SIST EN 13135:2013
(Main)Cranes - Safety - Design - Requirements for equipment
Cranes - Safety - Design - Requirements for equipment
This European Standard specifies requirements for the design and selection of electrical, mechanical, hydraulic and pneumatic equipment used in all types of cranes and their associated fixed load lifting attachments with the objectives of protecting personnel from hazards affecting their health and safety and of ensuring reliability of function. The electrical equipment covered by this European Standard commences at the point of connection of the supply to the crane (the crane supply switch) including systems for power supply and control feeders situated outside the crane, e.g. flexible cables, conductor wires or bars, electric motors and cableless controls. The principles to be applied for cranes transporting hazardous loads are given in this standard. Particular requirements are given for cranes transporting hot molten metal. The standard does not cover the detail design of individual items of equipment except with regard to their selection for specific aspects of use. In general, the proof of competence calculations and related strength requirements or safety margins of equipment and components are not covered by this standard. These questions are covered in EN 13001 parts 1 and 2, and in the EN 13001-3 series that is partly under preparation (see Annex A). Exceptionally, some safety margins are given here for items not covered in EN 13001-series. Hazards due to noise are not covered by this standard. They are addressed in safety standards specific to each type of crane. The specific hazards due to potentially explosive atmospheres, ionising radiation, and operation in electromagnetic fields beyond the range of EN 61000-6-2 are not covered by this European Standard. The significant hazards covered by this European Standard are identified in Clause 4. This European Standard is not applicable to cranes, which are manufactured before the date of publication by CEN of this standard.
Krane - Sicherheit - Konstruktion - Anforderungen an die Ausrüstungen
Diese Europäische Norm legt Anforderungen an die Konstruktion und Auswahl der elektrischen, mecha-nischen, hydraulischen und pneumatischen Ausrüstung für alle Arten von Kranen und ihren dazugehörenden fest eingescherten Lastaufnahmemittel fest, mit dem Ziel, das Personal vor Gefährdungen seiner Sicherheit und Gesund¬heit zu schützen und die Betriebssicherheit der Funktionen sicherzustellen.
ANMERKUNG Besondere Anforderungen an spezielle Kranarten und Lastaufnahmemittel sind in entsprechenden Europäischen Normen angegeben.
Die elektrische Ausrüstung, die von dieser Europäischen Norm abgedeckt wird, beginnt an der Netz-anschlussstelle des Krans (dem Kranhauptschalter), und schließt die Systeme für Energieversorgung und Steuerleitungen außerhalb des Krans, z. B. flexible Leitungen, Schleifleitungen, Elektromotoren und kabellose Steuerungen, mit ein.
Diese Norm behandelt keine Detailkonstruktion einzelner Einheiten der Ausrüstung, außer im Hinblick auf ihre Auswahl für bestimmte Aspekte der Anwendung.
Für Krane, die gefährliche Lasten transportieren, sind die anzuwendenden Grundsätze in dieser Norm ange-geben. Besondere Anforderungen sind an den Transport feuerflüssiger Metalle gegeben.
Berechnungen zum Sicherheitsnachweis, Festigkeitsanforderungen oder Sicherheitsabstände für Ausrüstung und Einzelteile sind allgemein nicht Bestandteil dieser Norm. Fragen hierzu behandeln EN 13001-1, EN 13001-2 und die Normenreihe EN 13001-3, die teilweise in Vorbereitung ist, siehe Anhang A. Lediglich für in der Normenreihe EN 13001-1 nicht aufgeführte Positionen werden hier einige Sicherheitsabstände aufge¬führt.
Gefährdungen durch Lärm sind nicht Bestandteil dieser Norm. Diese sind in den Produktnormen der jeweiligen Kranarten festgelegt.
Besondere Gefährdungen durch explosionsgefährdete Bereiche, ionisierende Strahlung und Einsatz in elektromagnetischen Feldern, über den Anwendungsbereich von EN 61000-6-2 hinaus, werden in der vorliegenden Europäischen Norm nicht behandelt.
Appareils de levage à charge suspendue - Sécurité - Conception - Prescriptions relatives à l'équipement
La présente Norme européenne spécifie les prescriptions relatives à la conception et au choix des équipements électriques, mécaniques, hydrauliques et pneumatiques utilisés pour tous les types d’appareils de levage à charge suspendue et leurs équipements fixes de prise de charge, dans le but de s’assurer de la fiabilité des fonctions et de protéger le personnel des phénomènes dangereux qui pourraient affecter leur santé et leur sécurité.
NOTE Des prescriptions spécifiques pour des types particuliers d’appareils de levage à charge suspendue et pour leurs équipements de prise de charge sont données dans la Norme européenne appropriée.
L’équipement électrique couvert par la présente Norme européenne commence au point de raccordement de l’alimentation de l’appareil de levage à charge suspendue (l’interrupteur d’alimentation de l’appareil de levage à charge suspendue), y compris les alimentations de puissance et les alimentations de commande situées à l’extérieur de l’appareil de levage à charge suspendue, telles que les câbles souples, les câbles conducteurs ou les barres conductrices, les moteurs électriques et les commandes sans fil.
La présente norme ne traite pas de la conception détaillée des éléments individuels de l’équipement, sauf en ce qui concerne leur sélection pour des aspects liés à des utilisations spécifiques.
Les principes à suivre pour des appareils de levage à charge suspendue transportant des charges dangereuses sont donnés dans la présente norme. Des prescriptions particulières sont indiquées pour les appareils de levage à charge suspendue transportant du métal en fusion.
En règle générale, les calculs de vérification d’aptitude et les prescriptions relatives à la résistance ou les marges de sécurité correspondantes s’appliquant à l’équipement et aux composants ne sont pas fournis dans la présente norme.
Žerjavi - Varnost - Konstruiranje - Zahteve za opremo
Ta evropski standard podaja zahteve za konstruiranje in izbiro električne, mehanične, hidravlične in pnevmatične opreme, ki se uporablja v vseh vrstah žerjavov in njihovi povezani pritrjeni dvigalni opremi. Cilj tega standarda je zaščita osebja pred tveganji, ki vplivajo na njihovo zdravje in varnost, ter zagotavljanje zanesljivosti delovanja. Električna oprema, ki jo zajema ta evropski standard, se začne v točki povezave napajanja z žerjavom (stikalo za napajanje žerjava) in vključuje napajalne sisteme in kontrolne vhode, ki se nahajajo zunaj žerjava, na primer zvijave kable, prevodne žice ali zbiralke, elektromotorje in brezžične krmilnike. V tem standardu so podana načela, ki se uporabljajo za žerjave za prevoz nevarnih bremen. Za žerjave za prevoz vroče tekoče kovine so podane posebne zahteve. Ta standard ne vsebuje podrobnih načrtov posameznih delov opreme, razen v zvezi z njihovo izbiro za posebne vidike uporabe. Ta standard na splošno ne podaja dokazov o izračunih kakovosti in povezanih zahtev o moči ali varnostnih mejah opreme in delov. Ta vprašanja obravnavata 1. in 2. del standarda EN 13001 in skupina standardov EN 13001-3, ki je delno v postopku priprave (glej dodatek A). Izjemoma so v tem standardu podane nekatere varnostne meje za elemente, ki niso zajeti v skupini standardov EN 13001. Ta standard ne zajema tveganj zaradi hrupa. Ta tveganja so obravnavana v varnostnih standardih, ki so značilni za vsako vrsto žerjava. Posebne nevarnosti zaradi potencialno eksplozivne atmosfere, ionizirajočega sevanja in delovanja v elektromagnetnem polju, ki presegajo področje uporabe standarda 61000-6-2, niso zajete v tem evropskem standardu. Posebne nevarnosti, ki jih zajema ta evropski standard, so navedene v točki 4. Ta evropski standard se ne uporablja za žerjave, izdelane pred datumom objave tega standarda s strani CEN.
General Information
Relations
Standards Content (Sample)
2003-01.Slovenski inštitut za standardizacijo. Razmnoževanje celote ali delov tega standarda ni dovoljeno.Žerjavi - Varnost - Konstruiranje - Zahteve za opremoKrane - Sicherheit - Konstruktion - Anforderungen an die AusrüstungenAppareils de levage à charge suspendue - Sécurité - Conception - Prescriptions relatives à l'équipementCranes - Safety - Design - Requirements for equipment53.020.20DvigalaCranesICS:Ta slovenski standard je istoveten z:EN 13135:2013SIST EN 13135:2013en,fr,de01-junij-2013SIST EN 13135:2013SLOVENSKI
STANDARDSIST EN 13135-2:2005+A1:2010SIST EN 13135-1:2004+A1:20101DGRPHãþD
SIST EN 13135:2013
EUROPEAN STANDARD NORME EUROPÉENNE EUROPÄISCHE NORM
EN 13135
February 2013 ICS 53.020.20 Supersedes EN 13135-1:2003+A1:2010, EN 13135-2:2004+A1:2010English Version
Cranes - Safety - Design - Requirements for equipment
Appareils de levage à charge suspendue - Sécurité - Conception - Prescriptions relatives à l'équipement
Krane - Sicherheit - Konstruktion - Anforderungen an die Ausrüstungen This European Standard was approved by CEN on 5 January 2013.
CEN members are bound to comply with the CEN/CENELEC Internal Regulations which stipulate the conditions for giving this European Standard the status of a national standard without any alteration. Up-to-date lists and bibliographical references concerning such national standards may be obtained on application to the CEN-CENELEC Management Centre or to any CEN member.
This European Standard exists in three official versions (English, French, German). A version in any other language made by translation under the responsibility of a CEN member into its own language and notified to the CEN-CENELEC Management Centre has the same status as the official versions.
CEN members are the national standards bodies of Austria, Belgium, Bulgaria, Croatia, Cyprus, Czech Republic, Denmark, Estonia, Finland, Former Yugoslav Republic of Macedonia, France, Germany, Greece, Hungary, Iceland, Ireland, Italy, Latvia, Lithuania, Luxembourg, Malta, Netherlands, Norway, Poland, Portugal, Romania, Slovakia, Slovenia, Spain, Sweden, Switzerland, Turkey and United Kingdom.
EUROPEAN COMMITTEE FOR STANDARDIZATION
COMITÉ EUROPÉEN DE NORMALISATION EUROPÄISCHES KOMITEE FÜR NORMUNG
Management Centre:
Avenue Marnix 17,
B-1000 Brussels © 2013 CEN All rights of exploitation in any form and by any means reserved worldwide for CEN national Members. Ref. No. EN 13135:2013: ESIST EN 13135:2013
EN 13135:2013 (E) 2 Contents Page Foreword . 4 Introduction . 5 1 Scope . 6 2 Normative references . 6 3 Terms and definitions . 8 4 List of significant hazards . 11 5 Safety requirements and/or protective measures. 14 5.1 General . 14 5.2 Electrical equipment . 14 5.2.1 General . 14 5.2.2 Physical environment and operating conditions . 15 5.2.3 Electrical supply . 15 5.2.4 Protection against electric shock by direct contact . 15 5.2.5 Control circuits and control functions . 15 5.2.6 Operator interface and mounted control devices . 16 5.2.7 Power driven motions . 16 5.2.8 Selection of motors . 16 5.3 Mechanical equipment . 24 5.3.1 General . 24 5.3.2 Clutches and couplings . 25 5.3.3 Brakes . 25 5.3.4 Gear drives . 28 5.3.5 Wheels on rails . 29 5.3.6 Rope systems . 30 5.3.7 Chain systems . 33 5.3.8 Belt systems . 34 5.3.9 Adjustment rods . 35 5.3.10 Compensating means . 36 5.4 Structures associated with mechanical equipment . 36 5.4.1 Structures . 36 5.4.2 Structural equipment . 36 5.5 Fluid power systems . 37 5.5.1 Controls and control devices of fluid power systems . 37 5.5.2 Protective measures . 38 5.5.3 Overload testing . 38 5.5.4 Hydraulic equipment . 39 5.5.5 Pneumatic equipment . 41 5.6 Fixed load lifting attachments . 42 5.6.1 General . 42 5.6.2 Hooks . 43 5.7 Equipment for safeguarding . 44 5.7.1 General . 44 5.7.2 Safety related functions of control systems . 45 5.7.3 Measures to decrease the consequences of loss of drive power . 45 5.7.4 Safety devices to prevent overrunning of movements . 45 5.7.5 Derailment safety device. 46 5.7.6 Provisions to prevent tipping . 47 5.7.7 Storm-locking . 47 5.7.8 Anti-collision device . 47 SIST EN 13135:2013
EN 13135:2013 (E) 3 5.8 Environmental effects . 48 5.8.1 Protection against weakening of material . 48 5.8.2 Temperature . 48 5.9 High risk applications . 49 5.9.1 General . 49 5.9.2 Decreasing of the probability of occurrence of harm . 49 5.9.3 Additional requirements for the transportation of hot molten metal . 51 6 Verification of the safety requirements and/or protective measures . 55 7 Information for use . 59 7.1 General . 59 7.2 Instructions for operation in special situations . 59 7.3 Instructions for installation and maintenance . 59 7.4 Maintenance instructions in the case of high risk applications . 60 7.5 Marking . 60 Annex A (informative)
Selection of a suitable set of crane standards for a given application . 61 Annex B (informative)
Design of rail wheel flanges . 62 Annex C (informative)
Guidance on rope systems . 64 Annex D (informative)
Specification of endurance of equipment. 65 D.1 Basic approach. 65 D.2 Examples of application . 66 D.2.1 Roller bearing . 66 D.2.2 Lifting attachment, fixed or non-fixed . 66 D.2.3 Turnbuckle . 67 D.2.4 Electromechanical component . 67 Annex ZA (informative)
Relationship between this European Standard and the Essential Requirements of EU Directive 2006/42/EC . 68 Bibliography . 69
SIST EN 13135:2013
EN 13135:2013 (E) 4 Foreword This document (EN 13135:2013) has been prepared by Technical Committee CEN/TC 147 “Cranes - Safety”, the secretariat of which is held by BSI. This European Standard shall be given the status of a national standard, either by publication of an identical text or by endorsement, at the latest by August 2013, and conflicting national standards shall be withdrawn at the latest by August 2013. Attention is drawn to the possibility that some of the elements of this document may be the subject of patent rights. CEN [and/or CENELEC] shall not be held responsible for identifying any or all such patent rights. This document supersedes EN 13135-1:2003+A1:2010 and EN 13135-2:2004+A1:2010. This document has been prepared under a mandate given to CEN by the European Commission and the European Free Trade Association, and supports essential requirements of EU Directive(s). For relationship with EU Directive(s), see informative Annex ZA, which is an integral part of this document. Since the previous edition, major changes have been made in 5.2.8, 5.3.3.2, 5.3.3.5, 5.3.6.2, 5.6.2, 5.7.2, 5.9 and in Annex D, which deals with a new issue. There are several updates in standard references, and a number of clauses have been redrafted for reasons of clarity and technical and editorial accuracy. According to the CEN/CENELEC Internal Regulations, the national standards organisations of the following countries are bound to implement this European Standard: Austria, Belgium, Bulgaria, Croatia, Cyprus, Czech Republic, Denmark, Estonia, Finland, Former Yugoslav Republic of Macedonia, France, Germany, Greece, Hungary, Iceland, Ireland, Italy, Latvia, Lithuania, Luxembourg, Malta, Netherlands, Norway, Poland, Portugal, Romania, Slovakia, Slovenia, Spain, Sweden, Switzerland, Turkey and the United Kingdom. SIST EN 13135:2013
EN 13135:2013 (E) 5 Introduction This European Standard is a type C standard as stated in EN ISO 12100.
This European Standard has been prepared to provide one means for equipment of cranes to conform with the essential health and safety requirements of the Machinery Directive.
The machinery concerned and the extent to which hazards, hazardous situations and events are covered are indicated in the scope of this document.
When provisions of this type C standard are different from those which are stated in type A or B standards, the provisions of this type C standard take precedence over the provisions of the other standards, for machines that have been designed and built according to the provisions of this type C standard. SIST EN 13135:2013
EN 13135:2013 (E) 6 1 Scope This European Standard specifies requirements for the design and selection of electrical, mechanical, hydraulic and pneumatic equipment used in all types of cranes and their associated fixed load lifting attachments with the objectives of protecting personnel from hazards affecting their health and safety and of ensuring reliability of function.
NOTE Specific requirements for particular types of cranes, and for load lifting attachments, are given in the appropriate European Standard. The electrical equipment covered by this European Standard commences at the point of connection of the supply to the crane (the crane supply switch) including systems for power supply and control feeders situated outside the crane, e.g. flexible cables, conductor wires or bars, electric motors and cableless controls. The principles to be applied for cranes transporting hazardous loads are given in this standard. Particular requirements are given for cranes transporting hot molten metal. The standard does not cover the detail design of individual items of equipment except with regard to their selection for specific aspects of use. In general, the proof of competence calculations and related strength requirements or safety margins of equipment and components are not covered by this standard. These questions are covered in EN 13001 parts 1 and 2, and in the EN 13001-3 series that is partly under preparation (see Annex A). Exceptionally, some safety margins are given here for items not covered in EN 13001-series. Hazards due to noise are not covered by this standard. They are addressed in safety standards specific to each type of crane. The specific hazards due to potentially explosive atmospheres, ionising radiation, and operation in electromagnetic fields beyond the range of EN 61000-6-2 are not covered by this European Standard. The significant hazards covered by this European Standard are identified in Clause 4. This European Standard is not applicable to cranes, which are manufactured before the date of publication by CEN of this standard. 2 Normative references The following documents, in whole or in part, are normatively referenced in this document and are indispensable for its application. For dated references, only the edition cited applies. For undated references, the latest edition of the referenced document (including any amendments) applies. EN 818-1, Short link chain for lifting purposes — Safety — Part 1: General conditions of acceptance EN 818-7, Short link chain for lifting purposes — Safety — Part 7: Fine tolerance hoist chain, Grade T (Types T, DAT and DT) EN 1037, Safety of machinery — Prevention of unexpected start-up EN 1561, Founding — Grey cast irons EN 12077-2, Cranes safety — Requirements for health and safety — Part 2: Limiting and indicating devices EN 12385-4, Steel wire ropes — Safety — Part 4: Stranded ropes for general lifting applications EN 12644-2, Cranes — Information for use and testing — Part 2: Marking SIST EN 13135:2013
EN 13135:2013 (E) 7 EN 13001-1, Cranes — General design — Part 1: General principles and requirements EN 13001-2, Crane safety — General design — Part 2: Load actions EN 13001-3-1, Cranes — General design — Part 3-1: Limit states and proof competence of steel structure CEN/TS 13001-3-2, Cranes — General design — Part 3-2: Limit states and proof of competence of wire ropes in reeving systems CEN/TS 13001-3-5, Cranes — General design — Part 3-5: Limit states and proof of competence of forged hooks EN 13155, Cranes — Safety — Non-fixed load lifting attachments EN 13411-1, Terminations for steel wire ropes — Safety — Part 1: Thimbles for steel wire rope slings EN 13411-3, Terminations for steel wire ropes — Safety — Part 3: Ferrules and ferrule-securing EN 13411-4, Terminations for steel wire ropes — Safety — Part 4: Metal and resin socketing EN 13411-6, Terminations for steel wire ropes — Safety — Part 6: Asymmetric wedge socket EN 13480-3, Metallic industrial piping — Part 3: Design and calculation EN 13557, Cranes — Controls and control stations EN 60034-1:2010, Rotating electrical machines — Part 1: Rating and performance EN 60204-11, Safety of machinery — Electrical equipment of machines — Part 11: Requirements for HV equipment for voltages above 1 000 V a.c. or 1 500 V d.c. and not exceeding 36 kV EN 60204-32:2008, Safety of machinery — Electrical equipment of machines — Part 32: Requirements for hoisting machines EN ISO 4413, Hydraulic fluid power — General rules and safety requirements for systems and their components (ISO 4413) EN ISO 4414, Pneumatic fluid power — General rules and safety requirements for systems and their components (ISO 4414) EN ISO 12100:2010, Safety of machinery — General principles for design — Risk assessment and risk reduction (ISO 12100:2010) EN ISO 13732-1, Ergonomics of the thermal environment — Methods for the assessment of human responses to contact with surfaces — Part 1: Hot surfaces (ISO 13732-1) EN ISO 13849-1, Safety of machinery — Safety-related parts of control systems — Part 1: General principles for design (ISO 13849-1) EN ISO 13850, Safety of machinery — Emergency stop — Principles for design (ISO 13850) IEC 60364-4-41, Low-voltage electrical installations — Part 4-41: Protection for safety — Protection against electric shock ISO 4306-1:2007, Cranes — Vocabulary — Part 1: General ISO 4309, Cranes — Wire ropes — Care and maintenance, inspection and discard SIST EN 13135:2013
EN 13135:2013 (E) 8 ISO 4347, Leaf chains, clevises and sheaves — Dimensions, measuring forces and tensile strengths ISO 6336-1, Calculation of load capacity of spur and helical gears — Part 1: Basic principles, introduction and general influence factors ISO 6336-2, Calculation of load capacity of spur and helical gears — Part 2: Calculation of surface durability (pitting) ISO 6336-3, Calculation of load capacity of spur and helical gears — Part 3: Calculation of tooth bending strength ISO 6336-5, Calculation of load capacity of spur and helical gears — Part 5: Strength and quality of materials ISO 10300-1, Calculation of load capacity of bevel gears — Part 1: Introduction and general influence factors ISO 10300-2, Calculation of load capacity of bevel gears — Part 2: Calculation of surface durability (pitting) ISO 10300-3, Calculation of load capacity of bevel gears —- Part 3: Calculation of tooth root strength ISO 12482-1, Cranes — Condition monitoring — Part 1: General ISO 12488-1, Cranes — Tolerances for wheels and travel and traversing tracks — Part 1: General ISO/TR 14521, Gears — Calculation of load capacity of wormgears 3 Terms and definitions For the purposes of this standard, the terms and definitions given in EN ISO 12100:2010, ISO 4306-1:2007, EN 60204-32:2008 and the following apply. 3.1 backup brake brake that is additional to the service brake that is able to stop and hold the load Note 1 to entry: A backup brake can have fewer design cycles than the service brake. Note 2 to entry: Such a brake is also known as emergency brake or safety brake. 3.2 backup limiter limiter that is only activated if other (primary) limiting means fail to operate as intended 3.3 belt system system for supporting and moving load or crane part via belt and wheel arrangement, comprising the belts and all the attachments and parts which are in contact with the belts EXAMPLE Belt drive wheels, belts, belt reversing wheels, belt terminations and belt guides. 3.4 breakdown torque of an a.c. motor maximum value of the steady-state asynchronous torque which the motor develops without an abrupt drop in speed, when the motor is supplied at the rated voltage and frequency Note 1 to entry: In case of variable frequency drives, the breakdown torque can be defined in a similar manner for each combination of voltage and frequency. [SOURCE: EN 60034-1:2010, 3.15] SIST EN 13135:2013
EN 13135:2013 (E) 9 3.5 chain system system for supporting and moving load or crane part via chain and wheel arrangement, comprising the chains and all the attachments and parts which are in contact with the chains EXAMPLE Chain drive wheels, chains, chain reversing wheels, chain terminations and chain guides. 3.6 compensating beam beam to equalise forces at the ends of two ropes Note 1 to entry: The amount of compensation is limited by the permitted movement of the beam. 3.7 compensating sheave sheave which performs the function of compensating beam in a continuous rope system Note 1 to entry: The amount of compensation is not limited by the movement of the sheave. 3.8 crane machine for cyclic lifting, or cyclic lifting and moving, of loads suspended on hooks or other load lifting attachments Note 1 to entry: "Suspension" can include additional means fitted to prevent swinging or rotation of the load. 3.9 hoisting mechanism system for supporting and moving load or crane part against gravity, comprising all components from fixed load lifting attachment to the motor 3.10 load bearing chain assembly of load bearing components
3.11 load bearing component mechanical or structural component which is stressed by the hoist load 3.12 load hook device attached to chain, rope, bottom block or lifting attachment from which the load, load handling devices or slings can be suspended 3.13 load suspension system common term for belt, chain and rope systems employed to suspend a load 3.14 low-voltage electrical equipment electrical equipment operating with voltages not exceeding 1 000 V a.c. or 1 500 V d.c. 3.15 maximum motor speed maximum motor speed during operation between the rated speed and the mechanical limit speed 3.16 mechanical limit speed of the motor speed above which the motor can suffer mechanical damage SIST EN 13135:2013
EN 13135:2013 (E) 10 3.17 multi-plate hook load hook consisting of several plates EXAMPLE Typically used for transporting hot molten substances. 3.18 rated capacity for lifting attachment rated load for lifting attachment and maximum load that the lifting attachment is designed to lift 3.19 rated capacity rated load maximum net load that the crane is designed to lift for a given crane configuration, load location and operating condition Note 1 to entry: For mobile cranes, replace net load in the definition by hoist medium load. Note 2 to entry: For net load and hoist medium load, see ISO 4306-1. 3.20 rated speed of motor speed corresponding to the rating of the motor used Note 1 to entry: For variable speed drives, the following also applies: Maximum speed of the motor at which it is still able to supply its rated torque. 3.21 redundant multiple arrangement of components and/or sub-assemblies arranged so that if one of the components or sub-assemblies fails, the function is still operational Note 1 to entry: The function may be with limited performance. 3.22 rope anchorage arrangement comprising the parts between the rope termination and the fixed load bearing structure EXAMPLE Pins, bolts, compensating beams, tension rods. 3.23 rope sheave wheel which supports the rope and can change the direction of the rope without change of the rope force, except minor losses due to the efficiency of the rope sheave system 3.24 rope system system for supporting and moving load or crane part via rope and sheave arrangement, comprising the ropes and all the attachments and parts which are in contact with the ropes EXAMPLE Wire ropes, sheaves, compensating sheaves, rope terminations and rope guides. Note 1 to entry: Rope attachment on the drum is included but the rope drum itself is outside of this definition. 3.25 rope termination equipment to connect the end of the rope to a rope anchorage SIST EN 13135:2013
EN 13135:2013 (E) 11 3.26 self-locking braking device braking device whose braking effect is accomplished solely as a result of movement to be braked 3.27 single failure proof hoisting mechanism hoisting mechanism comprising several parallel chains of components, arranged so that in case of failure of any single component in the total mechanism, the hoisted mass is not dropped Note 1 to entry: After the failure, the mechanism is not necessarily functional as such. 3.28 single-plate hook load hook made from a single steel plate 3.29 vertical movement movement of hoist load or of a crane part, where the slope of the path of the moved mass is 5 % or steeper in relation to horizontal level 4 List of significant hazards Table 1 contains all the significant hazards, hazardous situations and events, as far as they are dealt with in this standard, identified by risk assessment as significant for equipment within the scope of this standard, and which require action to eliminate or reduce the risk. Requirements set for equipment included in this standard do not necessarily cover all hazards, which can occur due to installation of equipment into a crane. Such hazards should be evaluated and actions taken in the design of the crane. SIST EN 13135:2013
EN 13135:2013 (E) 12 Table 1 — List of hazards No. Type or group Origin (sources) Subclause of this standard 1 Mechanical hazards Contact of a person with the crane or its moving parts 5.3.5.1; 5.4.2.1; 5.5.2.2; 5.5.2.3; 5.5.4.4.2; 5.5.5.5.1; 5.7.4; 5.7.8 Contact of a person with a swaying or dropping load 5.3.4.4; 5.5.2.2; 5.6.1; 5.6.2; 5.7.8; 5.9.2.3 Contact of a person with falling parts 5.4.2.1; 5.3.5.2 Contact with moving transmission parts or other moving or rotating machine parts 5.3.6.1; 5.3.7.1; 5.3.8.1; 5.3.8.3; 5.5.2.2; 5.5.2.3 Projection of high pressure fluids 5.5.1; 5.5.2.3; 5.5.4.4.2 Sharp edges 5.3.6.6.1; 5.3.8.3;
Rough or slippery surfaces 5.7.4; 5.7.7 Contact of a person with bursting parts due to exceeding of kinetic energy 5.7.4 Contact of a person with ejected objects 5.2.8.4; 5.5.2.3 Loss of stability or overturning of crane 5.3.5.1; 5.4.2.3; 5.7.4; 5.7.5; 5.7.6; 5.7.7, 5.7.8 Fitting together parts, which should not be fitted or fitting parts in a wrong order. 5.4.2.3 2
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SLOVENSKI STANDARD
oSIST prEN 13135:2011
01-julij-2011
äHUMDYL9DUQRVW1DþUWRYDQMH=DKWHYH]DRSUHPR
Cranes - Safety - Design - Requirements for equipment
Krane - Sicherheit - Konstruktion - Anforderungen an die Ausrüstungen
Appareils de levage à charge suspendue - Sécurité - Conception - Prescriptions relatives
à l'équipement
Ta slovenski standard je istoveten z: prEN 13135 rev
ICS:
53.020.20 Dvigala Cranes
oSIST prEN 13135:2011 en,fr,de
2003-01.Slovenski inštitut za standardizacijo. Razmnoževanje celote ali delov tega standarda ni dovoljeno.
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oSIST prEN 13135:2011
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oSIST prEN 13135:2011
EUROPEAN STANDARD
DRAFT
prEN 13135 rev
NORME EUROPÉENNE
EUROPÄISCHE NORM
April 2011
ICS 53.020.20 Will supersede EN 13135-1:2003+A1:2010
English Version
Cranes - Safety - Design - Requirements for equipment
Appareils de levage à charge suspendue - Sécurité - Krane - Sicherheit - Konstruktion - Anforderungen an die
Conception - Prescriptions relatives à l'équipement Ausrüstungen
This draft European Standard is submitted to CEN members for enquiry. It has been drawn up by the Technical Committee CEN/TC 147.
If this draft becomes a European Standard, CEN members are bound to comply with the CEN/CENELEC Internal Regulations which
stipulate the conditions for giving this European Standard the status of a national standard without any alteration.
This draft European Standard was established by CEN in three official versions (English, French, German). A version in any other language
made by translation under the responsibility of a CEN member into its own language and notified to the CEN-CENELEC Management
Centre has the same status as the official versions.
CEN members are the national standards bodies of Austria, Belgium, Bulgaria, Croatia, Cyprus, Czech Republic, Denmark, Estonia,
Finland, France, Germany, Greece, Hungary, Iceland, Ireland, Italy, Latvia, Lithuania, Luxembourg, Malta, Netherlands, Norway, Poland,
Portugal, Romania, Slovakia, Slovenia, Spain, Sweden, Switzerland and United Kingdom.
Recipients of this draft are invited to submit, with their comments, notification of any relevant patent rights of which they are aware and to
provide supporting documentation.
Warning : This document is not a European Standard. It is distributed for review and comments. It is subject to change without notice and
shall not be referred to as a European Standard.
EUROPEAN COMMITTEE FOR STANDARDIZATION
COMITÉ EUROPÉEN DE NORMALISATION
EUROPÄISCHES KOMITEE FÜR NORMUNG
Management Centre: Avenue Marnix 17, B-1000 Brussels
© 2011 CEN All rights of exploitation in any form and by any means reserved Ref. No. prEN 13135 rev:2011: E
worldwide for CEN national Members.
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Contents Page
Foreword .4
Introduction .5
1 Scope .6
2 Normative references .6
3 Terms and definitions .8
4 List of significant hazards . 11
5 Safety requirements and/or protective measures . 15
5.1 General . 15
5.2 Electrical equipment . 15
5.2.1 General . 15
5.2.2 Physical environment and operating conditions . 16
5.2.3 Electrical supply . 16
5.2.4 Protection against electric shock by direct contact . 16
5.2.5 Control circuits and control functions . 16
5.2.6 Operator interface and mounted control devices . 17
5.2.7 Power driven motions . 17
5.2.8 Selection of motors . 17
5.3 Mechanical equipment . 25
5.3.1 General . 25
5.3.2 Clutches and couplings . 25
5.3.3 Service brake . 25
5.3.4 Gear drives . 28
5.3.5 Wheels on rails . 29
5.3.6 Rope systems . 29
5.3.7 Chain systems . 32
5.3.8 Belt systems . 33
5.3.9 Adjustment rods . 35
5.3.10 Compensating means . 35
5.4 Structures associated with mechanical equipment . 35
5.4.1 Structures . 35
5.4.2 Structural equipment . 36
5.5 Fluid power systems . 37
5.5.1 Controls and control devices of fluid power systems . 37
5.5.2 Protective measures . 37
5.5.3 Overload testing. 38
5.5.4 Hydraulic equipment . 38
5.5.5 Pneumatic equipment . 41
5.6 Fixed load lifting attachments . 42
5.6.1 General . 42
5.6.2 Hooks . 42
5.7 Equipment for safeguarding . 43
5.7.1 General . 43
5.7.2 Safety related functions of control systems . 44
5.7.3 Measures to decrease the consequences of loss of drive power . 44
5.7.4 Safety device to prevent overrunning of the end positions . 44
5.7.5 Derailment safety device . 45
5.7.6 Provisions to prevent tipping . 46
5.7.7 Crane shutdown . 46
5.7.8 Anti-collision device . 46
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5.8 Environmental effects . 47
5.8.1 Protection against weakening of material . 47
5.8.2 Temperature . 47
5.9 High risk applications . 48
5.9.1 General . 48
5.9.2 Measures to decrease the probability of occurrence of harm . 48
5.9.3 Additional requirements for the transportation of hot molten metal . 50
6 Verification of the safety requirements and/or protective measures . 54
7 Information for use . 57
7.1 General . 57
7.2 Instructions for operation in special situations . 58
7.3 Instructions for installation and maintenance. 58
7.4 Maintenance instructions in the case of increased severity of possible harms . 58
7.5 Marking . 59
Annex A (informative) Selection of a suitable set of crane standards for a given application . 60
Annex B (informative) Cross list of vocabulary . 61
Annex C (normative) Design of rail wheel flanges . 63
Annex D (informative) Guidance on rope systems . 66
Annex E (informative) Specification of endurance of equipment . 67
E.1 Basic approach . 67
E.2 Examples of application . 69
E.2.1 Roller bearing . 69
E.2.2 Lifting attachment, fixed or non-fixed . 69
E.2.3 Turnbuckle . 69
E.2.4 Electromechanical component . 69
Annex ZA (informative) Relation between this European Standard and the Essential
Requirements of EU Directive 2006/42/EC . 71
Bibliography . 72
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Foreword
This document (prEN 13135:2011) has been prepared by Technical Committee CEN/TC 147 “Cranes -
Safety”, the secretariat of which is held by BSI.
This document is currently submitted to the CEN Enquiry.
This document will supersede EN 13135-1:2003+A1:2010.
This document has been prepared under a mandate given to CEN by the European Commission and the
European Free Trade Association, and supports essential requirements of EU Directive(s).
For relationship with EU Directive, see informative Annex ZA, which is an integral part of this document.
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Introduction
This European Standard is a type C standard.
This European Standard has been prepared to provide one means for equipment of cranes to conform with
the essential health and safety requirements of the Machinery Directive.
The machinery concerned and the extent to which hazards, hazardous situations and events are covered are
indicated in the scope of this document.
When provisions of this type C standard are different from those, which are stated in type A or B standards,
the provisions of this type C standard take precedence over the provisions of the other standards, for
machines that have been designed and built according to the provisions of this type C standard.
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1 Scope
This European Standard specifies requirements for the design and selection of electrical, mechanical,
hydraulic and pneumatic equipment used in all types of cranes and their associated fixed load lifting
attachments with the objectives of protecting personnel from hazards affecting their health and safety and of
ensuring reliability of function.
NOTE Specific requirements for particular types of cranes, and for load lifting attachments, are given in the
appropriate European standard.
The electrical equipment covered by this European Standard commences at the point of connection of the
supply to the crane (the crane supply switch) including systems for power supply and control feeders situated
outside the crane, e.g. flexible cables, conductor wires or bars, electric motors and cable less controls.
The standard does not cover the detail design of individual items of equipment except with regard to their
selection for specific aspects of use.
The principles to be applied for cranes transporting hazardous loads are given in this standard. Particular
requirements are given for cranes transporting hot molten metal.
In general, the proof of competence calculations and related strength requirements or safety margins of
equipment and components are not presented in this standard. These questions are covered in EN 13001-1
and -2, and in EN 13001-3 -series that is partly under preparation, see Annex A. Exceptionally some safety
margins are given here for items not covered in EN 13001-series.
Hazards due to noise are not covered by this standard. They are addressed in safety standards specific to
each type of crane.
The specific hazards due to potentially explosive atmospheres, ionising radiation, and operation in
electromagnetic fields beyond the range of EN 61000-6-2 are not covered by this European Standard.
The significant hazards covered by this European Standard are identified in clause 4.
This European standard is not applicable to cranes, which are manufactured before the date of publication by
CEN of this standard.
2 Normative references
The following referenced documents are indispensable for the application of this document. For dated
references, only the edition cited applies. For undated references, the latest edition of the referenced
document (including any amendments) applies.
EN 818-1, Short link chain for lifting purposes — Safety — Part 1: General conditions of acceptance
EN 818-7, Short link chain for lifting purposes — Safety — Part 7: Fine tolerance hoist chain, Grade T (Types
T, DAT and DT)
EN 1037, Safety of machinery — Prevention of unexpected start-up
EN 12077-2, Cranes safety — Requirements for health and safety — Part 2: Limiting and indicating devices
EN 12385-4, Steel wire ropes — Safety — Part 4: Stranded ropes for general lifting applications
EN 12644-1, Cranes — Information for use and testing — Part 1: Instructions
EN 13001-1, Cranes — General design - Part 1: General principles and requirements
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EN 13001-2, Crane safety — General design — Part 2: Load effects
prEN 13001-3-1, Cranes — General design — Part 3-1: Limit states and proof of competence of steel
structures
CEN/TS 13001-3-5, Cranes — General design — Part 3-5: Limit states and proof of competence of forged
hooks
EN 13155, Cranes — Safety — Non-fixed load lifting attachments
EN 13411-1, Terminations for steel wire ropes — Safety — Part 1: Thimbles for steel wire rope slings
EN 13411-3, Terminations for steel wire ropes — Safety — Part 3: Ferrules and ferrule-securing
EN 13411-4, Terminations for steel wire ropes — Safety — Part 4: Metal and resin socketing
EN 13411-6, Terminations for steel wire ropes — Safety — Part 6: Asymmetric wedge socket
EN 13480-3, Metallic industrial piping — Part 3: Design and calculation
EN 13557, Cranes — Controls and control stations
EN 60204-11, Safety of machinery — Electrical equipment of machines — Part 11: Requirements for HV
equipment for voltages above 1 000 V a.c. or 1 500 V d.c. and not exceeding 36 kV
EN 60204-32:2008, Safety of machinery — Electrical equipment of machines — Part 32: Requirements for
hoisting machines
EN ISO 4413: 2010, Hydraulic fluid power — General rules and safety requirements for systems and their
components (ISO 4413)
EN ISO 4414, Pneumatic fluid power — General rules and safety requirements for systems and their
components (ISO 4414)
EN ISO 12100, Safety of machinery — General principles for design — Risk assessment and risk reduction
(ISO 12100)
EN ISO 13732-1, Ergonomics of the thermal environment — Methods for the assessment of human
responses to contact with surfaces — Part 1: Hot surfaces (ISO 13732-1)
EN ISO 13849-1, Safety of machinery — Safety-related parts of control systems — Part 1: General principles
for design (ISO 13849-1)
EN ISO 13850, Safety of machinery — Emergency stop — Principles for design (ISO 13850)
IEC 60364-4-41, CLC/TC 64 Low-voltage electrical installations — Part 4-41: Protection for safety —
Protection against electric shock
ISO 2943, Hydraulic fluid power — Filter elements — Verification of material compatibility with fluids
ISO 4306-1, Cranes — Vocabulary — Part 1: General
ISO 4309, Cranes — Wire ropes — Care and maintenance, inspection and discard
ISO 4347, Leaf chains, clevises and sheaves — Dimensions, measuring forces and tensile strengths
ISO 6336-1, Calculation of load capacity of spur and helical gears — Part 1: Basic principles, introduction and
general influence factors
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ISO 6336-2, Calculation of load capacity of spur and helical gears — Part 2: Calculation of surface durability
(pitting)
ISO 6336-3, Calculation of load capacity of spur and helical gears — Part 3: Calculation of tooth bending
strength
ISO 6336-5, Calculation of load capacity of spur and helical gears — Part 5: Strength and quality of materials
ISO 7745, Hydraulic fluid power — Fire-resistant (FR) fluids — Requirements and guidelines for use
ISO 10300-1, Calculation of load capacity of bevel gears — Part 1: Introduction and general influence factors
ISO 10300-2, Calculation of load capacity of bevel gears — Part 2: Calculation of surface durability (pitting)
ISO 10300-3, Calculation of load capacity of bevel gears —- Part 3: Calculation of tooth root strength
ISO 12482-1, Cranes — Condition monitoring — Part 1: General
ISO 12488-1, Cranes — Tolerances for wheels and travel and traversing tracks — Part 1: General
ISO/TR 14521, Gears — Calculation of load capacity of worm gears
3 Terms and definitions
For the purposes of this standard, the terms and definitions given in ISO 4306-1, EN 60204-32 and the
following apply.
3.1
backup brake
additional brake to the service brake that is able to stop and hold the load
NOTE 1 A backup brake can have less design cycles than the service brake.
NOTE 2 Such a brake is also known as emergency brake or safety brake.
3.2
belt system
system for supporting and moving loads via belt and wheel arrangements, comprising all the attachments and
parts which transmit the force to the driving mechanism, for example, belt drive wheels, belts, belt reversing
wheels, belt terminations and belt guides.
3.3
breakdown torque (of an a.c. motor)
maximum value of the steady-state asynchronous torque which the motor develops without an abrupt drop in
speed, when the motor is supplied at the rated voltage and frequency
NOTE In case of variable frequency drives, the breakdown torque can be defined in a similar manner for each
combination of voltage and frequency.
[EN 60034-1:1999, definition 2.15]
3.4
chain system
system for supporting and moving loads via chain and wheel arrangements, comprising all the attachments
and parts which transmit the force to the driving mechanism, for example, chain drive wheels, chains, chain
reversing wheels, chain terminations and chain guides.
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3.5
compensating lever
beam to equalise forces in the ends of two ropes. The amount of compensation is limited by the permitted
movement of the lever
3.6
compensating sheave
sheave which performs the compensating lever function in a single rope system. The amount of compensation
is not limited by the movement of the sheave
3.7
crane
machine for cyclic lifting, or cyclic lifting and handling, of loads suspended on hooks or other load lifting
attachments, whether manufactured to an individual design, in series, or from prefabricated components
NOTE "Suspension" can include additional means fitted to prevent swinging or rotation of the load.
3.8
fixed load-lifting attachment
equipment, being part of the crane, from which the load or the non-fixed load lifting attachment is supported
and which is permanently fastened to the hoist medium(s) (e.g. rope, chain) such as hooks, fixed build-in
grabs, traverses, tongs
3.9
load hook
device attached to chain, rope, pulley block or lifting attachment from which the load, load handling devices or
slings can be suspended
3.10
load suspension system
common term for belt, chain and rope systems
3.11
low-voltage electrical equipment
electrical equipment operating with voltages not exceeding 1000 V a.c. or 1500 V d.c.
3.12
maximum motor speed
maximum motor speed during operation between the rated speed and the mechanical limit speed
3.13
maximum static force/torque
force/torque created at a particular point of the force flow due to gravity applied to the mechanism, taking into
account:
the gross load;
the given operating conditions e.g. configuration, position of the load;
reeving;
unfavourable effect of the efficiency coefficient of the reeving system
3.14
mechanical limit speed of the motor
speed above which the motor can be damaged
3.15
multi-plate hook
load hook consisting of several plates principally used for transporting hot molten masses
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3.16
rated capacity for crane
load that the crane is designed to lift for a given operating condition e.g. configuration, position of the load
3.17
rated capacity for lifting attachment
load that the lifting attachment is designated to lift
3.18
rated load
force vector provided by gravity applied to the mass equal to the rated capacity
3.19
rated torque of motor (M )
n
torque to which the motor may be loaded without its thermal limit exceeded when used according to its
specified utilisation
3.20
rated speed of motor
speed corresponding to the rating of the motor used
NOTE For variable speed drives the following also applies: Maximum speed of the motor at which it is still able to
supply its rated torque.
3.21
redundant, redundancy
multiple arrangement of components and/or sub-assemblies arranged so that if one of the components or sub-
assemblies fails, the function is still available
3.22
rope anchorage
arrangement comprising the parts between the rope termination and the major load bearing structure, e.g.
pins, bolts, compensating levers, tension rods
3.23
rope sheave
wheel which supports the rope and can change the direction of the rope without change of the rope force,
except minor losses due to the efficiency of the rope sheave system
3.24
rope system
device for supporting and moving loads via rope and sheave arrangements, comprising all the attachments
and parts which transmit the force to the driving mechanism, for example, wire ropes, sheaves, compensating
sheaves, rope terminations and rope guides
3.25
rope termination
equipment to connect the end of the rope to a rope anchorage
3.26
self-locking brake
brake whose braking effect is accomplished solely by movement of the motion to be braked
3.27
single failure proof mechanism
hoisting mechanism comprising of several parallel, similar chains of components, arranged so that in case of
failure of any single component in the total mechanism, the hoisted load is not lost
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3.28
(single-)plate hook
load hook made from steel plate
3.29
vertical movement
movement of hoist load or of a crane part, where the slope of the path of the moved mass is 3% or steeper in
relation to horizontal level
4 List of significant hazards
Table 1 contains all the significant hazards, hazardous situations and events, as far as they are dealt with in
this standard, identified by risk assessment as significant for equipment within the scope of this standard, and
which require action to eliminate or reduce the risk.
NOTE Requirements set for equipment included in this standard do not necessarily cover all hazards, which may occur due to
installation of equipment into a crane. Such hazards should be evaluated and actions taken in the design of the crane.
Table 1 — List of hazards
No. Hazard Hazardous event or accident Relevant clause(s)
scenario in this standard
1. Mechanical
hazards
1.1– Crushing and Contact of a person with the crane 5.4.2.1; 5.7.4; 5.7.8
1.2 shearing hazards or its moving parts
Contact of a person with a 5.3.4.4; 5.6.1; 5.6.2;
swaying or dropping load 5.7.8; 5.9
1.3, Cutting or severing Contact with moving transmission 5.3.6.1; 5.3.7.1;
hazards parts or other moving or rotating 5.3.8.1
1.5 machine parts
Drawing-in or
trapping hazard
1.9 High pressure fluid Projection of high pressure fluids 5.5.1; 5.7.4.2; 5.7.4.3;
injection or ejection 5.7.5; 5.7.4; 5.7.7
hazard
2. Electrical hazards
2.1 Contact of persons Elec
...
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