SIST EN IEC 60384-1:2021
(Main)Fixed capacitors for use in electronic equipment - Part 1: Generic specification (IEC 60384-1:2021)
Fixed capacitors for use in electronic equipment - Part 1: Generic specification (IEC 60384-1:2021)
This part of IEC 60384 is a generic specification and is applicable to fixed capacitors for use in electronic equipment.
It establishes standard terms, inspection procedures and methods of test for use in sectional and detail specifications of electronic components for quality assessment or any other purpose.
Festkondensatoren zur Verwendung in Geräten der Elektronik - Teil 1: Fachgrundspezifikation (IEC 60384-1:2021)
Condensateurs fixes utilisés dans les équipements électroniques - Partie 1: Spécification générique (IEC 60384-1:2021)
L’IEC 60384:2021 est une spécification générique qui s’applique aux condensateurs fixes utilisés dans les équipements électroniques. Elle établit des définitions, des procédures de contrôle et des méthodes d’essai normalisées à utiliser dans les spécifications intermédiaires et particulières des composants électroniques, pour les systèmes d’assurance de la qualité ou pour tout autre usage.
Cette édition inclut les modifications techniques majeures suivantes par rapport à l’édition précédente:
a) le document a été entièrement restructuré pour se conformer aux Directives ISO/IEC, Partie 2; une nouvelle catégorisation des méthodes d’essai a été introduite et les méthodes d’essai ont été réorganisées selon ces nouvelles catégories; les tableaux, figures et références ont été révisés en conséquence;
b) l’Annexe X a été ajoutée à des fins de comparaison avec l’édition précédente.
Nespremenljivi kondenzatorji za elektronsko opremo - 1. del: Splošna specifikacija (IEC 60384-1:2021)
General Information
Relations
Standards Content (Sample)
SLOVENSKI STANDARD
01-november-2021
Nadomešča:
SIST EN 60384-1:2016
Nespremenljivi kondenzatorji za elektronsko opremo - 1. del: Splošna specifikacija
(IEC 60384-1:2021)
Fixed capacitors for use in electronic equipment - Part 1: Generic specification (IEC
60384-1:2021)
Festkondensatoren zur Verwendung in Geräten der Elektronik - Teil 1:
Fachgrundspezifikation (IEC 60384-1:2021)
Condensateurs fixes utilisés dans les équipements électroniques - Partie 1: Spécification
générique (IEC 60384-1:2021)
Ta slovenski standard je istoveten z: EN IEC 60384-1:2021
ICS:
31.060.10 Fiksni kondenzatorji Fixed capacitors
2003-01.Slovenski inštitut za standardizacijo. Razmnoževanje celote ali delov tega standarda ni dovoljeno.
EUROPEAN STANDARD EN IEC 60384-1
NORME EUROPÉENNE
EUROPÄISCHE NORM
August 2021
ICS 31.060.10 Supersedes EN 60384-1:2016 and all of its amendments
and corrigenda (if any)
English Version
Fixed capacitors for use in electronic equipment - Part 1:
Generic specification
(IEC 60384-1:2021)
Condensateurs fixes utilisés dans les équipements Festkondensatoren zur Verwendung in Geräten der
électroniques - Partie 1: Spécification générique Elektronik - Teil 1: Fachgrundspezifikation
(IEC 60384-1:2021) (IEC 60384-1:2021)
This European Standard was approved by CENELEC on 2021-08-20. CENELEC members are bound to comply with the CEN/CENELEC
Internal Regulations which stipulate the conditions for giving this European Standard the status of a national standard without any alteration.
Up-to-date lists and bibliographical references concerning such national standards may be obtained on application to the CEN-CENELEC
Management Centre or to any CENELEC member.
This European Standard exists in three official versions (English, French, German). A version in any other language made by translation
under the responsibility of a CENELEC member into its own language and notified to the CEN-CENELEC Management Centre has the
same status as the official versions.
CENELEC members are the national electrotechnical committees of Austria, Belgium, Bulgaria, Croatia, Cyprus, the Czech Republic,
Denmark, Estonia, Finland, France, Germany, Greece, Hungary, Iceland, Ireland, Italy, Latvia, Lithuania, Luxembourg, Malta, the
Netherlands, Norway, Poland, Portugal, Republic of North Macedonia, Romania, Serbia, Slovakia, Slovenia, Spain, Sweden, Switzerland,
Turkey and the United Kingdom.
European Committee for Electrotechnical Standardization
Comité Européen de Normalisation Electrotechnique
Europäisches Komitee für Elektrotechnische Normung
CEN-CENELEC Management Centre: Rue de la Science 23, B-1040 Brussels
© 2021 CENELEC All rights of exploitation in any form and by any means reserved worldwide for CENELEC Members.
Ref. No. EN IEC 60384-1:2021 E
European foreword
The text of document 40/2848/FDIS, future edition 6 of IEC 60384-1, prepared by IEC/TC 40
“Capacitors and resistors for electronic equipment” was submitted to the IEC-CENELEC parallel vote
and approved by CENELEC as EN IEC 60384-1:2021.
The following dates are fixed:
• latest date by which the document has to be implemented at national (dop) 2022–05–20
level by publication of an identical national standard or by endorsement
• latest date by which the national standards conflicting with the (dow) 2024–08–20
document have to be withdrawn
This document supersedes EN 60384-1:2016 and all of its amendments and corrigenda (if any).
Attention is drawn to the possibility that some of the elements of this document may be the subject of
patent rights. CENELEC shall not be held responsible for identifying any or all such patent rights.
Any feedback and questions on this document should be directed to the users’ national committee. A
complete listing of these bodies can be found on the CENELEC website.
Endorsement notice
The text of the International Standard IEC 60384-1:2021 was approved by CENELEC as a European
Standard without any modification.
In the official version, for Bibliography, the following notes have to be added for the standards
indicated:
IEC 60027 (series) NOTE Harmonized as EN 60027 (series)
IEC 60384-2 NOTE Harmonized as EN IEC 60384-2
IEC 60384-3 NOTE Harmonized as EN 60384-3
IEC 60384-3-1 NOTE Harmonized as EN 60384-3-1
IEC 60384-26 NOTE Harmonized as EN IEC 60384-26
IEC 60469:2013 NOTE Harmonized as EN 60469:2013 (not modified)
ISO 80000-1 NOTE Harmonized as EN ISO 80000-1
ISO 9000 NOTE Harmonized as EN ISO 9000
Annex ZA
(normative)
Normative references to international publications
with their corresponding European publications
The following documents are referred to in the text in such a way that some or all of their content
constitutes requirements of this document. For dated references, only the edition cited applies. For
undated references, the latest edition of the referenced document (including any amendments)
applies.
NOTE 1 Where an International Publication has been modified by common modifications, indicated by (mod), the
relevant EN/HD applies.
NOTE 2 Up-to-date information on the latest versions of the European Standards listed in this annex is available
here: www.cenelec.eu.
Publication Year Title EN/HD Year
IEC 60062 - Marking codes for resistors and capacitors EN 60062 -
IEC 60063 - Preferred number series for resistors and EN 60063 -
capacitors
IEC 60068-1 2013 Environmental testing - Part 1: General EN 60068-1 2014
and guidance
IEC 60068-2-1 - Environmental testing - Part 2–1: Tests - EN 60068-2-1 -
Test A: Cold
IEC 60068-2-2 2007 Environmental testing - Part 2–2: Tests - EN 60068-2-2 2007
Test B: Dry heat
IEC 60068-2-6 - Environmental testing - Part 2–6: Tests - EN 60068-2-6 -
Test Fc: Vibration (sinusoidal)
IEC 60068-2-13 - Environmental testing - Part 2–13: Tests - EN IEC 60068-2-13 -
Test M: Low air pressure
IEC 60068-2-14 - Environmental testing - Part 2–14: Tests - EN 60068-2-14 -
Test N: Change of temperature
IEC 60068-2-17 - Basic environmental testing procedures - EN 60068-2-17 -
Part 2–17: Tests - Test Q: Sealing
IEC 60068-2-20 - Environmental testing - Part 2–20: Tests - EN IEC 60068-2-20 -
Test Ta and Tb: Test methods for
solderability and resistance to soldering
heat of devices with leads
IEC 60068-2-21 - Environmental testing - Part 2–21: Tests - - -
Test U: Robustness of terminations and
integral mounting devices
IEC 60068-2-27 - Environmental testing - Part 2–27: Tests - EN 60068-2-27 -
Test Ea and guidance: Shock
IEC 60068-2-30 - Environmental testing - Part 2–30: Tests - EN 60068-2-30 -
Test Db: Damp heat, cyclic (12 h + 12 h
cycle)
IEC 60068-2-45 1980 Basic environmental testing procedures - EN 60068-2-45 1992
Part 2–45: Tests - Test XA and guidance:
Immersion in cleaning solvents
+ A1 1993 + A1 1993
IEC 60068-2-58 - Environmental testing - Part 2–58: Tests - EN 60068-2-58 -
Test Td: Test methods for solderability,
resistance to dissolution of metallization
and to soldering heat of surface mounting
devices (SMD)
IEC 60068-2-67 - Environmental testing - Part 2–67: Tests - EN 60068-2-67 -
Test Cy: Damp heat, steady-state,
accelerated test primarily intended for
components
IEC 60068-2-69 - Environmental testing - Part 2–69: Tests - EN 60068-2-69 -
Test Te/Tc: Solderability testing of
electronic components and printed boards
by the wetting balance (force
measurement) method
IEC 60068-2-78 - Environmental testing - Part 2–78: Tests - EN 60068-2-78 -
Test Cab: Damp heat, steady-state
IEC 60068-2-82 2019 Environmental testing - Part 2–82: Tests - EN IEC 60068-2-82 2019
Test Xw1: Whisker test methods for
components and parts used in electronic
assemblies
IEC 60294 - Measurement of the dimensions of a EN 60294 -
cylindrical component with axial
terminations
IEC 60695-11-5 - Fire hazard testing - Part 11–5: Test EN 60695-11-5 -
flames - Needle-flame test method -
Apparatus, confirmatory test arrangement
and guidance
IEC 60717 - Method for the determination of the space EN 60717 -
required by capacitors and resistors with
unidirectional terminations
IEC 61193-2 - Quality assessment systems - Part 2: EN 61193-2 -
Selection and use of sampling plans for
inspection of electronic components and
packages
IEC 61249-2-7 - Materials for printed boards and other EN 61249-2-7 -
interconnecting structures - Part 2–7:
Reinforced base materials clad and unclad
- Epoxide woven E-glass laminated sheet
of defined flammability (vertical burning
test), copper-clad
ISO 3 - Preferred numbers - Series of preferred - -
numbers
IEC 60384-1 ®
Edition 6.0 2021-07
INTERNATIONAL
STANDARD
NORME
INTERNATIONALE
Fixed capacitors for use in electronic equipment –
Part 1: Generic specification
Condensateurs fixes utilisés dans les équipements électroniques –
Partie 1: Spécification générique
INTERNATIONAL
ELECTROTECHNICAL
COMMISSION
COMMISSION
ELECTROTECHNIQUE
INTERNATIONALE
ICS 31.060.10 ISBN 978-2-8322-9973-9
– 2 – IEC 60384-1:2021 © IEC 2021
CONTENTS
FOREWORD . 5
INTRODUCTION . 7
1 Scope . 9
2 Normative references . 9
3 Terms and definitions . 10
4 General requirements . 15
4.1 Symbols, units and abbreviated terms . 15
4.2 Preferred values and additional technical requirements . 17
4.3 Marking . 19
5 General provisions for tests and measurement procedures . 19
5.1 General . 19
5.2 Standard atmospheric conditions . 20
5.3 Drying . 21
5.4 Storage . 21
5.5 Mounting (for surface mount capacitors only) . 22
6 Electrical tests and measurements . 25
6.1 Insulation resistance . 25
6.2 Voltage proof . 28
6.3 Capacitance . 32
6.4 Tangent of loss angle and equivalent series resistance (ESR) . 32
6.5 Leakage current . 33
6.6 Impedance . 34
6.7 Self-resonant frequency and inductance . 35
6.8 Variation of capacitance with temperature . 38
6.9 Surge . 40
6.10 High surge current test. 42
6.11 Charge and discharge tests and inrush current test . 44
6.12 Dielectric absorption . 45
6.13 Voltage transient overload (for aluminum electrolytic capacitors with non-
solid electrolyte) . 47
7 Mechanical tests and measurements . 48
7.1 Visual examination and check of dimensions . 48
7.2 Outer foil termination . 49
7.3 Robustness of terminations . 50
7.4 Vibration . 51
7.5 Bump (repetitive shock) . 52
7.6 Shock . 52
7.7 Shear test . 52
7.8 Substrate bending test . 53
7.9 Container sealing . 53
8 Environmental and climatic tests . 53
8.1 Rapid change of temperature . 53
8.2 Climatic sequence. 53
8.3 Damp heat, steady state . 55
8.4 Damp heat, steady state with voltage applied (for metallized film capacitors
only) . 55
IEC 60384-1:2021 © IEC 2021 – 3 –
8.5 Endurance . 56
8.6 Thermal stability test . 58
8.7 Characteristics at high and low temperatures . 58
8.8 Accelerated damp heat, steady state . 58
8.9 Accelerated damp heat, steady state (for multilayer ceramic capacitors only) . 59
9 Tests related to component assembly . 60
9.1 Resistance to soldering heat . 60
9.2 Solderability . 60
9.3 Whisker growth test . 61
9.4 Component solvent resistance . 62
9.5 Solvent resistance of marking . 62
10 Tests related to safety . 63
10.1 Passive flammability . 63
10.2 Pressure relief (for aluminum electrolytic capacitors) . 63
11 Quality assessment procedures . 64
Annex A (informative) Guidance on pulse testing of capacitors . 65
A.1 Overview. 65
A.2 Typical capacitor pulse conditions . 65
A.3 Effect of inductance on pulse testing . 66
Annex Q (informative) Quality assessment procedures . 67
Q.1 General . 67
Q.2 Qualification approval (QA) procedures . 70
Q.3 Capability approval (CA) procedures . 71
Q.4 Technology approval (TA) procedure . 73
Q.5 Rules for the preparation of detail specifications for capacitors and resistors
for electronic equipment for use within quality assessment systems . 74
Q.6 Layout of the first page of a PCP/CQC specification . 75
Q.7 Requirements for capability approval test report . 75
Q.8 Guidance on the extension of endurance tests on fixed capacitors . 76
Annex X (informative) Cross reference for references to the previous edition of this
document . 78
Bibliography . 80
Figure 1 – Specification system for fixed capacitors . 8
Figure 2 – Reactive power against frequency . 18
Figure 3 – Relation between category temperature range and applied voltage . 19
Figure 4 – Suitable substrate for mechanical tests . 24
Figure 5 – Suitable substrate for electrical tests . 25
Figure 6 – Voltage-proof test circuit . 29
Figure 7 – Schematic diagram of the impedance measuring circuit . 34
Figure 8 – Capacitor mounting arrangement for general use . 35
Figure 9 – Capacitor mounting arrangement for printed circuit use . 36
Figure 10 – Typical diagram of an absorption oscillator-wavemeter . 37
Figure 11 – Schematic diagram of the measuring circuit . 37
Figure 12 – Relay circuit . 41
Figure 13 – Thyristor circuit . 41
– 4 – IEC 60384-1:2021 © IEC 2021
Figure 14 – Voltage waveform across capacitor . 42
Figure 15 – High surge current test . 43
Figure 16 – Voltage and current waveform . 44
Figure 17 – Dielectric absorption test circuit . 46
Figure 18 – Voltage transient overload test circuit . 47
Figure 19 – Voltage waveform . 48
Figure 20 – Test circuit . 49
Figure 21 – Test circuit for electrolytic capacitors . 57
Table 1 – Referee conditions . 21
Table 2 – Measuring voltage of insulation resistance . 25
Table 3 – Measuring points . 28
Table 4 – Tensile force . 50
Table 5 – Torque . 51
Table 6 – Number of cycles . 55
Table 7 – Severities and requirements . 63
Table X.1 – Reference to IEC 60384-1 for clauses/subclauses or annexes . 78
Table X.2 – Reference to IEC 60384-1 for figures and tables . 79
IEC 60384-1:2021 © IEC 2021 – 5 –
INTERNATIONAL ELECTROTECHNICAL COMMISSION
____________
FIXED CAPACITORS FOR USE IN ELECTRONIC EQUIPMENT –
Part 1: Generic specification
FOREWORD
1) The International Electrotechnical Commission (IEC) is a worldwide organization for standardization comprising
all national electrotechnical committees (IEC National Committees). The object of IEC is to promote
international co-operation on all questions concerning standardization in the electrical and electronic fields. To
this end and in addition to other activities, IEC publishes International Standards, Technical Specifications,
Technical Reports, Publicly Available Specifications (PAS) and Guides (hereafter referred to as “IEC
Publication(s)”). Their preparation is entrusted to technical committees; any IEC National Committee interested
in the subject dealt with may participate in this preparatory work. International, governmental and non-
governmental organizations liaising with the IEC also participate in this preparation. IEC collaborates closely
with the International Organization for Standardization (ISO) in accordance with conditions determined by
agreement between the two organizations.
2) The formal decisions or agreements of IEC on technical matters express, as nearly as possible, an international
consensus of opinion on the relevant subjects since each technical committee has representation from all
interested IEC National Committees.
3) IEC Publications have the form of recommendations for international use and are accepted by IEC National
Committees in that sense. While all reasonable efforts are made to ensure that the technical content of IEC
Publications is accurate, IEC cannot be held responsible for the way in which they are used or for any
misinterpretation by any end user.
4) In order to promote international uniformity, IEC National Committees undertake to apply IEC Publications
transparently to the maximum extent possible in their national and regional publications. Any divergence
between any IEC Publication and the corresponding national or regional publication shall be clearly indicated in
the latter.
5) IEC itself does not provide any attestation of conformity. Independent certification bodies provide conformity
assessment services and, in some areas, access to IEC marks of conformity. IEC is not responsible for any
services carried out by independent certification bodies.
6) All users should ensure that they have the latest edition of this publication.
7) No liability shall attach to IEC or its directors, employees, servants or agents including individual experts and
members of its technical committees and IEC National Committees for any personal injury, property damage or
other damage of any nature whatsoever, whether direct or indirect, or for costs (including legal fees) and
expenses arising out of the publication, use of, or reliance upon, this IEC Publication or any other IEC
Publications.
8) Attention is drawn to the Normative references cited in this publication. Use of the referenced publications is
indispensable for the correct application of this publication.
9) Attention is drawn to the possibility that some of the elements of this IEC Publication may be the subject of
patent rights. IEC shall not be held responsible for identifying any or all such patent rights.
IEC 60384-1 has been prepared by IEC technical committee 40: Capacitors and resistors for
electronic equipment. It is an International Standard.
This sixth edition cancels and replaces the fifth edition published in 2016. This edition
constitutes a technical revision.
This edition includes the following significant technical changes with respect to the previous
edition:
a) The document has been completely restructured to comply with the ISO/IEC Directives,
Part 2; a new technical categorization of test methods has been introduced and the test
methods have been reorganized according to these new categories; tables, figures and
references have been revised accordingly.
b) Annex X has been added for comparison with the previous edition.
– 6 – IEC 60384-1:2021 © IEC 2021
The text of this International Standard is based on the following documents:
FDIS Report on voting
40/2848/FDIS 40/2859/RVD
Full information on the voting for its approval can be found in the report on voting indicated in
the above table.
The language used for the development of this International Standard is English.
This document was drafted in accordance with ISO/IEC Directives, Part 2, and developed in
accordance with ISO/IEC Directives, Part 1 and ISO/IEC Directives, IEC Supplement,
available at www.iec.ch/members_experts/refdocs. The main document types developed by
IEC are described in greater detail at www.iec.ch/standardsdev/publications.
A list of all parts in the IEC 60384 series, published under the general title Fixed capacitors
for use in electronic equipment, can be found on the IEC website.
The committee has decided that the contents of this document will remain unchanged until the
stability date indicated on the IEC website under webstore.iec.ch in the data related to the
specific document. At this date, the document will be
• reconfirmed,
• withdrawn,
• replaced by a revised edition, or
• amended.
IEC 60384-1:2021 © IEC 2021 – 7 –
INTRODUCTION
The specification system for fixed capacitors for use in electronic equipment is structured in a
hierarchical system consisting of the following specification types. See Figure 1.
Generic specification
The generic specification covers all subjects mainly common to the family of fixed capacitors
for use in electronic equipment, such as terminology, methods of measurement and tests.
Where the individual subjects require the conditions or parameters for provisions specific to
the particular subfamily or type of fixed capacitor, such are required to be given by one of the
subordinate specifications.
For the scope of fixed capacitors, the numeric reference to the generic specification is
IEC 60384-1.
Sectional specification
Sectional specifications cover all subjects additional to those given in the generic
specification, which are specific to a defined subgroup of fixed capacitors. These subjects
normally are preferred values for dimensions and characteristics, additional test methods and
relevant provisions for test methods given in the generic specification, requirements for
sampling and for the preparation of specimen, recommended test severities and preferred
acceptance criteria. The sectional specification also outlines the structure and scope of the
test schedules which are to be applied in all subordinate detail specifications.
For the scope of fixed capacitors, the numeric references to the sectional specifications reach
from IEC 60384-2 for polyester film capacitors to currently IEC 60384-26 for aluminum
electrolytic capacitors with conductive polymer solid electrolyte. The variety of sectional
specifications may be adapted to the portfolio of different technologies of fixed capacitors.
Detail specification
Detail specifications give directly, or by referring to other specifications, all information
necessary to completely describe a given type and range of fixed capacitors, including
requirements of all values for dimensions and characteristics. They also give all information
required for the quality assessment of the covered type and range of fixed capacitors within a
suitable quality assessment system, including requirements for all applied test severities and
acceptance criteria, and the completed test schedules.
Detail specifications can be either specifications within the IEC system, another specification
system linked to IEC, or specified by the manufacturer or user.
For the scope of fixed capacitors, the numeric references to detail specifications are for
example IEC 60384-3-101, if related to the sectional specification IEC 60384-3 and to the
ancillary blank detail specification IEC 60384-3-1.
Blank detail specification
The hierarchical system of specifications is supplemented by one or more blank detail
specifications to a sectional specification, which are used to ensure a uniform presentation of
detail specifications.
The blank detail specifications provide the specification writer with a template on the layout to
be adopted and on the information to be given and with guidance for the preparation of detail
specifications in line with the requirements of the superior generic or sectional specifications.
– 8 – IEC 60384-1:2021 © IEC 2021
Blank detail specifications are not considered as relevant specifications since they do not
themselves describe any particular component.
The presence of an established hierarchical specification system with blank detail
specifications permits the preparation of detail specifications even outside of the relevant IEC
technical committee.
For the scope of fixed capacitors, the numeric references to blank detail specifications are, for
example, IEC 60384-3-1, if related to the sectional specification IEC 60384-3.
Relevant specification
In this system the term "relevant specification" addresses subordinate specifications
containing specific requirements, where applicable.
Any generic or sectional specification may use abstract and universal references to
subordinate specifications of either hierarchical level by use of the expression "relevant
specification".
Key
1 Indicates the range of "Relevant specifications" to the superior generic specification, where applicable.
2 Indicates the range of "Relevant specifications" to the superior sectional specification, where applicable.
Figure 1 – Specification system for fixed capacitors
IEC 60384-1:2021 © IEC 2021 – 9 –
FIXED CAPACITORS FOR USE IN ELECTRONIC EQUIPMENT –
Part 1: Generic specification
1 Scope
This part of IEC 60384 is a generic specification and is applicable to fixed capacitors for use
in electronic equipment.
It establishes standard terms, inspection procedures and methods of test for use in sectional
and detail specifications of electronic components for quality assessment or any other
purpose.
2 Normative references
The following documents are referred to in the text in such a way that some or all of their
content constitutes requirements of this document. For dated references, only the edition
cited applies. For undated references, the latest edition of the referenced document (including
any amendments) applies.
IEC 60062, Marking codes for resistors and capacitors
IEC 60063, Preferred number series for resistors and capacitors
IEC 60068-1:2013, Environmental testing – Part 1: General and guidance
IEC 60068-2-1, Environmental testing – Part 2-1: Tests – Tests A: Cold
IEC 60068-2-2:2007, Environmental testing – Part 2-2: Tests – Tests B: Dry heat
IEC 60068-2-6, Environmental testing – Part 2-6: Tests – Test Fc: Vibration (sinusoidal)
IEC 60068-2-13, Environmental testing – Part 2-13: Tests – Test M: Low air pressure
IEC 60068-2-14, Environmental testing – Part 2-14: Tests – Test N: Change of temperature
IEC 60068-2-17, Basic environmental testing procedures – Part 2-17: Tests – Test Q: Sealing
IEC 60068-2-20, Environmental testing – Part 2-20: Tests – Test Ta and Tb: Test methods for
solderability and resistance to soldering heat of devices with leads
IEC 60068-2-21, Environmental testing – Part 2-21: Tests – Test U: Robustness of
terminations and integral mounting devices
IEC 60068-2-27, Environmental testing – Part 2-27: Tests – Test Ea and guidance: Shock
IEC 60068-2-30, Environmental testing – Part 2-30: Tests – Test Db: Damp heat, cyclic (12 h
+ 12 h cycle)
– 10 – IEC 60384-1:2021 © IEC 2021
IEC 60068-2-45:1980, Basic environmental testing procedures – Part 2-45: Tests – Test XA
and guidance: Immersion in cleaning solvents
IEC 60068-2-45:1980/AMD1:1993
IEC 60068-2-58, Environmental testing – Part 2-58: Tests – Test Td: Test methods for
solderability, resistance to dissolution of metallization and to soldering heat of surface
mounting devices (SMD)
IEC 60068-2-67, Environmental testing – Part 2-67: Tests – Test Cy: Damp heat, steady state,
accelerated test primarily intended for components
IEC 60068-2-69, Environmental testing – Part 2-69: Tests – Test Te/Tc: Solderability testing
of electronic components and printed boards by the wetting balance (force measurement)
method
IEC 60068-2-78, Environmental testing – Part 2-78: Tests – Test Cab: Damp heat, steady
state
IEC 60068-2-82:2019, Environmental testing – Part 2-82: Tests – Test Xw1: Whisker test
methods for components and parts used in electronic assemblies
IEC 60294, Measurement of the dimensions of a cylindrical component with axial terminations
IEC 60695-11-5, Fire hazard testing – Part 11-5: Test flames – Needle-flame test method –
Apparatus, confirmatory test arrangement and guidance
IEC 60717, Method for the determination of the space required by capacitors and resistors
with unidirectional terminations
IEC 61193-2, Quality assessment systems – Part 2: Selection and use of sampling plans for
inspection of electronic components and packages
IEC 61249-2-7, Materials for printed boards and other interconnecting structures – Part 2-7:
Reinforced base materials clad and unclad – Epoxide woven E-glass laminated sheet of
defined flammability (vertical burning test), copper-clad
ISO 3, Preferred numbers – Series of preferred numbers
3 Terms and definitions
For the purposes of this document and the subordinate specifications, the following terms and
definitions apply.
ISO and IEC maintain terminological databases for use in standardization at the following
addresses:
• IEC Electropedia: available at http://www.electropedia.org/
• ISO Online browsing platform: available at http://www.iso.org/obp
NOTE They have been listed in alphabetical order.
3.1
AC capacitor
capacitor designed essentially for application with alternating voltages
IEC 60384-1:2021 © IEC 2021 – 11 –
3.2
bipolar capacitor
capacitor designed to withstand an alternating voltage and/or reversal
of the applied direct voltage
3.3
category of passive flammability
category indicating the maximum burning time after a specified time of flame application
3.4
category temperature range
ambient temperature range for which the capacitor has been designed to operate continuously
Note 1 to entry: The temperature range is limited by the lower and upper category temperature (see 3.10 and
3.41).
3.5
category voltage
U
C
maximum voltage that can be applied continuously to a capacitor at its upper category
temperature (3.41)
3.6
DC capacitor
capacitor designed essentially for application with direct voltage
Note 1 to entry: It may not be suitable for use on AC supplies.
3.7
family
group of components which predominantly displays a particular
physical attribute and/or fulfils a defined function
3.8
grade
additional general characteristic concerning the intended application of the component
3.9
insulated capacitor
capacitor in which all terminations of a section may be raised to a potential different (but not
less than the rated voltage) from that of any conducting surface with which the case is liable
to come into contact in normal use
3.10
lower category temperature
LCT
minimum ambient temperature for which a capacitor has been designed to operate
continuously
Note 1 to entry: The lower category temperature in some tests is abbreviated as T .
A
3.11
maximum storage temperature
maximum ambient temperature which the capacitor withstands in the non-operating condition
without damage
3.12
maximum temperature
temperature at the hottest point of its external surface
– 12 – IEC 60384-1:2021 © IEC 2021
Note 1 to entry: The terminations are considered to be part of the external surface.
3.13
minimum storage temperature
minimum ambient temperature which the capacitor withstands in the non-operating condition
without damage
3.14
minimum temperature
temperature at the coldest point of the external surface
Note 1 to entry: The terminations are considered to be part of the external surface.
3.15
nominal capacitance
C
N
designated capacitance value, usually indicated on the capacitor
3.16
passive flammability
ability of a capacitor to burn with a flame as a consequence of the application of an external
source of heat
3.17
polar capacitor
capacitor intended for use with a unidirectional voltage connected
according to the polarity indication
3.18
pulse capacitor
capacitor for use with pulses of current or voltage
Note 1 to entry: The definitions of IEC 60469 apply.
3.19
pulse equivalent circuit
equivalent circuit consisting of an ideal capacitor in series with its residual
inductance and the equivalent series resistance (ESR)
Note 1 to entry: For pulse operation the equivalent series resistance will be similar to, but not identical with, the
ESR measured with a sinusoidal voltage. The pulse ESR depends on the series of harmonics in the pulse and the
variation of the losses with frequency.
3.20
rated AC load
maximum sinusoidal AC load which may be applied continuously to the terminations of a
capacitor at any temperature between the lower category temperature (3.10) and the rated
temperature (3.24)
3.21
rated pulse load
maximum pulse load which may be applied at a certain pulse repetition frequency to the
terminations of a capacitor at any temperature between the lower category temperature (3.10)
and the rated temperature (3.24)
3.22
rated ripple current
RMS value of the maximum allowable alternating current of a specified frequency, at which
the capacitor can be operated continuously at a specified temperature
IEC 60384-1:2021 © IEC 2021 – 13 –
Note 1 to entry: As the ripple current will generate a ripple voltage across the capacitor, the sum of the direct
voltage and the peak value of the alternating voltage applied to the capacitor should not exceed the rated voltage
or temperature derated voltage, as applicable.
3.23
rated ripple voltage
RMS value of the maximum allowable alternating voltage at a specified frequency
superimposed on the DC voltage at which the capacitor may be operated continuously at a
specified temperature
Note 1 to entry: The sum of the direct voltage and the peak value of the alternating voltage applied to the
capacitor should not exceed the rated voltage or temperature derated voltage, as applicable.
3.24
rated temperature
maximum ambient temperature at which the rated voltage may be continuously applied
3.25
rated voltage
U
R
3.25.1
rated DC voltage
maximum DC voltage which may be applied continuously to a capacitor at the rated
temperature (3.24)
Note 1 to entry: The maximum DC voltage is the sum of the DC voltage and peak AC voltage or peak pulse
voltage applied to the capacitor.
3.25.2
rated AC voltage
maximum RMS alternating voltage which may be applied continuously to a capacitor at the
rated temperature (3.24) and at a given frequency
3.25.3
rated pulse voltage
peak value of the pulse voltage within a given pulse wave form which may be applied
continuously to a capacitor at the rated temperature (3.24)
3.26
reverse voltage
voltage applied to the capacitor terminations in the reverse polarity direction
Note 1 to entry: Reverse voltage applies to polar capacitors only.
3.27
self-healing
process by which the electrical properties of the capacitor, after a local breakdown of the
dielectric, are rapidly and essentially restored to the values before the breakdown
3.28
style
subdivision of a type (3.39), generally based on dimensional factors, which may include
several variants, generally of a mechanical order
3.29
subfamily
group of components within a family (3.7) manufactured by similar
technological methods
– 14 – IEC 60384-1:2021 © IEC 2021
3.30
surface mount capacitor
fixed capacitor whose small dimensions and nature or shape of terminations make it suitable
for use in hybrid circuits and on printed boards
3.31
surge voltage ratio
quotient of the maximum instantaneous voltage which can be applied to the terminations of
the capacitor for a specified time at any temperature within the category temperature range
(3.4) and the rated voltage (3.25) or the temperature derated voltage (3.36), as appropriate
3.32
tangent of loss angle
tan δ
power loss of the capacitor divided b
...
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