SIST EN 789:2005
(Main)Timber structures - Test methods - Determination of mechanical properties of wood based panels
Timber structures - Test methods - Determination of mechanical properties of wood based panels
This standard specifies test methods for determining some mechanical properties of commercial wood-based panel products for use in load-bearing timber structures. These properties are intended for the calculation of characteristic values for use in obtaining material design values. For each type and grade of panel product, as defined for example in an EN wood based panel standard, it is necessary to determine characteristic values of mechanical properties to enable it to be used for structural purposes.
Holzbauwerke - Prüfverfahren - Bestimmung der mechanischen Eigenschaften von Holzwerkstoffen
Dieses Dokument legt Prüfverfahren für die Bestimmung einiger mechanischer Eigenschaften handelsüblicher Holzwerkstoffe für die Verwendung in tragenden Holzbauwerken fest. Diese Eigenschaften dienen der Berechnung von charakteristischen Werten für die Verwendung beim Berechnen stoffbezogener Bemessungswerte.
Für jede Plattenproduktart und -sorte, die in der harmonisierten Norm über Holzwerkstoffe (EN 13986) definiert ist, ist bei deren Verwendung für tragende Zwecke die Bestimmung charakteristischer Werte der mechanischen Eigenschaften erforderlich. Dieses Dokument beschreibt die Einzelheiten der erforderlichen Prüfungen, die für jedes Produkt nur einmal durchzuführen sind, es sei denn, dass eine wesentliche Änderung in den Produkteigenschaften vermutet wird.
ANMERKUNG Charakteristische Werte für bestimmte Plattenproduktarten und -sorten sind in EN 12369 angegeben. Sie dürfen ohne weitere Prüfungen nach diesem Dokument für die zutreffenden Platten angewendet werden.
Es ist nicht vorgesehen, dass dieses Dokument für Prüfungen bei der Güteüberwachung angewendet wird; hierfür sind kleinere Prüfkörper als die hier festgelegten ausreichend.
Aufgrund der begrenzten Erfahrungen in der Anwendung ist das Prüfverfahren für die Ermittlung der Eigenschaften bei Druck rechtwinklig zur Plattenebene (Auflager) in Anhang D (informativ) angegeben.
Structures en bois - Méthodes d'essai - Détermination des propriétés mécaniques des panneaux a base de bois
Cette Norme européenne prescrit des méthodes d'essais pour la détermination de certaines propriétés mécaniques de panneaux a base de bois commercialisés pour etre utilisés dans des structures portantes en bois. Ces propriétés sont destinées au calcul des valeurs caractéristiques afin d'etre utilisées dans la conception.
Pour chaque type et classe de panneau, comme défini dans la Norme Harmonisée sur les panneaux a base de bois (EN 13986), il est nécessaire de déterminer les valeurs caractéristiques des propriétés mécaniques pour permettre l'utilisation du produit a des fins structurelles. La présente norme décrit les essais nécessaires pour établir les valeurs caractéristiques. Les essais ne doivent etre effectués qu'une fois pour chaque produit, a moins qu'il y ait une raison de suspecter un changement significatif dans les propriétés du produit.
NOTE Pour certains types et classes de panneaux, les valeurs caractéristiques sont données dans l'EN 12369 et peuvent etre utilisées pour les panneaux concernés, sans nécessité d'avoir recours aux essais complémentaires figurant dans la présente norme.
La présente norme n'est pas destinée a etre utilisée dans les essais de contrôle qualité, pour lesquels des éprouvettes plus petites que celles décrites dans cette norme sont appropriées.
Étant donné l'expérience limitée liée a ces essais, la méthode d'essai concernant la compression perpendiculaire au plan du panneau est donnée dans l'Annexe D (informative).
Lesene konstrukcije - Preskusni postopki - Ugotavljanje mehanskih lastnosti lesnih plošč
General Information
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Standards Content (Sample)
2003-01.Slovenski inštitut za standardizacijo. Razmnoževanje celote ali delov tega standarda ni dovoljeno.Holzbauwerke - Prüfverfahren - Bestimmung der mechanischen Eigenschaften von HolzwerkstoffenStructures en bois - Méthodes d'essai - Détermination des propriétés mécaniques des panneaux a base de boisTimber structures - Test methods - Determination of mechanical properties of wood based panels91.080.20Lesene konstrukcijeTimber structures79.060.01Wood-based panels in generalICS:Ta slovenski standard je istoveten z:EN 789:2004SIST EN 789:2005en01-april-2005SIST EN 789:2005SLOVENSKI
STANDARDSIST EN 789:19961DGRPHãþD
SIST EN 789:2005
EUROPEAN STANDARD NORME EUROPÉENNE EUROPÄISCHE NORM
EN 789
October 2004 ICS 79.040 Supersedes EN 789:1995 English version
Timber structures - Test methods -Determination of mechanical properties of wood based panels
Structures en bois - Méthodes d'essai - Détermination des propriétés mécaniques des panneaux à base de bois
Holzbauwerke - Prüfverfahren - Bestimmung der mechanischen Eigenschaften von Holzwerkstoffen This European Standard was approved by CEN on 1 April 2004.
CEN members are bound to comply with the CEN/CENELEC Internal Regulations which stipulate the conditions for giving this European Standard the status of a national standard without any alteration. Up-to-date lists and bibliographical references concerning such national standards may be obtained on application to the Central Secretariat or to any CEN member.
This European Standard exists in three official versions (English, French, German). A version in any other language made by translation under the responsibility of a CEN member into its own language and notified to the Central Secretariat has the same status as the official versions.
CEN members are the national standards bodies of Austria, Belgium, Cyprus, Czech Republic, Denmark, Estonia, Finland, France, Germany, Greece, Hungary, Iceland, Ireland, Italy, Latvia, Lithuania, Luxembourg, Malta, Netherlands, Norway, Poland, Portugal, Slovakia, Slovenia, Spain, Sweden, Switzerland and United Kingdom.
EUROPEAN COMMITTEE FOR STANDARDIZATION COMITÉ EUROPÉEN DE NORMALISATION EUROPÄISCHES KOMITEE FÜR NORMUNG
Management Centre: rue de Stassart, 36
B-1050 Brussels © 2004 CEN All rights of exploitation in any form and by any means reserved worldwide for CEN national Members. Ref. No. EN 789:2004: ESIST EN 789:2005
EN 789:2004 (E) 2 Contents
page Foreword.4 Introduction.5 1 Scope.6 2 Normative references.6 3 Terms and definitions.6 4 Symbols and abbreviations.6 5 Sampling.7 5.1 Sampling of panels.7 5.2 Sampling of specimens.7 6 Preparation of test pieces.9 6.1 Conditioning.9 6.2 Dimensions of test pieces.9 6.2.1 Methods of measurement.9 6.2.2 Measurements to be taken.9 6.3 Moisture content.9 6.3.1 Method of measurement.9 6.3.2 Measurements to be taken.9 6.4 Density.9 6.4.1 Method of measurement.9 6.4.2 Measurements to be taken.9 7 Bending properties.10 7.1 Test piece.10 7.2 Loading equipment.10 7.3 Loading method.10 7.4 Test procedure.10 7.4.1 Rate of application of load.10 7.4.2 Measurement of length and deformation.11 7.5 Expression of results.11 7.5.1 Modulus of elasticity and bending stiffness.11 7.5.2 Bending strength and moment capacity.12 8 Compression properties in the plane of the panel.12 8.1 Test piece.12 8.2 Loading equipment.12 8.3 Loading method.13 8.4 Test Procedure.13 8.4.1 Rate of application of load.13 8.4.2 Measurement of length and deformation.13 8.5 Expression of results.14 8.5.1 Compression of modulus of elasticity and stiffness.14 8.5.2 Compression strength.14 9 Tension properties.14 9.1 Test piece.14 9.2 Loading equipment.15 9.3 Loading method.15 9.4 Test procedure.15 9.4.1 Rate of application of load.15 9.4.2 Measurement of length and deformation.15 9.5 Expression of
results.16 9.5.1 Tension modulus of elasticity and stiffness.16 SIST EN 789:2005
EN 789:2004 (E) 3 9.5.2 Tension strength.16 10 Panel shear properties.16 10.1 Test piece.16 10.2 Loading equipment.17 10.3 Measurement of deformation.17 10.4 Loading method.17 10.5 Test procedure.18 10.5.1 Rate of application of load.18 10.5.2 Measurement of deformation.18 10.5.3 Failure mode.18 10.6 Expression of results.18 10.6.1 Panel shear modulus of rigidity.18 10.6.2 Panel shear strength.18 11 Planar shear properties.19 11.1 Test piece.19 11.2 Loading equipment.19 11.3 Loading method.19 11.4 Test procedures.19 11.4.1 Rate of application of load.19 11.4.2 Measurement of deformation.19 11.5 Expression of results.20 11.5.1 Planar shear strength.20 11.5.2 Planar shear modulus of rigidity.20 12 Test report.21 12.1 General data.21 12.2 Material data.22 12.3 Data of individual test pieces.22 12.4 Data of physical properties.22 12.5 Additional data.22 12.6 Sampling data.22 Annex A (normative)
In-plane compression test pieces .23 Annex B (normative)
Panel shear test pieces.26 Annex C (normative)
Planar shear test pieces .28 Annex D (informative)
Compression properties perpendicular to the plane of the panel (bearing) .29 Bibliography.32
SIST EN 789:2005
EN 789:2004 (E) 4 Foreword This document (EN 789:2004) has been prepared by Technical Committee CEN/TC 124 "Timber Structures", the secretariat of which is held by SFS. This European Standard shall be given the status of a national standard, either by publication of an identical text or by endorsement, at the latest by April 2005, and conflicting national standards shall be withdrawn at the latest by April 2005. This document supersedes EN 789:1995. This document includes a Bibliography. According to the CEN/CENELEC Internal Regulations, the following countries are bound to implement this European Standard; Austria, Belgium, Cyprus, Czech Republic, Denmark, Estonia, Finland, France, Germany, Greece, Hungary, Iceland, Ireland, Italy, Latvia, Lithuania, Luxembourg, Malta, Netherlands, Norway, Poland, Portugal, Slovakia, Slovenia, Spain, Sweden, Switzerland and United Kingdom. SIST EN 789:2005
EN 789:2004 (E) 5 Introduction The following amendments have been made to EN 789:1995: - Certain descriptions of test methods and expressions of the test results have been improved. - Following further research, the panel and planar shear test methods have been revised and moved from the annexes to the main part of the document. - A method for compression perpendicular to the plane of the panel has been added, as Annex D. These changes are based on the results and experience of research carried out at a number of European laboratories.
SIST EN 789:2005
EN 789:2004 (E) 6 1 Scope This document specifies test methods for determining some mechanical properties of commercial wood-based panel products for use in load-bearing timber structures.
These properties are intended for the calculation of characteristic values for use in obtaining material design values. For each type and grade of load-bearing panel product, as defined in the Harmonised Standard for wood-based panels (EN 13986), it is necessary to determine characteristic values of mechanical properties to enable it to be used for structural purposes.
This document details the testing required to establish characteristic values. The tests need only be carried out once for each product, unless there is a reason to suspect a significant change has occurred in the properties of the product. NOTE For certain types and grades of panel, characteristic values are given in EN 12369 and these may be used for appropriate panels without further testing to this document. This document is not intended to be used for quality control testing, for which smaller test pieces than specified herein, are adequate. Due to the limited experience in use, the test method for compression perpendicular to the plane of the panel (bearing) is included in Annex D (informative). 2 Normative references The following referenced documents are indispensable for the application of this document. For dated references, only the edition cited applies. For undated references, the latest edition of the referenced document (including any amendments) applies. EN 322, Wood-based panels -Determination of moisture content
EN 323, Wood-based panels - Determination of density EN 325, Wood-based panels - Determination of dimensions of test pieces EN 14358, Structural timber – Calculation of characteristic 5-percentile value
3 Terms and definitions For the purposes of this document, the following terms and definitions apply. 3.1
specimen piece of the panel from which a test piece will be fabricated
3.2
test piece specimen of aggregate of parts from a sample fabricated to the size and shape required for testing
4 Symbols and abbreviations A full cross-sectional area, equal to bt, in square millimetres; b measured width of test piece, in millimetres; E modulus of elasticity, in newtons per square millimetre; F load, in newtons; f strength, in newtons per square millimetre; SIST EN 789:2005
EN 789:2004 (E) 7 G shear modulus of rigidity, in newtons per square millimetre; I second moment of area, equal to bt3/12. In millimetres to the fourth power; l length of test piece, in millimetres; l1 gauge length, in millimetres; l2 distance between an inner load point and the nearest support, in millimetres; M moment, in newton millimetres; t measured thickness of test piece, in millimetres; t1 measured thickness of panel being tested, in millimetres; u deflection or deformation, in millimetres; W section modulus, equal to bt2/6, in cubic millimetres.
Subscripts applied to loads, capacities, strengths, stiffness, and moduli of elasticity; c compression; m bending; max. maximum; v panel shear; r planar shear; t tension; perp
perpendicular to the plane of the panel.
5 Sampling 5.1 Sampling of panels All panels in a sample shall be of the same type, grade, thickness range and composition or lay-up. The method of sampling and the number of panels required is given in EN 14358. 5.2 Sampling of specimens The specimens for each type of test in each direction shall not be from the same position in different panels of the same sample and shall not number more than one from each panel.
For in-plane compression test pieces, see Annex A (normative).
The position of the specimens within the panels shall be selected to ensure an unbiased sample. NOTE 1 An example of a cutting schedule based on a sample of four panels, each with a minimum area of 1 200 mm x 2 400 mm, is given in Figure 1. NOTE 2 For quality control purposes, it may be necessary to establish correlations between the results from the test methods listed here and those used in the factory. If this is the case, consideration should be given to modifying the cutting plan to allow for the additional test pieces to be included on a “side-matched” basis. SIST EN 789:2005
EN 789:2004 (E) 8 Dimensions in millimetres
Figure 1 - Example of a cutting schedule Test Specimen number Bending
longitudinal 1 to 4 lateral 5 to 8 Tension
longitudinal 9 to 12 lateral 13 to 16 Compression
longitudinal 17 to 20 lateral 21 to 24 Panel shear
longitudinal 25 to 28 lateral 29 to 32 Planar shear
longitudinal 33 to 36 lateral 37 to 40
SIST EN 789:2005
EN 789:2004 (E) 9 6 Preparation of test pieces 6.1 Conditioning All test pieces shall be conditioned to constant mass in an atmosphere of relative humidity (65 ± 5) % and temperature (20 ± 2) ºC. The constant mass is considered to have been reached when the results of two successive weighing operations, carried out at an interval of 24 h do not differ by more than 0,1% of the mass of the test piece. If the ambient conditions of testing are not the same as those in the conditioning chamber, tests shall be undertaken immediately after the test pieces have been removed from the conditioning chamber. NOTE The test methods specified in this document may also be used in other testing climates. 6.2 Dimensions of test pieces 6.2.1 Methods of measurement The dimensions shall be determined in accordance with EN 325 6.2.2 Measurements to be taken The thickness of the test pieces shall be measured at four points, two on each edge 80 mm from mid-length, but 25 mm in the case of the in-plane compression test pieces, and the average thickness t recorded.
The width of the test pieces shall be measured at two points, generally 80 mm from mid-length, but 25 mm in the case of the in-plane compression test pieces, and the average width b recorded. NOTE If the thicknesses of individual plies or layers in plywood or composite panels are required, then each should be measured to the nearest 0,1 mm at the four edges of the test piece, and averaged. 6.3 Moisture content 6.3.1 Method of measurement The moisture content shall be determined in accordance with EN 322. 6.3.2 Measurements to be taken The moisture content shall be determined from at least one test piece per panel and measured at the time of testing. 6.4 Density 6.4.1 Method of measurement The density shall be determined in accordance with EN 323. 6.4.2 Measurements to be taken The density shall be determined from at least one test piece per panel and measured at the time of testing. SIST EN 789:2005
EN 789:2004 (E) 10 7 Bending properties 7.1 Test piece The test piece shall be rectangular in cross-section.
The depth of the test piece shall be equal to the thickness of the panel and the width shall be (300 ± 5) mm, but see also the NOTE in 7.3. The length of the test piece will depend on the nominal thickness of the panel, see Figure 2. 7.2 Loading equipment The loading equipment shall be capable of measuring the load to an accuracy of 1%. NOTE Since the test piece may twist under load, the loading equipment should be appropriately chosen. 7.3 Loading method The application of the loads shall be as shown in Figure 2 with the load and reaction forces applied by rollers of (30 ± 1) mm diameter.
The distance between the load points and the supports,l2, shall be 16 times the nominal thickness, but not more than 400 mm and not less than 240 mm with an accuracy of ± 1 mm. NOTE Large deflections may occur when test pieces with small bending stiffness are tested to failure, thus alternative test arrangements may be required.
In general, the test configuration described in this section is suitable for a test piece with a thickness greater than 9 mm (corresponding to a bending stiffness per unit width of about 300 kN mm2/mm).
Smaller thicknesses may be tested by using smaller diameter rollers and proportionally reducing the distances between them. Dimensions in millimetres
240 mm ≤ l2 = 16 t ≤ 400 mm Figure 2 - Arrangement for bending test 7.4 Test procedure 7.4.1 Rate of application of load Load F shall be applied at a continuous rate of loading adjusted so that the maximum load is reached within (300 ± 120) s, and with a mean value of about 300 s for a sample. SIST EN 789:2005
EN 789:2004 (E) 11 7.4.2 Measurement of length and deformation The length l1 and l2 see Figure 2, shall be measured to the nearest 1 mm.
The deflection of the test piece shall be measured on both sides midway between two points on the axis of the test piece located in the zone of uniform moment.
The distance between the two points (gauge length) shall be not less than 250 mm and the points shall be spaced as far apart as possible, consistent with maintaining adequate clearance between the gauges and the loading equipment.
NOTE For thicknesses of 9 mm or less, the 250 mm gauge length may be proportionally reduced. For these cases the deflection can be taken on the outer tension side. The deflection over the gauge length shall be measured to the nearest 0,01 mm. 7.5 Expression of results 7.5.1 Modulus of elasticity and bending stiffness Using the data obtained and plot the load-deflection graph. Use that section of the graph between 0,1Fmax and 0,4Fmax for a linear regression analyses.
The bending modulus of elasticity of the test piece shall be calculated from the following formula: IuullFFEm)(16)(1222112−−=
The bending stiffness of the test piece shall be calculated from the following formula
)(16)(1222112uullFFIEm−−= where F2 - F1 is the increment of load between 0,1Fmax and 0,4Fmax, see Figure 3 u2 - u1
is the increment of deflection corresponding to F2 - F1 using the linear regression line, see Figure 3 Both the modulus of elasticity and stiffness shall be calculated to an accuracy of 1%. SIST EN 789:2005
EN 789:2004 (E) 12
Key F Load u Deflection or deformation Figure 3 - Load-deflection or deformation graph within the range of elastic deformation 7.5.2 Bending strength and moment capacity The bending strength of the test piece shall be calculated from the following formula: WlFfm22max= The moment of capacity of the test piece shall be calculated from the following formula: 22maxmaxlFM= The bending strength and moment capacity shall be calculated to an accuracy of 1%. 8 Compression properties in the plane of the panel 8.1 Test piece The dimensions of the test pieces shall comply with the requirements given in Annex A. The end surfaces of the test pieces shall be smooth and parallel to each other and at right angles to the test piece length. 8.2 Loading equipment The loading equipment shall be capable of measuring the load to an accuracy of 1%. SIST EN 789:2005
EN 789:2004 (E) 13 8.3 Loading method The load shall be applied through a spherical connection on the upper head of the testing machine to allow initially for any deviation from parallel of the ends of the test piece and permit adjustment to match the ends of the test piece, see Figure 4.
The head shall be locked after an initial small load.
Key 1 Spherical seated 2 Transducer 3 Test piece Figure 4 - Arrangement for compression test 8.4 Test Procedure 8.4.1 Rate of application of load Load F shall be applied at a continuous rate of loading adjusted so that the maximum load is reached within (300 ± 120) s, and with a mean value of about 300 s for a sample. 8.4.2 Measurement of length and deformation Data for load-deformation curves shall be taken to determine the modulus of elasticity and the compression stiffness. The deformation shall be measured over the central portion on two opposing faces of the test piece using a gauge length l1 of between 75 mm and 125 mm.
The gauge length l1 shall be measured to an accuracy of ±0,5 mm.
NOTE Attachment of the gauges may be with pins inserted in 3 mm diameter drilled holes or by glued mounts with the contact area being less than 5 mm diameter.
The deformation on each face shall be measured to an accuracy of 1%. The average of the two readings shall be calculated to the nearest 0,005 mm and shall be used in the calculation of the stiffness and modulus of elasticity of the test piece. 1
2
3 SIST EN 789:2005
EN 789:2004 (E) 14 8.5 Expression of results 8.5.1 Compression of modulus of elasticity and stiffness Using the data obtained plot the load-deformation graph. Use that section of the graph between 0,1Fmax and 0,4Fmax for a linear regression analyses.
The compression modulus of elasticity of the test piece shall be calculated from the following formula: AuulFFEc
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