SIST EN ISO 4022:2019
(Main)Permeable sintered metal materials - Determination of fluid permeability (ISO 4022:2018)
Permeable sintered metal materials - Determination of fluid permeability (ISO 4022:2018)
This document specifies a method for the determination of the fluid permeability of permeable sintered
metal materials in which the porosity is deliberately continuous or interconnecting, testing being
carried out under such conditions that the fluid permeability can be expressed in terms of viscous and
inertia permeability coefficients (see Annex A).
This document does not apply to very long hollow cylindrical test pieces of small diameter, in which the
pressure drop of the fluid in passing along the bore of the cylinder might not be negligible compared
with the pressure drop of the fluid passing through the wall thickness (see A.5).
Durchlässige Sintermetallwerkstoffe - Bestimmung der Flüssigkeitsdurchlässigkeit (ISO 4022:2018)
Dieses Dokument legt ein Verfahren für die Bestimmung der spezifischen Durchströmbarkeit von durchlässigen Sintermetallen fest, in denen die Poren durchgehend und miteinander verbunden sind. Die Prüfung wird unter solchen Bedingungen durchgeführt, dass die spezifische Durchströmbarkeit als Viskosität und Trägheits Permeabilitätskoeffizient ausgedrückt wird (siehe Anhang A).
Dieses Dokument gilt nicht für sehr lange Hohlzylinder mit kleinem Durchmesser, in denen der Druckabfall in der Flüssigkeit beim Durchströmen der Zylinder beträchtlich ist, verglichen mit dem Druckabfall beim Durchströmen der Seitenwände (siehe Anhang A, Abschnitt A.5).
Matériaux métalliques frittés perméables - Détermination de la perméabilité aux fluides (ISO 4022:2018)
Le présent document spécifie une méthode pour déterminer la perméabilité aux fluides des matériaux métalliques frittés perméables dont la porosité est délibérément continue ou interconnectée. Les essais sont réalisés dans des conditions telles que la perméabilité aux fluides peut être exprimée par des coefficients de perméabilité visqueuse et inertielle (voir Annexe A).
Le présent document ne s'applique pas aux éprouvettes cylindriques creuses de grande longueur et de faible diamètre, qui induisent une perte de charge du fluide par l'écoulement le long de l'intérieur du cylindre, laquelle peut ne pas être négligeable par rapport à la perte de charge induite lorsque le fluide traverse la paroi (voir A.5).
Prepustne sintrane kovine - Ugotavljanje prepuščanja tekočin (ISO 4022:2018)
Ta dokument določa metodo za ugotavljanje prepuščanja tekočin pri prepustnih sintranih kovinskih materialih, pri katerih je poroznost namerno neprekinjena ali medsebojno povezana, pri čemer se preskušanje izvaja v takih pogojih, da je prepustnost tekočine mogoče izraziti z viskoznimi in inercijskimi koeficienti prepustnosti (glej dodatek A).
Ta dokument se ne uporablja za zelo dolge votle valjaste preskušance z majhnim premerom, pri katerih padec tlaka tekočine, ki prehaja vzdolž izvrtine valja, morda ni zanemarljiv v primerjavi s padcem tlaka tekočine, ki prehaja skozi debelino stene (glej A.5).
General Information
Relations
Standards Content (Sample)
SLOVENSKI STANDARD
SIST EN ISO 4022:2019
01-januar-2019
1DGRPHãþD
SIST EN ISO 4022:2007
3UHSXVWQHVLQWUDQHNRYLQH8JRWDYOMDQMHSUHSXãþDQMDWHNRþLQ ,62
Permeable sintered metal materials - Determination of fluid permeability (ISO 4022:2018)
Durchlässige Sintermetallwerkstoffe - Bestimmung der Flüssigkeitsdurchlässigkeit (ISO
4022:2018)
Matériaux métalliques frittés perméables - Détermination de la perméabilité aux fluides
(ISO 4022:2018)
Ta slovenski standard je istoveten z: EN ISO 4022:2018
ICS:
77.160 Metalurgija prahov Powder metallurgy
SIST EN ISO 4022:2019 en,fr,de
2003-01.Slovenski inštitut za standardizacijo. Razmnoževanje celote ali delov tega standarda ni dovoljeno.
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SIST EN ISO 4022:2019
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SIST EN ISO 4022:2019
EN ISO 4022
EUROPEAN STANDARD
NORME EUROPÉENNE
October 2018
EUROPÄISCHE NORM
ICS 77.160 Supersedes EN ISO 4022:2006
English Version
Permeable sintered metal materials - Determination of
fluid permeability (ISO 4022:2018)
Matériaux métalliques frittés perméables - Durchlässige Sintermetallwerkstoffe - Bestimmung der
Détermination de la perméabilité aux fluides (ISO Flüssigkeitsdurchlässigkeit (ISO 4022:2018)
4022:2018)
This European Standard was approved by CEN on 26 August 2018.
CEN members are bound to comply with the CEN/CENELEC Internal Regulations which stipulate the conditions for giving this
European Standard the status of a national standard without any alteration. Up-to-date lists and bibliographical references
concerning such national standards may be obtained on application to the CEN-CENELEC Management Centre or to any CEN
member.
This European Standard exists in three official versions (English, French, German). A version in any other language made by
translation under the responsibility of a CEN member into its own language and notified to the CEN-CENELEC Management
Centre has the same status as the official versions.
CEN members are the national standards bodies of Austria, Belgium, Bulgaria, Croatia, Cyprus, Czech Republic, Denmark, Estonia,
Finland, Former Yugoslav Republic of Macedonia, France, Germany, Greece, Hungary, Iceland, Ireland, Italy, Latvia, Lithuania,
Luxembourg, Malta, Netherlands, Norway, Poland, Portugal, Romania, Serbia, Slovakia, Slovenia, Spain, Sweden, Switzerland,
Turkey and United Kingdom.
EUROPEAN COMMITTEE FOR STANDARDIZATION
COMITÉ EUROPÉEN DE NORMALISATION
EUROPÄISCHES KOMITEE FÜR NORMUNG
CEN-CENELEC Management Centre: Rue de la Science 23, B-1040 Brussels
© 2018 CEN All rights of exploitation in any form and by any means reserved Ref. No. EN ISO 4022:2018 E
worldwide for CEN national Members.
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SIST EN ISO 4022:2019
EN ISO 4022:2018 (E)
Contents Page
European foreword . 3
2
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SIST EN ISO 4022:2019
EN ISO 4022:2018 (E)
European foreword
This document (EN ISO 4022:2018) has been prepared by Technical Committee ISO/TC 119 "Powder
metallurgy" in collaboration with Technical Committee CEN/SS M11 “Powder metallurgy” the
secretariat of which is held by CCMC.
This European Standard shall be given the status of a national standard, either by publication of an
identical text or by endorsement, at the latest by April 2019, and conflicting national standards shall be
withdrawn at the latest by April 2019.
Attention is drawn to the possibility that some of the elements of this document may be the subject of
patent rights. CEN shall not be held responsible for identifying any or all such patent rights.
This document supersedes EN ISO 4022:2006.
According to the CEN-CENELEC Internal Regulations, the national standards organizations of the
following countries are bound to implement this European Standard: Austria, Belgium, Bulgaria,
Croatia, Cyprus, Czech Republic, Denmark, Estonia, Finland, Former Yugoslav Republic of Macedonia,
France, Germany, Greece, Hungary, Iceland, Ireland, Italy, Latvia, Lithuania, Luxembourg, Malta,
Netherlands, Norway, Poland, Portugal, Romania, Serbia, Slovakia, Slovenia, Spain, Sweden, Switzerland,
Turkey and the United Kingdom.
Endorsement notice
The text of ISO 4022:2018 has been approved by CEN as EN ISO 4022:2018 without any modification.
3
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SIST EN ISO 4022:2019
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SIST EN ISO 4022:2019
INTERNATIONAL ISO
STANDARD 4022
Third edition
2018-09
Permeable sintered metal materials —
Determination of fluid permeability
Matériaux métalliques frittés perméables — Détermination de la
perméabilité aux fluides
Reference number
ISO 4022:2018(E)
©
ISO 2018
---------------------- Page: 7 ----------------------
SIST EN ISO 4022:2019
ISO 4022:2018(E)
COPYRIGHT PROTECTED DOCUMENT
© ISO 2018
All rights reserved. Unless otherwise specified, or required in the context of its implementation, no part of this publication may
be reproduced or utilized otherwise in any form or by any means, electronic or mechanical, including photocopying, or posting
on the internet or an intranet, without prior written permission. Permission can be requested from either ISO at the address
below or ISO’s member body in the country of the requester.
ISO copyright office
CP 401 • Ch. de Blandonnet 8
CH-1214 Vernier, Geneva
Phone: +41 22 749 01 11
Fax: +41 22 749 09 47
Email: copyright@iso.org
Website: www.iso.org
Published in Switzerland
ii © ISO 2018 – All rights reserved
---------------------- Page: 8 ----------------------
SIST EN ISO 4022:2019
ISO 4022:2018(E)
Contents Page
Foreword .iv
1 Scope . 1
2 Normative references . 1
3 Terms, definitions, symbols and units . 1
3.1 Terms and definitions . 1
3.2 Symbols and units . 3
4 Principle . 3
5 Test piece . 3
6 Apparatus . 3
6.1 Equipment . 3
6.2 Test fluids . 7
7 Procedure. 7
7.1 Measurement of thickness and area of the test piece . 7
7.1.1 Flat test pieces . 7
7.1.2 Hollow cylindrical test pieces . 8
7.2 Measurement of pressure drop . 8
7.3 Measurement of flow rate . 8
7.4 Measurement of pressures and temperatures . 8
8 Expression of results . 9
8.1 Mean flow rate . 9
8.2 Mean density and viscosity . 9
8.3 Calculation of results . 9
8.4 Final result .10
9 Test report .10
Annex A (informative) The flow of fluid through porous materials .11
Annex B (informative) Test fluids .13
© ISO 2018 – All rights reserved iii
---------------------- Page: 9 ----------------------
SIST EN ISO 4022:2019
ISO 4022:2018(E)
Foreword
ISO (the International Organization for Standardization) is a worldwide federation of national standards
bodies (ISO member bodies). The work of preparing International Standards is normally carried out
through ISO technical committees. Each member body interested in a subject for which a technical
committee has been established has the right to be represented on that committee. International
organizations, governmental and non-governmental, in liaison with ISO, also take part in the work.
ISO collaborates closely with the International Electrotechnical Commission (IEC) on all matters of
electrotechnical standardization.
The procedures used to develop this document and those intended for its further maintenance are
described in the ISO/IEC Directives, Part 1. In particular, the different approval criteria needed for the
different types of ISO documents should be noted. This document was drafted in accordance with the
editorial rules of the ISO/IEC Directives, Part 2 (see www .iso .org/directives).
Attention is drawn to the possibility that some of the elements of this document may be the subject of
patent rights. ISO shall not be held responsible for identifying any or all such patent rights. Details of
any patent rights identified during the development of the document will be in the Introduction and/or
on the ISO list of patent declarations received (see www .iso .org/patents).
Any trade name used in this document is information given for the convenience of users and does not
constitute an endorsement.
For an explanation of the voluntary nature of standards, the meaning of ISO specific terms and
expressions related to conformity assessment, as well as information about ISO's adherence to the
World Trade Organization (WTO) principles in the Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) see www .iso
.org/iso/foreword .html.
This document was prepared by Technical Committee ISO/TC 119, Powder metallurgy, Subcommittee
SC 3 Sampling and testing methods for sintered metal materials (excluding hardmetals).
This third edition cancels and replaces the second edition (ISO 4022:1987), of which it constitutes a
minor revision with the following changes:
— Clause 3 and Clause 4 order reversed, and Clause 3 split into 3.1 and 3.2;
— 3.1.3, 3.1.4, 3.1.5, 3.1.13 and 3.1.14 editorially revised;
— Clause 3: Terminological entries ‘length’ and ‘dynamic viscosity’ removed;
— 6.1.1 and 6.1.2, Figures 1 and 2 and keys editorially revised;
— 7.1.2, first Formula removed and Formula (2) corrected, “l” changed to “1”;
— 8.3, Formula (12) corrected, “ρ” changed to “ϱ”.
Any feedback or questions on this document should be directed to the user’s national standards body. A
complete listing of these bodies can be found at www .iso .org/members .html.
iv © ISO 2018 – All rights reserved
---------------------- Page: 10 ----------------------
SIST EN ISO 4022:2019
INTERNATIONAL STANDARD ISO 4022:2018(E)
Permeable sintered metal materials — Determination of
fluid permeability
1 Scope
This document specifies a method for the determination of the fluid permeability of permeable sintered
metal materials in which the porosity is deliberately continuous or interconnecting, testing being
carried out under such conditions that the fluid permeability can be expressed in terms of viscous and
inertia permeability coefficients (see Annex A).
This document does not apply to very long hollow cylindrical test pieces of small diameter, in which the
pressure drop of the fluid in passing along the bore of the cylinder might not be negligible compared
with the pressure drop of the fluid passing through the wall thickness (see A.5).
2 Normative references
The following documents are referred to in the text in such a way that some or all of their content
constitutes requirements of this document. For dated references, only the edition cited applies. For
undated references, the latest edition of the referenced document (including any amendments) applies.
ISO 2738, Sintered metal materials, excluding hardmetals — Permeable sintered metal materials —
Determination of density, oil content and open porosity
3 Terms, definitions, symbols and units
For the purposes of this document, the following terms and definitions apply.
ISO and IEC maintain terminological databases for use in standardization at the following addresses:
— ISO Online browsing platform: available at https: //www .iso .org/obp
— IEC Electropedia: available at http: //www .electropedia .org/
3.1 Terms and definitions
3.1.1
permeability
ability of a porous metal to pass a fluid under the action of a pressure gradient
3.1.2
test area
area of a porous metal normal to the direction of the fluid flow
3.1.3
thickness
dimension of the test piece in the direction of fluid flow
Note 1 to entry: For flat test pieces it is equal to the thickness.
Note 2 to entry: For hollow cylinders it is given by Formulae (2) to (6).
© ISO 2018 – All rights reserved 1
---------------------- Page: 11 ----------------------
SIST EN ISO 4022:2019
ISO 4022:2018(E)
3.1.4
viscous permeability coefficient
volume flow rate at which a fluid of unit viscosity is transmitted through unit area of porous metal
permeated under the action of unit pressure gradient when the resistance to fluid flow is due only to
viscous losses
Note 1 to entry: It is independent of the quantity of porous metal considered.
3.1.5
inertia permeability coefficient
volume flow rate at which a fluid of unit density is transmitted through unit area of porous metal
permeated under the action of unit pressure gradient when the resistance to fluid flow is due only to
inertia losses
Note 1 to entry: It is independent of the quantity of porous metal considered.
3.1.6
volume flow rate
mass flow rate of the fluid divided by its density
3.1.7
upstream pressure
pressure upstream of the test piece
3.1.8
downstream pressure
pressure downstream of the test piece
3.1.9
mean pressure
half the sum of the upstream and downstream pressures
3.1.10
pressure drop
difference between the pressures on the upstream and downstream surfaces of the porous test piece
3.1.11
pressure gradient
pressure drop divided by the thickness of the porous test piece
3.1.12
velocity
ratio of the volumetric flow rate to the test area
3.1.13
density
quotient of mass divided by volume of the test fluid at the mean temperature and pressure
3.1.14
apparatus correction
pressure difference observed between the upstream and downstream pressure tappings when the test
apparatus is used without a porous test piece in position
Note 1 to entry: The apparatus correction is to be subtracted from the observed pressure drop.
Note 2 to entry: It varies with the flow rate through the apparatus and arises from venturi effects at the pressure
tappings and other causes.
3.1.15
mean absolute temperature
half
...
SLOVENSKI STANDARD
oSIST prEN ISO 4022:2018
01-julij-2018
3UHSXVWQHVLQWUDQHNRYLQH8JRWDYOMDQMHSUHSXãþDQMDWHNRþLQ ,62)',6
Permeable sintered metal materials - Determination of fluid permeability (ISO/FDIS
4022:2018)
Durchlässige Sintermetallwerkstoffe - Bestimmung der Flüssigkeitsdurchlässigkeit
(ISO/FDIS 4022:2018)
Matériaux métalliques frittés perméables - Détermination de la perméabilité aux fluides
(ISO/FDIS 4022:2018)
Ta slovenski standard je istoveten z: prEN ISO 4022
ICS:
77.160 Metalurgija prahov Powder metallurgy
oSIST prEN ISO 4022:2018 en,fr,de
2003-01.Slovenski inštitut za standardizacijo. Razmnoževanje celote ali delov tega standarda ni dovoljeno.
---------------------- Page: 1 ----------------------
oSIST prEN ISO 4022:2018
---------------------- Page: 2 ----------------------
oSIST prEN ISO 4022:2018
FINAL
INTERNATIONAL ISO/FDIS
DRAFT
STANDARD 4022
ISO/TC 119/SC 3
Permeable sintered metal materials —
Secretariat: DIN
Determination of fluid permeability
Voting begins on:
20180501
Matériaux métalliques frittés perméables — Détermination de la
perméabilité aux fluides
Voting terminates on:
20180724
ISO/CEN PARALLEL PROCESSING
RECIPIENTS OF THIS DRAFT ARE INVITED TO
SUBMIT, WITH THEIR COMMENTS, NOTIFICATION
OF ANY RELEVANT PATENT RIGHTS OF WHICH
THEY ARE AWARE AND TO PROVIDE SUPPOR TING
DOCUMENTATION.
IN ADDITION TO THEIR EVALUATION AS
Reference number
BEING ACCEPTABLE FOR INDUSTRIAL, TECHNO
ISO/FDIS 4022:2018(E)
LOGICAL, COMMERCIAL AND USER PURPOSES,
DRAFT INTERNATIONAL STANDARDS MAY ON
OCCASION HAVE TO BE CONSIDERED IN THE
LIGHT OF THEIR POTENTIAL TO BECOME STAN
DARDS TO WHICH REFERENCE MAY BE MADE IN
©
NATIONAL REGULATIONS. ISO 2018
---------------------- Page: 3 ----------------------
oSIST prEN ISO 4022:2018
ISO/FDIS 4022:2018(E)
COPYRIGHT PROTECTED DOCUMENT
© ISO 2018
All rights reserved. Unless otherwise specified, or required in the context of its implementation, no part of this publication may
be reproduced or utilized otherwise in any form or by any means, electronic or mechanical, including photocopying, or posting
on the internet or an intranet, without prior written permission. Permission can be requested from either ISO at the address
below or ISO’s member body in the country of the requester.
ISO copyright office
CP 401 • Ch. de Blandonnet 8
CH1214 Vernier, Geneva
Phone: +41 22 749 01 11
Fax: +41 22 749 09 47
Email: copyright@iso.org
Website: www.iso.org
Published in Switzerland
ii © ISO 2018 – All rights reserved
---------------------- Page: 4 ----------------------
oSIST prEN ISO 4022:2018
ISO/FDIS 4022:2018(E)
Contents Page
Foreword .iv
1 Scope . 1
2 Normative references . 1
3 Terms, definitions, symbols and units . 1
3.1 Terms and definitions . 1
3.2 Symbols and units . 3
4 Principle . 3
5 Test piece . 3
6 Apparatus . 3
6.1 Equipment . 3
6.2 Test fluids . 7
7 Procedure. 7
7.1 Measurement of thickness and area of the test piece . 7
7.1.1 Flat test pieces . 7
7.1.2 Hollow cylindrical test pieces . 8
7.2 Measurement of pressure drop . 8
7.3 Measurement of flow rate . 8
7.4 Measurement of pressures and temperatures . 8
8 Expression of results . 9
8.1 Mean flow rate . 9
8.2 Mean density and viscosity . 9
8.3 Calculation of results . 9
8.4 Final result .10
9 Test report .10
Annex A (informative) The flow of fluid through porous materials .11
Annex B (informative) Test fluids .13
© ISO 2018 – All rights reserved iii
---------------------- Page: 5 ----------------------
oSIST prEN ISO 4022:2018
ISO/FDIS 4022:2018(E)
Foreword
ISO (the International Organization for Standardization) is a worldwide federation of national standards
bodies (ISO member bodies). The work of preparing International Standards is normally carried out
through ISO technical committees. Each member body interested in a subject for which a technical
committee has been established has the right to be represented on that committee. International
organizations, governmental and nongovernmental, in liaison with ISO, also take part in the work.
ISO collaborates closely with the International Electrotechnical Commission (IEC) on all matters of
electrotechnical standardization.
The procedures used to develop this document and those intended for its further maintenance are
described in the ISO/IEC Directives, Part 1. In particular the different approval criteria needed for the
different types of ISO documents should be noted. This document was drafted in accordance with the
editorial rules of the ISO/IEC Directives, Part 2 (see www .iso .org/directives).
Attention is drawn to the possibility that some of the elements of this document may be the subject of
patent rights. ISO shall not be held responsible for identifying any or all such patent rights. Details of
any patent rights identified during the development of the document will be in the Introduction and/or
on the ISO list of patent declarations received (see www .iso .org/patents).
Any trade name used in this document is information given for the convenience of users and does not
constitute an endorsement.
For an explanation on the voluntary nature of standards, the meaning of ISO specific terms and
expressions related to conformity assessment, as well as information about ISO's adherence to the
World Trade Organization (WTO) principles in the Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) see the following
URL: www .iso .org/iso/foreword .html.
This document was prepared by Technical Committee ISO/TC 119, Powder metallurgy, Subcommittee
SC 3 Sampling and testing methods for sintered metal materials (excluding hardmetals).
This third edition cancels and replaces the second edition (ISO 4022:1987), of which it constitutes a
minor revision with the following changes:
— Clause 3 and Clause 4 order reversed, and Clause 3 split into 3.1 and 3.2;
— 3.1.3, 3.1.4, 3.1.5, 3.1.13 and 3.1.14 editorially revised;
— Clause 3: Terminological entries ‘length’ and ‘dynamic viscosity’ removed;
— 6.1.1 and 6.1.2, Figures 1 and 2 and keys editorially revised;
— 7.1.2, first Formula removed and Formula (2) corrected, “l” changed to “1”;
— 8.3, Formula (12) corrected, “ρ” changed to “ϱ”.
iv © ISO 2018 – All rights reserved
---------------------- Page: 6 ----------------------
oSIST prEN ISO 4022:2018
FINAL DRAFT INTERNATIONAL STANDARD ISO/FDIS 4022:2018(E)
Permeable sintered metal materials — Determination of
fluid permeability
1 Scope
This document specifies a method for the determination of the fluid permeability of permeable sintered
metal materials in which the porosity is deliberately continuous or interconnecting, testing being
carried out under such conditions that the fluid permeability can be expressed in terms of viscous and
inertia permeability coefficients (see Annex A).
This document does not apply to very long hollow cylindrical test pieces of small diameter, in which the
pressure drop of the fluid in passing along the bore of the cylinder might not be negligible compared
with the pressure drop of the fluid passing through the wall thickness (see Annex A, Clause A.5).
2 Normative references
The following documents are referred to in the text in such a way that some or all of their content
constitutes requirements of this document. For dated references, only the edition cited applies. For
undated references, the latest edition of the referenced document (including any amendments) applies.
ISO 2738, Sintered metal materials, excluding hardmetals — Permeable sintered metal materials —
Determination of density, oil content and open porosity
3 Terms, definitions, symbols and units
For the purposes of this document, the following terms and definitions apply.
ISO and IEC maintain terminological databases for use in standardization at the following addresses:
— ISO Online browsing platform: available at https: //www .iso .org/obp
— IEC Electropedia: available at http: //www .electropedia .org/
3.1 Terms and definitions
3.1.1
permeability
ability of a porous metal to pass a fluid under the action of a pressure gradient
3.1.2
test area
area of a porous metal normal to the direction of the fluid flow
3.1.3
thickness
dimension of the test piece in the direction of fluid flow
Note 1 to entry: For flat test pieces it is equal to the thickness.
Note 2 to entry: For hollow cylinders it is given by Formulae (2) to (6).
© ISO 2018 – All rights reserved 1
---------------------- Page: 7 ----------------------
oSIST prEN ISO 4022:2018
ISO/FDIS 4022:2018(E)
3.1.4
viscous permeability coefficient
volume flow rate at which a fluid of unit viscosity is transmitted through unit area of porous metal
permeated under the action of unit pressure gradient when the resistance to fluid flow is due only to
viscous losses
Note 1 to entry: It is independent of the quantity of porous metal considered.
3.1.5
inertia permeability coefficient
volume flow rate at which a fluid of unit density is transmitted through unit area of porous metal
permeated under the action of unit pressure gradient when the resistance to fluid flow is due only to
inertia losses
Note 1 to entry: It is independent of the quantity of porous metal considered.
3.1.6
volume flow rate
mass flow rate of the fluid divided by its density
3.1.7
upstream pressure
pressure upstream of the test piece
3.1.8
downstream pressure
pressure downstream of the test piece
3.1.9
mean pressure
half the sum of the upstream and downstream pressures
3.1.10
pressure drop
difference between the pressures on the upstream and downstream surfaces of the porous test piece
3.1.11
pressure gradient
pressure drop divided by the thickness of the porous test piece
3.1.12
velocity
ratio of the volumetric flow rate to the test area
3.1.13
density
quotient of mass divided by volume of the test fluid at the mean temperature and pressure
3.1.14
apparatus correction
pressure difference observed between the upstream and downstream pressure tappings when the test
apparatus is used without a porous test piece in position
Note 1 to entry: The apparatus correction is to be subtracted from the observed pressure drop.
Note 2 to entry: It varies with the flow rate through the apparatus and arises from venturi effects at the pressure
tappings and other causes.
3.1.15
mean absolute temperature
half the sum of the temperatures of the fluid at the upstream side and the downstream side of the
test piece
2 © ISO 2018 – All rights reserved
---------------------- Page: 8 ----------------------
oSIST prEN ISO 4022:2018
ISO/FDIS 4022:2018(E)
3.2 Symbols and units
Symbol Term Unit
2
A Test area m
e Thickness m
2
ψ Viscous permeability coefficient m
v
ψ Inertia permeability coefficient m
i
3
Q Volume flow rate m /s
2
p Upstream pressure N/m
1
2
p Downstream pressure N/m
2
2
p Mean pressure N/m
2
Δp Pressure drop N/m
3
Δp/e Pressure gradient N/m
Q/A Velocity m/s
3
ϱ Density kg/m
T Mean absolute temperature K
4 Principle
Passage of a test fluid of known viscosity and density through a test piece, and measurement of the
pressure drop and the volumetric flow rate.
Determination of the viscous and inertia permeability coefficients, which are parameters of a formula
describing the relationship between the pressure drop, the volumetric flow rate, the viscosity and
density of the test fluid and the dimensions of the porous metal test piece permeated by this fluid.
5 Test piece
Before testing with gas, all liquid shall be removed from the pores of the test piece. Oil and grease shall
be removed by using a suitable solvent with the extraction method given in ISO 2738. The test piece
shall be dried before testing.
6 Apparatus
6.1 Equipment
The choice of apparatus is mainly dictated by the size, shape and physical characteristics of the test piece.
This document refers to two different types of apparatus suitable for determining the fluid permeability
of porous test pieces.
6.1.1 Guard ring test head for flat test pieces.
This is a type of test apparatus which is recommended for carrying out non-destr
...
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