SIST EN 1493:2023
(Main)Vehicle lifts
Vehicle lifts
This document is applicable to stationary and mobile vehicle lifts, which are not intended to lift persons but which are designed to raise vehicles totally, for the purpose of examining and working on or under the vehicles whilst in a raised position. The vehicle lift may consist of one or more lifting units.
Power supply to the vehicle lift by internal combustion engines is not considered.
The floor or ground supporting the vehicle lift in use is assumed to be horizontal.
This document does not exclude a person from entering a lifted vehicle on wheel supporting lifts, e.g. for special works or for periodical technical inspection, and vehicle lifts for rail-bound vehicles.
This document does not contain requirements for hazards which may arise on vehicle lifts where the carrying device can be tilted.
NOTE Noise does not play a role in vehicle lifts in the majority of cases and is therefore not considered in this document.
This document does not apply to:
- vehicle lifts movable when loaded;
- equipment for power driven parking of motor vehicles (see EN 14010:2003+A1:2009).
This document is applicable to vehicle lifts which are manufactured six months after the date of its publication as a European Standard.
Fahrzeug-Hebebühnen
Dieses Dokument ist anzuwenden für stationäre, fahrbare und ortsveränderliche Fahrzeug-Hebebühnen, die bestimmungsgemäß nicht für das Heben von Personen, sondern zum vollständigen Anheben von Fahrzeugen vorgesehen sind, um die angehobenen Fahrzeuge zu untersuchen und an oder unter ihnen in aufrechter Position zu arbeiten. Fahrzeug-Hebebühnen können aus einer oder mehreren Hubeinheiten bestehen.
Ein Antrieb der Fahrzeug-Hebebühne durch Verbrennungsmotoren wird nicht betrachtet.
Es wird vorausgesetzt, dass der Boden, auf dem die Fahrzeug-Hebebühne benutzt wird, horizontal ist.
Dieses Dokument schließt nicht aus, dass eine Person bei Hebebühnen, die das Fahrzeug an den Rädern aufnehmen, in ein angehobenes Fahrzeug einsteigen kann, z. B. für besondere Arbeiten oder für die periodische technische Inspektion, sowie bei Fahrzeug-Hebebühnen für schienengebundene Fahrzeuge.
Dieses Dokument enthält keine Anforderungen für Gefahren, die bei Fahrzeug-Hebebühnen auftreten können, bei denen das Tragmittel gekippt werden kann.
ANMERKUNG Lärm spielt bei Fahrzeug-Hebebühnen in den meisten Fällen keine Rolle und wird daher in diesem Dokument nicht behandelt.
Dieses Dokument ist nicht anzuwenden für:
— in beladenem Zustand verfahrbare Fahrzeug-Hebebühnen;
— kraftbetriebene Parkeinrichtungen für Kraftfahrzeuge (siehe EN 14010:2003+A1:2009).
Dieses Dokument ist anwendbar für Fahrzeug-Hebebühnen, die sechs Monate nach der Veröffentlichung als Europäische Norm hergestellt wurden.
Élévateurs de véhicules
Le présent document est applicable aux élévateurs de véhicules fixes et mobiles, qui ne sont pas prévus pour le levage de personnes, mais qui sont conçus pour élever des véhicules en totalité, afin de permettre les travaux de vérification, d'entretien et de réparation sur ou sous le véhicule lorsqu'il est en position levée. L'élévateur de véhicule peut consister en une ou plusieurs unités de levage.
L'alimentation en énergie de l'élévateur de véhicule par des moteurs à combustion interne n'a pas été envisagée.
Le plancher ou le sol supportant l'élévateur de véhicule lors du fonctionnement est supposé être horizontal.
Ce document n'exclut pas une personne entrant dans un véhicule levé sur des élévateurs à prise sous roues, p. ex. pour des travaux particuliers ou une inspection technique périodique et des élévateurs de véhicule pour des véhicules guidés sur rails.
Ce document ne contient pas d'exigences relatives aux dangers pouvant survenir sur des élévateurs de véhicule dans lesquels le dispositif support peut être incliné.
NOTE Le bruit ne joue pas de rôle dans les élévateurs de véhicules dans la majorité des cas, et n'est donc pas pris en compte dans le présent document.
Ce document ne s'applique pas :
- aux élévateurs de véhicules déplaçables, lorsqu'ils sont chargés ;
- aux équipements pour le stationnement motorisé de véhicules à moteur (voir EN 14010:2003+A1:2009).
Ce document est applicable aux élévateurs de véhicule qui sont fabriqués six mois après sa date de publication en norme européenne.
Dvigala za servisiranje vozil
Ta dokument se navezuje na stacionarna, mobilna in premična dvigala za servisiranje vozil, ki niso namenjena dvigovanju oseb, ampak so zasnovana za dvig celotnih vozil, za pregledovanje in delo na dvignjenih vozilih ali pod njimi. Dvigala za servisiranje vozil so lahko sestavljena iz ene ali več dvižnih enot.
Napajanje dvigal za servisiranje vozil z motorji z notranjim zgorevanjem ni obravnavano.
Predpostavlja se, da so tla na mestu uporabe dvigala za servisiranje vozil vodoravna.
Dokument ne izključuje morebitnega vstopa osebe v dvignjeno vozilo na dvigalu s podporo kolesih (npr. za posebna dela ali občasne tehnične preglede) in dvigalu za tirna vozila.
Dokument ne vsebuje zahtev za preprečevanje nevarnosti, ki se lahko pojavijo pri uporabi dvigal za servisiranje vozil, ko je nosilna naprava nagnjena.
Dokument se ne uporablja za naprave za električno parkiranje motornih vozil (glej EN 14010). Dokument se uporablja za dvigala za servisiranje vozil, izdelana šest mesecev po datumu njegove objave kot standarda EN.
General Information
Relations
Standards Content (Sample)
SLOVENSKI STANDARD
01-januar-2023
Nadomešča:
SIST EN 1493:2010
Dvigala za servisiranje vozil
Vehicle lifts
Fahrzeug-Hebebühnen
Élévateurs de véhicules
Ta slovenski standard je istoveten z: EN 1493:2022
ICS:
43.180 Diagnostična, vdrževalna in Diagnostic, maintenance and
preskusna oprema test equipment
53.020.99 Druga dvigalna oprema Other lifting equipment
2003-01.Slovenski inštitut za standardizacijo. Razmnoževanje celote ali delov tega standarda ni dovoljeno.
EN 1493
EUROPEAN STANDARD
NORME EUROPÉENNE
November 2022
EUROPÄISCHE NORM
ICS 43.180; 53.020.99 Supersedes EN 1493:2010
English Version
Vehicle lifts
Élévateurs de véhicules Fahrzeug-Hebebühnen
This European Standard was approved by CEN on 12 September 2022.
CEN members are bound to comply with the CEN/CENELEC Internal Regulations which stipulate the conditions for giving this
European Standard the status of a national standard without any alteration. Up-to-date lists and bibliographical references
concerning such national standards may be obtained on application to the CEN-CENELEC Management Centre or to any CEN
member.
This European Standard exists in three official versions (English, French, German). A version in any other language made by
translation under the responsibility of a CEN member into its own language and notified to the CEN-CENELEC Management
Centre has the same status as the official versions.
CEN members are the national standards bodies of Austria, Belgium, Bulgaria, Croatia, Cyprus, Czech Republic, Denmark, Estonia,
Finland, France, Germany, Greece, Hungary, Iceland, Ireland, Italy, Latvia, Lithuania, Luxembourg, Malta, Netherlands, Norway,
Poland, Portugal, Republic of North Macedonia, Romania, Serbia, Slovakia, Slovenia, Spain, Sweden, Switzerland, Türkiye and
United Kingdom.
EUROPEAN COMMITTEE FOR STANDARDIZATION
COMITÉ EUROPÉEN DE NORMALISATION
EUROPÄISCHES KOMITEE FÜR NORMUNG
CEN-CENELEC Management Centre: Rue de la Science 23, B-1040 Brussels
© 2022 CEN All rights of exploitation in any form and by any means reserved Ref. No. EN 1493:2022 E
worldwide for CEN national Members.
Contents Page
European foreword . 5
Introduction . 6
1 Scope . 7
2 Normative references . 7
3 Terms and definitions . 8
3.1 General . 8
3.2 Lift parts . 10
3.3 Lift type . 13
3.4 Safety related parts . 15
4 Safety requirements and/or measures . 17
4.1 General . 17
4.2 Preventing unauthorised operation. 17
4.3 Control devices . 17
4.3.1 Hold-to-run control . 17
4.3.2 Grouped control devices . 17
4.3.3 Logical operation . 17
4.3.4 Marking . 17
4.3.5 Unintentional operation . 17
4.4 Controls . 17
4.4.1 General . 17
4.4.2 Fixed controls . 18
4.4.3 Mobile controls . 18
4.4.4 Controlling multiple Lifting Unit Lift . 19
4.4.5 Emergency stop device . 19
4.4.6 Stopping device . 20
4.5 Duplicated drive systems . 20
4.6 Speeds. 20
4.7 Structural design of the supporting structure . 20
4.7.1 General . 20
4.7.2 Loads and forces . 20
4.7.3 Load combinations . 23
4.7.4 Load distribution . 24
4.7.5 Lifting elements . 32
4.7.6 Proof of stability against overturning . 35
4.8 Drive system . 36
4.8.1 Preventing uncontrolled motion . 36
4.8.2 Preventing inadvertent moving from stationary condition when raised . 36
4.8.3 Additional requirements for mechanical drives . 36
4.8.4 Additional requirements for hydraulic drives . 36
4.8.5 Additional requirements for pneumatic drives . 37
4.9 Load carrying devices . 38
4.9.1 Unintended motion of the load carrying device. 38
4.9.2 Vehicle pick-up-plates . 38
4.9.3 Vehicle pick-up pads . 40
4.9.4 Locking systems of carrying arms . 40
4.9.5 Prevention of rolling off . 41
4.10 Additional requirements for lifts with balconies . 42
4.11 Limiting the travel of the load carrying device . 42
4.12 Unintended blocking of the load carrying device . 43
4.13 Safety against rupture of mechanical lifting elements. 43
4.14 Safety against leakage . 44
4.14.1 Limiting the lowering speed . 44
4.14.2 Protection against leakage . 44
4.15 Additional requirements for lifts with more than one lifting units . 44
4.16 Additional requirements for mobile lifts . 45
4.16.1 Safety against unintended motion . 45
4.16.2 Service brakes for vehicle lifts using powered mobility . 45
4.16.3 Devices for moving manually mobile lifts . 45
4.16.4 Derailment protection . 45
4.16.5 Forces . 45
4.16.6 Visibility . 45
4.17 Protection against pinching and shearing . 45
4.17.1 General . 45
4.17.2 Safety distances . 46
4.17.3 Other safety measures . 46
4.18 Safety devices . 47
4.18.1 General . 47
4.18.2 Arrangement . 47
4.18.3 Function of mechanical safety devices . 47
4.18.4 Safety switches . 47
4.18.5 Springs in safety devices . 47
4.19 Protection against damage . 48
4.19.1 Wearing parts . 48
4.19.2 Lead screws . 48
4.19.3 Installation of hoses, pipes and electrical equipment . 48
4.20 Manually driven vehicle lifts . 48
4.21 Electrical equipment . 48
4.21.1 General . 48
4.21.2 IP-code . 48
4.21.3 Means of disconnecting the power supply . 48
4.21.4 Batteries . 49
4.22 Special requirements for vehicle lifts where it is permitted to stand under the load
during lifting and lowering movement . 49
4.22.1 Control devices . 49
4.22.2 Control positions. 49
4.22.3 Lifting and lowering speed . 49
4.22.4 Safety against rupture or leakage of load bearing devices . 49
4.22.5 Operation instructions . 49
4.23 Additional requirements for vehicle lifts for motorcycles . 49
5 Verification of the safety requirements and/or measures . 50
5.1 General . 50
5.2 Introduction . 53
5.3 Design check . 53
5.4 Manufacturing check . 54
5.5 Visual verification . 54
5.6 Practical tests . 54
5.6.1 General . 54
5.6.2 Overload dynamic test. 54
5.6.3 Overload static test . 54
5.6.4 Functional tests . 55
5.6.5 Electrical tests . 55
6 Information for use . 55
6.1 General . 55
6.2 Marking . 55
6.3 Operation instructions . 56
6.3.1 Complete instructions . 56
6.3.2 Digest of the instructions for use . 58
6.4 Name plate . 58
Annex A (informative) List of significant hazards . 59
Annex B (informative) Structural calculations . 61
Annex C (informative) Examples of solutions . 66
Annex D (informative) Example of information about wind . 98
Annex E (normative) Test procedure for unintended blocking of the load carrying device
(4.12) . 99
Annex F (normative) Additional requirements for wireless controls and control systems . 100
Annex G (normative) Deflection test of a chassis supporting lift with carrying arms . 104
Annex H (normative) Test method for platform end stop . 106
Annex I (normative) Arm locking device proof test procedure . 110
Annex J (normative) Test method for end stop of telescopic arms . 111
Bibliography . 112
European foreword
This document (EN 1493:2022) has been prepared by Technical Committee CEN/TC 98 “Lifting
platforms”, the secretariat of which, is held by DIN.
This European Standard shall be given the status of a national standard, either by publication of an
identical text or by endorsement, at the latest by May 2023, and conflicting national standards shall be
withdrawn at the latest by May 2023.
Attention is drawn to the possibility that some of the elements of this document may be the subject of
patent rights. CEN shall not be held responsible for identifying any or all such patent rights.
This document supersedes EN 1493:2010.
This document has been prepared under a Standardization Request given to CEN by the European
Commission and the European Free Trade Association.
Any feedback and questions on this document should be directed to the users’ national standards body.
A complete listing of these bodies can be found on the CEN website.
According to the CEN-CENELEC Internal Regulations, the national standards organisations of the
following countries are bound to implement this European Standard: Austria, Belgium, Bulgaria,
Croatia, Cyprus, Czech Republic, Denmark, Estonia, Finland, France, Germany, Greece, Hungary, Iceland,
Ireland, Italy, Latvia, Lithuania, Luxembourg, Malta, Netherlands, Norway, Poland, Portugal, Republic of
North Macedonia, Romania, Serbia, Slovakia, Slovenia, Spain, Sweden, Switzerland, Türkiye and the
United Kingdom.
Introduction
This document is a type C standard as stated in EN ISO 12100:2010.
The machinery concerned and the extent to which hazards, hazardous situations and hazardous events
are covered, are both indicated in the scope of this document. In addition, machinery should comply as
appropriate with EN ISO 12100:2010 for hazards which are not covered by this document.
When provisions of this type C standard are different from those which are stated in type A or B
standards, the provisions of this type C standard take precedence over the provisions of the other
standards, for machines that have been designed and built according to the provisions of this type C
standard.
The object of this document is to define rules for safeguarding persons against the risk of accidents
associated with the operation of vehicle lifts.
While devising this document it was assumed that only authorized persons operate or use the vehicle
lifts and that the working area is sufficiently lit.
The requirement concerning loading control is not deemed pertinent to this document in so far as:
— experience and the state of the art suggests that failing to observe this requirement has not
historically given rise to unsafe situations;
— such devices which would give protection against overall and local overloading are not currently
available in forms which cover all eventualities;
— the weight and weight distribution is freely available for the type of vehicles to be lifted and as such
it is the responsibility of the user to prevent an unsafe situation arising;
— vehicle lifts are generally designed to suit the maximum weight of vehicle to which it would
reasonably be subjected, hence the normal duty of a lift is substantially lower than the maximum.
1 Scope
This document is applicable to stationary and mobile vehicle lifts, which are not intended to lift persons
but which are designed to raise vehicles totally, for the purpose of examining and working on or under
the vehicles whilst in a raised position. The vehicle lift may consist of one or more lifting units.
Power supply to the vehicle lift by internal combustion engines is not considered.
The floor or ground supporting the vehicle lift in use is assumed to be horizontal.
This document does not exclude a person from entering a lifted vehicle on wheel supporting lifts, e.g.
for special works or for periodical technical inspection, and vehicle lifts for rail-bound vehicles.
This document does not contain requirements for hazards which may arise on vehicle lifts where the
carrying device can be tilted.
NOTE Noise does not play a role in vehicle lifts in the majority of cases and is therefore not considered in this
document.
This document does not apply to:
— vehicle lifts movable when loaded;
— equipment for power driven parking of motor vehicles (see EN 14010:2003+A1:2009).
This document is applicable to vehicle lifts which are manufactured six months after the date of its
publication as a European Standard.
2 Normative references
The following documents are referred to in the text in such a way that some or all of their content
constitutes requirements of this document. For dated references, only the edition cited applies. For
undated references, the latest edition of the referenced document (including any amendments) applies.
EN 13557:2003+A2:2008, Cranes - Controls and control stations
EN 60204-1:2018, Safety of machinery - Electrical equipment of machines - Part 1: General requirements
(IEC 60204-1:2016, modified)
EN 60204-32:2008, Safety of machinery - Electrical equipment of machines - Part 32: Requirements for
hoisting machines (IEC 60204-32:2008)
EN 60529:1991 , Degrees of protection provided by enclosures (IP Code)
EN 60947-5-1:2017 , Low-voltage switchgear and controlgear - Part 5-1: Control circuit devices and
switching elements - Electromechanical control circuit devices
EN ISO 4413:2010, Hydraulic fluid power - General rules and safety requirements for systems and their
components (ISO 4413:2010)
EN ISO 4414:2010, Pneumatic fluid power - General rules and safety requirements for systems and their
components (ISO 4414:2010)
As impacted by EN 60529:1991/A1:2000 and EN 60529:1991/A2:2013.
As impacted by EN 60947-5-1:2017/AC:2020-05.
EN ISO 12100:2010, Safety of machinery - General principles for design - Risk assessment and risk
reduction (ISO 12100:2010)
EN ISO 13849-1:2015, Safety of machinery - Safety-related parts of control systems - Part 1: General
principles for design (ISO 13849-1:2015)
EN ISO 13849-2:2012, Safety of machinery - Safety-related parts of control systems - Part 2: Validation
(ISO 13849-2:2012)
EN ISO 13850:2015, Safety of machinery - Emergency stop function - Principles for design
(ISO 13850:2015)
ISO 4301-1:2016, Cranes - Classification - Part 1: General
ISO 16625:2013, Cranes and hoists - Selection of wire ropes, drums and sheaves
3 Terms and definitions
For the purposes of this document, the terms and definitions given in EN ISO 12100:2010 and the
following apply.
ISO and IEC maintain terminological databases for use in standardization at the following addresses:
— IEC Electropedia: available at http://www.electropedia.org/
— ISO Online browsing platform: available at http://www.iso.org/obp
3.1 General
3.1.1
vehicle lift
lifting device with guided load carrying device for lifting land based means of transportation such as
cars, motorcycles, lorries, buses, trams, rail vehicles, industrial trucks and similar, and which is
designed to allow working on or under the raised vehicle
Note 1 to entry: The guidance of the load carrying device is given by the supporting structure.
Note 2 to entry: The following types of vehicle lift are examples of those covered by this definition: single and
multi-column lifts, single and multi-cylinder lifts, mobile column lifts, scissor and parallelogram lifts, short stroke
lifts, which support vehicle wheels, chassis or other designated lifting points (see Annex C).
3.1.2
normative vehicle
theoretical vehicle representative of the normal vehicles on which a lift is intended to operate, used as
reference vehicle for structural calculations of the lift itself (see 4.7.4.2, 4.7.4.3)
3.1.3
normal vehicle
land based mean of transport such as cars, motorcycles, lorries, buses, trams, trucks and similar
commonly on the road
3.1.4
special vehicle
vehicle that does not fall within the normal vehicle types and for which the Normative Vehicle is no
longer representative (i.e.: fork-lifts, dumpers, snowcats, rail bound vehicles, mobile cranes, .)
3.1.5
wheel track
WT
distance between the centre lines of the wheels on one axle or between centre lines of wheel pairs on
twin wheel axles
3.1.6
wheelbase
distance between the centres of wheels of front and rear axle or from the centre of the wheels on the
front axle to a point mid-way between axle pairs on twin axle vehicles
3.1.7
rated load
maximum load that a lift has been designed to carry referring to the normative vehicle or to special
vehicles mentioned in 4.7.4.4
3.1.8
lifting capacity
maximum load that a single independent lifting unit has been designed to carry when part of a multiple
lifting unit lift
3.1.9
lifting height
distance between the floor where the user is standing and the vehicle’s pickup points
3.1.10
hazardous area
area under the load carrying device and under the lifted vehicle
Note 1 to entry: The hazardous area is part of the hazard zone according to EN ISO 12100:2010, 3.11.
3.1.11
operator
competent and authorized person to operate the lift and work on the vehicle
3.1.12
bystander
person other than the operator near the vehicle lift
3.1.13
initial position
lower limit position of the carrying device
3.1.14
unauthorised use
use by a person who has not received permission to operate the lift and instruction on its safe operation
3.1.15
periodical test investigation
PTI
periodic roadworthiness tests for motor vehicles and their trailers in accordance with current
legislation
3.2 Lift parts
3.2.1
drive system
components and systems for lifting and lowering movements, including power source, controls and
lifting elements
Note 1 to entry: Examples are:
— in electrohydraulic lifts: Electrohydraulic unit, cylinders, ropes, electric controls;
— in electromechanical lifts: Electric motor + transmission (pulley, gear box, .), lifting screws, electric
controls.
3.2.2
lifting unit
lifting device in general made up of a load carrying device, a supporting structure and its drive system
Note 1 to entry: A lifting unit may share parts of its drive system with other lifting units.
Note 2 to entry: Examples of lifting units are one column of a two column lift (see Figure C.2), one unit of a
double-scissor lift (see Figure C.3).
3.2.3
independent lifting unit
lifting unit not sharing any part of or all of the drive system with other lifting units
Note 1 to entry: Example of an independent lifting unit is a single column of a mobile column lift.
3.2.4
supporting structure
part(s) of the vehicle lift which offer guidance to the load carrying device, but which do not move when
the load is raised/lowered
EXAMPLE The posts on a two/four post lift.
3.2.5
load carrying device
part(s) of the vehicle lift which support the load either by direct contact with the vehicle or through
contact with pick-up plates and/or pads
Note 1 to entry: The load carrying device is the part of the structure of the lift which is moving when the load is
raised/lowered.
EXAMPLE Platforms, carrying arms or other mechanical devices designed to raise and support a vehicle by
designated lifting points.
3.2.6
lifting element
medium through which the force is transmitted from the power source to the load carrying device
Note 1 to entry: Lifting elements include hydraulic and pneumatic cylinders, lead screw and nut systems as well
as any flexible connections such as steel wire ropes and chains but excluding the ropes/chains having the sole
scope of synchronising different lifting units.
3.2.7
mechanical lifting element
lifting element constructed from engineering materials and which may be reasonably subjected to wear
Note 1 to entry: Mechanical lifting elements are e.g. ropes, chains, carrying nuts and gears. Hydraulic and
pneumatic cylinders do not fall under this definition.
3.2.8
carrying arm
load carrying device attached at one end, directly or indirectly to the lifting element and supporting the
load at its other end
Note 1 to entry: Carrying arms are as an example used on two column lifts.
3.2.9
platform
horizontal surface or structure, part of the load carrying device, designed to drive on it with the vehicle
when entering/leaving the vehicle lift
Note 1 to entry: E.g. tracks in scissor lifts.
3.2.10
pick-up plate
part of the load carrying device, e.g. on two column lifts with carrying arms, which has direct contact to
the vehicle and which has an assigned position on the load carrying device
Note 1 to entry: See Figure 1.
3.2.11
pick-up pad
vehicle supporting pad which has direct contact with the vehicle but which does not have an assigned
position, e.g. pads used on wheel free systems with platforms
Note 1 to entry: See Figure 2.
Key
1 pick-up plate
2 load carrying device
3 pin
Figure 1 — Pick-up plate
Key
1 pick-up pad
2 platform
Figure 2 — Pick-up pad
3.2.12
roll off safety device
device that prevents the vehicle from rolling off the platforms of wheel support vehicle lifts in the event
of involuntary movement of the vehicle
Note 1 to entry: The roll off safety device is not the single wheel stop but is the whole system that prevents the
vehicle from falling off (i.e. both wheel stops when you have two, the single wheel stop when you have one …).
3.2.13
wheel stop
part of roll off safety device at the end of a platform on vehicle lifts which opposes the movement of the
wheel of the vehicle
3.2.14
end stop
mechanical stop that limits the movement of elements within maximum admissible values, ensuring the
maintenance of the intended function of the system
3.2.15
control device
device through which the operator commands at least one of the working functions of the lift
3.2.16
fixed control
control device fixed to the structure of the lift or in any case set in a predefined fixed position when the
lift is installed (e.g. fixed control console, controls installed on the walls of the workshop where the lift
is installed)
3.2.17
mobile control
control device not fixed to the lift structure or somewhere else
3.2.18
remote control
handheld control device connected to the lift's electrical system via cable or wireless that allows the lift
to be operated remotely from the main control
3.2.19
consensus control device
additional control having the sole function of confirming the command implemented by the main
control
3.2.20
wheel free system
lifting unit which is used in conjunction with a pit or vehicle lift with platform lifting the whole vehicle
and allows the wheels to be removed
3.3 Lift type
3.3.1
multiple lifting unit lift
combination of independent units lifts or two or more vehicle lifts matched to each other
Note 1 to entry: A mobile column lift or two or more lifts installed each one after in tandem with the other and
synchronized with each other are examples of multiple lifting unit lift.
3.3.2
short stroke lift
floor mounted vehicle lift with a maximum vertical travel of not more than 500 mm, which is not
designed for working under the raised load
Note 1 to entry: These lifts are different to wheel free systems according to 3.2.20.
3.3.3
long lifting system
lifting system consisting of several lifting units distributed over a distance of more than 15 m
3.3.4
scissor lift
vehicle lift where the vehicle is supported on its wheels or chassis by one or two platforms, supported
on a single foldable supporting structure
3.3.5
double scissor lift
vehicle lift where the vehicle is supported on its frame by two separate platforms, which are moving
vertically, each supported on two foldable supporting structures
3.3.6
single column lift
vehicle lift with a vertical supporting structure where a single lifting element is supporting a whole
vehicle on its frame or on its wheels
3.3.7
two column lift
vehicle lift with a fixed vertical supporting structure where two lifting elements are supporting the
vehicle on its frame or on its wheels
3.3.8
four column lift
vehicle lift where the vehicle is supported on its wheels by platforms rising and lowering along four
vertical fixed columns
3.3.9
in-ground piston lift
vehicle lift where the vehicle is supported on its frame, axles or wheels by a single/multiple hydraulic
lifting unit(s), partially or totally fitted below ground level
3.3.10
in-ground scissor lift
vehicle lift where the vehicle is supported on its frame, axles or wheels by a foldable structure, partially
or totally fitted below ground level
3.3.11
mobile column lift
combination of independent lifting units, each with a vertical supporting structure supporting part of a
vehicle on its frame or on a wheel, acting as one lift
Note 1 to entry: A mobile column lift is a special case of multiple lifting unit lift.
Note 2 to entry: A single independent lifting unit part of a mobile columns lift is not designed to raise a vehicle but
shall be combined with other units to achieve that.
3.3.12
platform lift
vehicle lift where the vehicle is supported on its wheels or chassis by one or two separate platforms
3.3.13
rolling jack
auxiliary lifting device used typically to raise just one end of the vehicle
Note 1 to entry: A rolling jack cannot be used as a stand-alone device but shall always be used in conjunction with
another lift, typically a platform lift or a 4 post lift.
Note 2 to entry: Synonyms for rolling jack are e.g. pit jack, jacking beam.
3.3.14
mobile vehicle lift
movable vehicle lift equipped with wheels, rollers, etc. such that it can be moved from one place to
another without load and can fulfil its function without being fixed to the floor
3.3.15
manually driven vehicle lift
vehicle lift where the load carrying device is driven by manual effort
3.3.16
power-driven vehicle lift
vehicle lift where the load carrying device is driven by effort other than manual
3.3.17
mechanically driven vehicle lift
power-driven lift not using hydraulic nor pneumatic fluid power
3.4 Safety related parts
3.4.1
catching device
mechanical safety device which holds the load carrying device in case of failure of a lifting element
Note 1 to entry: See Figure 3.
Figure 3 — Catching device
3.4.2
latch
device normally used to prevent unexpected movements in lifts operated by hydraulic/pneumatic
cylinders
Note 1 to entry: A latch can e.g. consist of a ratchet and pawl device.
Note 2 to entry: See Figures 4 and 5.
Figure 4 — latch consisting of hooks
Figure 5 — latch consisting of pawl
3.4.3
pipe rupture valve
valve that limits the unintentional lowering speed of the lift in case of breakage of a hydraulic pipe
3.4.4
total hydraulic redundancy
characteristic of the hydraulic system of a lift with two or more hydraulic lifting elements for which any
hydraulic leaks do not compromise the safety of the lift
3.4.5
holding device
device, which holds the load carrying device automatically in a stationary raised position
3.4.6
re-raising prevention device
device which prevents re-raising of load carrying device from the initial position in the event of failure
of the lifting element
3.4.7
automatic brake
braking device which is normally held on and which is released only by application of power
Note 1 to entry: Operation of the braking device is also instigated automatically by releasing the lift controls and
by interruption of the power supply.
3.4.8
self braking system
system which, due to its inherent resistance to movement, stops the movement of the load carrying
device when the drive power is interrupted
3.4.9
safety switch
switch which performs a safety function as defined in 3.30 of EN ISO 12100:2010
Note 1 to entry: The whole of the specified opening of the contacts should be achieved by operation of the control
mechanism through its intended travel using the force stated by the manufacturer of the switch (see K.2.1 of
EN 60947-5-1:2017).
4 Safety requirements and/or measures
4.1 General
Machinery shall comply with the safety requirements and/or protective measures of this clause.
In addition, the machine shall be designed according to the principles of EN ISO 12100:2010 for
relevant but not significant hazards which are not dealt with by this document.
4.2 Preventing unauthorised operation
Vehicle lifts shall be equipped with an accessible and fixed device that prevents unauthorized use after
taking the lift out of operation (refer to Annex C).
4.3 Control devices
4.3.1 Hold-to-run control
Control devices shall be of the hold-to-run type. The functions of the command shall fulfil the conditions
of performance level b of EN ISO 13849-1:2015. The stop-function shall comply with category 0 of 9.2.2
of EN 60204-1:2018.
4.3.2 Grouped control devices
If the control devices for more than one vehicle lift are grouped together in one position, each control
device shall be clearly marked to show which vehicle lift it controls.
4.3.3 Logical operation
The control devices shall be designed so that the movement of the control and its location are consistent
with its effect (refer to Annex C).
4.3.4 Marking
The direction of the movement of the load carrying device shall be permanently marked (refer to
Annex C). The marking shall be suitable symbols or text and can be located on the control devices
themselves or directly adjacent to them.
4.3.5 Unintentional operation
Control devices shall be protected from unintentional operation (refer to Annex C).
4.4 Controls
4.4.1 General
Control devices shall be designed and arranged so that the operator is not jeopardized by the lift or by
the load and can keep watching the hazardous area, to avoid risk of harm to bystanders.
Where it is possible to control the lift by using more than one control device, there shall be measures to
ensure that only one control has priority at any time. The priority shall be chosen by a selector switch,
which enables only one control device at a time or, in the absence of such a selector switch, by
automatic exclusion of the control device not operating when the priori
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