SIST-TS CEN/TS 13445-501:2019
(Main)Unfired pressure vessels - Acoustic emission for pressure vessels
Unfired pressure vessels - Acoustic emission for pressure vessels
This document is intended for the application of AT on metallic pressure equipment during controlled
loading.
Therefore the overall aims of this document are:
— to detect, locate and grade areas with evolving imperfections;
— to provide the manufacturer the possibility to compare results of the first test with those of
subsequent periodic inspections;
— to determine the possibilities and limits of AE testing (AT) for pressure equipment;
— to establish common basis for procedures to perform AT, taking into account the specific
characteristics of the equipment under test;
— to define the criteria, features and grades essential for evaluation of test results;
— to suggest follow-ups to the test.
Unbefeuerte Druckbehälter - Teil 501: Schallemissionen bei Druckbehältern
Dieses Dokument ist für die Anwendung von Schallemissionsprüfungen an metallischen Druckgeräten während der kontrollierten Belastung vorgesehen.
Daher sind die allgemeinen Ziele dieses Dokuments:
Erkennen, Lokalisieren und Einstufen von Bereichen mit sich entwickelnden Unregelmäßigkeiten;
dem Hersteller die Möglichkeit zu geben, die Ergebnisse der ersten Prüfung mit denen der nach-folgenden regelmäßigen Prüfungen zu vergleichen;
Bestimmung der Möglichkeiten und Grenzen der AE Prüfung (Schallemissionsprüfung, en: acoustic emission testing, AE testing oder AT) für Druckgeräte;
Schaffung einer gemeinsamen Grundlage für die Verfahren zur Durchführung von Schall-emissionsprüfungen (AT) unter Berücksichtigung der besonderen Eigenschaften der zu prüfenden Geräte;
Definition der Kriterien, Merkmale und Klassen, die für die Auswertung der Testergebnisse wesentlich sind;
Vorschlagen von Folgemaßnahmen zur Prüfung.
Récipients sous pression non soumis à la flame - Émission acoustique
Le présent document est destiné à l'application de l'AT au niveau des équipements métalliques sous pression pendant le chargement contrôlé.
Par conséquent, les objectifs généraux du présent document sont les suivants :
- détecter, localiser et classer les zones comportant des imperfections évolutives ;
- offrir au fabricant la possibilité de comparer les résultats du premier essai avec ceux des inspections périodiques ultérieures ;
- déterminer les possibilités et les limites de l'essai EA (AT) pour les équipements sous pression ;
- établir une base commune pour les modes opératoires de réalisation d’AT, en tenant compte des caractéristiques spécifiques de l'équipement soumis à essai ;
- définir les critères, les éléments et les classes essentiels pour l'évaluation des résultats d'essai ;
- suggérer des mesures à prendre suite à l'essai.
Nekurjene tlačne posode - 501. del: Akustična emisija za tlačne posode
Ta dokument je namenjen za preskušanje ustreznosti (AT) kovinske tlačne opreme med nadzorovanim
nalaganjem.
Zato so splošni cilji tega dokumenta:
– odkrivanje, iskanje in ocenjevanje območij z razvijajočimi se pomanjkljivostmi;
– proizvajalcu omogočiti primerjavo rezultatov prvega preskusa z rezultati naknadnih rednih pregledov;
– določanje možnosti in omejitev preskušanja AE (AT) za tlačno opremo;
– vzpostavljanje skupne podlage za postopke preskušanja ustreznosti ob upoštevanju posebnih karakteristik preskušane opreme;
– opredelitev kriterijev, značilnosti in ocen, ki so bistveni za vrednotenje rezultatov preskusov;
– predlagati nadaljnje ukrepe po preskušanju.
General Information
Standards Content (Sample)
SLOVENSKI STANDARD
SIST-TS CEN/TS 13445-501:2019
01-marec-2019
1HNXUMHQHWODþQHSRVRGHGHO $NXVWLþQDHPLVLMD]DWODþQHSRVRGH
Unfired pressure vessels - Acoustic emission for pressure vessels
Unbefeuerte Druckbehälter - Teil 501: Schallemissionen bei Druckbehältern
Récipients sous pression non soumis à la flame - Émission acoustique
Ta slovenski standard je istoveten z: CEN/TS 13445-501:2018
ICS:
23.020.32 7ODþQHSRVRGH Pressure vessels
SIST-TS CEN/TS 13445-501:2019 en,fr,de
2003-01.Slovenski inštitut za standardizacijo. Razmnoževanje celote ali delov tega standarda ni dovoljeno.
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SIST-TS CEN/TS 13445-501:2019
CEN/TS 13445-501
TECHNICAL SPECIFICATION
SPÉCIFICATION TECHNIQUE
December 2018
TECHNISCHE SPEZIFIKATION
ICS 23.020.30
English Version
Unfired pressure vessels - Part 501: Acoustic emission for
pressure vessels
Récipients sous pression non soumis à la flamme - Unbefeuerte Druckbehälter - Teil 501:
Partie 501 : Émission acoustique Schallemissionen bei Druckbehältern
This Technical Specification (CEN/TS) was approved by CEN on 3 September 2018 for provisional application.
The period of validity of this CEN/TS is limited initially to three years. After two years the members of CEN will be requested to
submit their comments, particularly on the question whether the CEN/TS can be converted into a European Standard.
CEN members are required to announce the existence of this CEN/TS in the same way as for an EN and to make the CEN/TS
available promptly at national level in an appropriate form. It is permissible to keep conflicting national standards in force (in
parallel to the CEN/TS) until the final decision about the possible conversion of the CEN/TS into an EN is reached.
CEN members are the national standards bodies of Austria, Belgium, Bulgaria, Croatia, Cyprus, Czech Republic, Denmark, Estonia,
Finland, Former Yugoslav Republic of Macedonia, France, Germany, Greece, Hungary, Iceland, Ireland, Italy, Latvia, Lithuania,
Luxembourg, Malta, Netherlands, Norway, Poland, Portugal, Romania, Serbia, Slovakia, Slovenia, Spain, Sweden, Switzerland,
Turkey and United Kingdom.
EUROPEAN COMMITTEE FOR STANDARDIZATION
COMITÉ EUROPÉEN DE NORMALISATION
EUROPÄISCHES KOMITEE FÜR NORMUNG
CEN-CENELEC Management Centre: Rue de la Science 23, B-1040 Brussels
© 2018 CEN All rights of exploitation in any form and by any means reserved Ref. No. CEN/TS 13445-501:2018 E
worldwide for CEN national Members.
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Contents Page
European foreword . 3
1 Scope . 4
2 Normative references . 4
3 Terms and definitions . 5
4 Personnel qualification . 5
5 Basis of AT on pressure equipment . 5
6 Instrumentation . 6
6.1 Generality . 6
6.2 Sensors . 6
6.3 Preamplifiers . 6
6.4 Filters . 6
6.5 AE Signal conditioning and processing . 6
6.6 Localization of AE sources . 6
7 Testing . 7
7.1 Preliminary information . 7
7.2 Written test instruction requirements . 7
7.3 Pre-test measurements . 8
7.4 Test steps . 8
8 Data analysis and results interpretation . 10
8.1 Grading criteria. 10
8.2 Real time criteria . 11
8.3 Cluster severity grading criteria. 11
9 Follow-ups to the test . 11
10 Test documentation . 12
11 Test report . 12
Annex A (normative) Application of AE for inaccessible pressure equipment . 13
A.1 Objective . 13
A.2 Example of application of acoustic emission to buried equipment . 13
A.2.1 Generality . 13
A.2.2 Laboratory tests . 13
A.2.3 Monitoring of the initial proof test . 14
A.2.4 Verification of extension operation of waveguides before setting up the
embankment . 14
A.2.5 Validation tests in the final configuration. 14
Bibliography . 15
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European foreword
This document (CEN/TS 13445-501:2018) has been prepared by Technical Committee CEN/TC 54
“Unfired pressure vessels”, the secretariat of which is held by BSI.
Attention is drawn to the possibility that some of the elements of this document may be the subject of
patent rights. CEN shall not be held responsible for identifying any or all such patent rights.
According to the CEN-CENELEC Internal Regulations, the national standards organizations of the
following countries are bound to announce this Technical Specification: Austria, Belgium, Bulgaria,
Croatia, Cyprus, Czech Republic, Denmark, Estonia, Finland, Former Yugoslav Republic of Macedonia,
France, Germany, Greece, Hungary, Iceland, Ireland, Italy, Latvia, Lithuania, Luxembourg, Malta,
Netherlands, Norway, Poland, Portugal, Romania, Serbia, Slovakia, Slovenia, Spain, Sweden, Switzerland,
Turkey and the United Kingdom.
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1 Scope
This document is intended for the application of AT on metallic pressure equipment during controlled
loading.
Therefore the overall aims of this document are:
— to detect, locate and grade areas with evolving imperfections;
— to provide the manufacturer the possibility to compare results of the first test with those of
subsequent periodic inspections;
— to determine the possibilities and limits of AE testing (AT) for pressure equipment;
— to establish common basis for procedures to perform AT, taking into account the specific
characteristics of the equipment under test;
— to define the criteria, features and grades essential for evaluation of test results;
— to suggest follow-ups to the test.
2 Normative references
The following documents are referred to in the text in such a way that some or all of their content
constitutes requirements of this document. For dated references, only the edition cited applies. For
undated references, the latest edition of the referenced document (including any amendments) applies.
EN 13445-5:2014, Unfired pressure vessels - Part 5: Inspection and testing
EN 1330-1:2014, Non destructive testing - Terminology - Part 1: List of general terms
EN 1330-2:1998, Non destructive testing - Terminology - Part 2: Terms common to the non-destructive
testing methods
EN 1330-9, Non-destructive testing - Terminology - Part 9: Terms used in acoustic emission testing
EN 14584:2013, Non-destructive testing - Acoustic emission testing - Examination of metallic pressure
equipment during proof testing - Planar location of AE sources
EN 13477-1, Non-destructive testing - Acoustic emission - Equipment characterisation - Part 1: Equipment
description
EN 13477-2, Non-destructive testing - Acoustic emission - Equipment characterisation - Part 2:
Verification of operating characteristic
EN ISO 9712:2012, Non-destructive testing - Qualification and certification of NDT personnel (ISO
9712:2012)
EN ISO/IEC 17025:2017, General requirements for the competence of testing and calibration laboratories
(ISO/IEC 17025:2017)
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3 Terms and definitions
For the purposes of this document, the terms and definitions given in EN 1330-1, EN 1330-2 and
EN 1330-9 apply.
ISO and IEC maintain terminological databases for use in standardization at the following addresses:
• IEC Electropedia: available at http://www.electropedia.org/
• ISO Online browsing platform: available at http://www.iso.org/obp
4 Personnel qualification
AT personnel shall be qualified and certified in accordance with EN ISO 9712 level 2 at minimum.
Personnel shall hold an appropriate certificate of competence (operating authorization according to
EN ISO 9712), e.g. personnel certification on AT level 2 or 3 as appropriate (see EN 13445-5:2014,
6.6.3.7).
NOTE For pressure equipment, see Directive 2014/68/EU, Annex 3.1.3: “For pressure equipment in
categories III and IV, the personnel must be approved by a third party organization recognized by a Member
State”.
5 Basis of AT on pressure equipment
The AE methodology is described in EN 13554.
The main target of the AT of pressure equipment is to detect acoustic emission sources caused by
phenomena generated by the applied load to the equipment:
— local plastic deformation;
— crack initiation;
— subcritical crack growth;
— surface rubbing in existing cracks;
— corrosion;
— leakage;
— etc.
AT can monitor evolution of AE sources respective to the equipment loading. In general, the detection of
AE sources is not restricted by the size of the evolving imperfection.
The properties and structural state of the material, the magnitude of the applied pressure, pressure
sequence and pressure rate are significant factors affecting the generation of AE.
After determination of wave propagation conditions, maximum allowed sensor spacing for location of
AE sources shall be determined according to EN 14584.
The influence of test fluid inside the pressure equipment on the different parameters of wave
propagation (e.g. wave attenuation, wave velocity, wave paths) shall be considered.
Grading of located AE sources is based on the evolution of their AE activity, AE intensity and other
parameters according to EN 14584:2013, Clause 8.
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6 Instrumentation
6.1 Generality
The AE instrumentation shall be in line with EN 13477-1 and EN 13477-2.
6.2 Sensors
The most commonly used sensors are resonant in-frequency range from 100 kHz to 300 kHz. Lower
frequency monitoring allows detection at greater distances and high frequency monitoring provides
improved rejection of external noise. Selection of frequency range may optimize location accuracy.
The equipment surface below the sensors shall be cleaned to ensure the maximum coupling efficiency.
The sensor coupling shall be as specified in the written test instruction. The sensors may be mainly
directly attached to the structure using magnetic devices or an adhesive, or by using wave guides (e.g.
high/low temperature, mounded equipment).
The effectiveness and reliability of the acoustic coupling shall be verified. The characteristics of the type
of the acoustic coupling agent used shall not affect the structure adversely.
In case of specific requirement (hazardous zones), intrinsically safe sensors and instrumentation shall
be used.
If the results of the shop test have to be a reference for subsequent tests, this has to be taken into
account for the sensor arrangement (e.g. for mounded equipment where wave guides will be used, the
shop test shall also be done with wave guides).
6.3 Preamplifiers
The preamplifier ensures both signal amplification and impedance matching. It may be integrated into
the sensor or connected to the sensor through a cable .For high sensitivity, the cable shall be as short as
possible (see EN 13477-1).
6.4 Filters
Analogue or digital frequency filtering is used at the measurement instrumentation to increase the
signal to noise ratio and to remove unwanted high or low frequency signals for measurement purposes.
6.5 AE Signal conditioning and processing
The AE signal processor provides analogue to digital conversion, threshold controlled feature extraction
(e.g. peak amplitude, rise time, duration, energy, counts) and time driven measurements (e.g. RMS) in
real time.
The AE signal processor can record the waveform. The AE signal processor normally provides the
power supply for the preamplifier and a method for using AE sensors as a mechanical pulse generator
(e.g. for the automatic sensor coupling test).
6.6 Localization of AE sources
The localization of AE sources is performed using delta t measurement.
The localization accuracy is normally within ± 5 % of the maximum used sensor spacing and shall be
measured and verified using an artificial source (see EN 14584:2013, 5.4).
For difficult geometry (e.g. nozzles, manholes) reference measurements shall be made.
For the on line evaluation of located AE sources, it is necessary to apply the real time distance peak
amplitude correction (see EN 14584:2013, Clause 6 and Annex A).
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7 Testing
7.1 Preliminary information
Prior to the test (proof test or periodic in service inspection), the AE test organization shall collect the
following inform
...
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