ISO 27528:2009

Wood-based panels - Determination of resistance to axial withdrawal of screws

ISO 27528:2009 specifies a method for determining the resistance of wood-based panels, of thickness 15 mm and greater, to the withdrawal of screws under axial load. NOTE ISO 27528:2009 establishes fastener holding performance of screws commonly used in applications involving wood-based panels used for building, furniture, cabinet making, joinery or other work in particular regions. Different screws will give different results.

Panneaux à base de bois — Détermination de la résistance à l'arrachement axial des vis

General Information

• Status: Published
• Publication Date: 14-Jul-2009
• ICS: 79.060.01 - Wood-based panels in general
• Technical Committee: ISO/TC 89 - Wood-based panels
• Drafting Committee: ISO/TC 89/WG 5 - Test methods
• Current Stage: 9060 - Close of review
• Completion Date: 04-Mar-2031

Overview

ISO 27528:2009 specifies a laboratory method for measuring the resistance to axial withdrawal of screws from wood-based panels of thickness 15 mm and greater. The standard defines how to prepare test pieces, condition samples, insert screws (face and edge tests), apply an axial load, and record the maximum pull-out force. It establishes fastener holding performance data useful for building, furniture, cabinet making, joinery and other wood-panel applications.

Key topics and technical requirements

• Scope: Tests apply to panels ≥ 15 mm; thinner panels can be laminated to achieve the minimum thickness.
• Test principle: Measure the maximum axial force required to extract a screw from the face or edge of a panel.
• Apparatus:
  • Testing machine with load measurement accuracy of 1%.
  • Grip/stirrup to apply axial load without significant moment.
  • Metal jig to restrain test piece (no restraint closer than 3× screw diameter).
• Test pieces & sampling:
  • Cut and sample according to ISO 16999 and ISO 9424 requirements.
  • Minimum piece size at least 75 mm × 50 mm.
• Conditioning:
  • Standard conditioning at (20 ± 2) °C and (65 ± 5) % RH until constant mass (two weighings 24 h apart within 0.1%).
  • Alternative moisture conditions allowed if reported.
• Screws & pilot holes:
  • Use screws common to the application; report full screw description (size, length, root diameter, thread pitch).
  • Face test: thread embedded (full diameter) to (11 ± 0.5) mm.
  • Edge test: thread embedded to (15 ± 0.5) mm.
  • Pilot hole diameter per manufacturer or next drill size below screw root diameter; record pilot hole details.
• Procedure & measurement:
  • Apply axial load so maximum is reached in (60 ± 30) s.
  • Record maximum load to nearest 10 N.
  • Report separate withdrawal strengths for face and edges and for panel orthogonal directions (unless combinable).
• Test report: Must include lab ID, sampling, panel type/thickness, conditioning, screw details, pilot hole, apparatus, all individual results and any deviations.

Applications and users

ISO 27528:2009 is used by:

• Test laboratories performing panel testing and fastener pull-out/screw withdrawal tests.
• Manufacturers of plywood, MDF, particleboard, OSB and furniture components for quality control and product specification.
• Designers, joiners and engineers selecting fasteners for load-bearing or assembly applications who need empirical fastener holding performance data.
• Standards developers and certification bodies specifying performance criteria.

Related standards

• ISO 16999 (sampling and cutting of test pieces)
• ISO 9424 (dimensions of test pieces)
• ISO 4757 (cross recesses for screws)
• ISO 17064, ISO 2074 (vocabulary for wood-based panels)
• ISO 2768-1 / ISO 286-2 (tolerances referenced for reference screws)

Keywords: ISO 27528:2009, wood-based panels, screw withdrawal resistance, fastener holding performance, panel testing, face withdrawal, edge withdrawal, conditioning, screw pull-out.

Standards Content (Sample)

INTERNATIONAL ISO
STANDARD 27528
First edition
2009-07-15
Wood-based panels — Determination of
resistance to axial withdrawal of screws
Panneaux à base de bois — Détermination de la résistance à
l'arrachement axial des vis
Reference number
©
ISO 2009
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ii © ISO 2009 – All rights reserved

Contents Page
Foreword. iv
1 Scope . 1
2 Normative references . 1
3 Terms and definitions. 1
4 Principle. 1
5 Apparatus . 2
6 Test pieces . 3
6.1 Sampling and cutting . 3
6.2 Dimensions of test pieces . 3
6.3 Conditioning. 3
6.4 Screws . 3
7 Procedure . 3
7.1 Preparation for withdrawal tests . 3
7.2 Positioning of test pieces . 4
7.3 Application of the force. 5
7.4 Measurement of maximum load . 5
8 Expression of results . 5
9 Test report . 5
Annex A (normative) Reference withdrawal screw. 6
Bibliography . 7

Foreword
ISO (the International Organization for Standardization) is a worldwide federation of national standards bodies
(ISO member bodies). The work of preparing International Standards is normally carried out through ISO
technical committees. Each member body interested in a subject for which a technical committee has been
established has the right to be represented on that committee. International organizations, governmental and
non-governmental, in liaison with ISO, also take part in the work. ISO collaborates closely with the
International Electrotechnical Commission (IEC) on all matters of electrotechnical standardization.
International Standards are drafted in accordance with the rules given in the ISO/IEC Directives, Part 2.
The main task of technical committees is to prepare International Standards. Draft International Standards
adopted by the technical committees are circulated to the member bodies for voting. Publication as an
International Standard requires approval by at least 75 % of the member bodies casting a vote.
Attention is drawn to the possibility that some of the elements of this document may be the subject of patent
rights. ISO shall not be held responsible for identifying any or all such patent rights.
ISO 27528 was prepared by Technical Committee ISO/TC 89, Wood-based panels.

iv © ISO 2009 – All rights reserved

INTERNATIONAL STANDARD ISO 27528:2009(E)

Wood-based panels — Determination of resistance to axial
withdrawal of screws
1 Scope
This International Standard specifies a method for determining the resistance of wood-based panels, of
thickness 15 mm and greater, to the withdrawal of screws under axial load.
NOTE This International Standard establishes fastener holding performance of screws commonly used in
applications involving wood-based panels used for building, furniture, cabinet making, joinery or other work in particular
regions. Different screws will give different results.
2 Normative references
The following referenced documents are indispensable for the application of this document. For dated
references, only the edition cited applies. For undated references, the latest edition of the referenced
document (including any amendments) applies.
ISO 286-2, ISO system of limits and fits — Part 2: Tables of standard tolerance grades and limit deviations for
holes and shafts
ISO 2074, Plywood — Vocabulary
ISO 2768-1, General tolerances — Part 1: Tolerances for linear and angular dimensions without individual
tolerance indications
ISO 4757, Cross recesses for screws
ISO 9424, Wood-based panels — Determination of dimensions of test pieces
ISO 16999, Wood-based panels — Sampling and cutting of test pieces
ISO 17064, Wood-based panels — Fibreboard, particleboard and oriented strand board (OSB) — Vocabulary
3 Terms and definitions
For the purposes of this document, the terms and definitions given in ISO 17064 and ISO 2074 apply.
4 Principle
Determination of the maximum axial force required to extract a screw from the face and
...