ISO/TS 25740-1:2011
(Main)Safety requirements for escalators and moving walks — Part 1: Global essential safety requirements (GESR)
Safety requirements for escalators and moving walks — Part 1: Global essential safety requirements (GESR)
ISO/TS 25740-1:2011: specifies global essential safety requirements (GESRs) for escalators and moving walks, their components and functions, and establishes a system and provides methods for minimizing safety risks that might arise in the course of the operation and use of, or work on, escalators and moving walks. ISO/TS 25740-1:2011 is applicable to escalators and moving walks that are intended to carry persons. ISO/TS 25740-1:2011 does not specifically cover all needs of users with disabilities, nor risks arising from work on escalators and moving walks under construction and during alterations and dismantling, vandalism, and fire in the environment outside the LCU.
Exigences de sécurité des escaliers mécaniques et trottoirs roulants — Partie 1: Exigences essentielles de sécurité globale
General Information
Standards Content (Sample)
TECHNICAL ISO/TS
SPECIFICATION 25740-1
First edition
2011-08-01
Safety requirements for escalators and
moving walks —
Part 1:
Global essential safety requirements
(GESR)
Exigences de sécurité des escaliers mécaniques et trottoirs roulants —
Partie 1: Exigences essentielles de sécurité globale
Reference number
ISO/TS 25740-1:2011(E)
©
ISO 2011
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ISO/TS 25740-1:2011(E)
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ISO/TS 25740-1:2011(E)
Contents Page
Foreword . v
Introduction . vi
1 Scope . 1
2 Normative references . 2
3 Terms, definitions and abbreviated terms . 2
4 Approach and methodology . 5
4.1 Background . 5
4.2 Approach . 6
4.3 Methodology . 6
5 Understanding and implementing GESRs . 6
5.1 Overall objective . 6
5.2 Use of GESRs . 7
5.2.1 Basis . 7
5.2.2 Ways of using GESRs . 7
5.2.3 Applicability of GESRs . 8
5.2.4 Safety objectives of GESRs . 8
5.2.5 Verification of compliance . 9
5.3 Use of this part of ISO/TS 25740 . 9
5.3.1 General considerations . 9
5.3.2 Standards developers . 9
5.3.3 Designers, manufacturers, installers, maintenance and service organisations . 10
5.3.4 Conformity assessment bodies . 11
5.3.5 Inspection and testing bodies . 11
6 Global essential safety requirements (GESRs) . 11
6.1 General . 11
6.2 Common GESRs related to persons at different locations . 12
6.2.1 Strength and size . 12
6.2.2 Falling down or off the area containing the travel path . 12
6.2.3 Supports for escalator and moving walk equipment . 12
6.2.4 Maintenance of escalators and moving walks . 12
6.2.5 Equipment inaccessible to users and non-users . 12
6.2.6 Surfaces of the LCU, landing and working areas . 12
6.2.7 Hazards due to relative movement . 13
6.2.8 Sharp edges . 13
6.2.9 Hazards arising from the risk of electric shock . 13
6.2.10 Electrical equipment . 13
6.2.11 Electromagnetic compatibility . 13
6.2.12 Illumination of LCU and landings . 13
6.2.13 Effects of earthquake . 13
6.2.14 Hazardous materials . 14
6.2.15 Environmental influences . 14
6.2.16 Noise and vibration . 14
6.2.17 Exclusive use of machinery spaces . 14
6.2.18 Starting . 14
6.3 GESRs related to non-users . 14
6.3.1 Contact with moving or rotating parts . 14
6.3.2 Failure mode . 15
6.3.3 Environmental influence . 15
6.4 GESRs related to persons on the landings . 15
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ISO/TS 25740-1:2011(E)
6.4.1 Falling from the landings .15
6.4.2 Access and egress .15
6.4.3 Alignment of LCU and landing .15
6.5 GESRs related to users on the LCU .15
6.5.1 Strength and size .15
6.5.2 LCU support .15
6.5.3 Entrapment between LCU component parts .15
6.5.4 Entrapment between LCU and adjacent surfaces .16
6.5.5 Uncontrolled movement of LCU .16
6.5.6 LCU collision with objects in the travel path .16
6.5.7 Change of speed of the LCU .16
6.5.8 Stopping means adjacent to the LCU .16
6.5.9 Succeeding LCUs .16
6.5.10 Stopping the LCU .16
6.6 GESRs related to authorized persons at working areas.16
6.6.1 Working space .16
6.6.2 Accessible equipment .17
6.6.3 Access to and egress from working spaces .17
6.6.4 Strength of working areas .17
6.6.5 Movement of the LCU under the sole control of an authorized person .17
6.6.6 Protection from moving parts .17
6.6.7 Stopping devices in working areas .17
6.6.8 Means of protection from various hazards .17
6.6.9 Electric shock in working spaces .17
6.6.10 Illumination of working spaces .17
6.6.11 Harmful materials and environment .18
6.6.12 Ergonomic principles .18
6.6.13 Handling and transportation .18
Annex A (informative) Overview of GESRs in relation to subsystems of escalators
and moving walks .19
A.1 General .19
A.2 Summary of GESRs specified in Clause 6 .19
Annex B (informative) Compliance of this part of ISO/TS 25740 with the European Directive for
Machinery 2006/42/EC .22
B.1 Introduction .22
B.2 General .22
B.3 Comparison of GESRs with Machinery Directive 2006/42/EC .23
B.4 Guidance on the implications of the ISO Global Relevance policy .40
Bibliography .42
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ISO/TS 25740-1:2011(E)
Foreword
ISO (the International Organization for Standardization) is a worldwide federation of national standards bodies
(ISO member bodies). The work of preparing International Standards is normally carried out through ISO
technical committees. Each member body interested in a subject for which a technical committee has been
established has the right to be represented on that committee. International organizations, governmental and
non-governmental, in liaison with ISO, also take part in the work. ISO collaborates closely with the
International Electrotechnical Commission (IEC) on all matters of electrotechnical standardization.
International Standards are drafted in accordance with the rules given in the ISO/IEC Directives, Part 2.
The main task of technical committees is to prepare International Standards. Draft International Standards
adopted by the technical committees are circulated to the member bodies for voting. Publication as an
International Standard requires approval by at least 75 % of the member bodies casting a vote.
In other circumstances, particularly when there is an urgent market requirement for such documents, a
technical committee may decide to publish other types of normative document:
— an ISO Publicly Available Specification (ISO/PAS) represents an agreement between technical experts in
an ISO working group and is accepted for publication if it is approved by more than 50 % of the members of
the parent committee casting a vote;
— an ISO Technical Specification (ISO/TS) represents an agreement between the members of a technical
committee and is accepted for publication if it is approved by 2/3 of the members of the committee casting a
vote.
An ISO/PAS or ISO/TS is reviewed after three years in order to decide whether it will be confirmed for a
further three years, revised to become an International Standard, or withdrawn. If the ISO/PAS or ISO/TS is
confirmed, it is reviewed again after a further three years, at which time it must either be transformed into an
International Standard or be withdrawn.
Attention is drawn to the possibility that some of the elements of this document may be the subject of patent
rights. ISO shall not be held responsible for identifying any or all such patent rights.
ISO/TS 25740-1 was prepared by Technical Committee ISO/TC 178, Lifts, escalators and moving walks.
ISO/TS 25740 consists of the following parts, under the general title Safety requirements for escalators and
moving walks:
Part 1: Global essential safety requirements (GESR)
Future parts will address safety parameters for escalators and moving walks.
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ISO/TS 25740-1:2011(E)
Introduction
After the publication of ISO/TR 14799-1 and ISO/TR 14799-2, discrepancies were noted in the safety
standards for escalators and moving walks. A need for the establishment of global essential safety
requirements (GESR) for escalators and moving walks was identified, which resulted in the publication of
ISO 14798. This methodology was a critical tool in the development of this Technical Specification on safety
requirements for escalators and moving walks.
The objective of this Technical Specification is to:
a) define a common global level of safety for all people using, or associated with, escalators and moving
walks;
b) facilitate innovation of escalators and moving walks not designed according to existing local, national or
regional safety standards, while maintaining equal levels of safety (if such innovations become state of
the art, they can then be integrated into the detailed local safety standard at a later date);
c) remove trade barriers.
NOTE ISO/TS 25740-2 will contain global essential safety parameters (GESPs) for escalators and moving walks that
should further assist in the use and implementation of the GESRs specified in this part of ISO/TS 25740.
Clause 4 gives the approach and methodology used in the development of this part of ISO/TS 25740.
Clause 5 gives instructions for the use and implementation of GESRs. The GESRs are given in Clause 6.
Each GESR specifies a safety objective, i.e. what is to be achieved rather than how to do it, in order to allow
innovation and development of future technologies.
Annex A gives an overview of GESRs in relation to subsystems of escalators and moving walks. Annex B
demonstrates compliance of this document with the European Directive for Machinery 2006/42/EC.
This part of ISO/TS 25740 is a basic safety standard according to the principles given in ISO/IEC Guide 51.
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TECHNICAL SPECIFICATION ISO/TS 25740-1:2011(E)
Safety requirements for escalators and moving walks —
Part 1:
Global essential safety requirements (GESR)
1 Scope
This part of ISO/TS 25740:
specifies global essential safety requirements (GESRs) for escalators and moving walks, their
components and functions, and
establishes a system and provides methods for minimizing safety risks that might arise in the course of
the operation and use of, or work on, escalators and moving walks.
NOTE See Clause 5 regarding the use and application of this part of ISO/TS 25740.
This part of ISO/TS 25740 is applicable to escalators and moving walks that are intended to carry persons.
The escalators and moving walks to which this part of ISO/TS 25740 applies can:
a) be located in any permanent and fixed structure or building;
b) have any
1) rated load, size of load carrying unit (LCU) and speed, and
2) travel height;
c) be affected by fire in the environment of the LCU and weather conditions;
d) be misused.
This part of ISO/TS 25740 does not specifically cover:
1)
all needs of users with disabilities ;
risks arising from work on escalators and moving walks under construction or during alterations and
dismantling; vandalism; fire in the environment outside the LCU.
1) Although the GESRs specified in this part of ISO/TS 25740 have been identified and evaluated by risk assessment,
not all disabilities or combinations of such disabilities of users have necessarily been addressed.
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ISO/TS 25740-1:2011(E)
2 Normative references
The following referenced documents are indispensable for the application of this document. For dated
references, only the edition cited applies. For undated references, the latest edition of the referenced
document (including any amendments) applies.
ISO/IEC Guide 51:1999, Safety aspects — Guidelines for their inclusion in standards
ISO 14798, Lifts (elevators), escalators and moving walks — Risk assessment and reduction methodology
3 Terms, definitions and abbreviated terms
For the purposes of this document, the following terms and definitions apply.
3.1
authorized person
suitably trained person with authorization to access restricted areas of escalators and moving walks
(e.g. machinery spaces, separate machine rooms) and to work there for the purpose of inspection, testing and
maintenance
3.2
cause
circumstance, condition, event or action that in a hazardous situation contributes to the production of an effect
[ISO 14798:2009, definition 2.1]
3.3
control
system that governs the starting, acceleration, speed, deceleration and/or stopping of the LCU
3.4
corrective action
action taken to reduce risk
3.5
electromagnetic compatibility
EMC
degree of immunity to incident electromagnetic radiation and level of emitted electromagnetic radiation of
electrical apparatus
3.6
ESR
essential safety requirement
requirement intended to eliminate or sufficiently mitigate the risk of harm to users, non-users, and authorized
persons using or associated with escalators and moving walks
3.7
GESR
global essential safety requirement
globally agreed upon essential safety requirement
3.8
harm
physical injury or damage to the health of people, or damage to property or the environment
[ISO/IEC Guide 51:1999, definition 3.3]
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ISO/TS 25740-1:2011(E)
3.9
harmful event
occurrence in which a hazardous situation results in harm
[ISO/IEC Guide 51:1999, definition 3.4]
3.10
hazard
potential source of harm
NOTE The term “hazard” can be qualified in order to define its origin or the nature of the expected harm (e.g. electric
shock hazard, crushing hazard, cutting hazard, toxic hazard, fire hazard, drowning hazard).
[ISO/IEC Guide 51:1999, definition 3.5]
3.11
hazardous situation
circumstance in which people, property or the environment are exposed to one or more hazards
[ISO/IEC Guide 51:1999, definition 3.6]
3.12
enclosure of the travel path
structural elements which isolate the travel path from all other areas or space
3.13
incident
effect
event or occurrence, which can, but does not necessarily, create a risk of harm, including possible risks due to
shearing, crushing, falling, impact, trapping, fire, electric shock, exposure to weather etc.
3.14
landing
floor, balcony or platform used to receive and discharge persons from the LCU
3.15
escalator
power-driven, inclined, continuous moving stairway, including guards adjacent to the travel path, used for
raising or lowering persons in which the user carrying surface of the LCU (e.g. steps) remains horizontal
3.16
moving walk
power-driven installation for the conveyance of persons, including guards adjacent to the travel path, in which
the user carrying surface of the LCU remains parallel to its direction of motion and is uninterrupted
(e.g. pallets, belt)
3.17
LCU
load carrying unit
step, pallet or belt designed to carry persons for the purpose of transportation
3.18
machinery
escalator or moving walk machine(s) mechanisms and associated equipment
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ISO/TS 25740-1:2011(E)
3.19
maintenance
process of examination, lubrication, cleaning, adjustments, repair and replacement of parts of escalators and
moving walks to ensure the safe and intended functioning of escalators and moving walks and its components
after the completion of the installation and throughout its life cycle
3.20
non-user
person in the vicinity of an escalator or moving walk who is not intending to access or use it
3.21
protective measure
means used to reduce risk
[ISO 14798:2009, definition 2.8]
NOTE 1 Protective measures include risk reduction by inherently safe design, protective devices, personal protective
equipment, information for use and installation, and training.
NOTE 2 See also definition for “corrective actions” in 3.4.
3.22
rated load
load that the escalator or moving walk is designed to move
3.23
relative movement
situation where a component of an escalator or moving walk moves in the vicinity of other components of
escalators or moving walks that are stationary, or that move at a different speed or in a different direction; also
a situation where a component of an escalator or moving walk moves in the vicinity of a structure where
persons might be present
EXAMPLE Building floor surrounding the escalator or moving walk.
3.24
risk
combination of the probability of occurrence of harm and the severity of that harm
[ISO/IEC Guide 51:1999, definition 3.2]
3.25
risk analysis
systematic use of available information to identify hazards and to estimate the risk
[ISO/IEC Guide 51:1999, definition 3.10]
NOTE This method aims at systematically identifying and assessing hazards, evaluating risks and recommending
risk reduction measures.
3.26
risk assessment
overall process comprising a risk analysis and a risk evaluation
[ISO/IEC Guide 51:1999, definition 3.12]
3.27
risk evaluation
consideration of the risk analysis results to determine if the risk reduction is required
[ISO 14798:2009, definition 2.13]
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3.28
severity
qualitative measure of the worst possible incident (effect) that could be caused by a specific hazard
3.29
transportation
process whereby persons step onto a moving LCU, which then travels from one landing to another landing,
where the person exits the LCU
3.30
travel path
path and related space within which the LCU travels between the landings
3.31
uncontrolled movement
situation where
LCU moves when the escalator or moving walk was to remain stationary, or
LCU travels at a speed that is out of control of the means designed and intended to control the LCU
speed during operation.
EXAMPLE 1 LCU starts to move, due to failure of, or breakdown in, escalator or moving walk components, such as
speed control, drive or brake system.
EXAMPLE 2 The LCU speed exceeds its designed speed or does not decelerate or stop as intended, due to failure of,
or breakdown in, components of an escalator or moving walk, such as speed control, drive or brake system.
3.32
user
person using the escalator or moving walk for the purpose of transportation
3.33
working area or space
area or space defined for use by authorized persons to perform maintenance, inspection or testing of an
escalator or moving walk
4 Approach and methodology
4.1 Background
4.1.1 ISO 9589 specifies the building dimensions necessary to permit installation of escalators and moving
walks.
4.1.2 In order to facilitate further standardization of escalator and moving walk installations and components,
ISO/TC 178 carried out extensive comparison of regional and national safety standards and codes for
escalators and moving walks. The results were published in ISO/TR 14799. This Technical Report gave
directions for possible harmonization of several specific design and safety related rules in the regional and
national standards. No agreement among the experts could be reached for global harmonization of most rules,
mainly for the following reasons:
a) the compared standards and codes were based on different assumptions and experience, written at
different stages of industry development, without using a consistent methodology and procedures as
recommended in ISO/IEC Guide 51;
b) they were written in prescriptive rather than performance language.
4.1.3 It further became clear that prescriptive standards not only continuously lag behind the development
of escalator and moving walk technologies and the state of the art, but present impediments to the progress
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ISO/TS 25740-1:2011(E)
and innovation of industry. Differences in regional and national safety requirements affecting the designs of
escalators or moving walks also pose barriers to free trade. Therefore, a new approach in the development of
standards for escalators and moving walks affecting safety shall be taken.
4.2 Approach
4.2.1 This Technical Specification has been developed as a product safety standard. See 7.1 of
ISO/IEC Guide 51 for the definition of the term “product safety standard”.
4.2.2 The intention was to develop essential safety requirements (ESRs) for escalators and moving walks.
In broad terms, the escalator or moving walk is defined as a power-driven unit, including guards adjacent to
the travel path, which carries persons from one landing to another, without any design constraints such as
those that are usually specified in the regional or national escalator and mo
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