ISO 24284:2022
(Main)Metallic coatings — Corrosion test method for decorative chrome plating under a de-icing salt environment
Metallic coatings — Corrosion test method for decorative chrome plating under a de-icing salt environment
This document specifies the apparatus, reagents, and procedure to assess the corrosion resistance of chromium electroplated parts in the presence of de-icing salts (especially calcium chloride) in the laboratory. This method is primarily applicable to decorative parts plated with chromium, especially to exterior (automobile) parts electroplated with nickel-chromium or copper-nickel-chromium. This document simulates a special corrosion in the presence of hygroscopic and corrosive de-icing salt and conductive mud with a high salt concentration on chromium electroplated deposits during winter.
Revêtements métalliques — Méthode d'essai de corrosion pour le chromage décoratif en présence de sels de déverglaçage
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INTERNATIONAL ISO
STANDARD 24284
First edition
2022-01
Metallic coatings — Corrosion test
method for decorative chrome plating
under a de-icing salt environment
Revêtements métalliques — Méthode d'essai de corrosion pour le
chromage décoratif en présence de sels de déverglaçage
Reference number
ISO 24284:2022(E)
© ISO 2022
---------------------- Page: 1 ----------------------
ISO 24284:2022(E)
COPYRIGHT PROTECTED DOCUMENT
© ISO 2022
All rights reserved. Unless otherwise specified, or required in the context of its implementation, no part of this publication may
be reproduced or utilized otherwise in any form or by any means, electronic or mechanical, including photocopying, or posting on
the internet or an intranet, without prior written permission. Permission can be requested from either ISO at the address below
or ISO’s member body in the country of the requester.
ISO copyright office
CP 401 • Ch. de Blandonnet 8
CH-1214 Vernier, Geneva
Phone: +41 22 749 01 11
Email: copyright@iso.org
Website: www.iso.org
Published in Switzerland
ii
© ISO 2022 – All rights reserved
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ISO 24284:2022(E)
Contents Page
Foreword .iv
Introduction .v
1 Scope . 1
2 Normative references . 1
3 Terms and definitions . 1
4 Apparatus . 1
5 Test slurry . 2
5.1 Preparation of the calcium chloride (CaCl ) solution . 2
2
5.2 Preparation of the slurry (paste) . 2
6 Procedure .2
7 E valuation of the results .3
8 Test report . 3
Annex A (informative) Graphical procedure of de-icing salt corrosion test .4
Annex B (informative) Example for rating after de-icing salt corrosion test .6
Bibliography . 7
iii
© ISO 2022 – All rights reserved
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ISO 24284:2022(E)
Foreword
ISO (the International Organization for Standardization) is a worldwide federation of national standards
bodies (ISO member bodies). The work of preparing International Standards is normally carried out
through ISO technical committees. Each member body interested in a subject for which a technical
committee has been established has the right to be represented on that committee. International
organizations, governmental and non-governmental, in liaison with ISO, also take part in the work.
ISO collaborates closely with the International Electrotechnical Commission (IEC) on all matters of
electrotechnical standardization.
The procedures used to develop this document and those intended for its further maintenance are
described in the ISO/IEC Directives, Part 1. In particular, the different approval criteria needed for the
different types of ISO documents should be noted. This document was drafted in accordance with the
editorial rules of the ISO/IEC Directives, Part 2 (see www.iso.org/directives).
Attention is drawn to the possibility that some of the elements of this document may be the subject of
patent rights. ISO shall not be held responsible for identifying any or all such patent rights. Details of
any patent rights identified during the development of the document will be in the Introduction and/or
on the ISO list of patent declarations received (see www.iso.org/patents).
Any trade name used in this document is information given for the convenience of users and does not
constitute an endorsement.
For an explanation of the voluntary nature of standards, the meaning of ISO specific terms and
expressions related to conformity assessment, as well as information about ISO's adherence to
the World Trade Organization (WTO) principles in the Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT), see
www.iso.org/iso/foreword.html.
This document was prepared by Technical Committee ISO/TC 107, Metallic and other inorganic coatings,
Subcommittee SC 7, Corrosion tests.
Any feedback or questions on this document should be directed to the user’s national standards body. A
complete listing of these bodies can be found at www.iso.org/members.html.
iv
© ISO 2022 – All rights reserved
---------------------- Page: 4 ----------------------
ISO 24284:2022(E)
Introduction
Decorative, electrodeposited nickel-chromium and copper-nickel-chromium coatings, built up with a
multilayer nickel system including micro-discontinuous nickel, are applied to manufactured articles to
enhance their appearance and corrosion resistance.
These coating systems are characterized by unique corrosion mechanisms. Once corrosion begins, the
nickel layer gets dissolved preferentially (especially in the case of a bright nickel layer): it acts as an
anode with respect to chromium (which is intended to act as a cathode). In addition, lots of tiny pores or
cracks in the micro-discontinuous layer distribute the corrosion current throughout the whole surface.
In this way the amount of current at a given corrosion site is substantially lowered, creating minor pits
that remain for a longer time invisible to the naked eye. In addition, the corrosion penetration through
the bright nickel layer is reduced, especially when a more noble semi-bright nickel layer shields it from
the substrate or the copper underlayer.
An additional different corrosion phenomenon is caused during winter by de-icing salts, especially
calcium chloride. This particular corrosion phenomenon is characterized by slightly yellow and less
shiny spots on the surface, caused by the complete dissolution of the chromium layer and the partial
deterioration of the microporous nickel layer. In this situation, the bright nickel layer remains intact.
Such corrosion phenomena are predominantly occurring in areas with cold winter conditions and the
use of calcium chloride as de-icing agent in combination with dirt dust deposits.
Unfortunately, this corrosion phenomenon cannot be tested and evaluated using existing corrosion test
methods [e.g. salt spray (see ISO 9227) and Corrodkote test].
v
© ISO 2022 – All rights reserved
---------------------- Page: 5 ----------------------
INTERNATIONAL STANDARD ISO 24284:2022(E)
Metallic coatings — Corrosion test method for decorative
chrome plating under a de-icing salt environment
1 Scope
This document specifies the apparatus, reagents, and procedure to assess the corrosion resistance
of chromium electroplated parts in the presence of de-icing salts (especi
...
FINAL
INTERNATIONAL ISO/FDIS
DRAFT
STANDARD 24284
ISO/TC 107/SC 7
Metallic coatings — Corrosion test
Secretariat: JISC
method for decorative chrome plating
Voting begins on:
2021-09-29 under a de-icing salt environment
Voting terminates on:
2021-11-24
RECIPIENTS OF THIS DRAFT ARE INVITED TO
SUBMIT, WITH THEIR COMMENTS, NOTIFICATION
OF ANY RELEVANT PATENT RIGHTS OF WHICH
THEY ARE AWARE AND TO PROVIDE SUPPOR TING
DOCUMENTATION.
IN ADDITION TO THEIR EVALUATION AS
Reference number
BEING ACCEPTABLE FOR INDUSTRIAL, TECHNO-
ISO/FDIS 24284:2021(E)
LOGICAL, COMMERCIAL AND USER PURPOSES,
DRAFT INTERNATIONAL STANDARDS MAY ON
OCCASION HAVE TO BE CONSIDERED IN THE
LIGHT OF THEIR POTENTIAL TO BECOME STAN-
DARDS TO WHICH REFERENCE MAY BE MADE IN
NATIONAL REGULATIONS. © ISO 2021
---------------------- Page: 1 ----------------------
ISO/FDIS 24284:2021(E)
COPYRIGHT PROTECTED DOCUMENT
© ISO 2021
All rights reserved. Unless otherwise specified, or required in the context of its implementation, no part of this publication may
be reproduced or utilized otherwise in any form or by any means, electronic or mechanical, including photocopying, or posting on
the internet or an intranet, without prior written permission. Permission can be requested from either ISO at the address below
or ISO’s member body in the country of the requester.
ISO copyright office
CP 401 • Ch. de Blandonnet 8
CH-1214 Vernier, Geneva
Phone: +41 22 749 01 11
Email: copyright@iso.org
Website: www.iso.org
Published in Switzerland
ii
© ISO 2021 – All rights reserved
---------------------- Page: 2 ----------------------
ISO/FDIS 24284:2021(E)
Contents Page
Foreword .iv
Introduction .v
1 Scope . 1
2 Normative references . 1
3 Terms and definitions . 1
4 Apparatus . 1
5 Test slurry . 2
5.1 Preparation of the calcium chloride (CaCl ) solution . 2
2
5.2 Preparation of the slurry (paste) . 2
6 Procedure .2
7 E valuation of the results .3
8 Test report . 3
Annex A (informative) Graphical procedure of de-icing salt corrosion test .4
Annex B (informative) Example for rating after de-icing salt corrosion test .6
Bibliography . 7
iii
© ISO 2021 – All rights reserved
---------------------- Page: 3 ----------------------
ISO/FDIS 24284:2021(E)
Foreword
ISO (the International Organization for Standardization) is a worldwide federation of national standards
bodies (ISO member bodies). The work of preparing International Standards is normally carried out
through ISO technical committees. Each member body interested in a subject for which a technical
committee has been established has the right to be represented on that committee. International
organizations, governmental and non-governmental, in liaison with ISO, also take part in the work.
ISO collaborates closely with the International Electrotechnical Commission (IEC) on all matters of
electrotechnical standardization.
The procedures used to develop this document and those intended for its further maintenance are
described in the ISO/IEC Directives, Part 1. In particular, the different approval criteria needed for the
different types of ISO documents should be noted. This document was drafted in accordance with the
editorial rules of the ISO/IEC Directives, Part 2 (see www.iso.org/directives).
Attention is drawn to the possibility that some of the elements of this document may be the subject of
patent rights. ISO shall not be held responsible for identifying any or all such patent rights. Details of
any patent rights identified during the development of the document will be in the Introduction and/or
on the ISO list of patent declarations received (see www.iso.org/patents).
Any trade name used in this document is information given for the convenience of users and does not
constitute an endorsement.
For an explanation of the voluntary nature of standards, the meaning of ISO specific terms and
expressions related to conformity assessment, as well as information about ISO's adherence to
the World Trade Organization (WTO) principles in the Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT), see
www.iso.org/iso/foreword.html.
This document was prepared by Technical Committee ISO/TC 107, Metallic and other inorganic coatings,
Subcommittee SC 7, Corrosion tests.
Any feedback or questions on this document should be directed to the user’s national standards body. A
complete listing of these bodies can be found at www.iso.org/members.html.
iv
© ISO 2021 – All rights reserved
---------------------- Page: 4 ----------------------
ISO/FDIS 24284:2021(E)
Introduction
Decorative, electrodeposited nickel-chromium and copper-nickel-chromium coatings, built up with a
multilayer nickel system including micro-discontinuous nickel, are applied to manufactured articles to
enhance their appearance and corrosion resistance.
These coating systems are characterized by unique corrosion mechanisms. Once corrosion begins, the
nickel layer gets dissolved preferentially (especially in the case of a bright nickel layer): it acts as an
anode with respect to chromium (which is intended to acts as a cathode). In addition, lots of tiny pores or
cracks in the micro-discontinuous layer distribute the corrosion current throughout the whole surface.
In this way the amount of current at a given corrosion site is substantially lowered, creating minor pits
that remain for a longer time invisible to the naked eye. In addition, the corrosion penetration through
the bright nickel layer is reduced, especially when a more noble semi-bright nickel layer shields it from
the substrate or the copper underlayer.
An additional different corrosion phenomenon is caused during winter by de-icing salts, especially
calcium chloride. This particular corrosion phenomenon is characterized by slightly yellow and less
shiny spots on the surface, caused by the complete dissolution of the chromium layer and the partial
deterioration of the microporous nickel layer. In this situation, the bright nickel layer remains intact.
Such corrosion phenomena are predominantly occurring in areas with cold winter conditions and the
use of calcium chloride as de-icing agent in combination with dirt dust deposits.
Unfortunately, this corrosion phenomenon cannot be tested and evaluated using existing corrosion test
methods [e.g. salt spray (see ISO 9227) and Corrodkote test].
v
© ISO 2021 – All rights reserved
---------------------- Page: 5 ----------------------
FINAL DRAFT INTERNATIONAL STANDARD ISO/FDIS 24284:2021(E)
Metallic coatings — Corrosion test method for decorative
...
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