ISO 13232-6:2005

Motorcycles - Test and analysis procedures for research evaluation of rider crash protective devices fitted to motorcycles - Part 6: Full-scale impact-test procedures

ISO 13232-6:2005 specifies minimum requirements for: paired comparison tests; the preparation of the dummy, motorcycle and opposing vehicle; the repeatability and reproducibility of impact test conditions within and between test sites; the minimization of variation in secondary test variables; realistic and representative impact conditions for full-scale impact tests; and a means to verify analytical evaluations of proposed rider crash protective devices fitted to motorcycles, such as computer simulation. ISO 13232 specifies the minimum requirements for research into the feasibility of protective devices fitted to motorcycles, which are intended to protect the rider in the event of a collision. ISO 13232 is applicable to impact tests involving: two-wheeled motorcycles; the specified type of opposing vehicle; either a stationary and a moving vehicle or two moving vehicles; for any moving vehicle, a steady speed and straight-line motion immediately prior to impact; one helmeted dummy in a normal seating position on an upright motorcycle; the measurement of the potential for specified types of injury by body region; evaluation of the results of paired impact tests (i.e. comparisons between motorcycles fitted and not fitted with the proposed devices); and evaluation of inflatable/triggered protective device. ISO 13232-6 does not apply to testing for regulatory or legislative purposes.

Motocycles — Méthodes d'essai et d'analyse de l'évaluation par la recherche des dispositifs, montés sur les motocycles, visant à la protection des motocyclistes contre les collisions — Partie 6: Méthodes d'essai de choc en vraie grandeur

General Information

• Status: Published
• Publication Date: 07-Dec-2005
• ICS: 43.140 - Motorcycles and mopeds
• Technical Committee: ISO/TC 22/SC 38 - Motorcycles and mopeds
• Drafting Committee: ISO/TC 22/SC 38 - Motorcycles and mopeds
• Current Stage: 9060 - Close of review
• Completion Date: 02-Dec-2030

Relations

• Amended By: ISO 13232-6:2005/Amd 1:2012 - Motorcycles - Test and analysis procedures for research evaluation of rider crash protective devices fitted to motorcycles - Part 6: Full-scale impact-test procedures - Amendment 1: MATD test helmet
• Effective Date: 28-Aug-2021
• Revises: ISO 13232-6:1996 - Motorcycles - Test and analysis procedures for research evaluation of rider crash protective devices fitted to motorcycles - Part 6: Full-scale impact-test procedures
• Effective Date: 15-Apr-2008

Overview - ISO 13232-6:2005 (Full‑scale impact‑test procedures)

ISO 13232-6:2005 is Part 6 of the ISO 13232 series for research evaluation of rider crash protective devices fitted to motorcycles. It specifies minimum requirements and procedures for conducting full‑scale impact tests to assess how protective devices affect rider injury potential. The standard is explicitly for research use (not for regulatory/legislative compliance) and supports paired comparison testing and verification of analytical tools such as computer simulation.

Key topics and technical requirements

• Scope of application: applies to two‑wheeled motorcycles, one helmeted anthropomorphic test dummy in a normal seating position, and impacts involving a specified type of opposing vehicle (OV). Impacts may involve stationary vs moving or two moving vehicles with steady speed and straight‑line motion immediately prior to impact.
• Opposing vehicle requirements: for a test series the OV should be a single make/model 4‑door saloon with kerb mass between 1238 kg and 1450 kg and overall height between 137 cm and 147 cm (with specific ride‑height selection for international comparisons).
• Paired comparison tests: standardized method for comparing baseline motorcycles and motorcycles fitted with proposed protective devices to isolate device effects.
• Dummy, motorcycle and OV preparation: minimum preparations and procedures for dummy setup, helmet installation, motorcycle configuration and OV condition to ensure repeatability and reproducibility across tests and test sites.
• Repeatability & control of variables: minimization of variation in secondary test variables, defined impact conditions, and test safety procedures to improve inter‑site reproducibility.
• Verification of analytical evaluations: methods to validate computer simulations and analytical models against full‑scale test data.
• Inflatable/triggered devices: additional test and analysis procedures are included for inflatable or triggered protective devices.
• Supporting annexes: normative and informative annexes provide procedures for dummy joint tensioning, pre‑mount preparation, dummy positioning, helmet installation templates, and rationale for test choices.

Practical applications and users

Who uses ISO 13232-6:

• Motorcycle OEMs and component suppliers evaluating rider protection concepts
• Research laboratories and independent crash test facilities performing full‑scale impact tests
• Safety device designers (including inflatable/triggered systems) validating prototypes
• Simulation engineers who need standardized test data to validate computational models
• Academic researchers studying rider injury mechanisms and device effectiveness

Practical uses:

• Conducting paired tests to quantify injury‑reduction potential of new devices
• Ensuring consistent test setup to compare results across sites and studies
• Verifying simulation models with full‑scale empirical data before broader deployment

Related standards

• ISO 13232 series (Parts 1–8) - definitions, dummy specifications, instrumentation, injury indices, simulation procedures, and reporting
• 49 CFR Part 572 (Hybrid III dummy) and UNECE helmet regulation references cited for instrumentation and helmet approval context

Keywords: ISO 13232-6:2005, full‑scale impact‑test procedures, motorcycle impact testing, rider crash protective devices, paired comparison tests, dummy preparation, opposing vehicle.

Standards Content (Sample)

INTERNATIONAL ISO
STANDARD 13232-6
Second edition
2005-12-15
Motorcycles — Test and analysis
procedures for research evaluation of
rider crash protective devices fitted to
motorcycles —
Part 6:
Full-scale impact-test procedures
Motocycles — Méthodes d'essai et d'analyse de l'évaluation par la
recherche des dispositifs, montés sur les motocycles, visant à la
protection des motocyclistes contre les collisions —
Partie 6: Méthodes d'essai de choc en vraie grandeur

Reference number
©
ISO 2005
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ii © ISO 2005 – All rights reserved

Contents Page
Foreword. v
Introduction. vi
1 Scope.1
2 Normative references.2
3 Definitions .2
4 Requirements.3
4.1 Opposing vehicle.3
4.2 Motorcycle.4
4.3 Dummy and instrumentation.4
4.4 Photographic equipment .5
4.5 Impact conditions.5
4.6 Additional test and analysis procedures for inflatable/triggered protective device .8
4.7 Test safety .8
5 Impact test methods.8
5.1 Impact conditions.8
5.2 Vehicle set up.8
5.3 Dummy set up .9
5.4 Stationary MC support .13
5.5 Camera set up .13
5.6 Pre-test measurements.14
5.7 Temperature soaking .14
6 Documentation and reporting .14
Annex A (normative) Procedure to set dummy joint tensions.15
Annex B (normative) Procedure for dummy pre-mount preparation.22
Annex C (normative) Procedure for positioning the dummy on the motorcycle .23
Annex D (normative) Procedure to install the helmet on the dummy and position the dummy head .27
Annex E (informative) Outline of additional general test and analysis procedures for
inflatable/triggered protective devices.29
Annex F (informative) Rationale for ISO 13232-6 .33
Figures
Figure 1 — Motorcycle overall length measurement bump.11
Figure 2 — Head impactor target point and line-of-motion centre for sensor, data acquisition, and post processing
verification.12
Figure A.1 — Typical weight hanger .16
Figure A.2 — Weight set.17
Figure A.3 — Typical lower arm clamping fixture.18
Figure C.1 — An example torso inclinometer.26
Figure D.1 — Template of the helmet alignment tool.28
Figure F.1 — Effect of joint tension on maximum head acceleration in car side 90° impact .44
Figure F.2 — HyGe sled test results comparing arm joint tension effects on trajectory .47
Tables
Table 1 — OV contact point relative tolerances for the seven required impact configurations described in
ISO 13232-2 .6
Table 2 — OV contact point tolerances for other impact configurations .7
Table 3 — OV ride heights .9
Table 4 — Impactor characteristics for systems verification .10
Table A.1 — Arm joint initial adjustments.19
Table A.2 — Arm joint tension adjustments .20
Table A.3 — Leg joint tension adjustments.21
Table B.1 — Dummy limb pre-mount positions.22
Table F.1 — EC, Japan and US vehicle data.34
Table F.2 — Hybrid III dummy response sensitivity to temperature changes, based on Seiffert and Leyer, 1976 .41
Table F.3 — Dummy limb weights, distances used for joint tension calculations.48
iv © ISO 2005 – All rights reserved

Foreword
ISO (the International Organization for Standardization) is a worldwide federation of national standards bodies (ISO
member bodies). The work of preparing International Standards is normally carried out through ISO technical
committees. Each member body interested in a subject for which a technical committee has been established has
the right to be represented on that committee. International organizations, governmental and non-governmental, in
liaison with ISO, also take part in the work. ISO collaborates closely with the International Electrotechnical
Commission (IEC) on all matters of electrotechnical standardization.
International Standards are drafted in accordance with the rules given in the ISO/IEC Directives, Part 2.
The main task of technical committees is to prepare International Standards. Draft International Standards adopted
by the technical committees are circulated to the member bodies for voting. Publication as an International
Standard requires approval by at least 75 % of the member bodies casting a vote.
ISO 13232-6 was prepared by Technical Committee ISO/TC 22, Road vehicles, Subcommittee SC 22, Motorcycles.
This second edition cancels and replaces the first version (ISO 13232-6:1996), which has been technically revised.
ISO 13232 consists of the following parts, under the general title Motorcycles — Test and analysis procedures for
research evaluation of rider crash protective devices fitted to motorcycles:
⎯ Part 1: Definitions, symbols and general considerations
⎯ Part 2: Definition of impact conditions in relation to accident data
⎯ Part 3: Motorcyclist anthropometric impact dummy
⎯ Part 4: Variables to be measured, instrumentation and measurement procedures
⎯ Part 5: Injury indices and risk/benefit analysis
⎯ Part 6: Full-scale impact-test procedures
⎯ Part 7: Standardized procedures for performing computer simulations of motorcycle impact tests
⎯ Part 8: Documentation and reports
Introduction
ISO 13232 has been prepared on the basis of existing technology. Its purpose is to define common research
methods and a means for making an overall evaluation of the effect that devices which are fitted to motorcycles
and intended for the crash protection of riders, have on injuries, when assessed over a range of impact conditions
which are based on accident data.
It is intended that all of the methods and recommendations contained in ISO 13232 should be used in all basic
feasibility research. However, researchers should also consider variations in the specified conditions (for example,
rider size) when evaluating the overall feasibility of any protective device. In addition, researchers may wish to vary
or extend elements of the methodology in order to research issues which are of particular interest to them. In all
such cases which go beyond the basic research, if reference is to be made to ISO 13232, a clear explanation of
how the used procedures differ from the basic methodology should be provided.
ISO 13232 was prepared by ISO/TC 22/SC 22 at the request of the United Nations Economic Commission for
Europe Group for Road Vehicle General Safety (UN/ECE/TRANS/SCI/WP29/GRSG), based on original working
documents submitted by the International Motorcycle Manufacturers Association (IMMA), and comprising eight
interrelated parts.
This revision of ISO 13232 incorporates extensive technical amendments throughout all the parts, resulting from
extensive experience with the standard and the development of improved research methods.
In order to apply ISO 13232 properly, it is strongly recommended that all eight parts be used together, particularly if
the results are to be published.

vi © ISO 2005 – All rights reserved

INTERNATIONAL STANDARD ISO 13232-6:2005(E)

Motorcycles — Test and analysis procedures for research
evaluation of rider crash protective devices fitted to
motorcycles —
Part 6:
Full-scale impact-test procedures
1 Scope
This part of ISO 13232 specifies minimum requirements for:
⎯ paired comparison tests;
⎯ the preparation of the dummy, motorcycle and opposing vehicle;
⎯ the repeatability and reproducibility of impact test conditions within and between test sites;
⎯ the minimization of variation in secondary test variables;
⎯ realistic and representative impact conditions for full-scale impact tests;
⎯ a means to verify analytical evaluations of proposed rider crash protective devices fitted to motorcycles, such
as computer simulation.
ISO 13232 specifies the minimum requirements for research into the feasibility of protective devices fitted to
motorcycles, which are intended to protect the rider in the event of a collision.
ISO 13232 is applicable to impact tests involving:
⎯ two-wheeled motorcycles;
⎯ the specified type of opposing vehicle;
⎯ either a stationary and a moving vehicle or two moving vehicles;
⎯ for any moving vehicle, a steady speed and straight-line motion immediately prior to impact;
⎯ one helmeted dummy in a normal seating position on an upright motorcycle;
⎯ the measurement of the potential for specified types of injury by body region;
⎯ evaluation of the results of paired impact tests (i.e. comparisons between motorcycles fitted and not fitted with
the proposed devices);
⎯ evaluation of inflatable/triggered protective device.
ISO 13232-6 does not apply to testing for regulatory or legislative purposes.
2 Normative references
The following referenced documents are indispensable for the application of this document. For dated
references, only the edition cited applies. For undated references, the latest edition of the referenced
document (including any amendments) applies.

ISO 13232-1, Motorcycles — Test and analysis procedures for research evaluation of rider crash protective devices
fitted to motorcycles — Part 1: Definitions, symbols, and general considerations
ISO 13232-2, Motorcycles — Test and analysis procedures for research evaluation of rider crash protective devices
fitted to motorcycles — Part 2: Definition of impact conditions in relation to accident data
ISO 13232-3, Motorcycles — Test and analysis procedures for research evaluation of rider crash protective devices
fitted to motorcycles — Part 3: Motorcyclist anthropometric impact dummy
ISO 13232-4, Motorcycles — Test and analysis procedures for research evaluation of rider crash protective devices
fitted to motorcycles — Part 4: Variables to be measured, instrumentation, and measurement procedures
ISO 13232-7, Motorcycles — Test and analysis procedures for research evaluation of rider crash protective devices
fitted to motorcycles — Part 7: Standard procedures for performing computer simulations of motorcycle impact tests
ISO 13232-8, Motorcycles — Test and analysis procedures for research evaluation of rider crash protective devices
fitted to motorcycles — Part 8: Documentation and reports
49 CFR Part 572, subpart E: 1993, Anthropomorphic test dummies, United States of America Code of Federal
Regulations issued by the National Highway Traffic Safety Administration (NHTSA). Washington, D.C
SAE Engineering aid 23: 1986, User's manual for the 50th percentile Hybrid III test dummy, Disassembly and
assembly, p. 5-20. Warrendale, Pennsylvania, USA
E/ECE/TRANS/505 Rev. 1/Add. 21/Reg. 22/Rev. 3: 1992, Uniform provisions concerning the approval of
protective helmets and of their visors for drivers and passengers of motorcycles and mopeds, Genève, Switzerland

3 Definitions
The following terms are defined in ISO 13232-1. For the purposes of this part of ISO 13232, those definitions apply.
Additional definitions which could apply to this part of ISO 13232 are also listed in ISO 13232-1:
⎯ baseline MC;
⎯ kerb mass;
⎯ dummy K index;
⎯ dummy preparation areas;
⎯ dummy S index;
⎯ group of tests;
⎯ head hook;
2 © ISO 2005 – All rights reserved

⎯ hexagonal key tool;
⎯ knee centre line index;
⎯ lower arm clamping fixture;
⎯ modified MC;
⎯ motorcycle K point;
⎯ motorcycle S point;
⎯ multiple paired comparison;
⎯ overall height;
⎯ overall length of the MC;
⎯ pivot;
⎯ rotate;
⎯ secondary test variables;
⎯ single paired comparison;
⎯ structural element of the MC;
⎯ suppression
⎯ upper torso reference line;
⎯ weight hanger.
4 Requirements
4.1 Opposing vehicle
For all test series except those intended for international comparison purposes, the opposing vehicle (OV) for all
tests in a given test series shall be a single make, model, year and version of any four door saloon having a kerb
mass not less than 1238 kg and not greater than 1450 kg, and having an overall height not less than 137 cm and
not greater than 147 cm.
For all test series which are intended for international comparison purposes, the involved research organizations
shall together select a single make, model, year and version of a four door saloon, which meets the aforementioned
kerb mass and overall height specifications. The involved research organizations may also select, for tests in other
regions, local versions that are similar to the selected version, which are or shall be made to be structurally
equivalent to the selected version, with full explanation given in the test report. The involved research organizations
shall also together select the OV ride height values for the selected version, as described in 5.2.1, to be used in all
tests for international comparison purposes.
The OV shall be in sound, unmodified mechanical condition, except for modifications to the local versions of the
selected OV for international comparison tests, as may be required by this clause. The allowable test mass for all
OV’s shall be 80 kg ± 20 kg more than the kerb mass of the selected vehicle.
NOTE The specified OV’s are to be used until ISO 13232 is amended to incorporate updated OV alternatives, and/or a
moving deformable barrier.
The OV shall be set up following the procedures described in 5.2.1.
4.2 Motorcycle
The motorcycle (MC) shall be set up following the procedures described in 5.2.2.
4.3 Dummy and instrumentation
4.3.1 Motorcyclist anthropometric impact dummy
The motorcyclist impact dummy used shall meet all of the requirements described in ISO 13232-3.
Prior to use in impact testing the dummy head, thorax, and knees shall be tested to conform to the calibration
requirements and procedures as described in paragraphs 572.32, 572.34, and 572.35 of U.S. 49 CFR Part 572,
using the test conditions and instrumentation described in paragraphs 572.36 of U.S. 49 CFR Part 572. The neck
shall be tested to conform to the requirements of 3-4.3.6. The number of full-scale tests between calibrations shall
not exceed ten. The number of full-scale tests since the last calibration shall be documented according to
ISO 13232-8.
All frangible components shall be new and not previously used either in full-scale or component testing.
4.3.2 Instrumentation
The dummy shall be equipped with the instrumentation described in ISO 13232-4.
4.3.3 Sensor, data acquisition, and post processing systems verification
Prior to each impact test, the operation of the head sensors and data acquisition and post processing systems shall
be verified by applying an impact to the unhelmeted head of the dummy, as described in 5.3.1. The resulting time
histories shall be included in the documentation of test results. Between the time of such verification test and the
full-scale impact test, none of the sensors, data acquisition or post processing hardware, or gains, scale factors or
ranges shall be changed in any way.
4.3.4 Joint tensions
The dummy joint tensions shall be adjusted, as described in 5.3.2, according to the procedures described in
Annex A.
4.3.5 Clothing
The dummy shall be fitted with long sleeved close fitting thermal knit underwear. The underwear shall have holes
cut in it to accommodate the lower arm pre-mount positioning procedure, described in Table B.1, and the upper
torso angle measurement procedure, if performed as described in C.2.4.2. The dummy feet shall be fitted with
leather racing type boots which shall have the following dimensions:
2,0 cm ± 0,5 cm heel height;
1,0 kg ± 0,3 kg mass per boot.
The same boot make, model, and size shall be used for all tests within a paired comparison, as described in 4.5.4.4.
Gloves may also be used to protect the hands if the gloves do not affect the flexibility of the hands and fingers.
4 © ISO 2005 – All rights reserved

4.3.6 Position on motorcycle
The dummy shall be positioned on the motorcycle, as described in 5.3.4 and 5.3.5.
4.3.7 Helmet
1)
The dummy shall be fitted with a Bieffe model B12R helmet according to the procedures described in Annex D.
The helmet shall be new (i.e., the helmet shall not be used for more than one test) and shall meet the following
specifications:
⎯ size designation, either small (56 cm) or medium (58 cm);
⎯ certified to ECE Reg 22-03 on a 57 cm headform.
The same helmet make, model, and specifications shall be used for all tests within a paired comparison, as
2)
described in 4.5.4.4. Helmets from the same production lot should be used for all tests within a paired comparison .
4.4 Photographic equipment
High speed cameras having the capabilities given in ISO 13232-4 shall be used. The cameras used for pre-test and
pre-impact photographs may be remotely triggered.
Photographic targets shall be placed on the MC, OV, and ground at the locations described in 4.3 of ISO 13232-4,
and on the dummy at the locations described in 5.3.6 of this part of ISO 13232.
4.5 Impact conditions
In order to do an overall evaluation of the feasibility of a given protective device according to ISO 13232, paired
comparison tests using at least the seven full-scale impact configurations defined in 4.3.1 of ISO 13232-2 shall be
done. The protective device shall also be evaluated in the remaining 193 impact configurations defined in Table B.1
of ISO 13232-2, and this evaluation should be done by computer simulation according to ISO 13232-7.
The impact condition shall be selected as described in 5.1.
The impact test shall be performed such that it meets the following requirements.
4.5.1 Pre-test measurement
The static measurements which are required to determine impact conditions shall be performed as defined in 5.6 of
this part of ISO 13232.
4.5.2 Post-test measurement
Measurements of impact conditions at the time immediately preceding first MC/OV contact shall be performed as
described in 5.3 of ISO 13232-4. The measurements shall be used to determine accuracy of impact conditions, as
described in 4.5.4 of this part of ISO 13232.
When comparing the pre-test set up photographs with the pre-impact photographs, the positions of the dummy
helmet centroid point and of the dummy joint locations, with respect to the motorcycle, shall agree to within ± 3 cm.

1) Bieffe, model B12R is a product supplied by Bieffe Helmets S.r.l., Lucca, Italy. This information is given for the convenience
of users of ISO 13232 and does not constitute an endorsement by ISO of the product named.
2) Helmets purchased in EU countries are marked with a serial number related to the production lot number. Users who
choose to use such helmets should contact Bieffe to determine the relationship between serial numbers and lot numbers.
4.5.3 Vehicle speed control
The MC and OV shall be free wheeling at the time of impact, and thereafter, except:
⎯ if the OV impact speed is zero, then the OV parking brake, adjusted to the manufacturer's specification, shall
be fully applied during the entire impact test;
⎯ if the OV impact speed is non-zero, then between 0,5 s and 1,0 s after impact, the OV shall be decelerated to
a stop with braking equivalent to a brake pedal force of at least 400 N.
4.5.4 Paired comparisons
4.5.4.1 Required relative tolerances
The difference between two tests in a single paired comparison or among all members of a group of tests in a
multiple paired comparison shall not be greater than the following values:
⎯ relative heading angle: 3°;
⎯ OV impact speed: 5% of the target speed;
⎯ MC impact speed: 5% of the target speed;
⎯ MC roll angle: 5°;
⎯ OV contact point: see Table 1 for the seven required impact configurations described in ISO 13232-2.
Table 1 — OV contact point relative tolerances for the seven required impact configurations described in
ISO 13232-2
OV contact Relative OV/MC OV contact point
location heading angle speeds relative tolerance
deg m/s cm
Front 90 9,8/0 5
Front 135 6,7/13,4 10
Front corner 180 0/13,4 3
Side 90 0/13,4 5
Side 135 6,7/13,4 15
Side 90 6,7/13,4 15
Side 45 6,7/13,4 15
4.5.4.2 Recommended OV contact point relative tolerances for other impact configurations
For the other 193 impact configurations described in ISO 13232-2, the OV contact point relative tolerance should
be as described in Table 2.
6 © ISO 2005 – All rights reserved

Table 2 — OV contact point tolerances for other impact configurations
OV contact location Relative heading angle OV contact point relative tolerance
deg cm
For zero OV or All other speed
MC speed combinations
Front or rear all 5 10
Front corner or rear corner all 3 6
Side front, side middle, or side rear 90 5 15
Side front, side middle, or side rear 45, or 135 5 15

4.5.4.3 Required absolute tolerances
For a given impact condition and for each impact condition variable, the difference between the target condition and
each of the tests in a single or multiple paired comparison, shall be less than or equal to the values specified in
4.5.4.1 and 4.5.4.2.
4.5.4.4 Number of tests
For paired comparison impact tests, at least one test with the protective device fitted to the MC and at least one
test without the protective device fitted to the MC shall be done.
Multiple runs may be performed provided that the same number of multiple runs are performed and documented for
both the baseline MC and the modified MC.
4.5.5 Ambient conditions
The air temperature of the area used for long term storage of the dummy should be between 13° C and 30° C.
Beginning at least 3 hours before the planned time of impact, the air temperature in each of the dummy preparation
areas shall be measured and documented while the dummy is in each area.
If the temperature measured in each of the dummy preparation areas is between 13° C and 30° C, then no
additional temperature soaking procedures shall be used.
If the temperature in any of the dummy preparation areas is outside this range, and the total exposure time to the
out of range temperature exceeds the time given by the equation below, where first area is the soak area and the
second area is the out of range area, then the dummy shall be soaked following the temperature soaking procedure
given in 5.7.
t=τ In []()T − T /(T − T)
2 1 2 0
where
t is the total exposure time required to reach the limit of the temperature range, in hours;
T is the air temperature in the first area, in degrees Celsius;
T is the air temperature in the second area, in degrees Celsius;
T is the critical temperature, in degrees Celsius: 13° C for moving to or from temperatures colder than the
required range; 30° C for moving to or from temperatures warmer than the required range;
τ is 2.9, the dummy thorax thermal time constant, in hours.
Any further exposure to out of range temperatures shall be treated as described in 5.7.
The wind velocity at the point and time of impact shall be no greater than 4,2 m/s. The test surface shall be
substantially level with a maximum gradient of 2%.
4.6 Additional test and analysis procedures for inflatable/triggered protective device
If an inflatable/triggered protective device (i.e., airbag) is being evaluated, additional test and analysis methods
should be used that are consistent with those outlined in Annex F.
4.7 Test safety
When performing tests using ISO 13232 procedures, specifications, and requirements, safety must always be a
primary goal. At no time should safety practices and procedures be compromised in order to comply with the
requirements of this Standard.
Users of this Standard are requested to report to the relevant ISO working group any test personnel injuries or near
injuries encountered during the implementation of ISO 13232 so that the incident may be analysed and ISO 13232
modified as required, in order to prevent future accidents and possible injuries.
5 Impact test methods
5.1 Impact conditions
From the list of required and other, permissible impact configurations given in 4.3 of ISO 13232-2, select the impact
configuration to be tested and specify the impact conditions using the variables described in ISO 13232-2.
5.2 Vehicle set up
5.2.1 Opposing vehicle
Remove the battery cable and fuel. Weigh the vehicle. Weigh the brake actuator system and the portion of the
guidance system mounted on the OV. Add this mass to the measured OV mass and compare the total mass to the
allowable test mass given in 4.1. Add or remove ballast or components as necessary to attain the allowable test
mass. Install the brake actuator and guidance systems in the OV.
Leave the steering wheel and steering system free to steer. Put the transmission in neutral gear. Completely close
all doors, windows, the bonnet, and the boot lid.
For the first OV in a test series, measure and adjust the ride height as specified in Table 3. For subsequent OV’s in
a test series, measure and adjust the ride height to be within the tolerances as specified in Table 3. Adjust the ride
height by adjusting any of the tyre pressures to between 138 kPa and 276 kPa, or by adding spring spacers and/or
compressors.
8 © ISO 2005 – All rights reserved

Table 3 — OV ride heights
OV contact location OV ride height measurement location Height above Tolerance compared
ground to first OV in test
series
cm
cm
Front and front corner Lowest point of bonnet at forward end of Measure for first
a
bonnet centreline OV in test series
Side Highest point of front door Measure for first
a
OV in test series
Rear Lowest point of boot lid at rearward end of Measure for first
a
boot lid centreline OV in test series
a
To be measured for first OV in a test series, after vehicle’s x and y body axes have been levelled to be 90 degrees ± 5 degrees from
the gravitational vertical axis.

5.2.2 Motorcycle
Remove the fuel. If the MC is equipped with a rear wheel adjuster to accommodate a chain or belt, adjust the rear
wheel to the most forward position. Remove the chain or belt, if present. Set the tyre pressures to the vehicle
manufacturer's recommendations. Set the suspension ride height and damping settings to the vehicle
manufacturer's recommendations, or to the mid-range point, in the absence of a recommendation. Weigh the MC.
Put the MC in neutral gear.
For impact configurations in which the overall MC length measurement is required (e.g., 143-9,8/0 in ISO 13232-2),
place the dummy on the motorcycle in a riding position which approximates that to be used in the full-scale impact
tests, with the hands on the hand grips and the feet on the foot rests. Ballast the motorcycle to simulate the mass
of any additional equipment related to the conduct of the test. Place a bump, like the one shown in Figure 1,
approximately 1,5 m in front of the MC, such that the bump is perpendicular to the MC longitudinal centre line. Roll
the laden MC a total distance of at least 3 m, perpendicularly across the bump. Place a target on the intended MC
contact point and document the MC overall length as specified in clause 6. Remove the dummy from the MC.
For impact configurations in which the MC is moving, install the MC in the guidance system, such that:
⎯ the steering system is free to steer after release from the guidance system and prior to impact, except for
interaction with the dummy's hands;
⎯ the front wheel is pointed in the straight ahead direction;
⎯ the front and rear facing MC upper and lower centre line targets form a vertical line with respect to gravity.
For impact configurations where the MC is stationary, construct two wooden support stands with a nominally
square cross section; a maximum length and width of 50 mm; and of suitable height to support the MC in a vertical
position. Use metal shims having a maximum outside diameter of 25 mm and a maximum thickness of 2 mm, on
top of each support stand to level the MC on the stands.
5.3 Dummy set up
5.3.1 Sensor, data acquisition, and post processing systems verification
Mark the dummy head skin with the impactor target point and line-of-motion centre as indicated in Figure 2. Seat
the dummy on a rigid, flat, horizontal surface with the thoracic spine box, upper arms, and lower legs in a vertical
orientation. Adjust the neck adjustment joint so that with the helmet alignment tool (shown in Figure D.1) fitted to
the front of the head, the helmet alignment tool upper edge is horizontal, ± 2° with respect to gravity. Pitch the
dummy torso/head assembly forward about the hip joints by adjusting the lateral separation of the legs, if
necessary, so that the helmet alignment tool upper edge is inclined 45° ± 2° from horizontal.
Impact the dummy head by moving the impactor centre line along the line of motion indicated in Figure 2 with a
pendulum impactor as described in Table 4. Record the head and neck load cell responses with the data
acquisition system, as described in 4.5 of ISO 13232-4.
Review the recorded time history data. Before proceeding with the full-scale test, check for proper system
functioning and approximate scaling, by examining the data. Include the time histories in the documentation as
specified in clause 6.
Table 4 — Impactor characteristics for systems verification
Characteristic Value
5,0 kg ± 0,5 kg
Mass of impactor head
1,0 kg ± 0,1 kg
Mass of pendulum arm
Impactor surface Spherical, radius 50 mm ± 5 mm
Length of pendulum arm
500 mm ± 50 mm
Pendulum drop height
500 mm ± 50 mm
Impactor motion at impact
Horizontal, ± 2° with respect to gravity

10 © ISO 2005 – All rights reserved

Figure 1 — Motorcycle overall length measurement bump
Figure 2 — Head impactor target point and line-of-motion centre for sensor, data acquisition, and post
processing verification
12 © ISO 2005 – All rights reserved

5.3.2 Joint tensions
Set the joint tensions before each impact, following the procedures described in Annex A.
5.3.3 Clothing
Clothe the dummy as described in 4.3.5.
5.3.4 Pre-mount preparation
Prepare the dummy for mounting on the motorcycle, following the procedure described in Annex B.
5.3.5 Mount on motorcycle
Position the dummy on the motorcycle, following the procedure described in Annex C. Position the helmet on the
dummy, following the procedure described in Annex D.
Measure the heights above the ground of the centre of the headlamp lens and of the taillamp lens. Adjust the
heights by adjusting the tire inflation pressures within the range recommended by the vehicle manufacturer or
suspension spring settings provided by the manufacturer for the user, if present, such that for any paired
comparison, the maximum difference between the two tests is ± 1 cm, if possible. If not possible, minimize the
difference between the two tests, and provide a full explanation in the test documentation. Include the
measurements in the test documentation.
5.3.6 Film analysis targeting
Place targets on the dummy clothing, at the shoulder, hip, knee, and ankle joints, on the side of the dummy nearest
to the MC side view high speed camera. Place each target such that it will be centred on the centre of rotation of
the joint and as close as possible to parallel to the plane of the camera lens.
5.4 Stationary MC support
For impact configurations in which the MC is stationary, support the MC with two separate support stands, such
that:
⎯ the steering system is free to steer except for interaction with dummy's hands;
⎯ the front wheel is pointed in the straight ahead direction;
⎯ the front and rear facing MC upper and lower centre line targets form a vertical line with respect to gravity.
Support the MC vertically with stands, as described in 5.2.2, on both the left and right sides such that they contact
some structural element of the MC. Use up to five metal shims, as described in 5.2.2, to adjust the vertical position
of the MC.
An alternative procedure may be used which produces the equivalent result.
5.5 Camera set up
While the vehicles are positioned in the expected first MC/OV contact locations, set up and adjust the required high
speed cameras, the pre-impact dummy position verification imaging systems, and any other cameras, according to
the specifications given in 4.6 and 4.7 of ISO 13232-4. If required, set the triggers for the pre-impact still cameras
or other image reading systems such that the images are recorded before first contact, but not sooner than 0,100 s
before first contact.
Before the impact test, if necessary for lens distortion correction, film a grid pattern with each required camera as
described in 5.1 of ISO 13232-4.
5.6 Pre-test measurements
Measure the parameters as described in 5.1 of ISO 13232-4.
5.7 Temperature soaking
Place the dummy in an area which has an air temperature in the required range, for a period of time given by the
equation in 4.5.5, where the first area is the out of range area, and the second area is the soak area.
6 Documentation and reporting
All test conditions (including ambient, OV, MC, and dummy), recorded verification data, impact conditions, and
measurements described in this part of ISO 13232 shall be documented in accordance with ISO 13232-8.

14 © ISO 2005 – All rights reserved

Annex A
(normative)
Procedure to set dummy joint tensions
A.1 New component preparation and dummy assembly
For instruction on fitting new components and assembling the dummy use the USA SAE Engineering aid 23. In
addition, check and, if necessary, lap the hip and ankle ball and socket joints, such that with each set screw fully
loosened and all flange bolts fully tightened, each joint rotates freely under the weight of the attached limb,
throughout its full range of motion.
A.2 Apparatus
The apparatus required for this procedure includes the:
⎯ overhead hoist;
⎯ weight hanger, an example of which is shown in Figure A.1;
⎯ weight set, shown in Figure A.2;
⎯ lower arm clamping fixture, an example of which is shown in Figure A.3.
A.3 Procedure
A.3.1 Whole dummy preparation
Remove the chest skin components and using a harness placed under the clavicles near the spine box, suspend
the dummy in a straight standing position with the hands and arms at the dummy sides.
A.3.2 Arm joint initial adjustments
Adjust the left and right arm joints in the sequence and following the procedures given in Table A.1.
Figure A.1 — Typical weight hanger
16 © ISO 2005 – All rights reserved

Mass Quantity r t Dimensions and shape may be adjusted to
facilitate fabrication and to comply with the mass
cm cm
tolerance.
1 11,8 1,8
6 Kg ± 300g
1 11,8 1,2
4 Kg ± 200g
2 Kg ± 100g 1 9,2 1,0
2 9,2 0,5
1 Kg ± 50g
1 4,2 0,5
0,2 Kg ± 10g
2 3,0 0,5
0,1 Kg ± 5g
Figure A.2 — Weight set
Figure A.3 — Typical lower arm clamping fixture
18 © ISO 2005 – All rights reserved

Table A.1 — Arm joint initial adjustments
Sequence Procedure
1 Rotate the shoulder joint so the shoulder pivot axis is
vertical (side elevation), arm is forward.
2 Tighten the shoulder rotation bolt.
3 Pivot the upper arm to a horizontal position, laterally
outward from the torso.
a
4 Tighten the shoulder yoke clevis bolt (1/4) .
5 Rotate the elbow until the elbow pivot axis is vertical.
6 Tighten the elbow rotation bolt (3/16).
7 Pivot the lower arm until it is perpendicular to the
upper arm (lower arm points forward).
8 Tighten the elbow pivot bolt (1/4).
9 Rotate the wrist until the wrist pivot axis is horizontal
(palm down).
10 Tighten the wrist rotation bolt (3/16).
11 Pivot the hand until the back of the hand is horizontal
(palm down).
12 Straighten the fingers.
13 Tighten the wrist pivot bolt (3/8).
a
Fractions in parentheses refer to the size, in inches, of the hexagonal key tool
needed to adjust the referenced Hybrid III dummy bolt.

A.3.3 Arm joint tension adjustments
⎯ Adjust the left and right arm joint tensions in the sequence and following the procedures given in Table A.2.
Table A.2 — Arm joint tension adjustments
Sequence Procedure
1 Place the weight hanger plus 4,0 kg such that the pointer contacts the head of the screw in the
back of the hand.
a
2 Adjust the wrist pivot bolt
...