ISO/TS 19336:2015

Fibre ropes for offshore station keeping - Polyarylate

ISO/TS 19336:2015 specifies main characteristics and test methods of polyarylate fibre ropes used for offshore station keeping.

Cordages en fibres pour le maintien en position des structures marines — Polyarylate

General Information

• Status: Withdrawn
• Publication Date: 19-Aug-2015
• ICS: 59.080.50 - Ropes
• Technical Committee: ISO/TC 38 - Textiles
• Drafting Committee: ISO/TC 38/WG 21 - Ropes, cordage, slings and netting
• Current Stage: 9599 - Withdrawal of International Standard
• Start Date: 19-Sep-2023
• Completion Date: 13-Dec-2025

Relations

• Revised: ISO 18692-4:2023 - Fibre ropes for offshore stationkeeping - Part 4: Polyarylate
• Effective Date: 01-Oct-2022

Standards Content (Sample)

TECHNICAL ISO/TS
SPECIFICATION 19336
First edition
2015-09-01
Fibre ropes for offshore station
keeping — Polyarylate
Cordages en fibres pour le maintien en position des structures
marines — Polyarylate
Reference number
©
ISO 2015
© ISO 2015, Published in Switzerland
All rights reserved. Unless otherwise specified, no part of this publication may be reproduced or utilized otherwise in any form
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ii © ISO 2015 – All rights reserved

Contents Page
Foreword .v
1 Scope . 1
2 Normative references . 1
3 Terms and definitions . 1
4 Materials . 2
4.1 Rope core material . 2
4.2 Rope cover material . 2
4.3 Other materials . 2
5 Requirements — Rope properties . 2
5.1 Minimum breaking strength . 2
5.2 Minimum core tenacity . 3
5.3 Axial compression fatigue properties . 3
5.4 Particle ingress protection . 3
5.5 Cyclic loading performance . 3
6 Requirements — Rope layout and construction . 3
6.1 General . 3
6.2 Type of construction . 3
6.3 Rope core . 3
6.4 Protective cover . 4
6.5 Terminations . 4
6.6 Length of rope . 4
7 Rope testing . 5
7.1 Type testing . 5
7.1.1 General. 5
7.1.2 Sampling. 5
7.1.3 Breaking strength, core tenacity, and stiffness tests . 5
7.1.4 Axial compression fatigue properties test . 6
7.1.5 Torque properties tests . 6
7.1.6 Linear density test . 6
7.1.7 Cyclic loading (endurance) test . 6
7.1.8 Protective cover thickness . 6
7.1.9 Particle ingress protection . 6
7.2 Testing of current production . 7
7.2.1 Sampling and testing . 7
7.2.2 Length measurement . 7
8 Report . 7
8.1 Prototype rope . 7
8.2 Current production . 7
9 Certification . 7
10 Marking, labelling, and packaging . 8
10.1 Marking . 8
10.2 Labelling . 8
10.3 Packaging . 8
Annex A (normative) Fibre qualification and testing . 9
Annex B (normative) Rope testing .12
Annex C (normative) Axial compression fatigue properties test .22
Annex D (informative) Guidance for rope handling care .24
Annex E (informative) Certificate of conformity — Polyarylate ropes for offshore
station keeping .31
Annex F (informative) Commentary.32
Bibliography .38
iv © ISO 2015 – All rights reserved

Foreword
ISO (the International Organization for Standardization) is a worldwide federation of national standards
bodies (ISO member bodies). The work of preparing International Standards is normally carried out
through ISO technical committees. Each member body interested in a subject for which a technical
committee has been established has the right to be represented on that committee. International
organizations, governmental and non-governmental, in liaison with ISO, also take part in the work.
ISO collaborates closely with the International Electrotechnical Commission (IEC) on all matters of
electrotechnical standardization.
The procedures used to develop this document and those intended for its further maintenance are
described in the ISO/IEC Directives, Part 1. In particular the different approval criteria needed for the
different types of ISO documents should be noted. This document was drafted in accordance with the
editorial rules of the ISO/IEC Directives, Part 2 (see www.iso.org/directives).
Attention is drawn to the possibility that some of the elements of this document may be the subject of
patent rights. ISO shall not be held responsible for identifying any or all such patent rights. Details of
any patent rights identified during the development of the document will be in the Introduction and/or
on the ISO list of patent declarations received (see www.iso.org/patents).
Any trade name used in this document is information given for the convenience of users and does not
constitute an endorsement.
For an explanation on the meaning of ISO specific terms and expressions related to conformity
assessment, as well as information about ISO’s adherence to the WTO principles in the Technical
Barriers to Trade (TBT) see the following URL: Foreword - Supplementary information.
The committee responsible for this document is ISO/TC 38, Textiles.
TECHNICAL SPECIFICATION ISO/TS 19336:2015(E)
Fibre ropes for offshore station keeping — Polyarylate
1 Scope
This Technical Specification specifies main characteristics and test methods of polyarylate fibre ropes
used for offshore station keeping.
2 Normative references
The following documents, in whole or in part, are normatively referenced in this document and are
indispensable for its application. For dated references, only the edition cited applies. For undated
references, the latest edition of the referenced document (including any amendments) applies.
ISO 139, Textiles — Standard atmospheres for conditioning and testing
ISO 1968, Fibre ropes and cordage — Vocabulary
ISO 2060, Textiles — Yarn from packages — Determination of linear density (mass per unit length) by
the skein method
ISO 7500–1, Metallic materials — Verification of static uniaxial testing machines — Part 1:
Tension/compression testing machines — Verification and calibration of the force-measuring system
ISO 18692, Fibre ropes for offshore stationkeeping — Polyester
3 Terms and definitions
For the purpose of this document, the terms and definitions given in ISO 1968, ISO 18692, and the
following apply.
3.1
polyarylate
wholly aromatic polyester which shows crystallinity in liquid state
Note 1 to entry: Figure 1 shows an example of polyarylate.
o
c
o c o
o
m n
Figure 1 — Polyarylate chemical structure
3.2
axial compression fatigue
failure mode for fibre rope such as polyarylate under low tension or compression
4 Materials
4.1 Rope core material
The polyarylate fibre used in the core of the rope shall have an average tenacity of not less than 1,8 N/tex
and in accordance with Annex A. Qualification and testing requirements are given in Annex A.
4.2 Rope cover material
Where polyester yarn is used in the protective cover, its minimum tenacity shall be 0,73 N/tex.
4.3 Other materials
Other materials employed in rope assembly shall be identified in the rope design/manufacturing
specification. For each material, the following shall be specified, as applicable:
a) base material;
b) size (linear density, mass per unit area, …);
c) relevant mechanical properties (tenacity, stiffness, …).
5 Requirements — Rope properties
5.1 Minimum breaking strength
The minimum breaking strength (MBS) of the rope (spliced), when tested according to Annex B, shall
conform to Table 1.
Table 1 — Minimum breaking strength (MBS)
a
Reference number (RN) Minimum breaking strength
kN
80 2 500
90 3 100
100 3 900
106 4 400
112 5 000
118 5 600
125 6 300
132 7 000
140 7 800
150 8 700
160 10 000
170 11 200
180 12 500
190 14 000
200 15 500
NOTE Testing data will be prepared for validation.
a
The reference number corresponds to the approximate outer diameter of the rope, in
millimetres (mm). Actual diameters may vary for a given reference number.
2 © ISO 2015 – All rights reserved

Table 1 (continued)
a
Reference number (RN) Minimum breaking strength
kN
212 17 500
224 19 500
NOTE Testing data will be prepared for validation.
a
The reference number corresponds to the approximate outer diameter of the rope, in
millimetres (mm). Actual diameters may vary for a given reference number.
5.2 Minimum core tenacity
The minimum tenacity of the polyarylate rope core shall be 0,90 N/tex, measured according to Annex B.
All samples tested shall comply with the minimum value specified herein.
5.3 Axial compression fatigue properties
The rope shall have demonstrated 95 % retention of MBS following the axial compression fatigue test
method in Annex C.
5.4 Particle ingress protection
If specified, the rope shall be constructed with a protection of the core against the ingress of particles
having a size greater than 20 μm (microns) or as agreed between involved parties. Testing of the
protection shall be performed in accordance with Annex B.
5.5 Cyclic loading performance
The rope shall have demonstrated performance under cycling loading following the requirements of
7.1.7 and B.5.
6 Requirements — Rope layout and construction
6.1 General
The typical section of a rope shall comprise a rope core, providing intended strength and stiffness, and
a cover.
6.2 Type of construction
The rope shall be of one of the following types of construction:
— torque-neutral construction (type TF);
— torque-matched construction (type TM).
The type of rope shall be specified by the purchaser.
NOTE Torque-neutral ropes are intended for use in mooring systems together with chain or torque-neutral
spiral strand wire ropes. Torque-matched ropes are intended for use in mooring systems together with six-strand
wire ropes or other non-torque neutral wire ropes. Typical constructions are illustrated in Figure F.1 and Figure F.2.
6.3 Rope core
6.3.1 The total number of yarns in the rope shall be at least the number specified in the rope design
specification.
6.3.2 Splices are not allowed in the rope core nor in sub-ropes, except for those at the end terminations.
Strands shall be uninterrupted over the length of the rope, with no splice or strand interchange.
Yarns may be joined if necessary.
6.4 Protective cover
6.4.1 A protective cover shall be provided around the rope core to protect the rope core from
mechanical damages during handling and in service.
The protection shall be water-permeable.
6.4.2 A polyester braided protective cover shall have a minimum thickness, t, with the following:
— t = 7,0 mm, for a reference number RN above 100;
— t = 0,07 × RN, but not less than 4 mm, for a reference number RN less than 100.
Strand interchanges, i.e. the overlapping continuation of an interrupted strand with another identical
strand following the same path, are permitted if they are properly staggered.
6.4.3 If an alternative protective cover is used, it shall demonstrate a level of protection equal to that of
a polyester braided cover.
6.4.4 A braided cover shall include coloured strands forming a pattern so that rope twist during
installation or in service can be identified. There shall be a minimum of one “S” coloured strand and one
“Z” coloured strand to form a cross on the rope.
An alternative protective cover shall be fitted with an axial stripe of contrasting colour, or other means
to identify rope twist during installation or in service.
6.5 Terminations
The terminations shall be made of an eye splice plus abrasion protection materials.
NOTE There can be other terminations, provided that they do not jeopardize the rope performance.
The dimensions and arrangement of the eye shall match the diameter and groove shape of the
thimble (or other interface piece) to be used for end connections and shall be the same as for the rope
prototype testing.
In the splice area, the integrity and the continuity of rope cover and particle-ingress protection, if fitted,
shall be preserved or restored.
The eye and the splice area shall be further covered by an abrasion protection coating such as
polyurethane. Each termination shall be made according to the manufacturing practice as described in
the termination specification.
6.6 Length of rope
The bedded-in lengths of the rope sections shall be calculated in accordance with 7.2.2, under 20 % of
MBS, unless otherwise agreed on the purchase order or contract.
The calculated length of supplied rope shall be within ±1 % of the specified length.
For each supplied rope, the actual length at the reeling tension or during manufacture shall be reported
as an indicative value.
4 © ISO 2015 – All rights reserved

Adequate extra length shall be manufactured in order to prepare the samples for testing, which are
considered to be part of the delivery.
7 Rope testing
7.1 Type testing
7.1.1 General
Prototype tests shall demonstrate that ropes declared by the manufacturer as complying with the
requirements laid down in this Technical Specification possess the properties specified in this Technical
Specification. The purpose of these tests is to verify the design, material, and method of manufacture of
each size of finished rope, including protective cover and terminations.
All ropes to be prototype-tested shall comply with all the other requirements laid down in this Technical
Specification. The tests specified below shall be carried out on a prototype rope for each size of rope,
unless otherwise noted in this Clause.
Any change in the design, material, method of manufacture, including protective cover and terminations,
which can lead to a modification of the properties as defined in Clause 5 shall require that the prototype
tests specified in this Technical Specification be carried out on the modified rope.
7.1.2 Sampling
The number of rope samples to be tested is given in Table 2.
Table 2 — Number of samples for testing
Test Number of samples
Breaking strength, core tenacity and stiffness 3
a
Axial compression fatigue 1
b
Torque properties 1
Linear density 1
c
Cyclic loading endurance 1
a
See 7.1.4.
b
See 7.1.5.
c
See 7.1.7.
7.1.3 Breaking strength, core tenacity, and stiffness tests
7.1.3.1 Three samples shall be tested according to the procedure specified in Annex B, and each shall
be capable of meeting the requirements of 5.1 (minimum breaking strength) and of 5.2 (minimum
core tenacity).
7.1.3.2 The rope core tenacity and stiffness at end of bedding-in shall be calculated according to the
methods defined in Annex B.
7.1.3.3 Measurement of the stiffness at other load levels shall be performed within the same tests.
These measurements are, however, not required where results are available for another qualified rope
of the same design, material and method of manufacture, with a reference number of not less than 90
and where the stiffness at end of bedding-in does not differ by more than 10 %.
NOTE 1 These measurements are performed for design purposes only. There are no acceptance criteria on
these parameters.
NOTE 2 These measurements can also be performed on a separate rope sample (see Annex B).
7.1.4 Axial compression fatigue properties test
One sample shall be tested for axial compression fatigue properties.
This test needs not to be performed when data are available from the previous qualification test of
another rope with the same design, material and method of manufacture of rope core, and a size not
less than reference number 90.
7.1.5 Torque properties tests
Where applicable, torque properties tests shall be performed according to the procedure specified in
ISO 18692. These tests are, however, not required when results are available for another qualified rope
of the same design, material, method of manufacture and termination, with a reference number of not
less than 90.
7.1.6 Linear density test
The linear density shall be calculated from the measured mass and elongation according to the method
defined in Annex B.
7.1.7 Cyclic loading (endurance) test
7.1.7.1 One sample shall be tested for cyclic loading. However, cyclic loading (endurance) tests
performed with one size of qualified rope having the same design, material and method of manufacture
including protective cover and terminations, is enough to qualify all sizes between 50 % and 200 % of
the size tested. The test for cyclic loading (endurance) is not required if such data are available.
7.1.7.2 The cyclic loading (endurance) test shall be performed according to the procedure specified in
B.5. A load range shall be selected by the manufacturer, and the rope shall withstand, without breaking,
at least the number of cycles for that load range, as given in Figure B.2.
The load at breaking (residual strength of the rope) shall be not less than 80 % of the MBS.
7.1.8 Protective cover thickness
The thickness of the protective cover shall be verified.
The thickness of a braided cover shall be measured as twice the thickness of cover strands under the
maximum braiding tension.
7.1.9 Particle ingress protection
See 5.4 and Annex B.
6 © ISO 2015 – All rights reserved

7.2 Testing of current production
7.2.1 Sampling and testing
Where the ropes are already declared by the manufacturer as complying with the requirements laid
down in this Technical Specification, the rope tests, including breaking strength and core tenacity,
as well as protective cover thickness verification, shall be performed on one sample taken from the
manufacturing process for each type and size of rope.
7.2.2 Length measurement
The bedded-in length of each supplied rope section (other than short sections) shall be calculated from
the linear density, ρ , by the following Formula (1):
l
mm− ×1 000
()
TS
L= (1)
ρ
l,20
where
L is the length of the rope, in metres (m);
m is the mass of the total rope length, in kilograms (kg);
T
m is the mass of the materials used to form the eyes and the splices, in kilograms (kg);
S
ρ is the linear density of the rope, in ktex, obtained from the prototype test, in accordance
l, 20
with 7.1.6.
The distance of short rope sections (i.e. sections of less than 20 m) shall be measured at a load of 2 % of
MBS as the distance between the centres of termination fittings (i.e. same as L on Figure B.1).
u
8 Report
8.1 Prototype rope
A complete and detailed report of the prototype rope manufacturing shall be supplied, including
the fibre manufacturer, the fibre type and finish and all rope characteristics that can influence the
mechanical properties, such as design, material specifications, method of manufacture, including
protective cover and terminations, with sketches or pictures.
A complete and detailed report of type tests, with sketches or pictures of the test set-up, shall also be
provided.
8.2 Current production
The manufacturing report of supplied ropes shall be provided. A complete and detailed report of rope
tests, with sketches and pictures of the test set-up, shall also be provided.
9 Certification
The certificate of approval and control, issued by a RCS (Recognized Classification Society), shall be
presented together with the ropes, in order to ensure that testing and fabrication are in accordance
with the approved specifications.
The rope manufacturer shall issue or obtain a rope certificate including at least the following information:
a) reference number;
b) type of construction;
c) linear density;
d) MBS;
e) individual identification number;
f) length at a specified load;
g) length at the reeling handling tension.
NOTE A suggestion for a certificate of conformity can be found in Annex E.
10 Marking, labelling, and packaging
10.1 Marking
A tape of at least 3 mm wide printed with a reference identifying the manufacturer shall be incorporated
into the rope. The maximum distance between two consecutive markings shall be 0,5 m.
10.2 Labelling
An identification plaque or alternative means shall be installed close to the splice with the following
information, as a minimum:
a) purchase identification;
b) individual identification number;
c) reference to this Technical Specification, i.e. ISO/TS 19336;
d) type of construction (TF or TM), in accordance with 6.2;
e) rope MBS;
f) rope length at a specified load, according to 7.2.2.
10.3 Packaging
If the assembly is packed on a spool or a reel, these shall be suitable for the applicable transportation
means and of appropriate construction in terms of strength.
The packaging shall be marked with the manufacturer’s trademark and with the lot identification number.
NOTE The ropes can be delivered in steel reels or in containers. Alternative packaging designs can be
provided with the prior approval of the purchaser.
8 © ISO 2015 – All rights reserved

Annex A
(normative)
Fibre qualification and testing
A.1 General
This Annex specifies the requirements for fibre qualification and testing.
A.2 Fibre specification
A.2.1 General information
A fibre specification shall include at least the following information:
a) identification and general properties of fibre;
b) detailed specification of physical and mechanical properties.
NOTE General properties of material can be found in the material safety data sheet.
A.2.2 Identification and general properties
The following information shall be provided in the fibre specification:
a) producer of fibres;
b) fibre designation;
c) fibre material (polyarylate);
d) number of filaments;
e) nominal size (linear density);
f) average tenacity;
g) finish designation;
h) finish content.
A.2.3 Physical and mechanical properties
The following information shall be provided in the fibre specification, including tolerances on
specified properties:
a) linear density;
b) dry breaking strength;
c) dry elongation to break;
d) dry elongation at a specified load level;
e) effect of hydrolysis in sea-water (reduction of strength with time).
These properties shall be documented by test results in accordance with A.4.
A.3 Fibre test certificate
For each delivery, the fibre manufacturer shall issue a raw material certificate, including, at least, the
following information:
a) fibre designation;
b) merge number/batch identification;
c) size (linear density);
d) dry breaking strength;
e) dry elongation to break;
f) test result of finish level on fibre (see A.4.2).
For acceptance testing, the above properties shall be obtained from testing on a representative number
of samples taken from the delivery, once every 5 000 kg.
For each property, the number of tests, the mean value, and the standard deviation or range shall be
reported.
A.4 Fibre testing
A.4.1 Fibre linear density and strength
The fibre linear density shall be determined and recorded according to ISO 2060.
The fibre strength and elongation shall be determined based on five specimens of basic yarn samples.
These samples shall be preconditioned according to ISO 139.
— 45 °C ± 5 °C and relative humidity of (15 ± 5) % during 4 h, and subsequently conditioned according
to ISO 139 or ASTM D1776.
— Standard atmosphere 20 °C ± 2 °C and relative humidity of (65 ± 5) %.
— Optional atmosphere 24 °C ± 2 °C and relative humidity of (55 ± 5) %.
The conditioning time shall be at least for 14 h.
After conditioning, the specimen shall be loaded to break according to ASTM D7269. The average yarn
breaking strength and elongation shall be calculated and recorded. The used test methods shall be
document with the results.
NOTE Testing of the fibre linear density, strength, and elongation can also be made according to ASTM D885.
A.4.2 Yarn-on-yarn abrasion performance
A.4.2.1 Qualification testing (efficiency)
A.4.2.1.1 Qualification testing for efficiency of finish shall be performed on wet yarns in accordance
with ASTM D 6611 and the results shall be kept for reference.
A.4.2.1.2 Tests shall be performed at least at three load levels, including one in each of the following
ranges:
a) 20 mN/tex to 30 mN/tex;
b) 35 mN/tex to 45 mN/tex;
10 © ISO 2015 – All rights reserved

c) 55 mN/tex to 60 mN/tex.
A minimum of eight yarns shall be tested for each level.
A.4.2.1.3 The results at each load level shall be derived and reported in accordance with the procedure
in ASTM 6611.
Based on these results, acceptance levels for further production tests shall be chosen by the fibre
manufacturer.
A.4.2.2 Qualification testing (persistence)
The persistence of the marine finish in a marine environment shall be demonstrated.
The assessment method shall be duly documented by the fibre producer.
A.4.2.3 Testing of current production
The effectiveness of the application of the marine finish during fibre production shall be verified by
yarn-on-yarn abrasion tests or another documented testing method.
When a yarn-on-yarn abrasion test is used, the testing shall be performed at least at one load level, on a
minimum of four yarns at each test, with an acceptance level according to A.4.2.1.3.
Any other testing method shall be duly documented by the fibre producer.
A.4.3 Hydrolysis properties of polyarylate fibres
The material shall have a residual strength of at least 90 % of its nominal value (new fibre), after
immersion for two weeks in 80 °C water (alternatively 20 weeks at 60 °C).
NOTE Water can be either natural or artificial seawater (e.g. ASTM D 1141) and can be used for testing.
Testing may be performed on fibres or small cords (braided or twisted).
Accelerated test based on a factor 1 000 in time over a ~60 °C increase of temperature, e.g. see ISO 9080,
to simulate the conditions of a mooring line (20 years in seawater at 4 °C to 20 °C). Test duration may be
adjusted if this can be documented by suitable test data.
Annex B
(normative)
Rope testing
B.1 General
This Annex specifies the requirements for full-size testing of rope samples and addresses the
following tests:
a) strength and stiffness;
b) linear density;
c) cyclic loading endurance;
d) particle ingress resistance.
NOTE 1 Requirements for axial compression fatigue testing can be found in Annex C.
NOTE 2 Requirements for testing of torque properties, whenever applicable, can be found in ISO 18692.
B.2 Testing conditions
B.2.1 Rope samples
The rope tests, including strength, cyclic loading endurance and torque measurement shall be
performed on samples with terminations that are identical to the supplied ropes. The strength and
cyclic loading tests shall be performed with fixed end conditions (without a swivel).
Termination fittings shall be provided, with the same type of material and the same profile and
dimensions (radius, groove shape) as the thimbles for the supplied rope.
B.2.2 Ambient conditions
In all tests, the ambient temperature and humidity shall be recorded.
The water used for soaking, wetting, and immersing shall be fresh water with no additives.
During the cyclic loading endurance test (see B.5), the rope shall be wetted by a water spray or
immersed, and the temperature shall be controlled in order to avoid overheating.
The temperature of the out-flowing water should not exceed 30 °C.
B.2.3 Testing machine
The testing machine shall be of at least class 2 in accordance with ISO 7500-1 and it shall be of such a type
that load (or cross-head displacement) can be controlled at all times, during both extension and retraction.
For the breaking test (step 10 in B.3.1), the use of a test machine with a fixed cross-head speed is
acceptable, provided that time to failure is at least 2 min.
12 © ISO 2015 – All rights reserved

B.2.4 Load and elongation measurements
Load shall be measured by a strain gauge system and continuously recorded during each test.
NOTE In the loading sequences specified below, loads are given as a percentage of the specified MBS of the
rope.
The measurements of the gauge length elongation of the rope core shall be performed with a system
of adequate sensitivity for the intended sequences, taking into account the very small elongation of a
polyarylate rope under such conditions. Extensometer or video image processing may be used.
The cover and the filter shall be cut for fastening of extensometer ends or for marking of core (in case of
measurement by video image processing).
B.3 Strength and stiffness test
B.3.1 Test procedure
The following rope test procedure applies to verify the rope MBS, the minimum core specific strength
and the stiffness. The test shall be performed according to the following steps:
— step 1: a sample shall be soaked for at least 4 h in fresh water;
— step 2: the sample shall be installed in the test machine;
— step 3: a load of 2 % of MBS shall be applied;
— step 4: the rope shall be marked at each end, at a distance of three times the rope diameter from the
last tuck of splices (see Figure B.1);
— step 5: the extensometer shall be installed in a section of the rope undisturbed by the termination,
between these marks;
— step 6: a tension of 50 % of the rope MBS shall be applied at a rate of 10 % MBS/min and held for
30 min;
— step 7: the tension shall be reduced to 10 % of the rope MBS, at a rate of 10 % MBS/min;
— step 8: a cycling tension between 10 % and 30 % of the rope MBS shall be applied 100 times, without
interruption, at a frequency of between 0,03 Hz and 0,1 Hz (bedding-in and measurement of dynamic
stiffness after bedding-in);
— step 9: where applicable, a cycling tension between specified limits shall be applied for a specified
number of cycles (dynamic or static stiffness measurements, see B.3.5), and without interruption;
otherwise, this step is omitted;
— step 10: the sample shall be unloaded, the extensometer removed, and the rope pulled to failure, at
a loading rate of approximately 20 % MBS/min.
r
L
Figure B.1 — Marks “r” on the rope sample
B.3.2 Breaking strength
The tension at break of the rope sample shall be recorded.
All samples tested shall meet the MBS.
If the breaking load of one sample is lower than the MBS, two other samples shall be prepared and tested.
The rope is considered to comply with the breaking strength requirement in this Technical Specification
only if the results of both the subsequent two tests meet the MBS.
B.3.3 Load-elongation measurements
The rope test shall include the measurement of the following:
a) load versus total elongation (stroke), four plots as in the following:
1) step 5 to step 7;
2) step 8;
3) step 9 (whenever performed);
4) step 10;
b) gauge length (extensometer) elongation (for the prototype rope), three plots as in the following:
1) load versus elongation encompassing step 5 to step 7;
2) load versus elongation for the last three full cycles at least, in step 8;
3) load versus elongation for the last three full cycles at least, in step 9, dynamic stiffness
measurement (whenever performed);
c) continuous record of load and elongation versus time, during the three cycles of the quasi-static
stiffness measurement (whenever performed).
NOTE The step numbers refer to B.3.1.
B.3.4 Dynamic stiffness at end of bedding-in
The dynamic stiffness at end of bedding-in (step 8 of B.3.1) shall be obtained from the load and gauge
length elongation measurements, and shall be calculated according to B.3.6.2.
B.3.5 Quasi-static stiffness and dynamic stiffness
B.3.5.1 The quasi-static stiffness and the dynamic stiffness at other load levels shall be obtained
from load and gauge length elongation measurements in step 9 in B.3.1, and calculated according to
B.3.6.3 and B.3.6.4
NOTE Additional measurements of dynamic stiffness can be performed where agreed upon between the
purchaser and the manufacturer (see Annex F).
B.3.5.2 For the measurement of the quasi-static stiffness, the following cycling shall be applied in three
full cycles without interruption:
a) slowly load the rope from 10 % of the rope MBS to 30 % of the rope MBS in a period of time between
2 min and 6 min;
b) hold the load at 30 % of the rope MBS for 30 min from the start time of a) above;
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c) slowly unload the rope from 30 % of the rope MBS to 10 % of the rope MBS in a period of time
between 2 min and 6 min;
d) hold the load at 10 % of the rope MBS for 30 min from the start time of c) above.
This cycling shall be performed during step 9 of B.3.1 above on one sample before the cycling for the
dynamic stiffness.
The load at breaking (residual strength of the rope) shall be not less than 80 % of the MBS.
B.3.5.3 For the measurement of the dynamic stiffness, the following cycling shall be applied during
step 9 of B.3.1 at a frequency of between 0,03 Hz and 0,1 Hz:
— step 9a: on one sample: 100 cycles between 20 % and 30 % of the rope MBS;
— step 9b: on a second sample: 200 cycles between 30 % and 40 % of the rope MBS;
— step 9c: on a third sample: 300 cycles between 40 % and 50 % of the rope MBS.
In the case of an interruption within a set of cycling, this set of cycling shall be repeated.
If the interruption leads to unloading of the rope, step 8 shall be performed again before re-running the
interrupted set of cycling.
B.3.5.4 Alternatively to the above-mentioned, measurements may be performed as follows.
a) All measurements are performed on the same sample, quasi-static stiffness, then dynamic stiffness,
as steps 9a, 9b, and 9c (see B.3.5.3), in ascending order of load. Then, the cycling may be limited to
100 cycles at each level.
b) These measurements are performed on a separate rope sample, in either wet or dry condition
according to the following steps:
1) a sample shall be installed in the test machine;
2) step 3 to step 8 of B.3.1, including measurement of the dynamic stiffness at the end of bedding-in;
3) step 9 of B.3.1 with cycling as per B.3.5.2 for the measurement of the quasi-static stiffness;
4) step 9a, step 9b and step 9c of B.3.5.3 with cycling for the measurement of the dynamic stiffness.
B.3.6 Calculation of mechanical properties
B.3.6.1 Core tenacity
The rope core tenacity shall be calculated as given by Formula (B.1):
F
BS
t = (B.1)
ρ
l,c0
where
t is the rope core tenacity, expressed in Newtons/tex (N/tex);
F is the actual breaking strength of the rope, expressed in Newtons (N), obtained in step 10 of
BS
B.3.1;
Ρ is the linear density of the rope core, expressed in tex, at 2 % of MBS, as measured during the
l,c0
linear density test (see B.4).
B.3.6.2 Dynamic stiffness at end of bedding-in
The dynamic stiffness at end of bedding-in is calculated from the load-elongation measurement at end
of step 8 of B.3.1.
The dynamic stiffness is calculated as given by Formula (B.2):
FF−
30 10
F
MBS
K = (B.2)
rb
LL−
30 10
L
where
K is the dynamic stiffness after bedding-in;
rb
FF−
is the recorded variation of load over the 100th cycle;
30 10
F is the specified minimum breaking strength of the rope;
MBS
LL−
30 10
is the elongation (strain variation) between F and F over the 100th cycle.
10 30
L
NOTE Alternatively, the stiffness can be obtained from the average slope of the load-elongation plot over the
last three full cycles.
B.3.6.3 Dynamic stiffness
Where required, the dynamic stiffness is calculated using Formula (B.3) from load-elongation
measurements of step 9a, step 9b, or step 9c of B.3.5.3:
FF−
YX
F
MBS
K = (B.3)
rd, XY→
LL−
YX
L
X
where
K
is the dynamic stiffness under cycling between load X and Y;
rd, XY→
FF−
is the recorded variation of load over the last cycle;
YX
LL−
YX
is the elongation between F and F over the last cycle.
X Y
L
X
NOTE Alternatively, the stiffness can be obtained from the average slope of the
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