SIST EN 14024:2005
(Main)Metal profiles with thermal barrier - Mechanical performance - Requirements, proof and tests for assessment
Metal profiles with thermal barrier - Mechanical performance - Requirements, proof and tests for assessment
This European Standard specifies requirements for assessment of the mechanical strength of metal profiles incorporating a thermal barrier. It also specifies the tests to determine the characteristic values of mechanical properties of the thermal barrier profile and to assess the suitability of the thermal barrier material used.
This European Standard applies to thermal barrier profiles designed mainly for windows, doors, window walls and curtain walls. It does not apply to thermal barriers made only of metal profiles connected with metal pins or screws.
Thermal barrier profiles are used in various fields of applications and demand a differing assessment of their mechanical performance depending on their intended use. This European Standard takes this into account by two fields of application: one for windows, doors and related components and one for profiles in façades.
Metallprofile mit thermischer Trennung - Mechanisches Leistungsverhalten - Anforderungen, Nachweis und Prüfungen für die Beurteilung
Profilés métalliques a rupture de pont thermique - Performances mécaniques - Exigences, preuve et essais pour évaluation
La présente norme européenne spécifie les exigences pour l'évaluation de la résistance mécanique des profilés métalliques a rupture de pont thermique. Elle spécifie également les essais destinés a déterminer les valeurs caractéristiques des propriétés mécaniques des profilés a rupture de pont thermique et a évaluer l'aptitude a l'emploi du matériau utilisé pour la coupure thermique.
La présente norme européenne s'applique aux profilés a rupture de pont thermique conçus principalement pour les fenetres, les portes, les panneaux de verre et les murs rideaux. Elle ne s'applique pas aux coupures thermiques constituées uniquement de liaisons métalliques ponctuelles ou par des vis.
Les profilés a rupture de pont thermique sont utilisés dans un vaste champ d'applications et demandent une évaluation différente de leurs performances mécaniques en fonction de l'utilisation prévue. Cette norme européenne tient compte de cet élément par deux champs d'application : l'un pour les fenetres, les portes et les éléments connexes et un autre pour les profilés de façade.
Kovinski profili s prekinjenim toplotnim mostom - Mehanske lastnosti - Zahteve, izračuni in preskušanja
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2003-01.Slovenski inštitut za standardizacijo. Razmnoževanje celote ali delov tega standarda ni dovoljeno.Metallprofile mit thermischer Trennung - Mechanisches Leistungsverhalten - Anforderungen, Nachweis und Prüfungen für die BeurteilungProfilés métalliques a rupture de pont thermique - Performances mécaniques - Exigences, preuve et essais pour évaluationMetal profiles with thermal barrier - Mechanical performance - Requirements, proof and tests for assessment91.060.50Vrata in oknaDoors and windows91.060.10Stene. Predelne stene. FasadeWalls. Partitions. FacadesICS:Ta slovenski standard je istoveten z:EN 14024:2004SIST EN 14024:2005en01-januar-2005SIST EN 14024:2005SLOVENSKI
STANDARD
SIST EN 14024:2005
EUROPEAN STANDARDNORME EUROPÉENNEEUROPÄISCHE NORMEN 14024October 2004ICS 91.060.10; 91.060.50 English versionMetal profiles with thermal barrier - Mechanical performance -Requirements, proof and tests for assessmentProfilés métalliques à rupture de pont thermique -Performances mécaniques - Exigences, preuve et essaispour évaluationMetallprofile mit thermischer Trennung - MechanischesLeistungsverhalten - Anforderungen, Nachweis undPrüfungen für die BeurteilungThis European Standard was approved by CEN on 29 July 2004.CEN members are bound to comply with the CEN/CENELEC Internal Regulations which stipulate the conditions for giving this EuropeanStandard the status of a national standard without any alteration. Up-to-date lists and bibliographical references concerning such nationalstandards may be obtained on application to the Central Secretariat or to any CEN member.This European Standard exists in three official versions (English, French, German). A version in any other language made by translationunder the responsibility of a CEN member into its own language and notified to the Central Secretariat has the same status as the officialversions.CEN members are the national standards bodies of Austria, Belgium, Cyprus, Czech Republic, Denmark, Estonia, Finland, France,Germany, Greece, Hungary, Iceland, Ireland, Italy, Latvia, Lithuania, Luxembourg, Malta, Netherlands, Norway, Poland, Portugal, Slovakia,Slovenia, Spain, Sweden, Switzerland and United Kingdom.EUROPEAN COMMITTEE FOR STANDARDIZATIONCOMITÉ EUROPÉEN DE NORMALISATIONEUROPÄISCHES KOMITEE FÜR NORMUNGManagement Centre: rue de Stassart, 36
B-1050 Brussels© 2004 CENAll rights of exploitation in any form and by any means reservedworldwide for CEN national Members.Ref. No. EN 14024:2004: ESIST EN 14024:2005
EN 14024:2004 (E) 2 Contents page Foreword.4 1 Scope.5 2 Normative references.5 3 Terms, definitions and symbols.5 4 Requirements.8 4.1 General.8 4.2 Material of the thermal barrier.9 4.3 Mechanical resistance.9 4.4 Static proof.10 5 Tests.11 5.1 General.11 5.2 Suitability of the thermal barrier material.11 5.3 Transverse tensile strength (Q).12 5.4 Shear strength and elasticity constant (T, c).13 5.5 Ageing.15 5.6 Characteristic values.18 5.7 Test report.20 Annex A (informative)
Static proof.22 Annex B (informative)
Extrapolation of characteristic data.25 Annex C (informative)
Effective momentum of inertia of thermal barrier profiles.27 Bibliography.29
Figures Figure 1 — Schematic diagram of mechanical design systems.6 Figure 2 — Examples of geometric design types.7 Figure 3 — Transfer of the self-weight of the infill element to the vertical profile by mechanical means.9 Figure 4 — Side view and front view of a test device (schematic) for determining the transverse tensile strength.13 Figure 5 — Test device for determining shear strength and elasticity constant (schematic).14 Figure 6 — Test device (schematic) for ageing method 1.16 Figure 7 — Method 1: Measurement of the remaining deformation.16 Figure 8 — Test device (schematic) for ageing method 2.17 Figure 9 — Method 2: Load cycle.17 Figure 10 — Method 2: Temperature cycle (12 h).18 Figure 11 — Method 2: Measurement of the remaining deformation.18 Figure B.1 — Schematic representation of thermal barriers.26 SIST EN 14024:2005
EN 14024:2004 (E) 3 Figure C.1 — Schematic representation of profile with thermal barrier.27 Tables Table 1 — Characteristic values for mechanical resistance.10 Table 2 — Ageing procedure.15 Table 3 — Suitability of the thermal barrier material.20 Table 4 — Characteristic values to be reported.21
SIST EN 14024:2005
EN 14024:2004 (E) 4 Foreword This document (EN 14024:2004) has been prepared by Technical Committee CEN/TC 33 “Doors, windows, shutters, building hardware and curtain walling”, the secretariat of which is held by AFNOR. This European Standard shall be given the status of a national standard, either by publication of an identical text or by endorsement, at the latest by April 2005, and conflicting national standards shall be withdrawn at the latest by April 2005. This text includes a Bibliography. According to the CEN/CENELEC Internal Regulations, the national standards organizations of the following countries are bound to implement this European Standard: Austria, Belgium, Cyprus, Czech Republic, Denmark, Estonia, Finland, France, Germany, Greece, Hungary, Iceland, Ireland, Italy, Latvia, Lithuania, Luxembourg, Malta, Netherlands, Norway, Poland, Portugal, Slovakia, Slovenia, Spain, Sweden, Switzerland and United Kingdom. SIST EN 14024:2005
EN 14024:2004 (E) 5 1 Scope This document specifies requirements for assessment of the mechanical strength of metal profiles incorporating a thermal barrier. It also specifies the tests to determine the characteristic values of mechanical properties of the thermal barrier profile and to assess the suitability of the thermal barrier material used. This document applies to thermal barrier profiles designed mainly for windows, doors, window walls and curtain walls. It does not apply to thermal barriers made only of metal profiles connected with metal pins or screws. Thermal barrier profiles are used in various fields of applications and demand a differing assessment of their mechanical performance depending on their intended use. This document takes this into account by two fields of application: one for windows, doors and related components and one for profiles in façades. 2 Normative references The following referenced documents are indispensable for the application of this document. For dated references, only the edition cited applies. For undated references, the latest edition of the referenced document (including any amendments) applies. EN ISO 4600, Plastics – Determination of environmental stress cracking (ESC) – Ball or pin impression method (ISO 4600:1992).
3 Terms, definitions and symbols For the purposes of this document, the following terms, definitions and symbols apply. 3.1 thermal barrier profile profile composed of two or more metal sections connected by at least one thermally insulating (non-metallic) part NOTE 1 The thermal barrier contributes to load transmission. NOTE 2 The thermal barrier can be continuous or in parts. 3.2 Use categories 3.2.1 category W thermal barrier profiles mainly designed for windows, doors and secondary constituent parts of curtain walls NOTE Thermal barrier profiles designed for windows and doors do not usually require proof by calculation for mechanical resistance. 3.2.2 category CW thermal barrier profiles mainly designed for the constituent parts of curtain walls with spans greater than 2,25 m NOTE Constituent parts of curtain walls usually need proof by calculation relating to mechanical resistance and deflection. SIST EN 14024:2005
EN 14024:2004 (E) 6 3.2.3 temperature categories two temperature categories, defined and to be chosen according to the intended use Temperature category Low test temperature LT High test temperature HT TC 1 (-10 ± 2) °C (70 ± 3) °C TC 2 (-20 ± 2) °C (80 ± 3) °C
NOTE Temperature category TC 2 includes temperature category TC 1. 3.3 Mechanical design systems 3.3.1 type A system system which is designed to transfer shear and in which shear failure will not negatively affect the transverse tensile strength 3.3.2 type B system system which is designed to transfer shear and in which shear failure will negatively affect the transverse tensile strength 3.3.3 type O system system which is designed to transfer no shear to the thermal barrier or profile which has an insufficient shear strength
a) Type A system b) Type B system c) Type O system Key 1
Thermal barrier 2
Metal Figure 1 — Schematic diagram of mechanical design systems SIST EN 14024:2005
EN 14024:2004 (E) 7 3.4 Geometric design types 3.4.1 type 1 profile profile in which the load is symmetric (see Figure 2a)) or near to symmetry, i.e. the eccentricity of the load a/b does not exceed the value 5 (see Figure 2b) and c)) 3.4.2 type 2 profile profile in which the load is asymmetric, i.e. all profiles not covered by type 1 (see Figure 2d), e), f) and g))
a) symmetrically loaded profile (type 1) b) and c) near symmetrically loaded profiles with eccentricity a/b ≤ 5 (type 1) d) and e) asymmetrically loaded profiles with eccentricity a/b > 5 (type 2) f) and g) non-symmetric profiles (type 2) Key 1
Thermal barrier profile 2
Infill elements (i.e. glass or panels) 3
Line load Figure 2 — Examples of geometric design types
SIST EN 14024:2005
EN 14024:2004 (E) 8 3.5 Symbols and indexes Symbol Meaning Unit Q transverse tensile strength N/mm T shear strength N/mm c elasticity constant N/mm² l length of the test specimen mm f deformation mm ∆h deformation mm F force N
A1 design factor for type B
A2 creep factor
Indexes
c characteristic value which has a 95% chance of being exceeded based on a logarithmic normal distribution with 75% confidence
N new, before artificial ageing
M1 after artificial ageing, method 1
M2 after artificial ageing, method 2
M3 after artificial ageing, method 3
mean mean value
req required
max maximum
LT low temperature
RT room temperature
HT high temperature
4 Requirements 4.1 General For assessing the shear depending on the thermal barrier systems, three types A, B and O (see 3.3) shall be distinguished. Because of the intrinsic safety of type A, shear and tensile strength may be considered independently, whereas type B requires an assessment under superposition of loads. The transverse tensile strength of type A and type O shall be determined after simulated shear failure. For type O only the transverse tensile strength shall be determined, no shear strength and elasticity constant will be given. Permanent loads which stress the thermal barrier are not covered by this document with the following exceptions: a) the tension (transversal tensile stress) caused by conventional glazing systems with preformed seals; SIST EN 14024:2005
EN 14024:2004 (E) 9 b) in the case of type A or type B systems the shear stress in the vertical profile caused by the self-weight of the infill element. The transfer of the load from the horizontal profile to the vertical profile by mechanical means is required (see Figure 3).
a) horizontal profile section b) front view of a frame Key 1
Self-weight of infill element 2
Mechanical means (mechanical edge connection) 3
Transferred self-weight Figure 3 — Transfer of the self-weight of the infill element to the vertical profile by mechanical means 4.2 Material of the thermal barrier Thermal barrier composed of non-metallic materials, e.g. PA or PU based systems or improved synthetic materials, shall be tested in accordance with 5.2. The aim of the test procedures is to assess the thermal barrier material independently of the shape of the thermal barrier and of the profile design. Materials used for the thermal barrier shall conform to the following requirements: a) the characteristic value of transverse tensile strength after immersion in water (see 5.2.2) or after exposure to humidity (see 5.2.3) shall correspond to Qreq given in Table 1 depending on the category of use. The decrease of the characteristic value shall not exceed 30 % as compared to QcN at the corresponding temperature; b) customary window and facade cleaning agents or cutting and drilling oils shall not cause tensile cracks (see 5.2.4); c) exposure to sudden stress (see 5.2.5) shall not cause decrease in characteristic value of transverse tensile strength of more than 30 % as compared to QcNRT. 4.3 Mechanical resistance Depending on the category of use of the profile and the type of the thermal barrier system (geometry and technology) the characteristic values of the mechanical resistance shall conform to the requirements of Table 1. EXAMPLE QcM1LT ≥ Qreq in category CW means that the characteristic transverse tensile strength after ageing method 1 determined at low temperature LT should be not less than 20 N/mm. SIST EN 14024:2005
EN 14024:2004 (E) 10
Table 1 — Requirements for strength and deformation Category W Category CW Type Qreq = 12 N/mm Qreq= 20 N/mm Geometry 1 (symmetric) A+B TcNRT ≥ 24 N/mm Proof according to 4.4
Ageing method 1 ∆h ≤ 1 mm QcM1LT ≥ Qreq
QcM1HT ≥ Qreq Ageing method 2 f ≤ 2 mm
QcM2RT ≥ 12 N/mm TcM2RT ≥ 24 N/mm Ageing method 1 ∆h ≤1 mm
QcM1LT ≥ Qreq QcM1HT ≥ Qreq Ageing method 3 A2 O
Proof according to 4.4
Ageing method 1 ∆h ≤ 1 mm
QcM1LT ≥ Qreq QcM1HT ≥ Qreq Ageing method 2 f ≤ 2 mm
QcM2RT ≥ 12 N/mm
Ageing method 1 ∆h ≤1 mm
QcM1LT ≥ Qreq QcM1HT ≥ Qreq Geometry 2 (non-symmetric) A+B
TcNRT ≥ 24 N/mm Ageing method 2 f ≤ 3 mm
QcM2RT ≥ Qreq TcM2RT ≥ 24 N/mm Not covered by this document O
Ageing method 2 f ≤ 3 mm
QcM2RT ≥ Qreq
4.4 Static proof Thermal barrier profiles designed for category W normally do not require proof by calculation for mechanical resistance (ultimate limit state). Calculation of deflection (serviceability state) may be necessary. A proof by calculation relating to mechanical resistance and deflection shall be performed for thermal barrier profiles designed for category CW. Calculations shall be based on the acknowledged provisions and technology (see Annex A). Based on the resulting characteristic data, and if there are identical connecting areas, thermal barrier profiles with differing metal profile sections can be calculated (see Annex B). SIST EN 14024:2005
EN 14024:2004 (E) 11 5 Tests 5.1 General 5.1.1 Test specimens Test specimens shall be selected from representative profiles. If various surface finishes or production procedures are used (e.g. anodizing, wet lacquering, powder coating), the most unfavourable finish - according to knowledge acquired - shall be chosen. 5.1.2 Test temperature Three temperatures for testing shall be applied as follows: LT low test temperature (see 3.2.3); RT room temperature
(23 ± 2) °C; HT high test temperature (see 3.2.3). The temperature of the test specimen (as a whole) shall be maintained during the test. 5.1.3 Pre-test conditioning Prior to testing in accordance with 5.3 or 5.4, the test specimens shall be kept in the laboratory for a period of two days under normal laboratory conditions, i.e. (23 ± 3) °C and (50 ± 10) % relative humidity. 5.2 Suitability of the thermal barrier material 5.2.1 General The suitability of the material of thermal barrier is assessed by tests. The tests are not to be repeated on each set (series) of profiles supposed the thermal barrier material is unchanged. The performance under wet climate (see 5.2.2 and 5.2.3) is assessed in terms of the transverse tensile strength. A protection of the cut edges may be necessary. 5.2.2 Performance after immersion in water The length of the test specimens shall be (100 ± 1) mm. Determine the initial value of the transverse tensile strength at RT according to 5.3.2 and the characteristic value QcNRT
accordingly. Store 20 test specimens in water at a temperature of (23 ± 2) °C for a period of 1 000 h. After storing the test specimens for a further period of 24 h under standard conditions (see 5.1.3), the transverse tensile strength shall be tested at the low and high test temperature in accordance with 5.3.2 and the characteristic values shall be evaluated in accordance with 5.3.3 and 5.6.1. 5.2.3 Performance after exposure to humidity The length of the test specimens shall be (100 ± 1) mm. Determine the initial value of the transverse tensile strength at RT according to 5.3.2 and the characteristic value QcNRT
accordingly. Store 10 test specimens for a period of 96 h in a hot and humid atmosphere, i.e. at (85 ± 5) °C and at a relative humidity greater than 90 %. After storing the test specimens for a further period of 24 h under SIST EN 14024:2005
EN 14024:2004 (E) 12 standard conditions (see 5.1.3), the transverse tensile strength shall be tested at room temperature in accordance with 5.3.2 and the characteristic values shall be evaluated in accordance with 5.3.3 and 5.6.1. 5.2.4 Testing for tensile cracks To demonstrate the compatibility of a chemical agent with the material of the thermal barrier the following test proc
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