ISO 9854-1:2023

Thermoplastics pipes for the transport of fluids - Determination of Charpy impact properties - Part 1: General test method

This document specifies two general test methods, Method A and Method B, to be used for the determination of the impact properties of unnotched and notched specimens cut from thermoplastics pipes for the transport of fluids. - Method A: unnotched method, for unnotched specimens cut from thermoplastics pipes for the transport of fluids. - Method B: notched method, for specimens cut from thermoplastics pipes for the transport of fluids, into which a notch has been machined. The use of Method A or Method B is determined by the relevant product standards. This document is not intended as a reference test method for the determination of the impact strength of pipes. ISO 3127, relating to the determination of the impact strength of pipes by means of a falling mass, is the reference test method. However, this document can be used for scientific research, materials testing or the examination of pipe when it is not possible to take measurements in accordance with the reference method. This document can be applied to either isolated batches or continuous production of pipe.

Tubes thermoplastiques pour le transport des fluides — Détermination des caractéristiques au choc Charpy — Partie 1: Méthode générale d'essai

General Information

• Status: Published
• Publication Date: 27-Jun-2023
• ICS: 23.040.20 - Plastics pipes
• Technical Committee: ISO/TC 138/SC 5 - General properties of pipes, fittings and valves of plastic materials and their accessories -- Test methods and basic specifications
• Drafting Committee: ISO/TC 138/SC 5/WG 22 - Thermoplastics pipes for the transport of fluids
• Current Stage: 6060 - International Standard published
• Start Date: 28-Jun-2023
• Due Date: 06-Mar-2023
• Completion Date: 28-Jun-2023

Relations

• Revises: ISO 9854-1:1994 - Thermoplastics pipes for the transport of fluids - Determination of pendulum impact strength by the Charpy method - Part 1: General test method
• Effective Date: 09-Jun-2018

Overview

ISO 9854-1:2023 specifies a general Charpy impact test method for thermoplastics pipes for the transport of fluids. It defines two complementary procedures:

• Method A (unnotched) for unnotched specimens cut from pipes.
• Method B (notched) for specimens into which a notch has been machined.

This part gives the general test method, required apparatus, specimen preparation, conditioning, test procedure and reporting. It is intended for materials testing, scientific research or situations where the reference pipe impact method cannot be used; it is not the primary reference test for pipe impact strength (see ISO 3127).

Keywords: ISO 9854-1:2023, Charpy impact, thermoplastics pipes, impact testing, pendulum impact-testing machine.

Key Topics and Requirements

• Scope: Applies to unnotched and notched Charpy specimens cut from thermoplastic pipes; choice of Method A or B is determined by product standards.
• Apparatus: Pendulum impact-testing machine compliant with ISO 13802; optional temperature control for the pendulum.
  • Method A: impact velocity 3.8 m/s; pendulums with maximum energies of 15 J and 50 J, tapered tip 30° ±1°, tip radius 2.0 mm ±0.5 mm.
  • Method B: impact velocity 2.9 m/s; absorbed energy must be 10–80% of available energy; use highest-energy suitable pendulum.
• Specimen preparation: Follow ISO 2818; surfaces contacting anvils/pendulum must be smooth and burr-free; no chamfering.
• Measurements & accuracy: Micrometres/gauges accurate to 0.02 mm; notch tip measurement requires specialized spindle profile. Temperature measuring accuracy ±0.5 °C.
• Test temperatures: Tests can be carried out at −20 °C, 0 °C or 23 °C, depending on material/size and ISO 9854-2 parameters.
• Applicability: Suitable for isolated batches or continuous production; data comparability depends on specimen dimensions.

Applications and Users

• Manufacturers of thermoplastic piping systems for quality control and production monitoring.
• Independent testing laboratories and certification bodies performing Charpy impact property assessments.
• R&D and materials scientists studying fracture behaviour of thermoplastics.
• Standards committees and product designers referencing appropriate method (A or B) in product standards. Practical uses include comparative material screening, production batch checks, and failure analysis when ISO 3127 testing is not feasible.

Related Standards

• ISO 9854-2 - provides specific test parameters for various pipe materials (complements this document).
• ISO 3127 - reference method for impact strength of pipes (falling mass).
• ISO 13802 - verification of pendulum impact-testing machines.
• ISO 2818 - specimen preparation by machining.

This summary helps engineers, lab managers and procurement specialists locate and apply ISO 9854-1:2023 for Charpy impact testing of thermoplastic pipes.

Standards Content (Sample)

INTERNATIONAL ISO
STANDARD 9854-1
Second edition
2023-06
Thermoplastics pipes for the
transport of fluids — Determination of
Charpy impact properties —
Part 1:
General test method
Tubes thermoplastiques pour le transport des fluides —
Détermination des caractéristiques au choc Charpy —
Partie 1: Méthode générale d'essai
Reference number
© ISO 2023
All rights reserved. Unless otherwise specified, or required in the context of its implementation, no part of this publication may
be reproduced or utilized otherwise in any form or by any means, electronic or mechanical, including photocopying, or posting on
the internet or an intranet, without prior written permission. Permission can be requested from either ISO at the address below
or ISO’s member body in the country of the requester.
ISO copyright office
CP 401 • Ch. de Blandonnet 8
CH-1214 Vernier, Geneva
Phone: [phone]
Email: [e-mail]
Website: www.iso.org
Published in Switzerland
ii
Contents Page
Foreword .iv
Introduction . vi
1 Scope . 1
2 Normative references . 1
3 Terms and definitions . 1
4 Principle . 2
5 Apparatus . 2
5.1 Pendulum impact-testing machine . 2
5.2 Micrometres and gauges . 3
5.3 Ambient equipment . 3
5.4 Temperature measuring equipment . 3
6 Test specimen . 3
6.1 Preparation . 3
6.2 Cutting and dimensions . 4
6.2.1 Method A . . 4
6.2.2 Method B . . 6
6.3 Number . 9
7 Conditioning . 9
8 Procedure .10
8.1 General . 10
8.2 Method A . 10
8.3 Method B . 10
9 Expression of results .11
9.1 Method A . 11
9.2 Method B . 11
9.3 Types of failure . 11
10 Test report .11
iii
Foreword
ISO (the International Organization for Standardization) is a worldwide federation of national standards
bodies (ISO member bodies). The work of preparing International Standards is normally carried out
through ISO technical committees. Each member body interested in a subject for which a technical
committee has been established has the right to be represented on that committee. International
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ISO collaborates closely with the International Electrotechnical Commission (IEC) on all matters of
electrotechnical standardization.
The procedures used to develop this document and those intended for its further maintenance are
described in the ISO/IEC Directives, Part 1. In particular, the different approval criteria needed for the
different types of ISO documents should be noted. This document was drafted in accordance with the
editorial rules of the ISO/IEC Directives, Part 2 (see www.iso.org/directives).
Attention is drawn to the possibility that some of the elements of this document may be the subject of
patent rights. ISO shall not be held responsible for identifying any or all such patent rights. Details of
any patent rights identified during the development of the document will be in the Introduction and/or
on the ISO list of patent declarations received (see www.iso.org/patents).
Any trade name used in this document is information given for the convenience of users and does not
constitute an endorsement.
For an explanation of the voluntary nature of standards, the meaning of ISO specific terms and
expressions related to conformity assessment, as well as information about ISO's adherence to
the World Trade Organization (WTO) principles in the Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT), see
www.iso.org/iso/foreword.html.
This document was prepared by Technical Committee ISO/TC 138, Plastics pipes, fittings and valves
for the transport of fluid, Subcommittee SC 5, General properties of pipes, fittings and valves of plastic
materials and their accessories — Test methods and basic specifications.
This second edition cancels and replaces the first edition (ISO 9854-1:1994), which has been technically
revised.
The main changes are as follows:
— the title has been revised;
— in the Scope, Method A has been modified and Method B has been added;
— in Clause 2, ISO 3126 and ISO 13802 have been added;
— in Clause 3, terms and definitions have been added;
— in Clause 4, the principle has been reworded;
— subclause 5.1 has been revised to suit notched specimens;
— subclause 5.2 has been added, specifying the micrometres and gauges for measuring the dimensions
of specimens;
— subclause 5.4 has been added, specifying the use of temperature measuring equipment;
— Figure 3 has been modified, extending the support area to stabilize bigger specimens;
— notched specimens have been added in Table 1;
— subclause 6.2.1 has been revised, giving a method of unnotched specimens preparation;
— subclause 6.2.2 has been added to cover the case of notched specimens;
iv
— Figure 4, Figure 5, Figure 6, Figure 7 and Figure 8 have been added;
— Clause 7 has been revised, specifying the period of time prior to testing after the production of the
pipe and the requirements of liquid bath and air bath;
— subclause 8.1 has been added, giving the procedure for the test for notched and unnotched specimens;
— subclause 9.2 has been added, giving the expression of results of notched specimens;
— in Clause 10, point j) has been revised, giving the type(s) of failure observed and the number and the
percentage of each type of failure;
— in Clause 10, point k) has been added, covering the case of notched specimens.
A list of all parts in the ISO 9854 series can be found on the ISO website.
Any feedback or questions on this document should be directed to the user’s national standards body. A
complete listing of these bodies can be found at www.iso.org/members.html.
v
Introduction
This document specifies the general method for determining the impact properties of thermoplastics
pipes.
The test can be carried out at –20 °C, 0 °C or 23 °C, depending on the pipe material and/or size. For
the test parameters (i.e. impact energy, specimen dimensions and type of specimen) to be used to
determine the pendulum impact strength of pipes, the specifications for specific materials are given in
ISO 9854-2, as appropriate.
Data obtained from specimens of different dimensions are not directly comparable.
At present, the ISO 9854 series comprises two parts:
— ISO 9854-1 (this document) gives the general test method under which the impact properties of
thermoplastics pipes are to be determined;
— ISO 9854-2 provides specific test parameters to be used to determine the pendulum impact
properties of pipes of various materials.
vi
INTERNATIONAL STANDARD ISO 9854-1:2023(E)
Thermoplastics pipes for the transport of fluids —
Determination of Charpy impact properties —
Part 1:
General test method
1 Scope
This document specifies two general test methods, Method A and Method B, to be used for the
determination of the impact properties of unnotched and notched specimens cut from thermoplastics
pipes for the transport of fluids.
— Method A: unnotched method, for unnotched specimens cut from thermoplastics pipes for the
transport of fluids.
— Method B: notched method, for specimens cut from thermoplastics pipes for the transport of fluids,
into which a notch has been machined.
The use of Method A or Method B is determined by the relevant product standards.
This document is not intended as a reference test method for the determination of the impact strength
of pipes. ISO 3127, relating to the determination of the impact strength of pipes by means of a falling
mass, is the reference test method. However, this document can be used for scientific research, materials
testing or the examination of pipe when it is not possible to take measurements in accordance with the
reference method.
This document can be applied to either isolated batches or continuous production of pipe.
2 Normative references
The following documents are referred to in the text in such a way that some or all of their content
constitutes requirements of this document. For dated references, only the edition cited applies. For
undated references, the latest edition of the referenced document (including any amendments) applies.
ISO 179-1, Plastics — Determination of Charpy impact properties — Part 1: Non‑instrumented impact test
ISO 2818, Plastics — Preparation of test specimens by machining
ISO 3126, Plastics piping systems — Plastics components — Determination of dimensions
1)
ISO 9854-2:—, Thermoplastics pipes for the transport of fluids — Determination of Charpy impact
properties — Part 2: Test conditions for pipes of various materials
ISO 13802, Plastics — Verification of pendulum impact‑testing machines — Charpy, Izod and tensile
impact‑testing
3 Terms and definitions
For the purposes of this document, the terms and definitions given in ISO 179-1 and the following apply.
1) Under preparation. Stage at the time of ISO/FDIS 9854-2:2023.
ISO and IEC maintain terminology databases for use in standardization at the following addresses:
— ISO Online browsing platform: available at https:// www .iso .org/ obp
— IEC Electropedia: available at https:// www .electropedia .org/
3.1
Charpy impact strength of notched specimens
a
cN
impact energy absorbed in breaking a notched specimen, referring to the original cross–sectional area
of the specimen at the notch
Note 1 to entry: Within this document, this is expressed in kJ/m .
3.2
nominal outside diameter
d
n
specified outside diameter, assigned to a nominal size DN/OD
Note 1 to entry: Within this document, this is expressed in mm.
3.3
nominal wall thickness
e
n
numerical designation of the wall thickness of a component, which is a convenient round number,
approximately equal to the manufacturing dimension
Note 1 to entry: Within this document, this is expressed in mm.
3.4
remaining thickness
h
N
thickness at the notch tip of test pieces which have been notched
Note 1 to entry: Within this document, this is expressed in mm.
4 Principle
A short length of pipe, or a strip specimen machined therefrom, is conditioned at a selected temperature,
T , and then supported near its ends as a horizontal beam. The specimen is impacted by a single blow of
c
a striker at a high, nominally constant, velocity, with the line of impact midway between the supports.
In the case of edgewise/flatwise impact with notched specimens, the line of impact is directly opposite
the notch.
5 Apparatus
5.1 Pendulum impact-testing machine
5.1.1 The principles, characteristics and verification of a suitable pendulum impact-testing machine
shall conform to ISO 13802.
5.1.2 When applicable, the pendulum impact-testing machine may consist of a temperature control
device capable of maintaining test temperature as specified.
5.1.3 The pendulum impact-testing machine shall have the following characteristics for Methods A
and B, respectively:
a) Method A
1) Velocity at impact: 3,8 m/s.
2) Pendulums providing maximum impact energies of 15 J and 50 J respectively, with a tapered
tip of 30° ± 1° and a tip radi
...