ISO/TR 13184-1:2013
(Main)Intelligent transport systems (ITS) — Guidance protocol via personal ITS station for advisory safety systems — Part 1: General information and use case definitions
Intelligent transport systems (ITS) — Guidance protocol via personal ITS station for advisory safety systems — Part 1: General information and use case definitions
ISO/TR 13184-1:2013 specifies guidance information protocol to provide real-time decision support system to drivers or pedestrians using personal ITS stations: a) Reference architecture for real-time decision support systems This reference architecture provides a general structure for real-time decision support systems and the method of message exchange between the personal ITS station and the roadside ITS station. This reference architecture is used to build the interconnections between personal ITS stations and roadside ITS stations. b) Design method of application protocols for light-weighted devices This method is a flexible application protocol for safety warning and parking guidance services. Unlike many other application protocols in the ITS and Telematics domains, this protocol makes the client part independent of use cases for supporting light-weighted devices. c) Use cases at the road and parking bays for warning and parking guide ISO/TR 13184-1:2013 describes the use cases applicable to the communication services between personal ITS stations and roadside ITS stations for the purposes of providing safety warning and parking guidance.
Systèmes intelligents de transport — Protocole d'orientation par station ITS personnelle pour systèmes à avis de sécurité — Partie 1: Information générale et définition des cas d'usage
General Information
Standards Content (Sample)
TECHNICAL ISO/TR
REPORT 13184-1
First edition
2013-04-01
Intelligent transport systems —
Guidance protocol via personal ITS
station for advisory safety systems —
Part 1:
General information and use case
definitions
Systèmes intelligents de transport — Protocole d’orientation par
station ITS personnelle pour systèmes à avis de sécurité —
Partie 1: Information générale et définition des cas d’usage
Reference number
ISO/TR 13184-1:2013(E)
©
ISO 2013
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ISO/TR 13184-1:2013(E)
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ISO/TR 13184-1:2013(E)
Contents Page
Foreword .iv
Introduction .v
1 Scope . 1
2 Normative references . 1
3 Terms, definitions, symbols and abbreviated terms . 1
3.1 Terms and definitions . 1
3.2 Abbreviated terms . 2
4 Conventions . 3
5 Series overview and structure . 3
6 General information . 3
6.1 Purpose of this part of ISO 13184 . 3
6.2 Relevant standards . 4
6.3 Overview of crossroads safety warning guidance . 4
6.4 Overview of risky environment alarm . 5
6.5 Overview of parking bay guidance . 6
7 Use case overview and principles . 7
7.1 Overview . 7
8 Use case definition .10
8.1 Overview .10
8.2 UC cluster 1 — Crossroads with a traffic signal .10
8.3 UC cluster 2 — Crossroads without a traffic signal .15
8.4 UC cluster 3 — Risky environment alarm .16
8.5 UC cluster 4 — Parking bay guidance .22
Bibliography .25
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ISO/TR 13184-1:2013(E)
Foreword
ISO (the International Organization for Standardization) is a worldwide federation of national standards
bodies (ISO member bodies). The work of preparing International Standards is normally carried out
through ISO technical committees. Each member body interested in a subject for which a technical
committee has been established has the right to be represented on that committee. International
organizations, governmental and non-governmental, in liaison with ISO, also take part in the work.
ISO collaborates closely with the International Electrotechnical Commission (IEC) on all matters of
electrotechnical standardization.
The procedures used to develop this document and those intended for its further maintenance are
described in the ISO/IEC Directives, Part 1. In particular the different approval criteria needed for the
different types of ISO documents should be noted. This document was drafted in accordance with the
editorial rules of the ISO/IEC Directives, Part 2. www.iso.org/directives
Attention is drawn to the possibility that some of the elements of this document may be the subject of
patent rights. ISO shall not be held responsible for identifying any or all such patent rights. Details of any
patent rights identified during the development of the document will be in the Introduction and/or on
the ISO list of patent declarations received. www.iso.org/patents
Any trade name used in this document is information given for the convenience of users and does not
constitute an endorsement.
The committee responsible for this document is ISO/TC 204, Intelligent transport systems.
ISO 13184 consists of the following parts, under the general title Intelligent transport systems — Guidance
protocol via personal ITS station for advisory safety systems:
— Part 1: General information and use cases definitions
The following parts are under preparation:
— Part 2: Road guidance protocol (RGP) requirements and specification
— Part 3: Protocol conformance test cases
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ISO/TR 13184-1:2013(E)
Introduction
This part of ISO 13184 specifies the requirements of a real-time decision support system for guidance
information, designed to enhance mobility and vehicle safety and to provide a parking guide service
using personal ITS stations. The purpose of the system is to transmit guidance or warning messages to
drivers and pedestrians in real time, enhance the user’s convenience, and avoid congestion in parking
facilities by preventing accidents and enabling easy parking.
In addition, an application level guidance protocol for crossroads, safety warning and parking bay
guidance services between roadside ITS stations, installed at the road side, and user’s personal ITS
stations, is defined.
This part of ISO 13184 considers a protocol, which covers all subjects related to traffic safety, including
pedestrians and vehicle drivers. Therefore, this protocol describes how the safety-related services are
provided using personal ITS stations.
This system is based on the following assumptions:
— Personal ITS stations have limited resources. Therefore, the protocol is designed in such way that it
can be implemented with limited resources.
— The use cases related to the safety warning and parking bay guidance services can be classified
in various ways. Also, these use cases can be enabled or disabled depending on the specific
circumstances of roads and parking bays. Therefore, the protocol is designed to be flexible and
extendable, which enables to add or delete use cases conveniently.
— The protocol contains core data elements to configure the messages transmitted by personal ITS
stations and roadside ITS stations. The major use case includes safety warning at the road and the
parking bay guidance.
— The protocol provided by this part of ISO 13184 does not take the network or transport level protocol
into account. Instead, only the application level protocol for the safety warning and parking bay
guidance services are presented.
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TECHNICAL REPORT ISO/TR 13184-1:2013(E)
Intelligent transport systems — Guidance protocol via
personal ITS station for advisory safety systems —
Part 1:
General information and use case definitions
1 Scope
This part of ISO 13184 specifies guidance information protocol to provide real-time decision support
system to drivers or pedestrians using personal ITS stations:
Reference architecture for the real-time decision support system
This reference architecture provides a general structure for real-time decision support systems and
the method of message exchange between the personal ITS station and the roadside ITS station.
This reference architecture is used to build the interconnections between personal ITS stations and
roadside ITS stations.
Design method of application protocols for light-weighted devices
This method is a flexible application protocol for safety warning and parking guidance services.
Unlike many other application protocols in the ITS and Telematics domains, this protocol makes the
client part independent of use cases for supporting light-weighted devices.
Use cases at the road and parking bays for warning and parking guide
This part of ISO 13184 describes the use cases applicable to the communication services between
personal ITS stations and roadside ITS stations for the purposes of providing safety warning and
parking guidance.
2 Normative references
The following referenced documents are indispensable for the application of this document. For dated
references, only the edition cited applies. For undated references, the latest edition of the referenced
document (including any amendments) applies.
ISO 21217, Intelligent transport systems — Communications access for land mobiles (CALM) — Architecture
3 Terms, definitions, symbols and abbreviated terms
3.1 Terms and definitions
For the purposes of this document, the terms and definitions given in ISO°21217 and the following apply.
3.1.1
document type definition
DTD
set of mark-up declarations that define a document type of SGML-family Mark-up languages (SGML,
XML, HTML)
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ISO/TR 13184-1:2013(E)
3.1.2
roadside ITS station
R-ITS-S
system that receives and processes vehicular and pedestrian information within a certain zone and
determines the situation, in order to provide the safety warning and parking guide service to vehicles
and pedestrians, and that is installed at the road side
3.1.3
ITS station
ITS-S
entity in a communication network, comprised of application, facilities, networking and access layer
components specified in ISO°21217 that operate within a bounded secure management domain
3.1.4
light-weighted devices
client device such as a nomadic or mobile device
Note 1 to entry: In the ITS nomenclature, this is a P-ITS-S.
3.1.5
personal ITS station
P-ITS-S
implementation of an ITS station in a personal ITS subsystem
Note 1 to entry: Personal ITS station is used to send the information of each user (drivers and pedestrians) to the
roadside ITS station, and receives the safety warning and parking guide service and transfers them to the users.
3.1.6
sensor
device designed to collect general information (e.g. road surface state, potential hazard vehicle’s speed)
within the server’s zone
3.2 Abbreviated terms
RGP road guidance protocol
DSRC dedicated short range communications
DTD document type definition
HTML hypertext mark-up language
ITS-S intelligent transport systems station
P-ITS-S personal intelligent transport systems station
OSI open systems interconnection
R-ITS-S roadside intelligent transport systems station
RSE roadside equipment
OBE on-board equipment
SGML standard generalized mark-up language
XML eXtended mark-up language
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ISO/TR 13184-1:2013(E)
4 Conventions
This part of ISO 13184 is based on the conventions discussed in the OSI Service Conventions
(ISO/IEC 10731:1994) as they apply for communication services. The ASN.1-based Road Guidance
Protocol (RGP) is applicable to OSI layers 5, 6 and 7.
5 Series overview and structure
ISO 13184 provides all documents and references required to support the implementation of the
requirements related to standardized access to guidance via personal ITS station for advisory safety
systems. ISO 13184 consists of the following parts.
Part 1: General information and use case definition
Part 1 provides an overview of the document set and structure along with the use case definition
and common set of resources (definitions, references), which are used for all subsequent parts.
Part 2: Road guidance protocol (RGP) requirements and specification
Part 2 specifies all technical requirements related to the application level Road Guidance Protocol
(RGP) to be used between the personal ITS station and the roadside ITS station. The requirements
will reflect the deriving needs from the use cases as specified in this part of the technical report.
[2]
The protocol shall be defined according to the requirements as specified in ISO 14817 .
Part 3: Protocol conformance test cases
Part 3 specifies conformance test cases for a self-conformance test by the provider of the personal
ITS station and the roadside ITS station. The conformance test cases will follow the use cases
defined in part 1 as well as the requirements stated in Part 2.
The purpose of Part 3 is to provide the test procedure of the information flow between the personal
ITS station and the roadside ITS station. The information is transferred only from the corresponding
roadside ITS station to the personal ITS stations, where the personal ITS station locates within the
communication range of the corresponding local sever. This final step in the development process
enables to verify the system for all providers that their personal ITS station and/or the roadside ITS
stations meet a high degree of functional requirements expected by the end user.
Figure 1 shows the structure of the ISO 13184 series.
Guidance protocol via nomadic device for advisory safety systems
Part 3
Part 1
Part 2
General information and use Protocol conformance test
Protocol requirements
cases de
inition cases
Figure 1 — ISO 13184 series structure
6 General information
6.1 Purpose of this part of ISO 13184
This part of ISO 13184 addresses three major areas:
— identification of the requirements of application level protocol for safety warning and parking
guidance services, that can be frequently inserted, modified and deleted;
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ISO/TR 13184-1:2013(E)
— identification of the method to describe the communication protocol for all subjects related to traffic
safety, including warnings and the parking bay guidance services between the roadside ITS station
and the personal ITS station;
— specification of the major use cases, that should be included for the advance warning of accidents at
crossroads and the parking bay guidance.
6.2 Relevant standards
Application level protocols for ITS define some important applications, their services and message
transmission sequences. These predefined applications are generally called use cases. The services and
message sequences of an ITS application protocol are fixed and applications should implement a rigid-
formatted message set and message sequences for each use case.
[5] [6]
SAE J2735 and EN 12795 define the interoperability among DSRC applications through the use of
standardized message sets, data frames and data elements.
These standards provide the message sets, data frames and data elements (if applicable) to produce
interoperable DSRC applications between Roadside Equipment (RSE) and On-Board Equipment (OBE).
ISO 13184-2 proposes an ASN.1-based flexible application Road Guidance Protocol (RGP) via R-ITS-S and
P-ITS-S for safety warning and parking guidance services.
6.3 Overview of crossroads safety warning guidance
Table 2 shows an overview of crossroads safety warning guidance.
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ISO/TR 13184-1:2013(E)
Key
1 P-ITS-S used by pedestrians and inside vehicle (connected to V-ITS-SG via Bluetooth)
2 V-ITS-SG connected to V-ITS-S
3 V-ITS-S
4 R-ITS-S
5 UC 1.1 — Vehicle violates a stop signal without stopping
6 UC 1.2 — Vehicle violates traffic signal and is inside the crossroads
7 UC 1.3 — Guiding the pedestrian on a pedestrian crossing
8 UC 1.4 — Pedestrians violate the traffic signal on a pedestrian crossing
9 UC 1.5 — Traffic is bumper to bumper on the crossroads
Figure 2 — Overview of crossroads safety warning guidance
6.4 Overview of risky environment alarm
Table 3 shows an overview of risky environment alarm.
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ISO/TR 13184-1:2013(E)
Key
1 P-ITS-S used by pedestrians and inside vehicle (connected to V-ITS-SG via Bluetooth)
2 V-ITS-SG connected to V-ITS-S
3 V-ITS-S
4 R-ITS-S
5 UC 3.1 — Vehicle strays into the path of an oncoming vehicle; UC 3.2 — Vehicle approaches the curved road
with overspeed
6 UC 3.3 — Risky environments alarm in severe weather condition
7 UC 3.4 — Risky environments alarm in the areas of speed limit enforcement
8 UC 3.5 — Vehicle approaches a temporary road occupation
9 UC 3.6 — Emergency vehicle approaches on its route
Figure 3 — Overview of risky environment alarm
6.5 Overview of parking bay guidance
Table 4 shows an overview of the parking bay guidance.
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ISO/TR 13184-1:2013(E)
Key
1 P-ITS-S used by pedestrians and inside vehicle (connected to V-ITS-SG via Bluetooth)
2 V-ITS-SG connected to V-ITS-S
3 V-ITS-S
4 R-ITS-S
5 parking area
6 parking bay
7 parked vehicle
8 vehicle blocks parked vehicles and driveway
9 UC 4.1 — Parking guidance when the vehicle enters the parking area
10 UC 4.2 — Searching the path and parking bay on demand
Figure 4 — Overview of parking bay guidance
7 Use case overview and principles
7.1 Overview
7.1.1 Basic principles for use case definition
Basic principles have been established as a guideline to define the use cases:
— The use cases of guidance protocol to support the advisory safety systems describe the interaction
between the personal ITS station and the roadside ITS station.
— The use cases in this part of ISO 13184 define sample cases to guide or give warnings required to support
advisory safety systems for drivers and pedestrians, which are applicable for any personal ITS station.
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ISO/TR 13184-1:2013(E)
7.1.2 Use case clusters
Table 1 provides an overview about the different use case categories. The use cases are grouped into use
case clusters.
Table 1 — Use case clusters and associated use cases overview
# – Title of Brief description
use case clus-
ter
1 – Crossroads This cluster is separated into five use cases by taking the signal violating vehicle as
with a traffic a risk factor. The driver of a vehicle at a crossroads is required to follow the traffic
signal signals. The use cases presented in this cluster are designed to provide services for
crossroads traffic control while complying with the signalling system and protecting
pedestrians on a pedestrian crossing.
— UC 1.1 — Vehicle violates a stop signal without stopping
— UC 1.2 — Vehicle violates traffic signal and is inside the crossroads
— UC 1.3 — Guiding the pedestrian on a pedestrian crossing
— UC 1.4 — Pedestrians violate the traffic signal on a pedestrian crossing
— UC 1.5 — Traffic is bumper to bumper on the crossroads
2 – Crossroads This cluster considers the scenario that the crossroad is not equipped with a traffic
without a traf- signal, which may cause a traffic congestion if several vehicles enter into the cross-
fic signal roads simultaneously.
— UC 2.1 — Prevent heavy traffic congestion at crossroads
This use case is designed to provide smooth traffic flow by preventing heavy traffic
congestion or reducing waiting time.
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Table 1 (continued)
# – Title of Brief description
use case clus-
ter
3 – Risky envi- This cluster describes two use cases that consider the frequent accidents area at the
ronment alarm curved road.
— UC 3.1 — Vehicle strays into the path of an oncoming vehicle
— UC 3.2 — Vehicle approaches the curved road with overspeed
The cluster considers the oncoming vehicle and speed limit regulation. The use cases
focus on reducing and preventing the accident which can be caused by the geometric
structure of the road.
The following two use cases consider the speed limit of the vehicles with some spe-
cial cases that contain school zones and severe weather conditions.
— UC 3.3 — Risky environments alarm in severe weather condition
— UC 3.4 — Risky environments alarm in the areas of speed limit enforcement
The use cases help safe driving by informing of the presence of the school zone and
the severe weather condition.
The following two use cases consider temporary road occupation scenarios and the
situation of an emergency vehicle to establish a clear path.
— UC 3.5 — Vehicle approaches a temporary road occupation
This use case addresses the situation when a vehicle approaches a temporary road
occupation such as the road construction, accident/disabled vehicles or obstacles on
the road. By informing the status of temporary road occupation, the road congestion
will be prevented.
— UC 3.6 — Emergency vehicle approaches on its route
This use case addresses the situation when an emergency vehicle is moving to
establish a clear path. This cluster handles the safety messaging procedure when an
emergency vehicle is approaching. By announcing the emergency vehicle approaching
information, an emergency vehicle can have a clear path.
4 – Parking bay This cluster describes two use cases for the parking guide.
guidance
— UC 4.1 — Parking guidance when the vehicle enters the parking area
— UC 4.2 — Searching the path and parking bay on demand
The parking path guide in the parking bay use case refers to simple transmission of
the path to the user’s personal ITS station, not to the vehicle navigation system.
When a vehicle enters the parking bay, it is difficult for the vehicle driver to check
how many parking bays are available at which spot. Therefore, if the parking bay is
full or if a parking bay is available but cannot be identified conveniently, the driver
will waste time to park the vehicle or even be unable to find a parking bay for the
vehicle. In addition, the driver may not be able to park the vehicle at the convenient
spot.
The detailed definition of each use case is defined in Clause 8.
Figure 5 shows the use case clusters and associated use cases.
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ISO/TR 13184-1:2013(E)
Use case clusters and associated use cases overview
Cluster 1 – Crossroads Cluster 2 – Crossroads Cluster 3 – Risky Cluster 4 – Parking bay
with a traf
ic signal without a traf
ic signal environment alarm guidance
UC 1.1 – Vehicle violates a UC 2.1 – Prevent heavy UC 3.1 – Vehicle strays into UC 4.1 – Parking guidance
stop signal without traf
ic congestion in the path of an oncoming when the vehicle enters
stopping crossroads vehicle the parking area
UC 1.2 – Vehicle violated a UC 3.2 – Vehicle
stop signal and is inside approaches the curved UC 4.2 – Searching the
path and parking bay on
the crossroads road with excessive speed
demand
UC 1.3 – Guiding the
UC 3.3 – Risky
pedestrian on a pedestrian
environments alarm in
crossing
severe weather condition
UC 1.4 – Pedestrians
UC 3.4 – Risky
violate the stop signal on a
environments alarm in the
pedestrian crossing
areas of speed limit
enforcement
UC 1.5 – Traf
ic is bumper
to bumper on the
UC 3.5 – Vehicle
crossroads
approaches a temporary
road occupation
UC 3.6 – Emergency
vehicle approaches on his
route
Figure 5 — Use case clusters and associated use cases
8 Use case definition
8.1 Overview
This clause describes the major use cases at the crossroads, frequent accidents and parking bay areas.
The use cases at the crossroads are classified by the existence of a traffic signal. The use cases at the
parking bay are classified as two cases where one case is that an available parking bay is notified
only once a vehicle enters into the parking area, and the other case is that the parking bay guidance is
provided on demand as the traffic flow in the given parking bay changes while a vehicle is being parked.
Use cases for areas of frequent accidents are:
— risky environment alarm in the curved road,
— environment alarm in the speed limit area,
— temporary road occupation, and
— emergency vehicle approaching.
8.2 UC cluster 1 — Crossroads with a traffic signal
8.2.1 UC 1.1 — Vehicle violates a stop signal without stopping
This use case describes the safety guidance procedure when a vehicle violates a stop (red light) signal
at the crossroads.
Table 2 describes the UC 1.1 — Vehicle violates a stop signal without stopping (enters into the crossroads).
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ISO/TR 13184-1:2013(E)
Table 2 — UC 1.1 — Vehicle violates a stop signal without stopping
Use case name UC 1.1 — Vehicle violates a stop signal without stopping
Goal Provide a “collision” notification/indication to the drivers of vehicles and pedestri-
ans at a crossroads in case another vehicle is not able to stop at the line when violat-
ing the stop signal (red light).
Actor R-ITS-S, P-ITS-S
Use case input The following input signals need to be considered:
— A vehicle approaches the crossroads;
— A forecast calculation, that the vehicle could potentially cross the stop line if
the stop signal (red light) is overlooked by the driver;
— If the vehicle is able to stop at the line.
Use case output The following output signals need to be considered:
— The R-ITS-S broadcasts an alarm signal/sound at the crossing;
— The R-ITS-S broadcasts a “collision” notification/indication;
— All P-ITS-S receive the “collision” notification/indication;
— The R-ITS-S broadcasts a “release” indication if the vehicle was able to stop
at the line.
Brief descrip- When a vehicle enters a crossroads and cannot stop at the line due to the long brak-
tion ing distance and velocity of the vehicle, a “collision” notification/indication is sent
to all vehicles (P-ITS-S) and pedestrians at the same crossroads. Conversely, if the
vehicle is able to stop on the line, a “release” notification/indication is broadcasted
to all P-ITS-S.
Classification Mandatory
8.2.2 UC 1.2 — Vehicle violated traffic signal and is inside the crossroads
This use case describes the handling procedure for when a vehicle violates the stop signal (red light) and
locates (comes to a stillstand) inside the crossroads. This situation is similar to the use case described in
8.2.1. However, unlike 8.2.1, this use case considers the handling procedure when a vehicle has already
violated the traffic signal (red light) and stops after the stop line inside the crossroads.
Table 3 describes the UC 1.2 — Vehicle violated traffic signal and is inside the crossroads (came to
...
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