voir Figure 4).
Si une vanne de verrouillage est installée, le panneau illustré à la Figure 2 est complémentaire du panneau
illustré à la Figure 1 et il convient de le placer à proximité de celui-ci. Autrement, il est possible d'intégrer le
texte dans le même panneau d'affichage.
La couleur des panneaux d'avertissement doit être conforme à l'ISO 3864-1 et la taille des lettres doit être
égale ou supérieure à celle indiquée aux Figures 1 à 4.

CETTE ZONE EST ÉQUIPÉE D'UN
SYSTEME D'EXTINCTION
PAR DIOXYDE DE
CARBONE
EVACUER LA ZONE DES LE
DECLENCHEMENT DE L'ALARME
SONORE
DEFENSE D'ENTRER
APRES L'EMISSION DE L'AGENT EXTINCTEUR ET JUSQU'A CE QUE LA ZONE SOIT
COMPLETEMENT VENTILEE
Figure 1 — Panneau d'instructions type à afficher à chaque entrée
de la zone ou de l'enceinte protégée
AVERTISSEMENT
VERROUILLER
LE SYSTEME D'EXTINCTION
PAR DIOXYDE DE CARBONE
AVANT D'ENTRER
[Identifier la zone protégée]
Figure 2 — Panneau d'avertissement type de verrouillage de système

SYSTEME D'EXTINCTION PAR DIOXYDE DE
CARBONE
DECLENCHEMENT MANUEL POUR
[Identifier la zone protégée]
AVERTISSEMENT
S'ASSURER QUE LA ZONE A ETE EVACUEE
AVANT D'INTERVENIR
Figure 3 — Panneau d'instructions type à afficher au niveau du dispositif de déclenchement manuel
8 © ISO 2009 – Tous droits réservés

VANNE DE VERROUILLAGE DU
SYSTEME D'EXTINCTION PAR
DIOXYDE DE CARBONE POUR
[Identifier la zone protégée]
AVERTISSEMENT
S'ASSURER QUE LA ZONE A ETE
EVACUEE AVANT D'OUVRIR LA
VANNE
[Identifier la zone protégée]
Figure 4 — Panneau type pour vanne de verrouillage
5.2.3 Panneaux d'avertissement pour les zones ne pouvant pas être occupées
Pour les systèmes au dioxyde de carbone protégeant des zones ne pouvant pas être occupées, des
panneaux d'avertissement et d'instructions appropriés doivent être prévus à proximité des points d'accès à
l'espace protégé. Un exemple de panneau type est représenté à la Figure 5.
Des panneaux supplémentaires peuvent être prévus à chaque point de déclenchement manuel d'urgence
(voir Figure 3).
AVERTISSEMENT
[Identifier la zone protégée]
EST EQUIPEE D'UN SYSTEME
D'EXTINCTION AU DIOXYDE DE
CARBONE
S'ASSURER QUE LA ZONE A ETE
COMPLETEMENT VENTILEE APRES
L'ACTIVATION DU SYSTEME AU
DIOXYDE DE CARBONE
Figure 5 — Panneau d'avertissement type à afficher au point d'accès
à la zone protégée ne pouvant pas être occupée
5.3 Risques électriques
En présence de conducteurs électriques exposés, des distances de séparation au moins égales à celles
données dans le Tableau 1 doivent, autant que possible, être prévues entre les conducteurs électriques et
tous les éléments du système susceptibles d'être approchés au cours de la maintenance. Si ces distances de
séparation ne peuvent pas être obtenues, des panneaux d'avertissement doivent être prévus et un système
sûr doit être adopté pour les travaux de maintenance.
Il convient que le système s
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