ISO 17438-1:2016
(Main)Intelligent transport systems — Indoor navigation for personal and vehicle ITS station — Part 1: General information and use case definition
Intelligent transport systems — Indoor navigation for personal and vehicle ITS station — Part 1: General information and use case definition
ISO 17438-1:2016 specifies the indoor navigation system architecture including additional components that are added to the existing ITS system and use cases in providing indoor navigation to various types of users including drivers, passengers, and pedestrians using personal and vehicle ITS stations. - The personal and vehicle ITS station in the role of end user terminal running indoor navigation functionality. - Indoor map containing indoor geometry, network topology, and POI data reflecting characteristics of indoor space. - Indoor positioning reference data containing information of positioning infrastructure: WiFi AP, RFID Reader, Bluetooth AP, etc. - Data providers to provision the indoor map or indoor positioning reference data. - Indoor data server registry to provision the information of indoor data server. - Indoor positioning functionality in the personal and vehicle ITS station using indoor positioning reference data. - Indoor positioning functionality in the central ITS station using indoor positioning reference data. - Interface between the P/V ITS station and central ITS station to communicate indoor map data and indoor positioning reference data. ISO 17438-1:2016 includes "General Information", which provides a general overview and structure of each part of ISO 17438. It also specifies "Use Cases" related to the indoor navigation for personal and vehicle ITS stations.
Systèmes de transport intelligents — Navigation interne pour station personelle et véhicule ITS — Partie 1: Informations générales et définition des cas d'utilisation
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INTERNATIONAL ISO
STANDARD 17438-1
First edition
2016-01-15
Intelligent transport systems —
Indoor navigation for personal and
vehicle ITS station —
Part 1:
General information and use case
definition
Systèmes de transport intelligents — Navigation interne pour station
personelle et véhicule ITS —
Partie 1: Informations générales et définition des cas d’utilisation
Reference number
ISO 17438-1:2016(E)
©
ISO 2016
---------------------- Page: 1 ----------------------
ISO 17438-1:2016(E)
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ii © ISO 2016 – All rights reserved
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ISO 17438-1:2016(E)
Contents Page
Foreword .v
Introduction .vi
1 Scope . 1
2 Normative references . 1
3 Terms, definitions, symbols, and abbreviated terms . 1
3.1 Terms and definitions . 1
3.2 Abbreviated terms . 2
4 General information . 2
4.1 Document overview and structure . 2
4.2 Purpose of this part of ISO 17438 . 3
4.3 Indoor navigation system architecture . 3
4.4 Relevant standards . 6
5 Use case overview and principles . 6
5.1 Overview . 6
5.1.1 Basic principles for use case definition . 6
5.1.2 Use case clusters . 7
6 Use case definition . 8
6.1 UC 1 Indoor navigation service cluster . 8
6.1.1 UC 1.1 Indoor map display . 8
6.1.2 UC 1.2 Indoor positioning . 8
6.1.3 UC 1.3 Indoor route planning . 8
6.1.4 UC 1.4 Indoor route guidance . 9
6.1.5 UC 1.5 Indoor POI search . 9
6.1.6 UC 1.6 Server based indoor positioning . 9
6.1.7 UC 1.7 Server based indoor route planning.10
6.1.8 UC 1.8 Server based indoor route guidance .10
6.1.9 UC 1.9 Server based indoor POI search .11
6.1.10 UC 1.10 Indoor map data information request .11
6.1.11 UC 1.11 Indoor positioning reference data information request .11
6.1.12 UC 1.12 Indoor map data download .12
6.1.13 UC 1.13 Indoor positioning reference data download .12
6.1.14 UC 1.14 Reception of emergency situation information.12
6.2 UC 2 Indoor navigation data cluster .12
6.2.1 UC 2.1 Indoor map data generation .12
6.2.2 UC 2.2 Indoor map data update .13
6.2.3 UC 2.3 Indoor map data registration .13
6.2.4 UC 2.4 Indoor map data provision .14
6.2.5 UC 2.5 Indoor positioning reference data generation .14
6.2.6 UC 2.6 Indoor positioning reference data update .14
6.2.7 UC 2.7 Indoor positioning reference data registration .15
6.2.8 UC 2.8 Indoor positioning reference data provision .15
6.2.9 UC 2.9 Provisioning of emergency situation information .15
6.3 UC 3 Indoor navigation data registry cluster .16
6.3.1 UC 3.1 Indoor data information registration and management .16
6.3.2 UC 3.2 Indoor data information provision .16
7 Requirements .16
7.1 Requirements for indoor map data .17
7.2 Requirements for indoor positioning reference data .17
7.3 Requirements for provisioning of indoor map data and indoor positioning
reference data .18
7.4 Requirements for indoor navigation service .18
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ISO 17438-1:2016(E)
Annex A (informative) Benefit Examples .19
Bibliography .20
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ISO 17438-1:2016(E)
Foreword
ISO (the International Organization for Standardization) is a worldwide federation of national standards
bodies (ISO member bodies). The work of preparing International Standards is normally carried out
through ISO technical committees. Each member body interested in a subject for which a technical
committee has been established has the right to be represented on that committee. International
organizations, governmental and non-governmental, in liaison with ISO, also take part in the work.
ISO collaborates closely with the International Electrotechnical Commission (IEC) on all matters of
electrotechnical standardization.
The procedures used to develop this document and those intended for its further maintenance are
described in the ISO/IEC Directives, Part 1. In particular the different approval criteria needed for the
different types of ISO documents should be noted. This document was drafted in accordance with the
editorial rules of the ISO/IEC Directives, Part 2 (see www.iso.org/directives).
Attention is drawn to the possibility that some of the elements of this document may be the subject of
patent rights. ISO shall not be held responsible for identifying any or all such patent rights. Details of
any patent rights identified during the development of the document will be in the Introduction and/or
on the ISO list of patent declarations received (see www.iso.org/patents).
Any trade name used in this document is information given for the convenience of users and does not
constitute an endorsement.
For an explanation on the meaning of ISO specific terms and expressions related to conformity
assessment, as well as information about ISO’s adherence to the WTO principles in the Technical
Barriers to Trade (TBT) see the following URL: Foreword - Supplementary information
The committee responsible for this document is ISO/TC 204, Intelligent transport systems.
ISO 17438 consists of the following parts, under the general title Intelligent transport systems — Indoor
navigation for personal and vehicle ITS station:
— Part 1: General information and use case definition
The following parts are planned:
— Part 2: Requirements and specifications for indoor map data format
— Part 3: Requirements and specifications for indoor positioning reference data format
— Part 4: P/V and central ITS stations interface requirements and specifications for indoor positioning
and map data
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ISO 17438-1:2016(E)
Introduction
This part of ISO 17438 defines requirements and specifications for the indoor map data format,
positioning reference data, and interface between the P/V ITS station and central ITS station to support
indoor navigation.
Applications supporting indoor navigation for personal and vehicle ITS stations need to obtain indoor
map data and positioning reference data through the existing ITS station components.
The following standards are subject to analysis regarding their applicability in supporting indoor
navigation service provision.
— ISO/TR 10992, Intelligent transport systems — Use of nomadic and portable devices to support ITS
service and multimedia provision in vehicles
— ISO 14825, Intelligent transport systems — Geographic Data Files (GDF) — GDF5.0
— OGC 10-191r1, Requirements and Space-Event Modelling for Indoor Navigation
— OGC 12-019, OGC City Geography Markup Language (CityGML) Encoding Standard
— CEN/TS 00278207, Identification of Fixed Objects in Public Transport
— ISO 24099, Navigation data delivery structures and protocols
vi © ISO 2016 – All rights reserved
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INTERNATIONAL STANDARD ISO 17438-1:2016(E)
Intelligent transport systems — Indoor navigation for
personal and vehicle ITS station —
Part 1:
General information and use case definition
1 Scope
This part of ISO 17438 specifies the indoor navigation system architecture including additional
components that are added to the existing ITS system and use cases in providing indoor navigation
to various types of users including drivers, passengers, and pedestrians using personal and vehicle
ITS stations.
— The personal and vehicle ITS station in the role of end user terminal running indoor navigation
functionality.
— Indoor map containing indoor geometry, network topology, and POI data reflecting characteristics
of indoor space.
— Indoor positioning reference data containing information of positioning infrastructure: WiFi AP,
RFID Reader, Bluetooth AP, etc.
— Data providers to provision the indoor map or indoor positioning reference data.
— Indoor data server registry to provision the information of indoor data server.
— Indoor positioning functionality in the personal and vehicle ITS station using indoor positioning
reference data.
— Indoor positioning functionality in the central ITS station using indoor positioning reference data.
— Interface between the P/V ITS station and central ITS station to communicate indoor map data and
indoor positioning reference data.
This part of ISO 17438 includes “General Information”, which provides a general overview and structure
of each part of ISO 17438. It also specifies “Use Cases” related to the indoor navigation for personal and
vehicle ITS stations.
2 Normative references
The following documents, in whole or in part, are normatively referenced in this document and are
indispensable for its application. For dated references, only the edition cited applies. For undated
references, the latest edition of the referenced document (including any amendments) applies.
ISO/TR 10992, Intelligent transport systems — Use of nomadic and portable devices to support ITS service
and multimedia provision in vehicles
3 Terms, definitions, symbols, and abbreviated terms
3.1 Terms and definitions
For the purposes of this document, the terms and definitions given in ISO/TR 10992 and the
following apply.
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ISO 17438-1:2016(E)
3.1.1
indoor navigation
location-based service to guide user to destination using indoor map data (3.1.3) and the current
location of the user in indoor space (3.1.2)
3.1.2
indoor space
area limited to an artificial structure (building, tunnel, etc.) and not available to conventional satellite-
based positioning systems such as GPS
3.1.3
indoor map data
data to present information about indoor space (3.1.2)
Note 1 to entry: It includes indoor geometry, network topology, and POI data.
3.1.4
indoor positioning reference data
group of information that can be used to determine a P/V ITS station or user’s position
Note 1 to entry: Detailed compositions vary depending on the positioning technologies, such as WiFi, RFID, etc.
3.1.5
indoor positioning
process of deciding location of P/V ITS station in the indoor space (3.1.2)
3.1.6
indoor-outdoor seamless navigation
route guidance service between indoor and outdoor environments and/or vice versa
3.2 Abbreviated terms
GPS Global Positioning System
OGC Open Geospatial Consortium
PND Personal Navigation Device
POI Point Of Interest
P/V Personal/Vehicle
RFID Radio Frequency Identification
RG Route Guidance
RP Route Planning
TBT Turn By Turn
XML Extensible Mark-up Language
4 General information
4.1 Document overview and structure
ISO 17438 provides all documents and references required to support the implementation of indoor
navigation. ISO 17438 consists of the following documents.
— Part 1: General information and use case definitions
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ISO 17438-1:2016(E)
This part provides an overview of the document set and structure along with the use case definitions
and a common set of resources (definitions, references) for all subsequent parts.
— Part 2: Requirements and specifications for indoor map data format
This part specifies all technical requirements and provides a materialized specification for map
exchange when a P/V ITS station downloads indoor map data from central ITS station.
— Part 3: Requirements and specifications for indoor positioning reference data format
This part specifies all technical requirements in regards to the indoor positioning reference data
format; these technical requirements are used to determine the locations of P/V stations with reference
to the corresponding indoor map data.
— Part 4: Requirements and specifications for interface between P/V and central ITS stations
This part specifies the interface requirements for map and indoor positioning reference data related to
the personal, vehicle, and central ITS stations.
Figure 1 shows the document structure of the “Indoor navigation for P/V ITS stations” document set.
Indoor navigation for personal and vehicle ITS station
Part 4
Part 3
Part 2
Part 2
Part 1 Requirements and
Requirements and
Requirements and
General informantion and use
speciications for interface
speciications for indoor
speciication for indoor map
cases deinitions
between P/V ITS station and
positioning reference data
data format
central ITS station
format
Figure 1 — Document structure
4.2 Purpose of this part of ISO 17438
The main purposes of this part of ISO 17438 are to
a) identify the requirements for indoor navigation,
b) identify the usability of existing International Standards for indoor navigation,
c) identify additional tasks required to develop the specification of indoor map and indoor positioning
reference data format, and
d) identify additional tasks required to develop common software interfaces between P/V ITS station
and central ITS station.
4.3 Indoor navigation system architecture
By default, indoor navigation system architecture follows the existing ITS communication architecture
with additional indoor navigation functionality. Therefore, the following four basic components are
also included in the indoor navigation architecture:
— the vehicle subsystem component (Vehicle Station);
— the mobile subsystem component (Personal Station);
— the roadside subsystem component (Roadside Station);
— the central subsystem component (Central Station).
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ISO 17438-1:2016(E)
However, in the indoor navigation system architecture, the vehicle station and personal station share
the same functionalities and roles from the perspective of a mobile user. Therefore, in this part of
ISO 17438, the two components will be referred to as a combined component called “P/V ITS Station”.
To offer indoor navigation functionality, additional necessary elements are defined as follows:
— the indoor map data;
— the indoor positioning reference data;
— the indoor map data provider;
— the indoor positioning reference data provider with indoor positioning engine;
— the indoor data server registry;
— the indoor navigation function modules in the personal, vehicle, and central ITS stations;
— the indoor positioning infrastructure.
Figure 2 shows the indoor navigation system designed for ITS.
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ISO 17438-1:2016(E)
2
4 9
Central ITS station 6
Transport
Indoor
Indoor Positioning
Indoor Data
1 Center
navigation
Infrastracture
Registry Server
5
Personal/Vehicle ITS Station
9
Indoor Navigation
Indoor Data Server
Device
8
7
Communication
Network
Indoor
navigation
ND Indoor Map Indoor Positioning
PND
3
Data Reference Data
Provider
Provider
Roadside ITS station
(Host/Router)
Indoor
Indoor
Positioning
Map Data
Reference
Data
Indoor
Indoor Positioning
Map Data Reference
Data
Key
1 P/V ITS Station – Mobile subsystem component and Vehicle subsystem component
2 Central ITS Station – Central subsystem component
3 Roadside ITS Station – Roadside subsystem component
4 Indoor Positioning Infrastructure– Indoor positioning subsystem component
5 Indoor Data Server – Local data server component
6 Indoor Data Server Registry – Management subsystem component for indoor map and indoor positioning
reference data
7 Indoor Map data Provider – Indoor map gathering subsystem component
8 Indoor Positioning Reference data Provider – Indoor positioning reference data gathering subsystem component
9 Indoor navigation – Function module for indoor navigation
Figure 2 — Indoor navigation architecture
The indoor navigation system consists of four components added to the existing system. The first
component is the indoor data server, which generates and provides indoor map data and indoor
positioning reference data for indoor navigation applications. Providers of indoor map data and indoor
positioning reference data could be different even for the same indoor space, since there are numerous
buildings and structures and providers have their own specialities. Hence, indoor map data and indoor
positioning reference data shall be separately managed by the data servers.
The second component is the indoor data server registry in the central ITS station, which manages
metadata for indoor map data. When indoor map data are requested by a P/V ITS station, the indoor
data server registry, whose URL is already known to the P/V ITS station, replies to the P/V ITS station
with the URL of an indoor map data provider managing the requested indoor map data. The P/V ITS
station then connects to the indoor map data provider to retrieve the necessary data. The indoor
positioning reference data can also be provided in the same way.
There are many indoor map data and indoor positioning reference data providers, so a standard format
for indoor map data and indoor positioning reference data are required to increase the interoperability
of the constructed indoor map data and indoor positioning reference data.
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ISO 17438-1:2016(E)
The third component is the indoor positioning infrastructure. There are many indoor positioning
methods depending on the indoor positioning infrastructure. These infrastructures often play the
same roles as do roadside ITS stations, while indoor positioning reference data should have information
about the infrastructure, position, ID, etc.
The last component is the indoor navigation function module in the P/V ITS station. After downloading
indoor map data and indoor positioning reference data, indoor navigation applications display the
indoor map data and inform the user of his or her current location in the indoor space. Users may search
for POIs and plan indoor routes with the given destination information. In the case of server based
navigation, an indoor navigation function module is also available from the Central ITS station.
4.4 Relevant standards
ISO 14825 specifies the conceptual and logical data model and physical encoding formats for geographic
databases for Intelligent Transport System (ITS) applications and services. The indoor map data format
of this part of ISO 17438 will refer to ISO 14825, especially for seamless indoor and outdoor navigation.
OGC IndoorGML is a candidate OGC standard based on prior discussion of OGC 10-191r1. IndoorGML is
an open data model and XML schema for indoor spatial information. Especially, this model focuses on
topological relationships between divided spaces depending on semantic usage. For the end user, these
relationships are represented in the network data for indoor navigation. The indoor map data of this
part of ISO 17438 will refer to the concept and contents of IndoorGML.
OGC 12-019 is a common information model and XML-based encoding for the representation, storage,
and exchange of virtual 3D city and landscape models. Level of Detail 4 (LOD4) of this model handles
indoor space. The indoor map data format of this part of ISO 17438 will refer to CityGML.
CEN/TS 00278207 is a reference data model describing access to public transportation. Indoor
navigation could be related to public transportation hubs and facilities (such as doorways, platforms,
and bus stops). This part of ISO 17438 refers to the IFOPT model for public transport features.
ISO 24099 defines the data structures and protocol(s) used in intelligent transport system (ITS)
applications for the delivery and updating of map-related data from the Service Centre (SC) to users
[In-vehicle Systems (IVS)]. This part of ISO 17438 refers to ISO 24099 for interfaces between P/V and
central ITS stations.
5 Use case overview and principles
5.1 Overview
5.1.1 Basic principles for use case definition
Basic principles have been established as guidelines to define use cases.
a) Use cases are categorized by functions of indoor navigation service and indoor data operation.
b) Indoor navigation use cases include existing navigation functions. Additionally, special cases
of indoor space are defined: seamlessness between indoor and outdoor transitions, indoor
positioning, and so on.
c) The use cases in this part of ISO 17438 define end users’ requests of indoor data from the central
ITS station for indoor navigation service.
d) Central ITS station collects indoor data server information and provisions the information to P/V
ITS stations.
e) End users are drivers and pedestrians who want to use indoor navigation services via nomadic
devices (e.g. Smart Phones, Personal Navigation Devices) in order to obtain indoor information,
which includes routing information and general/detailed information of specific places.
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ISO 17438-1:2016(E)
End users are drivers and pedestrians
5.1.2 Use case clusters
Use cases are grouped into categories referred to as “use case clusters”. Table 1 contains a list of the
different use case clusters
Table 1 — Use case clusters
No. Title of use case cluster Brief description
1 Indoor navigation service The use cases belonging to this cluster describe six main functions of the
indoor navigation service and special cases for indoor space.
2 Indoor navigation data The use cases belonging to this cluster describe the format of essential data
for indoor navigation; these are indoor map data including emergency situa-
tion information and indoor positioning reference data.
3 Indoor navigation data The use cases belonging to this cluster describe how indoor data provider
registry provides indoor navigation data to P/V ITS stations.
Detailed definitions of each use case are provided in Clause 6.
Figure 3 shows all use case clusters and associated use cases. The arrows and circles indicate the
dependencies and workflow between the use cases.
UC 1: Indoor navigation service cluster
1.2
1.1 1.3 1.4 1.5
Indoor navigation basic low for end
Indoor map Indoor Indoor route Indoor route Indoor POI
user
display positioning planning
guidance search
Positioning & searching destination
Start point
1.6 1.7 1.8
End point
Server-based indoor Server-based indoor Server-based indoor
positioning route planning route guidance
1.11
Downloading indoor data
1.9 1.10
Indoor positioning
Server-based indoor Indoor map data
Indoor map and
reference data
POI search information request
positioning reference data
information request
1.13 1.14
1.12
Indoor positioning Reception of
Indoor map data
Indoor route planning reference data emergency situation
download
download information
Seamless route planning between
indoor and outdoor
UC 2: Indoor navigation data cluster
2.1 2.3
2.2
Indoor map data
Indoor map data update Indoor map data
Indoor route guid
...
DRAFT INTERNATIONAL STANDARD
ISO/DIS 17438-1
ISO/TC 204 Secretariat: ANSI
Voting begins on: Voting terminates on:
2014-09-30 2014-12-30
Intelligent transport systems — Indoor navigation for
personal and vehicle ITS station —
Part 1:
General information and use cases definition
Titre manque
ICS: 35.240.60;03.220.01
THIS DOCUMENT IS A DRAFT CIRCULATED
FOR COMMENT AND APPROVAL. IT IS
THEREFORE SUBJECT TO CHANGE AND MAY
NOT BE REFERRED TO AS AN INTERNATIONAL
STANDARD UNTIL PUBLISHED AS SUCH.
IN ADDITION TO THEIR EVALUATION AS
BEING ACCEPTABLE FOR INDUSTRIAL,
TECHNOLOGICAL, COMMERCIAL AND
USER PURPOSES, DRAFT INTERNATIONAL
STANDARDS MAY ON OCCASION HAVE TO
BE CONSIDERED IN THE LIGHT OF THEIR
POTENTIAL TO BECOME STANDARDS TO
WHICH REFERENCE MAY BE MADE IN
Reference number
NATIONAL REGULATIONS.
ISO/DIS 17438-1:2014(E)
RECIPIENTS OF THIS DRAFT ARE INVITED
TO SUBMIT, WITH THEIR COMMENTS,
NOTIFICATION OF ANY RELEVANT PATENT
RIGHTS OF WHICH THEY ARE AWARE AND TO
©
PROVIDE SUPPORTING DOCUMENTATION. ISO 2014
---------------------- Page: 1 ----------------------
ISO/DIS 17438-1:2014(E)
Copyright notice
This ISO document is a Draft International Standard and is copyright-protected by ISO. Except as
permitted under the applicable laws of the user’s country, neither this ISO draft nor any extract
from it may be reproduced, stored in a retrieval system or transmitted in any form or by any means,
electronic, photocopying, recording or otherwise, without prior written permission being secured.
Requests for permission to reproduce should be addressed to either ISO at the address below or ISO’s
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Reproduction may be subject to royalty payments or a licensing agreement.
Violators may be prosecuted.
ii © ISO 2014 – All rights reserved
---------------------- Page: 2 ----------------------
ISO/DIS 17438-1:2014(E)
Contents Page
Foreword .iv
Introduction .v
1 Scope . 1
2 Normative references . 1
3 Terms, definitions, symbols and abbreviated terms . 1
3.1 Terms and definitions . 1
3.2 Abbreviated terms . 2
4 General information . 3
4.1 Document overview and structure . 3
4.2 Purpose of this standard . 3
4.3 Indoor navigation system architecture . 4
4.4 Relevant standards . 6
5 Use case overview and principles . 6
5.1 Overview . 6
6 Use case definition . 8
6.1 UC 1 Indoor navigation service cluster . 8
6.2 UC 2 Indoor navigation data cluster .13
6.3 UC 3 Indoor navigation data registry cluster .17
7 Requirements .17
7.1 Requirements for indoor map data .18
7.2 Requirements for indoor positioning reference data .19
7.3 Requirements for provisioning of indoor map data and indoor positioning
reference data .19
7.4 Requirements for indoor navigation service .19
Annex A (informative) Benefit Examples .20
Bibliography .21
© ISO 2014 – All rights reserved iii
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ISO/DIS 17438-1:2014(E)
Foreword
ISO (the International Organization for Standardization) is a worldwide federation of national standards
bodies (ISO member bodies). The work of preparing International Standards is normally carried out
through ISO technical committees. Each member body interested in a subject for which a technical
committee has been established has the right to be represented on that committee. International
organizations, governmental and non-governmental, in liaison with ISO, also take part in the work.
ISO collaborates closely with the International Electrotechnical Commission (IEC) on all matters of
electrotechnical standardization.
The procedures used to develop this document and those intended for its further maintenance are
described in the ISO/IEC Directives, Part 1. In particular the different approval criteria needed for the
different types of ISO documents should be noted. This document was drafted in accordance with the
editorial rules of the ISO/IEC Directives, Part 2. www.iso.org/directives
Attention is drawn to the possibility that some of the elements of this document may be the subject of
patent rights. ISO shall not be held responsible for identifying any or all such patent rights. Details of any
patent rights identified during the development of the document will be in the Introduction and/or on
the ISO list of patent declarations received. www.iso.org/patents
Any trade name used in this document is information given for the convenience of users and does not
constitute an endorsement.
For an explanation on the meaning of ISO specific terms and expressions related to conformity
assessment, as well as information about ISO’s adherence to the WTO principles in the Technical Barriers
to Trade (TBT), see the following URL: Foreword - Supplementary information
The committee responsible for this document is ISO/TC 204, Intelligent transport systems.
ISO 17438 consists of the following parts, under the general title Intelligent transport systems — Indoor
navigation for personal and vehicle ITS station:
— Part 1: General information and use cases definition
— Part 2: Requirements and specification for indoor map data format
— Part 3: Requirements and specification for indoor positioning reference data format
— Part 4: P/V and central ITS stations interface requirements and specification for Indoor positioning and
map data
iv © ISO 2014 – All rights reserved
---------------------- Page: 4 ----------------------
ISO/DIS 17438-1:2014(E)
Introduction
This international standard defines requirements and specifications for indoor map data format,
positioning reference data, and Interface between the P/V ITS station and central ITS station for
supporting indoor navigation.
Applications supporting indoor navigation for personal and vehicle ITS stations via nomadic and mobile
device need indoor map data and positioning reference data through the existing ITS station components.
The following standards are subject to analysis in regard to their applicability in supporting indoor
navigation service provision via nomadic and mobile device.
— ISO/TR 10992, Intelligent transport systems — Use of nomadic and portable devices to support ITS
service and multimedia provision in vehicles
— ISO 14825, Intelligent transport systems — Geographic Data Files — Overall Data Specification
— OGC 10-191r1, Requirements and Space-Event Modelling for Indoor Navigation
— OGC 12-019, OGC City Geography Markup Language (CityGML) Encoding Standard
— CEN/TS 00278207, Identification of Fixed Objects for Public Transport
— ISO 24099, Navigation Data Delivery Structures and Protocols
© ISO 2014 – All rights reserved v
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DRAFT INTERNATIONAL STANDARD ISO/DIS 17438-1:2014(E)
Intelligent transport systems — Indoor navigation for
personal and vehicle ITS station —
Part 1:
General information and use cases definition
1 Scope
This part of the standard specifies the indoor navigation system architecture including additional
components that are added to the existing ITS system and use cases in providing indoor navigation to
various types of users including drivers, passengers and pedestrians using personal and vehicle ITS
stations:
— The personal and vehicle ITS station in the role as end user terminal running indoor navigation
functionality,
— Indoor map containing indoor geometry, network topology and POI data reflecting characteristics
of indoor space,
— Indoor positioning reference data containing information of positioning infrastructure; WiFi AP,
RFID Reader, Bluetooth AP etc.,
— Data providers to provision the indoor map or indoor positioning reference data,
— Indoor data registry server to provision the information of indoor data server,
— Indoor positioning functionality in the personal and vehicle ITS station using indoor positioning
reference data,
— Indoor positioning functionality in the central ITS station using indoor positioning reference data,
— Interface between the P/V ITS station and central ITS station to communicate indoor map data and
indoor positioning reference data,
This part of standard includes “General Information” which provides a general overview and structure
about each part of the standard. It also specifies “Use Cases: related to the indoor navigation for personal
and vehicle ITS station.
2 Normative references
The following referenced documents are indispensable for the application of this document. For dated
references, only the edition cited is applied. For undated references, the latest edition of the referenced
document (including any amendments) is applied.
ISO/TR 10992, Intelligent transport systems — Use of nomadic and portable devices to support ITS service
and multimedia provision in vehicles
3 Terms, definitions, symbols and abbreviated terms
3.1 Terms and definitions
For the purposes of this document, the terms and definitions given in ISO/TR 10992 and the following
apply.
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3.1.1
ND
nomadic device
used to connect to the on-board unit and request and display information. Examples of nomadic devices
are PDAs, mobile phones, smart phones, etc
3.1.2
indoor navigation
location based service to guide user to destination using indoor map data and the current location of the
user in indoor space
3.1.3
indoor space
area limited to a building or a structure and not outside
3.1.4
indoor map data
data to present information about indoor space. It includes indoor geometry, network topology, and POI
data
3.1.5
indoor positioning reference data
group of information which can be used to determine a ND or user’s position. Detailed compositions
vary depending on the positioning technologies, such as WiFi, RFID etc
3.1.6
indoor positioning
process of deciding location of P/V ITS station in the indoor space
3.1.7
indoor-outdoor seamless navigation
route guidance service between indoor and outdoor and/or vice versa
3.2 Abbreviated terms
RFID Radio Frequency Identification
ND Nomadic Device
RP Route Planning
RG Route Guidance
TBT Turn By Turn
POI Point Of Interest
GPS Global Positioning System
PND Personal Navigation Device
P/V Personal/Vehicle
XML Extensible Mark-up Language
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4 General information
4.1 Document overview and structure
This standard provides all documents and references required to support the implementation of indoor
navigation. The standard consists of the following documents.
— Part 1: General information and use case definitions
This part provides an overview of the document set and structure along with the use case definitions
and a common set of resources (definitions, references) for all subsequent parts.
— Part 2: Requirements and specification for indoor map data format
This part specifies all technical requirements and a materialized specification for the map exchange
when a P/V ITS station downloads indoor map data from central ITS station.
— Part 3: Requirements and specification for indoor positioning reference data format
This part specifies all technical requirements in regards to the indoor positioning reference data
format which are used to determine locations of P/V stations with reference to the corresponding
indoor map data.
— Part 4: Requirements and specification for interface between P/V and central ITS stations
This part specifies the interface requirements for map and indoor positioning reference data related
to the personal, vehicle and central ITS stations.
Figure 1 depicts the document structure of the “Indoor navigation for P/V ITS stations” document set.
Indoor navigation for personal and vehicle ITS station
Part 3 Part 4
Part 2
Part 1 Requirements and Requirements and
Requirements and
specification for indoor specification for interface
General information and use
specification for indoor map
cases Definition positioning reference data between P/V ITS station and
data formats
format central ITS station
Figure 1 — Document structure
4.2 Purpose of this standard
The main purposes of this standard are to:
a) Identify the requirements for indoor navigation,
b) Identify the usability of existing International Standards for indoor navigation,
c) Identify additional works required to develop the specification of indoor map and indoor positioning
reference data format,
d) Identify additional works required to develop common software interfaces between a P/V ITS
station and a central ITS station.
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4.3 Indoor navigation system architecture
By default, indoor navigation system architecture follows the existing ITS communication architecture
with additional indoor navigation functionality. Therefore, the following four basic components are also
included in the indoor navigation architecture:
— the vehicle subsystem component (Vehicle Station),
— the mobile subsystem component (Personal Station),
— the roadside subsystem component (Roadside Station),
— the central subsystem component (Central Station).
However, in the indoor navigation system architecture, the vehicle station and personal station share
the same functionalities and roles in the aspect of a mobile user. Therefore, in this standard, the two
components will be referred to a combined component called “P/V ITS Station”.
To offer indoor navigation functionality, additional necessary elements are defined as follows.
— the indoor map data
— the indoor positioning reference data
— the indoor map data provider
— the indoor positioning reference data provider with indoor positioning engine
— the indoor data registry server
— the indoor navigation function modules in the personal, vehicle and central ITS stations
— the indoor positioning infrastructure
Figure 2 depicts the indoor navigation system designed for ITS.
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Key
1 P/V ITS Station – Mobile subsystem component and Vehicle subsystem component
2 Central ITS Station – Central subsystem component
3 Roadside ITS Station – Roadside subsystem component
4 Indoor Positioning Infrastructure– Indoor positioning subsystem component
5 Indoor Data Server – Local data server component
6 Indoor Data Registry Server – Management subsystem component for indoor map and indoor positioning
reference data
7 Indoor Map data Provider – Indoor map gathering subsystem component
8 Indoor Positioning Reference data Provider – Indoor positioning reference data gathering subsystem
component
9 Indoor navigation – Function module for indoor navigation
Figure 2 — Indoor navigation architecture
Indoor navigation system consists of four components added to the existing system. The first component
is the indoor data server which generates and provides indoor map data and indoor positioning
reference data for indoor navigation application. Since there are numerous buildings and structures,
providers can construct each indoor map data independently. Hence, each indoor map data would be
placed ubiquitously, whereas these data will be separately managed by the data servers.
The second component is the indoor data registry server in a central ITS station which manages metadata
for indoor map data. When indoor map data are requested by a P/V ITS station, the indoor data registry
server, whose URL is already known to the P/V ITS station, replies to the P/V ITS station with a URL of
an indoor data server managing the requested indoor map data. The P/V ITS station then connects to
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the indoor data server to retrieve the necessary data. The indoor positioning reference data can also be
provided in the same way.
There can be many indoor map data and indoor positioning reference data providers, so standard format
for indoor map data and indoor positioning reference data are required to increase the interoperability
of the constructed indoor map data and indoor positioning reference data.
The third one is indoor positioning infrastructure. There are many indoor positioning methods according
to indoor positioning infrastructure. These infrastructures often play the same role of roadside ITS
station while indoor positioning reference data should have information about the infrastructure,
position, ID, etc.
The last component is the indoor navigation function module in the P/V ITS station. After downloading
indoor map data and indoor positioning reference data, indoor navigation applications display the
indoor map data and inform the user his or her current location in the indoor space. Users may search
for POIs and plan the indoor route with the given destination information. In the case of server based
navigation, indoor navigation function module is also available at the Central ITS station.
4.4 Relevant standards
ISO 14825 Intelligent transport systems — Geographic Data Files — Overall Data Specification specifies
the conceptual and logical data model and physical encoding formats for geographic databases for
Intelligent Transport Systems (ITS) applications and services. Indoor map data format of this standard
will refer to ISO 14825 especially for indoor and outdoor seamless navigation.
OGC IndoorGML is a candidate OGC standard based on prior discussion of OGC 10-191r1 Requirements
and Space-Event Modelling for Indoor Navigation. IndoorGML is an open data model and XML schema for
indoor spatial information. Especially, this model focus on topological relationships between divided
spaces depending on semantic usage. For end user, these relationships are represented in network data
for indoor navigation. Indoor map data of this standard will refer to concept and contents of IndoorGML.
OGC 12-019 OGC City Geography Markup Language (CityGML) Encoding Standard is a common information
model and XML-based encoding for the representation, storage, and exchange of virtual 3D city and
landscape models. LOD4 (Level of Detail 4) of this model handle indoor space. Indoor map data format
of this standard will refer to CityGML.
CEN/TS 00278207 Identification of Fixed Objects for Public Transport is a reference data model describing
access to public transportation. Indoor navigation could be related to public transportation hubs and
facilities (such as doorway, platform, and bus stops). This standard refers to IFOPT model for public
transport features.
ISO 24099 Navigation Data Delivery Structures and Protocols defines the data structures and protocol(s)
used in intelligent transport system (ITS) applications for the delivery and update of map-related data
from Service Centre (SC) to users [(In-vehicle Systems (IVS)]. This standard refers to ISO 24099 for
interface between P/V and central ITS stations.
5 Use case overview and principles
5.1 Overview
5.1.1 Basic principles for use case definition
Basic principles have been established as a guideline to define the use cases:
a) Use cases are categorized by functions of indoor navigation service and indoor data operation.
b) Indoor navigation use cases include existing navigation functions. Additionally, special cases of
indoor space are defined: seamlessness between indoor and outdoor, indoor positioning, and so on.
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c) The use cases in this standard define end user’s request of the indoor data to central ITS station for
indoor navigation service.
d) Central ITS station collects indoor data server information and provisions the information to P/V
ITS station.
e) Actors (end user), of the use cases, including P/V ITS station in this standard, are any customer (e.g.
drivers, pedestrians) who wants to use indoor navigation service via ND (e.g. Smart Phone, Personal
Navigation Device) in order to get the indoor information which include a routing information and
general/detail information of specific place.
5.1.2 Use case clusters
Table 1 provides an overview about the different use case categories. The use cases are grouped into use
case clusters.
Table 1 — Use case clusters
No. Title of use case cluster Brief description
1 Indoor navigation service The use cases belonging to this cluster describe six main functions of
the indoor navigation service and special cases for indoor space.
2 Indoor navigation data The use cases belonging to this cluster describe the format of essential
data for indoor navigation, which are indoor map data including emer-
gency situation information, and indoor positioning reference data.
3 Indoor navigation data registry The use cases belonging to this cluster describe how indoor data pro-
vider provides indoor navigation data to P/V ITS station.
Detailed definitions of each use case are defined in Clause 6.
Figure 3 depicts all use case clusters and associated use cases. The arrows and circles indicate the
dependencies and workflow between the use cases.
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UC 1: Indoor navigation service cluster
1.1 1.2 1.3 1.4 1.5
Indoor navigation basic flow for end
Indoor map Indoor Indoor route Indoor route Indoor POI
user
display positioning planning guidance search
Positioning & searching destination
1.7
Start point 1.6 1.8
End point
Server based indoor Server based indoor Server based indoor
route planning route guidance
positioning
Downloading indoor data
1.10 1.11
1.9
Indoor map data Indoor positioning
Server based indoor
Indoor map and
reference data
POI search information request
positioning referenc e data
information request
1.12 1.13 1.14
Reception of
Indoor map data Indoor positioning
Indoor route planning
download reference data emergency situation
download information
Seamless route planning between
indoor and outdoor
UC 2: Indoor navigation data cluster
2.1 2.2 2.3
Indoor map data Indoor map data update Indoor map data
Indoor route guidance
generation registration
Seamless route guidance between
2.4 2.5 2.6
indoor and outdoor
Indoor map data provision Indoor positioning Indoor positioning
reference data generation reference data update
2.7 2.8 2.9
Arrive at destination
Indoor positioning Indoor positioning Provisioning emergency
reference data registration reference data provision situation information
UC 3: Indoor navigation data registry cluster
3.1
3.2
Indoor data information
Indoor data information
registration and provision
management
Figure 3 — Use case workflow and dependencies
6 Use case definition
6.1 UC 1 Indoor navigation service cluster
6.1.1 UC 1.1 Indoor map display
Table 2 specifies the use case in which P/V ITS station displays indoor map data given binary or XML
form of indoor map data.
Table 2 — Indoor map display
Use case name Indoor map display
Actor P/V ITS station (initiated by user interaction or automatically)
Goal Display indoor map data
Use case input Indoor map data (binary or XML)
Use case output Display the indoor map data on the screen of a P/V ITS Station
Brief description Indoor map data consist of, geometry data for indoor space, network topology and POI.
Map display module shows these indoor map data which can be displayed in 2D or 3D
forms.
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6.1.2 UC 1.2 Indoor positioning
Table 3 specifies the use case in which P/V ITS station determines the user’s location with indoor
positioning reference data and measured value from indoor positioning infrastructure.
Table 3 — Indoor positioning
Use case name Indoor positioning
Actor P/V ITS station (initiated by user interaction or automatically)
Goal Determines the P/V ITS station location
Use case input Indoor positioning reference data and measured value from indoor positioning infrastruc-
ture
Use case output Location of the P/V ITS station
Brief description Given indoor positioning reference data and some additionally measured values of the P/V
ITS station, the P/V station determines the location of the station. The input and output of
this use case is dependent on the positioning technology.
6.1.3 UC 1.3 Indoor route planning
Table 4 specifies the procedure to obtain a list of searched links in network data to find the indoor route
to destination with start point, end points, way point, and route plan option.
Table 4 — Indoor route planning
Use case name Indoor route planning
Actor P/V ITS station (initiated by user interaction or automatically)
Goal Find route from start point to end point
Use case input Start point, end point, way points and route plan option
Use case output List of searched links in network data
Brief description Indoor route planning is the path finding function to the destination. Start point, way
points and end point are set by user. Route plan option depends on the type of the pedes-
trian can be categorized by certain criteria such as disabled/non-disabled person, a use of
wheelchair, a use of stairs or elevator and time constraint.
6.1.4 UC 1.4 Indoor route guidance
Table 5 defines the use case in which P/V station provides guidance information to destination with
route planning result and the current location of the user.
Table 5 — Indoor route guidance
Use case name Indoor route guidance
Actor P/V ITS station (initiated by user interaction or automatically)
Goal Guide the route to user
Use case input Rout
...
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