SIST EN 12259-13:2023
(Main)Fixed firefighting systems - Components for sprinkler and water spray systems - Part 13: ESFR sprinklers
Fixed firefighting systems - Components for sprinkler and water spray systems - Part 13: ESFR sprinklers
This document specifies requirements and test methods for early suppression and fast response (ESFR) sprinklers with a nominal discharge coefficient of 200 (pendent and upright), 240 (pendent and upright), 320 (pendent), 360 (pendent), 400 (pendent) and 480 (pendent) l/min/(bar)1/2.
Ortsfeste Brandbekämpfungsanlagen - Bauteile für Sprinkler- und Sprühwasseranlagen - Teil 13: ESFR-Sprinkler
Dieses Dokument legt Anforderungen und Prüfverfahren für früh unterdrückende schnell ansprechende (ESFR) Sprinkler (en: early suppression and fast response sprinklers) mit einem Nenndurchflusskoeffizienten von 200 l/min/(bar)1/2 (hängende und stehende Sprinkler), 240 l/min/(bar)1/2 (hängende und stehende Sprinkler), 320 l/min/(bar)1/2 (hängende Sprinkler), 360 l/min/(bar)1/2 (hängende Sprinkler), 400 l/min/(bar)1/2 (hängende Sprinkler) und 480 l/min/(bar)1/2 (hängende Sprinkler) fest.
Installations fixes de lutte contre l’incendie - Composants des systèmes d’extinction du type sprinkleur et à pulvérisation d’eau - Partie 13 : Sprinkleurs ESFR
Le présent document spécifie les exigences et les méthodes d’essai pour les sprinkleurs de suppression précoce à réponse rapide (ESFR) ayant un coefficient de décharge nominal de 200 l/min/(bar)1/2 (pendant et debout), 240 l/min/(bar)1/2 (pendant et debout), 320 l/min/(bar)1/2 (pendant), 360 l/min/(bar)1/2 (pendant), 400 l/min/(bar)1/2 (pendant) et 480 l/min/(bar)1/2 (pendant).
Vgrajene naprave za gašenje - Sestavni deli sprinklerskih sistemov in sistemov s pršečo vodo - 13. del: Sprinklerji ESFR
Ta dokument določa zahteve in preskusne metode za sprinklerje ESFR (early suppression fast response) z nazivnim koeficientom izpusta 200 (viseče in pokončne), 240 (viseče in pokončne), 320 (viseče), 360 (viseče), 400 (viseče) in 480 (viseče) l/min/(bar)1/2.
General Information
Standards Content (Sample)
SLOVENSKI STANDARD
01-april-2023
Vgrajene naprave za gašenje - Sestavni deli sprinklerskih sistemov in sistemov s
pršečo vodo - 13. del: Sprinklerji ESFR
Fixed firefighting systems - Components for sprinkler and water spray systems - Part 13:
ESFR sprinklers
Ortsfeste Brandbekämpfungsanlagen - Bauteile für Sprinkler- und Sprühwasseranlagen -
Teil 13: ESFR-Sprinkler
Installations fixes de lutte contre l’incendie - Composants des systèmes d’extinction du
type sprinkleur et à pulvérisation d’eau - Partie 13 : Sprinkleurs ESFR
Ta slovenski standard je istoveten z: EN 12259-13:2022
ICS:
13.220.10 Gašenje požara Fire-fighting
2003-01.Slovenski inštitut za standardizacijo. Razmnoževanje celote ali delov tega standarda ni dovoljeno.
EN 12259-13
EUROPEAN STANDARD
NORME EUROPÉENNE
December 2022
EUROPÄISCHE NORM
ICS 13.220.20
English Version
Fixed firefighting systems - Components for sprinkler and
water spray systems - Part 13: ESFR sprinklers
Installations fixes de lutte contre l'incendie - Ortsfeste Brandbekämpfungsanlagen - Bauteile für
Composants des systèmes d'extinction du type Sprinkler- und Sprühwasseranlagen - Teil 13: ESFR-
sprinkleur et à pulvérisation d'eau - Partie 13 : Sprinkler
Sprinkleurs ESFR
This European Standard was approved by CEN on 4 December 2022.
CEN members are bound to comply with the CEN/CENELEC Internal Regulations which stipulate the conditions for giving this
European Standard the status of a national standard without any alteration. Up-to-date lists and bibliographical references
concerning such national standards may be obtained on application to the CEN-CENELEC Management Centre or to any CEN
member.
This European Standard exists in three official versions (English, French, German). A version in any other language made by
translation under the responsibility of a CEN member into its own language and notified to the CEN-CENELEC Management
Centre has the same status as the official versions.
CEN members are the national standards bodies of Austria, Belgium, Bulgaria, Croatia, Cyprus, Czech Republic, Denmark, Estonia,
Finland, France, Germany, Greece, Hungary, Iceland, Ireland, Italy, Latvia, Lithuania, Luxembourg, Malta, Netherlands, Norway,
Poland, Portugal, Republic of North Macedonia, Romania, Serbia, Slovakia, Slovenia, Spain, Sweden, Switzerland, Türkiye and
United Kingdom.
EUROPEAN COMMITTEE FOR STANDARDIZATION
COMITÉ EUROPÉEN DE NORMALISATION
EUROPÄISCHES KOMITEE FÜR NORMUNG
CEN-CENELEC Management Centre: Rue de la Science 23, B-1040 Brussels
© 2022 CEN All rights of exploitation in any form and by any means reserved Ref. No. EN 12259-13:2022 E
worldwide for CEN national Members.
Contents Page
European foreword . 5
Introduction . 6
1 Scope . 7
2 Normative references . 7
3 Terms and definitions . 7
4 Assessment methods and criteria . 10
4.1 Connections . 10
4.1.1 Assessment method . 10
4.1.2 Criteria . 10
4.2 Leak resistance . 11
4.2.1 Assessment method . 11
4.2.2 Criteria . 11
4.3 Pneumatic leak resistance . 11
4.3.1 Assessment method . 11
4.3.2 Criteria . 11
4.4 Leakage resistance . 11
4.4.1 Assessment method . 11
4.4.2 Criteria . 11
4.5 Function . 11
4.5.1 Assessment method . 11
4.5.2 Criteria . 11
4.6 Operating temperatures . 11
4.6.1 Assessment method . 11
4.6.2 Criteria . 11
4.7 Complete operation . 12
4.7.1 Assessment method . 12
4.7.2 Criteria . 12
4.8 Size of water passageways . 12
4.8.1 Assessment method . 12
4.8.2 Criteria . 12
4.9 Nominal operating temperature . 12
4.9.1 Assessment method . 12
4.9.2 Criteria . 13
4.10 Distribution of extinguishing media . 13
4.10.1 Assessment method . 13
4.10.2 Criteria . 14
4.11 Actual delivered density . 14
4.11.1 Assessment method . 14
4.11.2 Criteria . 15
4.12 Extinguishing performance . 15
4.12.1 Assessment method . 15
4.12.2 Criteria . 15
4.13 Discharge coefficient . 16
4.13.1 Assessment method . 16
4.13.2 Criteria . 18
4.14 Thrust measurement . 18
4.14.1 Assessment method . 18
4.14.2 Criteria . 18
4.15 Response delay (response time) . 18
4.15.1 Assessment method . 18
4.15.2 Criteria . 19
4.16 Strength of sprinkler body and deflector. 19
4.16.1 Assessment method . 19
4.16.2 Criteria . 19
4.17 Strength of release element . 19
4.17.1 Assessment method . 19
4.17.2 Criteria . 19
4.18 Water hammer . 19
4.18.1 Assessment method . 19
4.18.2 Criteria . 19
4.19 Strength of deflector . 19
4.19.1 Assessment method . 19
4.19.2 Criteria . 20
4.20 Resistance to vibration . 20
4.20.1 Assessment method . 20
4.20.2 Criteria . 20
4.21 Resistance to impact . 21
4.21.1 Assessment method . 21
4.21.2 Criteria . 21
4.22 Resistance to low temperature . 21
4.22.1 Assessment method . 21
4.22.2 Criteria . 21
4.23 Vacuum . 21
4.23.1 Assessment method . 21
4.23.2 Criteria . 21
4.24 Heat exposure . 21
4.24.1 Assessment method . 21
4.24.2 Criteria . 21
4.25 Thermal shock of glass bulb sprinklers . 21
4.25.1 Assessment method . 21
4.25.2 Criteria . 22
4.26 Moist air . 22
4.26.1 Assessment method . 22
4.26.2 Criteria . 22
4.27 Corrosion . 22
4.27.1 Assessment method . 22
4.27.2 Criteria . 22
4.28 Product assembly . 22
4.29 Durability, resistance to thermal shock . 22
4.29.1 Assessment method . 22
4.29.2 Criteria . 22
5 Marking . 22
6 Manufacturer’s installation instructions . 23
Annex A (informative) Typical test setup for release under temperature test (liquid bath) 25
Annex B (normative) Pipe manifold configuration for lodgement . 26
Annex C (normative) Pendent sprinkler water distribution . 27
C.1 General. 27
C.2 Values for pendent sprinkler water distribution . 27
C.3 Test set-up . 29
Annex D (normative) Actual delivered density apparatus . 34
D.1 General. 34
D.2 Values for actual delivered density . 34
D.3 Test set-up . 36
D.4 Heptane burner settings . 38
Annex E (normative) Extinguishing performance . 39
E.1 General. 39
E.2 Values for performance under fire . 39
E.3 Fire test scenarios . 40
E.4 Test set-ups . 44
Annex F (normative) Thrust measurement . 59
F.1 General. 59
F.2 Values for thrust measurement . 59
F.3 Test set-up . 60
Annex G (normative) Sensitivity (response time index) . 61
G.1 General. 61
G.2 Test conditions . 61
G.3 Test set-up . 62
Annex H (normative) Tolerances . 63
Bibliography . 64
European foreword
This document (EN 12259-13:2022) has been prepared by Technical Committee CEN/TC 191 “Fixed
firefighting systems”, the secretariat of which is held by BSI.
This European Standard shall be given the status of a national standard, either by publication of an
identical text or by endorsement, at the latest by June 2023, and conflicting national standards shall be
withdrawn at the latest by June 2023.
Attention is drawn to the possibility that some of the elements of this document may be the subject of
patent rights. CEN shall not be held responsible for identifying any or all such patent rights.
EN 12259, Fixed firefighting systems — Components for sprinkler and water spray systems, consists of the
following parts:
— Part 1: Sprinklers;
— Part 2: Wet alarm valve assemblies;
— Part 3: Dry alarm valve assemblies;
— Part 4: Water motor alarms;
— Part 5: Water flow detectors;
— Part 9: Deluge alarm valves;
— Part 12: Pumps;
— Part 13: ESFR sprinklers;
— Part 14: Sprinklers for residential applications.
Any feedback and questions on this document should be directed to the users’ national standards body.
A complete listing of these bodies can be found on the CEN website.
According to the CEN-CENELEC Internal Regulations, the national standards organisations of the
following countries are bound to implement this European Standard: Austria, Belgium, Bulgaria, Croatia,
Cyprus, Czech Republic, Denmark, Estonia, Finland, France, Germany, Greece, Hungary, Iceland, Ireland,
Italy, Latvia, Lithuania, Luxembourg, Malta, Netherlands, Norway, Poland, Portugal, Republic of North
Macedonia, Romania, Serbia, Slovakia, Slovenia, Spain, Sweden, Switzerland, Türkiye and the United
Kingdom.
Introduction
The response characteristics of classic sprinklers (EN 12259-1 and EN 12259-15) is based on the
measurement of both sensitivity and conductivity (C-factor). For EN 12259-13 sprinkler type (ESFR)
their response characteristics are determined without reference to its conductivity.
1 Scope
This document specifies requirements and test methods for early suppression and fast response (ESFR)
sprinklers with a nominal discharge coefficient of 200 (pendent and upright), 240 (pendent and upright),
1/2
320 (pendent), 360 (pendent), 400 (pendent) and 480 (pendent) l/min/(bar) .
2 Normative references
The following documents are referred to in the text in such a way that some or all of their content
constitutes requirements of this document. For dated references, only the edition cited applies. For
undated references, the latest edition of the referenced document (including any amendments) applies.
EN 12259-1:1999+A1:2001 , Fixed firefighting systems — Components for sprinkler and water spray
systems — Sprinklers
EN 12845-2, Fixed firefighting systems — Automatic sprinkler systems — Part 2: Design and installation of
ESFR and CMSA sprinkler systems
ISO 7-1, Pipe threads where pressure-tight joints are made on the threads — Part 1: Dimensions, tolerances
and designation
3 Terms and definitions
For the purposes of this document, the terms and definitions given in EN 12845 (all parts) and EN 12259
(all parts) and the following apply.
ISO and IEC maintain terminology databases for use in standardization at the following addresses:
— ISO Online browsing platform: available at https://www.iso.org/obp
— IEC Electropedia: available at https://www.electropedia.org/
3.1
actual delivered density
ADD
measure of the rate at which water is actually deposited from an operating sprinkler type device(s) onto
the top horizontal surface of a burning combustible array
Note 1 to entry: ADD is expressed in l/min/m .
3.2
service load
measure of the force applied to the sprinkler frame due to assembly of the operating parts, plus the
equivalent force resulting from the maximum rated inlet pressure
3.3
conductivity
C-factor
measure of the conductance between the sprinkler's heat responsive element and the water filled fitting
1/2
Note 1 to entry: Conductivity is expressed in (m/s) .
As impacted by EN 12259-1:1999+A1:2001/A2:2004 and EN 12259-1:1999+A1:2001/A3:2006.
3.4
mean design service load
sprinkler manufacturer’s specified and assured highest mean load applied on the operating element at
the maximum rated inlet pressure
3.5
fusible link sprinkler
sprinkler which opens when an element provided for that purpose melts at a prescribed temperature
3.6
glass bulb sprinkler
sprinkler which opens when a liquid-filled glass bulb bursts at a prescribed temperature
3.7
lodgement
malfunction in the operation of a sprinkler which, when operated under a typical system water pressure,
experiences the hang-up of an operating part on, or between, the frame, deflector and/or compression
screw, adversely affecting the water distribution for a period in excess of ten seconds
Note 1 to entry: A momentary hesitation of an operating part to clear itself from temporary contact with the
frame, deflector and/or compression screw does not constitute a lodgement.
3.8
heat responsive element
component of a sprinkler assembly that, when subjected to the influence of heat, ruptures, bursts or
otherwise functions, causing water to be discharged through the sprinkler orifice
3.9
leak point
pressure at which there is leakage of water from the sprinkler in excess of one drop per minute
3.10
operating temperature
temperature in degrees at which the heat responsive element of a sprinkler operates when subjected to
a controlled rate-of-temperature-rise liquid bath
3.11
orientation ‘A’
plunge tunnel condition in which the sprinkler is situated such that the air flow is perpendicular to both
the waterway axis and the plane of the frame arms and the heat responsive element is upstream of the
frame arms
3.12
orientation ‘B’
plunge tunnel condition in which the sprinkler is situated such that the air flow is perpendicular to both
the waterway axis and the plane of the frame arms and the heat responsive element is downstream of the
frame arms
3.13
orientation ‘C’
plunge tunnel condition in which the sprinkler is situated such that the axis of the sprinkler inlet is
parallel to the air flow and the deflector faces and is perpendicular to the air flow
3.14
orifice
opening in a sprinkler body through which the water is discharged
3.15
pendent sprinkler
sprinkler in which the nozzle directs the water downwards
3.16
response time index
RTI
measure of the thermal sensitivity of the sprinkler
1/2
Note 1 to entry: RTI is expressed in (ms) .
3.17
service pressure
working hydrostatic pressure of a sprinkler system
3.18
strutting
partial fracture of a glass bulb or partial rupture of a fusible link heat responsive element which does not
result in sprinkler operation
3.19
upright sprinkler
sprinkler in which the nozzle directs the water upwards
3.20
weep point
leak point
pressure at which any visible leakage of water is detected
3.21
aisle jump
propagation of fire through radiant heat from the commodity immediately surrounding the ignition
location to the remote commodity which is separated from the main array by a 1,2 m aisle
3.22
standard cartoned expanded plastic test commodity
product consisting of expanded polystyrene plastic food service trays packaged in single-wall corrugated
cartons
Note 1 to entry: Each carton contains 200 plastic trays arranged in four stacks of 50 trays each with a density of
0,038 g/cm . Typical trays weigh approximately 15,25 g each, measure approximately 270 mm × 270 mm × 5 mm
thick and consists of expanded foam plastic. Each carton measures 530 mm × 530 mm × 510 mm, has a moisture
content of between 3,8 % and 7,4 % and weigh 4 kg when filled with the plastic trays. Each pallet load consists of
eight cartons placed in a 2 × 2 × 2 array upon a 1 070 mm × 1 070 mm × 130 mm two-way, slatted deck hardwood
pallet. The pallet is minimum 90 % white, red or black oak, with an 8 % to 10 % moisture content.
3.23
standard cartoned unexpanded plastic test commodity
product of cartoned unexpanded plastic, consisting of rigid crystalline polystyrene jars (empty,
approximately 473 ml) packaged in compartmented, single wall, corrugated cartons measuring
53 cm × 53 cm × 51 cm
Note 1 to entry: Jars are arranged in five layers, 25 per layer for a total of 125. Each pallet load consists of eight
cartons, arranged in a 2 × 2 × 2 array upon a 107 cm × 107 cm × 13 cm two-way, slatted deck hardwood pallet.
3.24
mean bulb strength
glass bulb mean bulb strength for any batch of 55 or more bulbs
3.25
mean design bulb strength
glass bulb manufacturer’s specified and assured lowest mean bulb strength for any batch of 55 or more
bulbs
3.26
design lower tolerance limit
DLTL
glass bulb manufacturer’s specified and assured lowest lower tolerance limit
3.27
lower tolerance limit
LTL
glass bulb lowest strength determined by test and statistical analysis of a batch of 55 or more bulbs
3.28
design upper tolerance limit
DUTL
sprinkler manufacturer’s specified and assured highest upper tolerance limit
3.29
upper tolerance limit
UTL
highest service load determined by test and statistical analysis of a batch of 10 or more sprinklers
4 Assessment methods and criteria
4.1 Connections
4.1.1 Assessment method
The sprinkler connection, e.g. the thread size shall be assessed by measurements.
4.1.2 Criteria
The thread connections of the sprinkler shall be in accordance with ISO 7-1 or shall be grooved
connections. Alternative connection methods that have been tested and validated for use in fire sprinkler
systems also fulfil 4.1.2.
4.2 Leak resistance
4.2.1 Assessment method
The assessment method given in EN 12259-1:1999+A1:2001, Annex H shall be applied.
4.2.2 Criteria
The criteria given in EN 12259-1:1999+A1:2001, 4.9 shall be applied.
4.3 Pneumatic leak resistance
4.3.1 Assessment method
+01,
Four previously untested sprinklers shall be individually conditioned at (−29 ± 6) °C for 24 h. Each
sample shall then be pneumatically pressurized to (2,1 ± 0,1) bar, immersed in glycol liquid conditioned
+01,
to (−29 ± 6) °C and observed for 5 min.
4.3.2 Criteria
No visible pneumatic leakage.
4.4 Leakage resistance
4.4.1 Assessment method
Five previously untested samples shall be hydrostatically tested to confirm that there are no weep or leak
points at, or below, 34,5 bar ± 3 %. The samples shall then be installed on a water-filled test apparatus
+0,25
which is to be maintained at ambient temperature and at a constant pressure of 20,7 bar ± 3 % for 30
days. The samples shall be visually examined weekly during the test period for evidence of leakage at the
seal.
4.4.2 Criteria
No visible leakage at 20,7 bar for a period of 30 days and no evidence of distortion or physical damage.
4.5 Function
4.5.1 Assessment method
The assessment method in accordance with EN 12259-1:1999+A1:2001, Annex E shall be performed
except for the reference to EN 12259-1:1999+A1:2001, 4.5 (discharge coefficient). Instead, 4.10 in this
document shall be applied.
4.5.2 Criteria
The criteria given in EN 12259-1:1999+A1:2001, 4.6 shall be applied.
4.6 Operating temperatures
4.6.1 Assessment method
The assessment method given in EN 12259-1:1999+A1:2001, Annex B shall be applied.
4.6.2 Criteria
The criteria given in EN 12259-1:1999+A1:2001, 4.4 shall be applied.
4.7 Complete operation
4.7.1 Assessment method
Samples shall be selected in accordance with Table 1 and shall be individually installed in their intended
installation position, on a pipe manifold as shown in Annex B. Each sample shall be subjected to an inlet
water pressure in accordance with 4.7.2, operated using a suitable open flame heat source, and observed
for complete and proper functioning. A total of 80 sprinklers shall be tested.
Five samples shall be tested at each pressure with the pipe manifold configured for double-fed flow, and
the remaining samples shall be tested with single-fed flow as shown in Annex B.
Table 1 — Lodgement
a
Pressure Number of samples
0,5 bar 10
1,7 bar 10
3,4 bar 10
5,2 bar 10
6,9 bar 10
8,6 bar 10
10,3 bar 10
12,1 bar 10
a
A tolerance of ±5 % applies to all pressures specified in the table.
4.7.2 Criteria
Upon activation of each sample, the discharge coefficient shall be measured to verify complete operation
or each sprinkler shall be visually examined to ensure all operating parts have been ejected from the
sprinkler during operation.
4.8 Size of water passageways
4.8.1 Assessment method
Pass a sphere of diameter 9,5 mm through each water passage in the sprinkler. If it does not pass check
if the sprinkler is fitted with an additional strainer.
4.8.2 Criteria
The sphere passes freely through each water passage or the sprinkler is fitted with an additional strainer.
4.9 Nominal operating temperature
4.9.1 Assessment method
4.9.1.1 Glass bulb sprinklers
Perform visual inspection to determine the colour of the liquid inside the bulb.
4.9.1.2 Fusible link sprinklers
Perform visual inspection to determine colour painted on frame arm surface. Perform visual inspection
to ensure at least 50 % of frame arm surface is painted the colour, and that paint is visible from all
directions. If percentage of painted colour surface is in doubt, optical measurement shall be applied.
4.9.2 Criteria
Sprinklers shall be in accordance with Table 2. In addition, fusible link sprinklers are painted for at least
50 % of each frame arm surface and the paint is visible from all directions.
Table 2 — Nominal operating temperatures and colour codes
Glass bulb sprinklers Fusible link sprinklers
Nominal
Liquid Nominal operating Yoke arms
operating
colour code temperature within range colour code
temperature
°C °C
57 orange 57 to 77 uncoloured
68 red 80 to 107 white
79 yellow 121 to 149 blue
93 green 163 to 191 red
100 green 204 to 246 green
121 blue 260 to 302 orange
141 blue 320 to 343 black
163 mauve - -
182 mauve - -
204 black - -
227 black - -
260 black - -
286 black - -
343 black - -
4.10 Distribution of extinguishing media
4.10.1 Assessment method
Samples according to Table C.1 for K200 pendent sprinklers shall be tested. All 3,4 bar tests are
performed on a system fed from both directions (double feed). All 5,2 bar tests are performed on a system
fed from one direction (single feed), except for the two sprinkler, single pipe tests which are performed
on a double feed system. All scenarios in Table C.1 shall be tested.
Samples according to Table C.2 for K240 pendent sprinklers shall be tested. All 2,4 bar tests are
performed on a system fed from both directions (double feed). All 3,4 bar tests are performed on a system
fed from one direction (single feed), except for the two sprinkler, single pipe tests which are performed
on a double feed system. All scenarios in Table C.2 shall be tested.
Prior to the test, all samples shall be operated using a suitable heat source to remove the heat responsive
assembly. The sprinkler test area shall be in accordance with Figures C.1 to C.5. The water distribution
collection areas shall be in accordance with Figure C.6. The test apparatus shall be in a room of sufficient
volume so as to minimize the entrainment of additional water spray. No significant drafts or other air
movement shall be allowed into, or out of, the test area.
The water collection system, Figure C.6, shall be covered until the required pressure has been obtained.
At that time, the cover shall be quickly removed in such a manner as to not cause water collected on top
+01,
of the cover to be deposited into the collection pans. The test shall be conducted for 5 min, or until
the water level in the fullest collection bucket reaches its maximum measurable level, whichever occurs
first. At the conclusion of the test, the cover shall be immediately placed over the collection pans to
prevent further water collection.
4.10.2 Criteria
1/2
Pendent sprinklers with a nominal discharge coefficient of 200 l/min/(bar) shall be in accordance
1/2
with Table C.1. Pendent sprinklers with a nominal discharge coefficient of 240 l/min/(bar) shall be in
accordance with Table C.2.
4.11 Actual delivered density
4.11.1 Assessment method
ADD measurements shall be taken using the test apparatus shown in Figures D.1 and D.2. The ADD
apparatus shall consist of two major components: a fire source and a simulated commodity. The fire
source shall consist of a number of spray nozzles equally spaced on the circumference of a circle. Heptane
shall be used as the fuel for the fire. Below the fire source shall be an array of collection pans representing
a simulated commodity. Collection pans shall be of the dimensions given in Figures D.1, D.2 and D.3.
A moveable ceiling shall be used of at least 11 m × 10 m dimensions (in plan view), which is capable of
vertical movement such as to provide a variable distance of 5 m maximum above a set of collection pans.
A means of producing a fire plume of varying heat release rates, from 500 kW to 3 MW in accordance with
Annex D shall be used. The plume is to be generated using a set of nine spray nozzles, with eight nozzles
set in a circular pattern of 1,2 m diameter, and with a central nozzle. The nozzles are to be supplied with
a source of liquid Heptane, under pressure, with a control system capable of adjustment of heptane flow
such that the required fire sizes are achieved. In addition, an air blower system is required which will
deliver 18,4 m per minute of air into the centre of the fire plume.
The array shall approximate the geometry and size of a single tier rack-storage commodity of two pallet
loads deep and two pallet loads wide (see 3.22), with a 15,2 cm ± 2 % flue space between each pallet.
Sixteen square water collection pans, representing the top surface of the commodity within the ignition
area, shall collect water that would normally reach the commodity’s top surface. Four additional pans,
representing the flue spaces between pallet loads of commodity, shall collect water that would normally
be delivered to the flue spaces.
A flat horizontal ceiling with minimum dimensions of (11 m × 10 m) ± 2 % shall be suspended above the
apparatus. The test apparatus shall be located in a room of sufficient volume to minimize the entrainment
of additional water spray.
1/2
, open sprinklers shall be
For sprinklers having a nominal K-factor of 200 or 240 l/min/(bar)
connected to DN 50 sprinkler pipes under the suspended ceiling via DN 50 × DN 50 × DN 20 threaded
tees, threaded outlet fittings with bushings, or a suitable alternative.
1/2 1/2 1/2
For sprinklers having a nominal K-factor of 320 l/min/(bar) , 360 l/min/(bar) , 400 l/min/(bar)
1/2
or 480 l/min/(bar) open sprinklers shall be connected to DN 65 sprinkler pipes under the suspended
ceiling via DN 65 × DN 65 × DN 25 threaded tees, threaded outlet fittings with bushings, or a suitable
alternative.
Pendent sprinklers shall be installed with sprinkler piping centre line located 23 cm ± 2 % below the
ceiling. Upright sprinklers shall be installed with sprinkler piping centre line located 30 cm ± 2 % below
the ceiling.
The frame arms of each sprinkler shall be aligned with the sprinkler pipe. The pipes shall be fed with
water flowing from either a single direction, or both directions, as specified in D.2 as appropriate.
For all tests, prior to each ADD measurement, the heptane spray shall be ignited and the flow stabilized
at a flow rate corresponding to the required heat release. Once the fuel flow rate has been stabilized,
water shall be discharged from the sprinklers. Water collected by all pans is to be channelled to the
collectors of the apparatus, as shown in Figure D.2. Water shall be collected until one or more 170 l
collection buckets are filled, or for a minimum of 10 min, whichever occurs first, for each test detailed in
the applicable Table.
For all tests, the average water collected shall be recorded for at least two sets of sprinkler samples.
4.11.2 Criteria
Pendent sprinklers having a nominal K-factor of 200 and 240 shall have a minimum actual delivered
density as given in D.2. For other upright sprinklers ADD tests are used only to determine the ignition
locations for full scale fire testing – minimum collection requirements are not specified. The least
favourable ignition scenario will be identified by the lowest average density collected.
4.12 Extinguishing performance
4.12.1 Assessment method
The tests detailed Annex E shall be conducted in an indoor fire test facility with an adjustable ceiling
approximately 12,2 m ± 2 % from the floor, with the fuel array positioned atop a raised platform.
Sprinklers shall be installed on (3,0 m × 3,0 m) ± 2 % spacing, on DN50 diameter pipe with 3,9 mm wall
thickness sprinkler pipes.
In order to simulate the effect of large pipe sizes on the sprinkler distribution pattern, the outside
diameter of the pipe(s) in the area over ignition shall be equal to that of a nominal DN65 diameter 5,2 mm
wall thickness sprinkler pipe.
Ignition for the fire test shall take place at the bottom of the first tier of the test array, located as shown
in Annex E. Temperatures shall be monitored by Type K, mineral insulated, metal clad, sheathed
thermocouples located at the ceiling. The nominal temperature rating of the sprinklers shall be 74 °C for
solder-link sprinklers and 68 °C for glass bulb sprinklers. Two-way,
(1 050 mm × 1 050 mm × 125 mm) ± 2 %, slatted hardwood pallets placed in metal storage racks shall
support the commodity (see 3.22 and 3.23). For fire tests in which aisle jump is specified as a test
criterion, a target array shall be located adjacent to the test array, separated by an aisle space 1,2 m ± 2 %
wide. The commodity type, storage arrangement and height of the target array shall be selected to
correspond to the test array.
4.12.2 Criteria
1/2
Upright sprinklers with a nomina
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