ISO 8000-114:2024

Data quality - Part 114: Master data: Application of ISO/IEC 21778 and ISO 8000-115 to portable data

This document specifies requirements for data to be portable data. The following are within the scope of this document: - fundamental principles and assumptions for portable data; - the role of semantic encoding in making data portable; - the syntax of a structured format for portable data; - the metadata and the reference data to include as part of portable data. The following are outside the scope of this document: - the information to be represented by the interoperable data format.

Titre manque — Partie 114: Titre manque

General Information

• Status: Published
• Publication Date: 04-Mar-2024
• ICS: 25.040.40 - Industrial process measurement and control
• Technical Committee: ISO/TC 184/SC 4 - Industrial data
• Drafting Committee: ISO/TC 184/SC 4 - Industrial data
• Current Stage: 6060 - International Standard published
• Start Date: 05-Mar-2024
• Due Date: 18-Feb-2025
• Completion Date: 05-Mar-2024

Overview

ISO 8000-114:2024 is part of the ISO 8000 series on data quality and defines requirements that make master data portable and interoperable across systems. The standard focuses on the application of ISO/IEC 21778 (JSON) and ISO 8000-115 to portable data, specifying principles, syntactic rules, character encoding guidance, and the metadata and reference data that should accompany portable data. It does not prescribe the specific domain information to be represented by an interoperable format.

Key Topics and Requirements

• Fundamental principles: portability requires explicit identifiers, declared character encoding, a stated syntax and explicit semantics (metadata or semantic encoding).
• Semantic encoding: guidance on making meaning explicit either via accessible metadata/reference data or use of open concept dictionaries (e.g., technical dictionaries referenced by the ISO 22745 series).
• Structured format syntax: application of ISO/IEC 21778 (JSON) as the referenced interchange syntax; the document defines the syntax rules required for portable data structures.
• Character encoding: alignment with ISO/IEC 10646 (Universal Coded Character Set); notes UTF‑8 as the most prevalent encoding on the internet.
• Filename and file naming: conventions for file identifiers, base file name and extension, and considerations for file-system-specific rules.
• Metadata and reference data: mandatory inclusion of metadata and reference identifiers to support unambiguous interpretation and resolution of meaning.
• Conformance: requirements and criteria to demonstrate that data meet the portable-data specification.
• Informative annexes: document identification (Annex A) and examples of portable data (Annex B) to support implementation.

Applications and Who Uses It

ISO 8000-114 is practical for organizations seeking robust data portability, interoperability and traceability of master data across applications and supply chains. Typical users:

• Data architects and system integrators implementing interoperable master-data exchanges
• Data governance and quality teams establishing portable-data policies
• Software developers and API designers producing or consuming portable data (JSON-based)
• Procurement and supply‑chain professionals ensuring reusability and protection of intellectual property in data
• Compliance and standards officers assessing conformance to data-quality requirements

Benefits include improved system interoperability, safer data exchange, clearer semantics for automated processing, and protection of data as an organizational asset.

Related Standards

• ISO 8000-2 (Vocabulary)
• ISO 8000-115 (Exchange of quality identifiers)
• ISO/IEC 21778 (JSON data interchange syntax)
• ISO/IEC 10646 (Universal Coded Character Set)
• ISO 22745 series (open concept dictionaries)

Keywords: ISO 8000-114:2024, data quality, portable data, master data, JSON, UTF-8, semantic encoding, metadata, ISO 8000 series.

Standards Content (Sample)

International
Standard
ISO 8000-114
First edition
Data quality —
2024-03
Part 114:
Master data: Application of ISO/
IEC 21778 and ISO 8000-115 to
portable data
Reference number
© ISO 2024
All rights reserved. Unless otherwise specified, or required in the context of its implementation, no part of this publication may
be reproduced or utilized otherwise in any form or by any means, electronic or mechanical, including photocopying, or posting on
the internet or an intranet, without prior written permission. Permission can be requested from either ISO at the address below
or ISO’s member body in the country of the requester.
ISO copyright office
CP 401 • Ch. de Blandonnet 8
CH-1214 Vernier, Geneva
Phone: [phone]
Email: [e-mail]
Website: www.iso.org
Published in Switzerland
ii
Contents Page
Foreword .iv
Introduction .v
1 Scope . 1
2 Normative references . 1
3 Terms and definitions . 1
4 Fundamental principles and assumptions . 2
4.1 General .2
4.2 Filename .2
4.3 Character encoding .2
4.4 Syntax .2
4.5 Semantic encoding .3
5 Structured format for portable data . 4
6 Conformance . 4
Annex A (informative) Document identification . 5
Annex B (informative) Examples of portable data . 6
Bibliography . 8

iii
Foreword
ISO (the International Organization for Standardization) is a worldwide federation of national standards
bodies (ISO member bodies). The work of preparing International Standards is normally carried out through
ISO technical committees. Each member body interested in a subject for which a technical committee
has been established has the right to be represented on that committee. International organizations,
governmental and non-governmental, in liaison with ISO, also take part in the work. ISO collaborates closely
with the International Electrotechnical Commission (IEC) on all matters of electrotechnical standardization.
The procedures used to develop this document and those intended for its further maintenance are described
in the ISO/IEC Directives, Part 1. In particular, the different approval criteria needed for the different types
of ISO document should be noted. This document was drafted in accordance with the editorial rules of the
ISO/IEC Directives, Part 2 (see www.iso.org/directives).
ISO draws attention to the possibility that the implementation of this document may involve the use of (a)
patent(s). ISO takes no position concerning the evidence, validity or applicability of any claimed patent
rights in respect thereof. As of the date of publication of this document, ISO had not received notice of (a)
patent(s) which may be required to implement this document. However, implementers are cautioned that
this may not represent the latest information, which may be obtained from the patent database available at
www.iso.org/patents. ISO shall not be held responsible for identifying any or all such patent rights.
Any trade name used in this document is information given for the convenience of users and does not
constitute an endorsement.
For an explanation of the voluntary nature of standards, the meaning of ISO specific terms and expressions
related to conformity assessment, as well as information about ISO's adherence to the World Trade
Organization (WTO) principles in the Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT), see www.iso.org/iso/foreword.html.
This document was prepared by Technical Committee ISO/TC 184, Automation systems and integration, SC 4,
Industrial data.
A list of all parts in the ISO 8000 series can be found on the ISO website.
Any feedback or questions on this document should be directed to the user’s national standards body. A
complete listing of these bodies can be found at www.iso.org/members.html.

iv
Introduction
0.1  Foundations of the ISO 8000 series
Digital data deliver value by enhancing all aspects of organizational performance including:
— operational effectiveness and efficiency;
— safety and security;
— reputation with customers and the wider public;
— compliance with statutory regulations;
— innovation;
— consumer costs, revenues and stock prices.
In addition, many organizations are now addressing these considerations with reference to the United
1)
Nations Sustainable Development Goals .
2)
The influence on performance originates from data being the formalized representation of information .
This information enables organizations to make reliable decisions. This decision making can be performed
by human beings directly and also by automated data processing including artificial intelligence systems.
Through widespread adoption of digital computing and associated communication technologies,
organizations become dependent on digital data. This dependency amplifies the negative consequences of
lack of quality in these data. These consequences are the decrease of organizational performance.
The biggest impact of digital data comes from two key factors:
— the data having a structure that reflects the nature of the subject matter;
EXAMPLE 1 A research scientist writes a report using a software application for word processing. This report
includes a table that uses a clear, logical layout to show results from an experiment. These results indicate how
material properties vary with temperature. The report is read by a designer, who uses the results to create a product
that works in a range of different operating temperatures.
— the data being computer processable (machine readable) rather than just being for a person to read and
understand.
EXAMPLE 2 A research scientist uses a database system to store the results of experiments on a material. This
system controls the format of different values in the data set. The system generates an output file of digital data.
This file is processed by a software application for engineering analysis. The application determines the optimum
geometry when using the material to make a product.
ISO 9000 explains that quality is not an abstract concept of absolute perfection. Quality is actually the
conformance of characteristics to requirements. This actuality means that any item of data can be of high
quality for one purpose but not for a different purpose. The quality is different because the requirements are
different between the two purposes.
EXAMPLE 3 Time data are processed by calendar applications and also by control systems for propulsion units
on spacecraft. These data include start times for meetings in a calendar application and activation times in a control
system. These start times require less precision than the activation times.
1) https://sdgs.un.org/goals
2) ISO 8000-2 defines information as “knowledge concerning objects, such as facts, events, things, processes, or ideas,
including concepts, that within a certain context has a particular meaning”.

v
The nature of digital data is fundamental to establishing requirements that are relevant to the specific
decisions that are made by each organization.
EXAMPLE 4 ISO 8000-1 identifies that data have syntactic (format), semantic (meaning) and pragmatic (usefulness)
characteristics.
To support the delivery of high-quality data, the ISO 8000 series addresses:
— data governance, data quality management and maturity assessment;
EXAMPLE 5 ISO 8000-61 specifies a process reference model for data quality management.
— creating and applying requirements for data and information;
EXAMPLE 6 ISO 8000-110 specifies how to exchange characteristic data that are master data.
— monitoring and measuring information and data quality;
EXAMPLE 7 ISO 8000-8 specifies approaches to measuring information and data quality.
— improving data and, consequently, information quality;
EXAMPLE 8 ISO/TS 8000-81 specifies an approach to data profiling, which identifies opportunities to improve
data quality.
— issues that are specific to the type of content in a data set.
EXAMPLE 9 ISO/TS 8000-311 specifies how to address quality considerations for product shape data.
Data quality management covers all aspects of data processing, including creating, collecting, storing,
maintaining, transferring, exploiting and presenting data to deliver information.
Effective data quality management is systemic and systematic, requiring an understanding of the root causes
of data quality issues. This understanding is the basis for not just correcting existing nonconformities but
for also implementing solutions that prevent future reoccurrence of those nonconformities.
EXAMPLE 10 If a data set includes dates in multiple formats including “yyyy-mm-dd”, “mm-dd-yy” and “dd-mm-yy”,
then data cleansing can correct the consistency of the values. Such cleansing requires additional information, however,
to resolve ambiguous entries (such as, “04-05-20”). The cleansing also cannot address any process issues and people
issues, including training, that have caused the inconsistency.
0.2  Understanding more about the ISO 8000 series
ISO 8000-1 provides a detailed explanation of the structure and scope of the whole ISO 8000 series.
3)
ISO 8000-2 specifies the single, common vocabulary for the ISO 8000 series. This vocabulary is ideal
reading material by which to understand the overall subject matter of data quality. ISO 8000-2 presents the
vocabulary structured by a series of topic areas (for example, terms relating to quality and terms relating to
data and information).
4)
ISO has identified ISO 8000-1, ISO 8000-2 and ISO 8000-8 as horizontal deliverables .
0.3  Role of this document
As a contribution to this overall capability of the ISO 8000 series, this document specifies requirements that
make data portable. These requirements support the data to represent unambiguously the information that
organizations use. Portable data are important to organizations because these data can exist independently
of the application that created the data. This independence ensures other applications can use the
information represented by the data. Portable data are necessary for interoperability of systems and for the
protection of intellectual property in data.
3) The content is available on the ISO Online Browsing Platform. https://www.iso.org/obp
4) Deliverable dealing with a subject relevant to a number of committees or sectors or of crucial importance to ensure
coherence across standardization deliverables.

vi
This document supports activities that affect:
— one or more information systems;
— data flows within the organization and with external organizations;
— any phase of the data life cycle.
Organizations can use this document on its own or in conjunction with other parts of the ISO 8000 series.
Annex A contains an identifier that conforms to ISO/IEC 8824-1. The identifier unambiguously identifies this
document in an open information system.
0.4 Benefits of the ISO 8000 series
By implementing parts of the ISO 8000 series to improve organizational performance, an organization
achieves the following benefits:
— objective validation of the foundations for digital transformation of the organization;
— a sustainable basis for data in digital form becoming a fundamental asset class the organization relies on
to deliver value;
— securing evidence-based trust from other parties (including supply chain partners and regulators) about
the repeatability and reliability of data and information processing in the organization;
— portability of data with resulting protection against loss of intellectual property and reusability across
the organization and applications;
— effective and efficient interoperability between all parties in a supply chain to achieve traceability of
data back to original sources;
— readiness to acquire or supply services where th
...