ISO/TS 27469:2010
(Main)Petroleum, petrochemical and natural gas industries - Method of test for fire dampers
Petroleum, petrochemical and natural gas industries - Method of test for fire dampers
ISO/TS 27469:2010 specifies a method for determining the following: ability of fire dampers installed in ventilation systems to prevent the spread of fire and heat through designated fire divisions; typical ratings are given in ISO 13702:1999, Table C.5. fire damper operational reliability in the petroleum, petrochemical and natural gas industries, particularly offshore installations; ability of fire dampers installed in ventilation systems to withstand blast overpressures that may result from the explosion of a flammable gas. ISO/TS 27469:2010 applies to different start-up operations for different types of furnace and, therefore, tolerances in test conditions at the beginning of the test are not described in detail. The fire test enables only a limited assessment of the actuating mechanism being carried out and additional tests can be necessary to fully evaluate its operational reliability.
Industries du pétrole, de la pétrochimie et du gaz naturel — Méthode d'essai des clapets coupe-feu
General Information
Standards Content (Sample)
TECHNICAL ISO/TS
SPECIFICATION 27469
First edition
2010-02-01
Petroleum, petrochemical and natural gas
industries — Method of test for fire
dampers
Industries du pétrole, de la pétrochimie et du gaz naturel — Méthode
d'essai des clapets coupe-feu
Reference number
ISO/TS 27469:2010(E)
©
ISO 2010
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ISO/TS 27469:2010(E)
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ii © ISO 2010 – All rights reserved
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ISO/TS 27469:2010(E)
Contents Page
Foreword .iv
Introduction.v
1 Scope.1
2 Normative references.1
3 Terms and definitions .2
4 Testing.3
5 Blast pressure.13
Bibliography.17
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ISO/TS 27469:2010(E)
Foreword
ISO (the International Organization for Standardization) is a worldwide federation of national standards bodies
(ISO member bodies). The work of preparing International Standards is normally carried out through ISO
technical committees. Each member body interested in a subject for which a technical committee has been
established has the right to be represented on that committee. International organizations, governmental and
non-governmental, in liaison with ISO, also take part in the work. ISO collaborates closely with the
International Electrotechnical Commission (IEC) on all matters of electrotechnical standardization.
International Standards are drafted in accordance with the rules given in the ISO/IEC Directives, Part 2.
The main task of technical committees is to prepare International Standards. Draft International Standards
adopted by the technical committees are circulated to the member bodies for voting. Publication as an
International Standard requires approval by at least 75 % of the member bodies casting a vote.
In other circumstances, particularly when there is an urgent market requirement for such documents, a
technical committee may decide to publish other types of document:
⎯ an ISO Publicly Available Specification (ISO/PAS) represents an agreement between technical experts in
an ISO working group and is accepted for publication if it is approved by more than 50 % of the members
of the parent committee casting a vote;
⎯ an ISO Technical Specification (ISO/TS) represents an agreement between the members of a technical
committee and is accepted for publication if it is approved by 2/3 of the members of the committee casting
a vote.
An ISO/PAS or ISO/TS is reviewed after three years in order to decide whether it will be confirmed for a
further three years, revised to become an International Standard, or withdrawn. If the ISO/PAS or ISO/TS is
confirmed, it is reviewed again after a further three years, at which time it must either be transformed into an
International Standard or be withdrawn.
Attention is drawn to the possibility that some of the elements of this document may be the subject of patent
rights. ISO shall not be held responsible for identifying any or all such patent rights.
ISO/TS 27469 was prepared by Technical Committee ISO/TC 67, Materials, equipment and offshore
structures for petroleum, petrochemical and natural gas industries, Subcommittee SC 6, Processing
equipment and systems.
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ISO/TS 27469:2010(E)
Introduction
The purpose of this International Technical Specification is to enable evaluation of the ability of a fire damper
installation to maintain the integrity of fire rated barriers. Typical fire barrier ratings are given in
ISO 13702:1999, Table C.5.
The following performance criteria are evaluated by this Technical Specification:
a) fire integrity and insulation: to limit/control the spread of radiated and conducted heat at the protected side
of a fire damper installation; it is necessary to determine the distance from the damper’s blades, in free air
or along a duct, where temperatures do not exceed requirements;
b) ability to provide protection from both hydrocarbon pool fires and jet fires;
c) leakage past closed blades;
d) ability to withstand overpressure that can arise from an explosion.
This Technical Specification is based on the use of existing approved fire research and testing facilities.
Specially constructed facilities can be required for testing blast pressure withstand capability. It is important
that test dampers be installed in a manner that represents their design installation.
In carrying out the tests described in this Technical Specification, it is necessary to refer to other standards
connected with the fire-testing of materials and application in the petroleum and natural gas industries. The
test methods simulate thermal and overpressure conditions that can result from fire and explosion. The
conditions in a real incident can be different, so the test results and resultant damper designations do not
guarantee safety but can be used as elements of a fire and explosion risk assessment that takes into account
all other pertinent factors.
NOTE It is planned to determine some aspects of this Technical Specification during the development and testing
stage.
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TECHNICAL SPECIFICATION ISO/TS 27469:2010(E)
Petroleum, petrochemical and natural gas industries — Method
of test for fire dampers
CAUTION - Attention is drawn to the fact that fire testing is hazardous and that there is a possibility
that toxic fumes, smoke and/or gases can be evolved during tests. Mechanical and operational
hazards can also occur during construction of the test elements or structures, their testing and
disposal of test residues.
It is essential that an assessment of all potential hazards and risks to health be made and safety
precautions identified and provided, including appropriate training to relevant personnel.
1 Scope
This Technical Specification specifies a method for determining the following:
a) ability of fire dampers installed in ventilation systems to prevent the spread of fire and heat through
designated fire divisions; typical ratings are given in ISO 13702:1999, Table C.5.
b) fire damper operational reliability in the petroleum, petrochemical and natural gas industries, particularly
offshore installations;
NOTE It is planned to determine the methodology during the testing and development phase.
c) ability of fire dampers installed in ventilation systems to withstand blast overpressures that may result
from the explosion of a flammable gas.
This Technical Specification applies to different start-up operations for different types of furnace and, therefore,
tolerances in test conditions at the beginning of the test are not described in detail. The fire test enables only a
limited assessment of the actuating mechanism being carried out and additional tests can be necessary to
fully evaluate its operational reliability.
2 Normative references
The following referenced documents are indispensable for the application of this document. For dated
references, only the edition cited applies. For undated references, the latest edition of the referenced
document (including any amendments) applies.
ISO 834-1, Fire-resistance tests — Elements of building construction — Part 1: General requirements
ISO 13702:1999, Petroleum and natural gas industries — Control and mitigation of fires and explosions on
offshore production installations — Requirements and guidelines
ISO 15138, Petroleum and natural gas industries — Offshore production installations — Heating, ventilation
and air-conditioning
ISO 22899-1:2007, Determination of the resistance to jet fires of passive fire protection materials — Part 1:
General requirements
EN 1363-1, Fire resistance tests — Part 1: General requirements
EN 1363-2:1999, Fire resistance tests — Part 2: Alternative and additional procedures
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ISO/TS 27469:2010(E)
3 Terms and definitions
For the purposes of this document, the following terms and definitions apply.
3.1
fire damper
mechanical device designed to close off an air duct or aperture and prevent the passage of fire
3.2
connecting duct
duct section between the fire damper and supporting construction
3.3
extension duct
duct section on the unexposed side of the fire damper and on which the test temperature sensors are located
3.4
test specimen
fire damper, connecting duct, extension duct, insulation and (as applicable) the perimeter penetration sealing
system
3.5
test construction
complete assembly of the test specimen and the supporting construction
3.6
fire-damper actuating mechanism
mechanism, integral or directly associated with the fire damper that when initiated by the thermal release
device, causes the movable components of the damper to change from the “open” to the “closed” position
3.7
thermal release mechanism
thermally actuated device designed to respond to a rise in temperature and release the fire-damper actuating
mechanism/blades at a predetermined temperature
NOTE It can interface with mechanically, electrically, electronically, or pneumatically operated mechanisms that are
positioned integrally or remotely from the device
3.8
pool fire
combustion of flammable or combustible hydrocarbon liquid spilled and retained on the surface
3.9
jet fire
ignited discharge of flammable material under pressure
3.10
exposed
facing the fire
3.11
unexposed
facing away from the fire
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ISO/TS 27469:2010(E)
4 Testing
4.1 Test types
The following different types of test shall be required:
a) hydrocarbon pool fire;
b) jet fire;
NOTE Procedure details will be defined during the development and testing stage.
c) blast pressure.
4.2 Hydrocarbon pool fire test
4.2.1 General test procedure
The test shall be carried out in accordance with ISO 834-1, except where amended by this Technical
Specification. The time-temperature curve shall be in accordance with EN 1363-2:1999, 4.1 and Figure 1.
4.2.2 Test environment
The test shall be carried out in an environment in which the effects of weather do not significantly affect the
test. The test specimen should be shielded from the effects of a high wind and testing should not be carried
out if wind speed in the immediate vicinity exceeds 3 m/s. The ambient temperature range for the test is
−10 °C to +40 °C.
4.2.3 Specimen mounting
The test specimen comprised of the damper assembly, ducting sections and supporting structure shall be
constructed in accordance with an approved “H” rating design and insulated to a H120 rating on the stiffened
external face of the furnace. Vertical and horizontal arrangements should be of similar construction. The fire
damper should be fixed in position in the same manner as intended for a design installation and should be as
close to the fire barrier division as possible. Extension ducts and insulation shall be provided as required to
meet thermal performance criteria and to enable measurement of temperatures arising from radiated,
conducted and convected heat on the unexposed side of the fire damper. Typical arrangements are shown in
Figures 1, 2, 3 and 4.
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ISO/TS 27469:2010(E)
Dimensions in millimetres
Key
1 furnace
2 fire damper
3 structural steel core
4 insulation material
5 temperature sensing device
6 define by testing
Figure 1 — Fire damper installed inside the furnace
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ISO/TS 27469:2010(E)
Dimensions in millimetres
Key
1 furnace
2 fire damper
3 structural steel core
4 insulation material
5 temperature sensing device
6 define by testing
Figure 2 — Fire damper installed outside the furnace
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ISO/TS 27469:2010(E)
Dimensions in millimetres
Key
1 furnace
2 fire damper
3 structural steel core
4 insulation material
5 temperature sensing device
6 define by testing
Figure 3 — Horizontal fire damper installed inside the furnace
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ISO/TS 27469:2010(E)
Dimensions in millimetres
Key
1 furnace
2 fire damper
3 structural steel core
4 insulation material
5 temperature sensing device
6 define by testing
Figure 4 — Horizontal fire damper installed outside the furnace
4.2.4 Fire damper sizes and orientation
Fire dampers of the following sizes should be tested:
a) maximum size: the maximum that can be accommodated by the test facilities or the maximum size
available for the type of damper being tested;
b) minimum size: the smallest version of the type of fire damper being tested.
Fire dampers shall be tested in both the horizontal and vertical orientations indicated in Figures 1, 2, 3 and 4.
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ISO/TS 27469:2010(E)
4.2.5 Fire dampers installed onto a steel structural opening
A test result obtained for a fire damper installed within a structural opening is only applicable to fire dampers
installed in the same orientation as that tested.
4.2.6 Test instruments
4.2.6.1 Test specimen temperature sensors
For each test specimen, temperature sensors should be in accordance with EN 1363-1 and fixed to surfaces
at the following locations and as indicated in Figures 1, 2, 3, and 4:
⎯ on the surface of the extension-duct insulation at a distance of 25 mm from the unexposed face of the
division;
⎯ on the s
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