SIST EN 15663:2017+A2:2025

Railway applications - Vehicle reference masses

This European Standard defines a set of reference masses for specifying the requirements for the design, testing, acceptance, marking, delivery and operation of rail vehicles.
The reference masses defined in this document are as follows:
-   dead mass;
-   design mass in working order;
-   design mass under normal payload;
-   design mass under exceptional payload;
-   operational mass in working order;
-   operational mass under normal payload.
These reference masses are defined with respect to the whole vehicle, but they can also apply to a specific system or component.
The specification of values for tolerances applicable to reference masses is not in the scope of this standard. Tolerances can be required by an application standard.
Additional loadings due to environmental factors, for example snow and retained or absorbed rainwater, are not in the scope of this European Standard.

Bahnanwendungen - Fahrzeugreferenzmassen

Diese Europäische Norm definiert eine Reihe von Referenzmassen zur Festlegung der Anforderungen für Auslegung, Prüfung, Kundenabnahme, Beschriftung, Lieferung und Betrieb von Schienenfahrzeugen.
Folgende Referenzmassen sind in diesem Dokument festgelegt:
   Leermasse;
   Auslegungsmasse des betriebsbereiten Fahrzeugs;
   Auslegungsmasse bei normaler Zuladung;
   Auslegungsmasse bei außergewöhnlicher Zuladung;
   Betriebsmasse des betriebsbereiten Fahrzeugs;
   Betriebsmasse bei normaler Zuladung.
Diese Referenzmassen gelten für das Gesamtfahrzeug, sie können aber auch auf ein einzelnes System oder Bauteil angewendet werden.
Die Festlegung von anwendbaren Toleranzwerten für die Referenzmassen liegt außerhalb des Anwendungsbereichs dieser Norm. Toleranzen können in einer Anwendungsnorm benötigt werden.
Zusätzliche Lasten infolge Umweltfaktoren wie beispielsweise Schnee und aufgestautes oder aufgesogenes Regenwasser gehören nicht zum Anwendungsbereich dieser Europäischen Norm.

Applications ferroviaires - Masses de référence des véhicules

La présente Norme européenne définit un ensemble de masses de référence destiné à la spécification des exigences concernant la conception, les essais, la réception, le marquage, la livraison et l’exploitation des véhicules ferroviaires.
Les masses de référence définies dans le présent document sont les suivantes :
   masse morte ;
   masse de conception en ordre de marche ;
   masse de conception en charge normale ;
   masse de conception en charge exceptionnelle ;
   masse opérationnelle en ordre de marche ;
   masse opérationnelle en charge normale.
Ces masses de référence sont définies pour la totalité du véhicule, mais elles peuvent également s'appliquer à un système ou composant spécifique.
La spécification des valeurs de tolérances applicables aux masses de référence n’entre pas dans le champ d’application de la présente norme. Des tolérances peuvent être exigées par une norme d’application.
Des chargements additionnels dus aux facteurs environnementaux, par exemple la neige et l'eau de pluie retenue ou absorbée, ne sont pas dans le champ d'application de la présente Norme européenne.

Železniške naprave - Določitev mase železniškega vozila (vključno z dopolnilom A2)

Ta evropski standard določa nabor mas za določitev zahtev za načrtovanje, preskušanje, sprejemljivost, označevanje, dobavo in delovanje železniških vozil.
V tem dokumentu so določene naslednje mase:
– mrtva masa;
– konstrukcijsko določena masa v stanju delovanja;
– konstrukcijsko določena masa pri običajnem tovoru;
– konstrukcijsko določena masa pri izrednem tovoru;
– obratovalno določena masa v stanju delovanja;
– obratovalno določena masa pri običajnem tovoru.
Te mase so opredeljene glede na celotno vozilo, vendar jih je mogoče uporabiti tudi za posamezni sistem ali sestavni del.
Specifikacija mejnih vrednosti, ki veljajo za mase, ne spada na področje uporabe tega standarda. Standard uporabe lahko zahteva mejne vrednosti.
Dodatne obremenitve zaradi okoljskih dejavnikov, na primer snega in zadržane ali absorbirane deževnice, ne spadajo na področje uporabe tega evropskega standarda.

General Information

• Status: Published
• Publication Date: 08-Jan-2025
• ICS: 45.060.01 - Railway rolling stock in general
• Technical Committee: IŽNP - Reilway applications
• Current Stage: 6060 - National Implementation/Publication (Adopted Project)
• Start Date: 06-Jan-2025
• Due Date: 13-Mar-2025
• Completion Date: 09-Jan-2025
• Directive: 2016/797/EU - Directive (EU) 2016/797 of the European Parliament and of the Council of 11 May 2016 on the interoperability of the rail system within the European Union (Text with EEA relevance)
• Mandate: M/483 - Mandate for programming and standardisation addressed to the European standardisation bodies under directive 2008/57/EC in the field of the interoperability of the rail system within the European Union
• Mandate: M/591 - Standardisation request to the European Committee for Standardisation and the European Committee for Electrotechnical Standardisation as regards railway products in support of Directive (EU) 2016/797
• Ref Project: EN 15663:2017+A2:2024 - Railway applications - Vehicle reference masses

Relations

• Replaces: SIST EN 15663:2017+A1:2019 - Railway applications - Vehicle reference masses
• Effective Date: 01-Mar-2025
• Consolidates: SIST EN 15663:2017+A1:2019/kFprA2:2024 - Railway applications - Vehicle reference masses
• Effective Date: 01-Mar-2025

Standards Content (Sample)

SLOVENSKI STANDARD
01-marec-2025
Železniške naprave - Določitev mase železniškega vozila (vključno z dopolnilom
A2)
Railway applications - Vehicle reference masses
Bahnanwendungen - Fahrzeugreferenzmassen
Applications ferroviaires - Masses de référence des véhicules
Ta slovenski standard je istoveten z: EN 15663:2017+A2:2024
ICS:
45.060.01 Železniška vozila na splošno Railway rolling stock in
general
2003-01.Slovenski inštitut za standardizacijo. Razmnoževanje celote ali delov tega standarda ni dovoljeno.

EN 15663:2017+A2
EUROPEAN STANDARD
NORME EUROPÉENNE
December 2024
EUROPÄISCHE NORM
ICS 45.060.01 Supersedes EN 15663:2017+A1:2018
English Version
Railway applications - Vehicle reference masses
Applications ferroviaires - Masses de référence des Bahnanwendungen - Fahrzeugreferenzmassen
véhicules
This European Standard was approved by CEN on 25 September 2018 and includes Amendment 2 approved by CEN on 18
November 2024.
CEN members are bound to comply with the CEN/CENELEC Internal Regulations which stipulate the conditions for giving this
European Standard the status of a national standard without any alteration. Up-to-date lists and bibliographical references
concerning such national standards may be obtained on application to the CEN-CENELEC Management Centre or to any CEN
member.
This European Standard exists in three official versions (English, French, German). A version in any other language made by
translation under the responsibility of a CEN member into its own language and notified to the CEN-CENELEC Management
Centre has the same status as the official versions.

CEN members are the national standards bodies of Austria, Belgium, Bulgaria, Croatia, Cyprus, Czech Republic, Denmark, Estonia,
Finland, France, Germany, Greece, Hungary, Iceland, Ireland, Italy, Latvia, Lithuania, Luxembourg, Malta, Netherlands, Norway,
Poland, Portugal, Republic of North Macedonia, Romania, Serbia, Slovakia, Slovenia, Spain, Sweden, Switzerland, Türkiye and
United Kingdom.
EUROPEAN COMMITTEE FOR STANDARDIZATION
COMITÉ EUROPÉEN DE NORMALISATION

EUROPÄISCHES KOMITEE FÜR NORMUNG

CEN-CENELEC Management Centre: Rue de la Science 23, B-1040 Brussels
© 2024 CEN All rights of exploitation in any form and by any means reserved Ref. No. EN 15663:2017+A2:2024 E
worldwide for CEN national Members.

Contents Page
European foreword . 3
Introduction . 4
1 Scope . 5
2 Normative references . 5
3 Terms, definitions and abbreviations . 5
3.1 Terms and definitions . 5
3.2 Abbreviations . 7
4 Derivation of vehicle reference masses . 9
4.1 General . 9
4.2 Vehicle categories . 9
4.3 Dead mass . 10
4.4 Payload states . 10
4.5 Reference masses . 11
4.6 Special purpose mass definitions and payload states . 12
5 Consumables, staff and wear allowance . 13
6 Standing area calculation . 13
7 Payloads. 14
7.1 General . 14
7.2 Payloads for M-I (high speed and long distance units). 15
7.3 Payloads for M-II (passenger vehicles other than high speed and long distance units) . 17
7.4 Payloads for M-III (freight vehicles) . 19
Annex A (informative) Densities . 20
Bibliography . 21

European foreword
This document (EN 15663:2017+A2:2024) has been prepared by Technical Committee CEN/TC 256
“Railway applications”, the secretariat of which is held by DIN.
This European Standard shall be given the status of a national standard, either by publication of an
identical text or by endorsement, at the latest by June 2025, and conflicting national standards shall be
withdrawn at the latest by June 2025.
Attention is drawn to the possibility that some of the elements of this document may be the subject of
patent rights. CEN shall not be held responsible for identifying any or all such patent rights.
This document includes Amendment 1 approved by CEN on 25 September 2018.
This document includes Amendment 2 approved by CEN on 18 November 2024.
This document supersedes #EN 15663:2017+A1:2018$.
The start and finish of text introduced or altered by amendment is indicated in the text by tags !".
The start and finish of text introduced or altered by amendment is indicated in the text by tags #$.
This document has been prepared under a mandate given to CEN by the European Commission and the
European Free Trade Association.
#deleted text$
This European Standard aims to support the TSIs and European Standards for the calculation of vehicle
masses.
Any feedback and questions on this document should be directed to the users’ national standards body.
A complete listing of these bodies can be found on the CEN website.
According to the CEN-CENELEC Internal Regulations, the national standards organisations of the
following countries are bound to implement this European Standard: Austria, Belgium, Bulgaria,
Croatia, Cyprus, Czech Republic, Denmark, Estonia, Finland, France, Germany, Greece, Hungary, Iceland,
Ireland, Italy, Latvia, Lithuania, Luxembourg, Malta, Netherlands, Norway, Poland, Portugal, Republic of
North Macedonia, Romania, Serbia, Slovakia, Slovenia, Spain, Sweden, Switzerland, Türkiye and the
United Kingdom.
Introduction
To define the design, testing and operation of vehicles in general and their main constituent parts, it is
necessary to clearly specify the associated states of loading. This European Standard provides such a set
of vehicle reference masses and describes how each is derived.
1 Scope
This European Standard defines a set of reference masses for specifying the requirements for the
design, testing, acceptance, marking, delivery and operation of rail vehicles.
The reference masses defined in this document are as follows:
— dead mass;
— design mass in working order;
— design mass under normal payload;
— design mass under exceptional payload;
— operational mass in working order;
— operational mass under normal payload.
These reference masses are defined with respect to the whole vehicle, but they can also apply to a
specific system or component.
The specification of values for tolerances applicable to reference masses is not in the scope of this
standard. Tolerances can be required by an application standard.
Additional loadings due to environmental factors, for example snow and retained or absorbed
rainwater, are not in the scope of this European Standard.
2 Normative references
#The following documents are referred to in the text in such a way that some or all of their content
constitutes requirements of this document. For dated references, only the edition cited applies. For
undated references, the latest edition of the referenced document (including any amendments) applies.
EN 17343:2023, Railway applications — General terms and definitions$
3 Terms, definitions and abbreviations
3.1 Terms and definitions
#For the purposes of this document, the terms and definition defined in EN 17343:2023 and the
following apply.$
!ISO and IEC maintain terminological databases for use in standardization at the following addresses:
• IEC Electropedia: available at http://www.electropedia.org/
• ISO Online browsing platform: available at http://www.iso.org/obp"
3.1.1
mass increment
quantity added to or subtracted from the vehicle mass
Note 1 to entry: Examples are payload, staff, consumables and wear allowances.
3.1.2
payload
mass increment for the load carried by the vehicle (passengers, luggage or cargo)
Note 1 to entry: Typically a load from which revenue is derived.
3.1.3
luggage compartment
closed area, for the carriage of luggage and goods, which is not intended for the transport of passengers
3.1.4
luggage area
low level location or unit in a passenger saloon or vestibule provided to store luggage
Note 1 to entry: Overhead luggage racks are not regarded as luggage areas.
3.1.5
passenger area
area inside the vehicle dedicated for transporting passengers
Note 1 to entry: Catering areas are not regarded as passenger areas.
3.1.6
catering area
area set aside for passengers for the purchase or consumption of catering services (e.g. buffet, bar or
bistro)
3.1.7
standing area
unobstructed part of either a passenger area or a catering area which can be used by standing
passengers (e.g. vestibules, aisles, stairways)
3.1.8
normal seat
permanent seat in a passenger or catering area
3.1.9
tip up seat
folding seat fixed to a wall or partition for temporary use
3.1.10
wear allowance
quantity of mass that is assumed to be lost in service due to abrasion and mechanical wear
Note 1 to entry: The main sources of wear to be accounted for are from wheels and brake friction materials.
#
3.1.11
dead mass
mass of the vehicle in the 'as built' condition without consumables and without staff
Note 1 to entry: 4.3 gives a detailed definition.
3.1.12
working order
condition in which the vehicle is available for service, including staff and an amount of consumables, but
without any payload
Note 1 to entry The amount of consumables depends on the vehicle condition (design condition or operational
condition) as given in Table 6.
Note 2 to entry This state is sometimes described as unladen or tare. Nevertheless, the use of the expression
“working order” is encouraged to harmonize wording.
3.1.13
normal payload
typical payload seen on a regular basis
Note 1 to entry The normal payload depends on the vehicle condition (design or operational condition) as
given in Table 4.
Note 2 to entry 4.4 gives a detailed definition.
Note 3 to entry For freight vehicles, the payload is always taken as the maximum payload as specified in the
loading table of the vehicle.
3.1.14
exceptional payload
maximum possible payload that can be carried and that will be experienced only under exceptional
conditions
Note 1 to entry: The exceptional payload is only defined for the design condition.
Note 2 to entry: 4.4 gives a detailed definition.,
3.1.15
design condition
theoretical state for analysis and calculation
3.1.16
operational condition
assumed average state when in service
3.1.17
special purpose mass
mass, specified in an application standard based on the reference mass definitions in accordance with
this document
Note 1 to entry: In accordance with this definition, a reference mass used directly by an application standard is
not considered as a special purpose mass.
Note 2 to entry: 4.6 gives detailed information about the application mass definitions.$
3.2 Abbreviations
For the purposes of this document, the following two and three letter abbreviations are derived as
follows:
The first letter denotes either an increment or a total vehicle mass:
M the total vehicle Mass
P mass increment (Payload, consumables, staff, wear allowance)
The second letter denotes the type of payload or reference mass:
U dead mass i.e. Underlying mass
C Consumables, staff and wear allowance
V in working order (Vide)
N Normal
X eXceptional
The third letter denotes the condition that is required (see 4.1):
D Design condition
O Operational condition
Where the third letter is omitted, the mass or payload applies to all conditions.
#The unused letters of the alphabet are available to denote a special purpose mass or payload
condition that is defined by an application standard (see 4.6).$
Table 1 — Reference mass abbreviations
Abbreviation Term
MU Dead mass
MVD Design mass in working order
MND Design mass under normal payload
MXD Design mass under exceptional payload
MVO Operational mass in working order
MNO Operational mass under normal payload
Table 2 — Payload and mass increment abbreviations
Abbreviation Term
PCD Design consumables
PND Normal design payload
PXD Exceptional payload
PCO Operational consumables
PNO Normal operational payload
#If the default values for standing areas in passenger and catering areas set out in 7.2 and 7.3 are not
used, the abbreviations shall be extended to indicate the particular values used in kg/m (e.g.
MXD160)$. Where a separate catering area load is used this shall also be included, preceded by a “/”
(e.g. MXD240/160).
4 Derivation of vehicle reference masses
4.1 General
Methods for calculating reference masses including standard values for payloads are given in this
document.
To determine a reference mass the following parameters are required:
— applicable vehicle category (see 4.2);
— applicable payload state (see 4.4); and
— condition that is required:
• design condition; or
• operational condition.
#Deleted sentence$
The vehicle specification and application standards specify these parameters.
Tolerances to the reference masses can be given in application standards or in the vehicle specification.
Particular applications can require reference masses to be evaluated in a way that gives for example
axle and wheel loads and then places tolerances on those individual values (for example EN 15528).
#Methods are given in this document together with default values and assumptions to be used. It is
permissible to deviate from the default values and specify particular values within the ranges given in
7.2 and 7.3. The vehicle specification together with an application standard gives these deviations.
In specifying particular values for determining reference masses, consideration should be given to:
— consistency between payload states. For example, if the mass per square metre is modified for an
exceptional payload, the value to be used for normal payload might also require modification;
— ensuring that any reference mass is applied consistently to applicable system components (for
example body loads and bogie loads).$
#Deleted sentence.$
4.2 Vehicle categories
For the purpose of vehicle mass definitions rolling stock is divided into three vehicle categories which
are given in Table 3.
Units for regional services can only be considered as category M-I if they are not intended for services
where operational conditions are similar to commuter operations.
Locomotives (passenger and freight and power heads) are treated as passenger vehicles without
payload. Driving trailers are treated as passenger vehicles.
Infrastructure construction and maintenance machines are treated as freight vehicles with special
requirements for payloads, staff and consumables as defined in their application standards.
The vehicle category to be used for determining reference masses shall form part of the vehicle
specification.
Table 3 — Vehicle categories
Vehicle category Passenger Examples and explanations
density
M-I high speed and long normal all passenger units not intended to be used on
distance units commuter and suburban services
M-II passenger vehicles high Commuter and suburban services (for the
other than high speed French network: RER or some TER, for the
and long distance German Network: S-Bahn or some RB- and
units RE-Trains), metros, tramways
M-III freight vehicles - wagons and freight motored units
4.3 Dead mass
#Deleted sentence$
The dead mass is the underlying mass of a vehicle, a common fixed element that is used to define the
other reference masses in this document. It includes interior fittings and furniture, fixed quantities of
lubricants and fluids (e.g. oils, greases, insulating fluids, cooling fluids, heating fluids, transmission
fluids, battery electrolyte, etc.), catering equipment (e.g. utensils, cutlery and table linen), tools and
emergency equipment. All parts subject to wear shall be in a new, unworn condition.
NOTE 1 At the start of a project the dead mass is an estimated value together with an estimated manufacturing
tolerance based on the best information available (calculations and weighed components, etc.). The dead mass and
the tolerances are refined as the project progresses and more accurate information becomes available.
The dead mass shall be verified on the basis of the average mass of the first 5 weighed vehicles or units
of each design (or the full fleet if it is less than 5), taking into account the range of tolerances defined in
the vehicle specification or application standards.
NOTE 2 Typically weighing takes place in an intermediate condition between the dead mass and the design
mass in working order. The weighed mass is then corrected to give the dead mass.
NOTE 3 It can be necessary to re-evaluate the dead mass and the tolerances if the verification shows that the
vehicles or units cannot be produced inside the intended tolerance range for the design mass in working order
(MVD).
The dead mass shall be re-evaluated when design changes or refurbishments produce deviations that
are outside the tolerance range.
4.4 Payload states
The payload states are described in Table 4.
The mass of the vehicle in working order is the reference condition which represents the vehicle
available for service. This is the summation of the dead mass and the mass of staff, consumables and any
allowance for wear, but without a payload, i.e. a load from which revenue is derived.
Values for the payloads for the different vehicle categories are given in Clause 7.
Table 4 — Payload states
Payload state Design condition Operational condition
Consumables, Design consumables (PCD) Operational consumables (PCO)
staff and wear
represents the condition represents the condition available for service,
allowance
available for service, including including staff and an average amount of
(mass increment
staff and maximum consumables, consumables and minus the wear allowance,
from dead mass
but without payload. but without payload.
to mass in
working order)
Normal payload Normal design payload (PND) Normal operational payload (PNO)
represents the highest payload represents the typical payload for average
seen on a regular basis and it is operational conditions and it is determined
determined by the type of rolling by the type of rolling stock and / or the level
stock and / or the level of of comfort associated with the type of service
comfort associated with the type being provided. This state can be used for
of service being provided. example to determine track access
conditions, scheduling, energy consumption,
vehicle marking and life cycle cost calculation.
Exceptional Exceptional payload (PXD) Not applicable
payload
is the maximum possible payload
that can be carried and will be
experienced only under
exceptional conditions (e.g.
exceptional number of
passengers). It represents the
design limit for operation of the
vehicle.
4.5 Reference masses
The reference masses are derived from the dead mass and the appropriate payload states for both
design and operational conditions.
Table 5 summarizes the relationships between the condition that is required and the payload states for
the classification of the reference masses. References to the tables for staff and consumables of Clause 5
and the payload of Clause 7 are included.
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